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The Failure of American Expansionists’ Schemes of Taiwan in 1850s:
the Perspective of American Foreign Policy
Mei-Chu Hsu Abstract
In 1850s, the sailing routes from California to China’s coast and Hong Kong passed through the northern and southern coast of Taiwan respectively. Furthermore, the abundance of rice, sugar, camphor, and coal mineral, the superior geographic location of Taiwan along with the necessity of shipwreck’s rescue around Taiwan coast, all the factors attracted the attention of American merchants and government’s officials, the so-called expansionists. They were Matthew C. Perry, Townsend Harris, Peter Parker, Gideon Nye, Jr., and William M. Robinet. Their schemes of Taiwan included the commercial settlement, to purchase Taiwan, to occupy Taiwan, and to build the independent government under American control.
However, these schemes would violate U. S. foreign policy, so the government kept the traditional policy to maintain the amicable and stable relations among China and the European countries, and these schemes of Taiwan failed at last. This paper focuses on the topic from the perspective of American foreign policy and discusses the reason why these schemes failed.
Keywords: Matthew C. Perry, Townsend Harris, Peter Parker, Gideon Nye, Jr., The schemes of Taiwan
Mei-Chu Hsu was an adjunct instructor of Center for General Education, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology
