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口腔病理科 On-Line KMU Student Bulletin

原文題目(出處): Odontogenic keratocyst in the maxillary sinus: Report of two cases ,Oncology EXTRA (2006) 42, 231– 234

原文作者姓名: Guilherme Costa Carvalho Silva, Edgard Carvalho Silva, Ricardo Santiago Gomez, Tainah Couto Vieira

通訊作者學校: *Department of restorative dentistry, School of dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, MG, Brazil.

Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthdontics, 報告者姓名(組別): Intern D組 莊幼先

報告日期: 2006/11/13 內文:

Summery:

The odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) 因為潛在侵略性的行為很容易復發,要利用組織病理切 片小心診斷。但是OKC很少發生在maxilla,發生在maxillary sinus更不尋常。此篇文章提 出兩個男孩的case,此兩個case均是與OKC發生在上顎maxillary sinus未萌發的molar有關

。這兩個case的處理方式均是用surgical的方式且在觀察數年後沒有再復發的現象。

此篇文章並加以討論OKC的臨床和治療方式。

Introduction:

◎ OKC與odontogenic cysts全然不同,因為它有aggressive clinical behaviour and high rate of recurrence,應小心診斷

◎ Multiples OKCs 或許會與basal cell nevus syndrome有關

◎ 由於OKC沒有具體專一的clinical and radiographic features所以容易與ordinary cysts搞混,導致診斷誤差,甚至治療錯誤,嚴重者會造成不必要的再復發,

因此想要有成功的治療結果,就必須有精確的診斷加上適當的手術方式和有 耐心的追蹤。

◎ 以下借紹兩個cases :與以往有關的OKC文獻不同的是,此兩個cases 的 lesions 完 全 被 限 制 在 sinus cavity裡面, 沒有侵犯到maxillary alveolar bone.此兩個cases均用 手術方式移除且F/u 8年和5年,値得一提的是都沒有復發的傾向。

Case reports

Case1: 17歲,白人男性

◎主訴 : 持續頭痛一個禮拜

◎Past medical history : no contributory

◎Extra and Intra-oral examination : no alteration was developed

◎Lateral and PA radiographs:

--An opaque mass with an image of the third molar in the left maxillary sinus --The lesion 似乎完全被限制在maxillary sinus cavity裡面, 沒有侵犯到 nasal sinus or maxillary alveolar bone

◎Aspirating biopsy of the cystic lesion: showing milky liquid

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口腔病理科 On-Line KMU Student Bulletin

Removed tooth with fragmented cystic lesion.

◎Light microscopic image (H&E 40).:

◎ Histopathological exam diagnosis : Odontogenic keratocyst

◎治療: under LA

-The cyst containing the tooth-> enucleate in pieces and soft tissue curettage -Followed-up for 8 years -> no signs of recurrence.

Case2: 14歲,白人男性

◎主訴 :抱怨bad taste in mouth for two years

◎Past medical history: unremarkable

◎Intra-oral examination :在 buccal face, 17的 上 方 有 purulent fistula

◎Computer tomography and Lateral radiographs: ectopic 17 involved by a

radiopacity filling in the upper posterior portion of the maxillary sinus No alveolar bone involvement was noticed

◎The histopathological exam diagnosis: Odontogenic keratocyst

◎治療: under GA

-cystic lesion ->執行Cald-Well-Luc approach and removed in pieces sinus walls->Curettage

-Followed-up for 5 years -> no signs of recurrence.

(B) Removed tooth with fragmented cystic lesion (formalin-fixed).

-epithelial lining exhibiting parakeratotic layer -thin spinous cell layer

-hyperchromatic columnars cells in the basal layer, with no ridges into the connective tissue

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口腔病理科 On-Line KMU Student Bulletin

(C) Micrograph showing:

-epithelial lining with parakeratotic layer

-about six layers of spinous cells and hyperchromatic columnars cells in the basal layer in a palisaded arrangement.

-The epithelial-connective tissue junction is plain (H&E 100X) Disscussion:

◎ -目前研究還是支持OKC源自於dental lamina -但有些學者認為OKC為benign cystic neoplasm

( 因 為 它 的 growth capacity 和 development characteristics 和 suppressor tumor gene(PTCH)有關

-近來甚至發現intracystic fluid pressure牽涉 OKC growth

◎ OKC最常發生在:

-男性

-posterior region of mandible -11-30歲

-<1% with sinus involvement in the maxilla

◎ 關於OKC的recurrence:

-最常recurrence的時間多在手術後的5年這段期間,復發率由0%~62%均有主要決定於手 術方式以及觀察的期間

-recurrence的原因主要基於上皮細胞的mitotic activity和 growth potential 以及殘餘的dental lamina 和epithelial islands

基於以上的理由學者建議如果發現有沾黏的OKC最好能夠用Eradiate的方式將cyst epithelium components清除乾淨。

◎ -治療方式如果只有做enucleationÆ常常復發(尤其是有combined teeth的OKC) -治療方式如果做enucleation+ bone curettageÆ復發率較低

-而我們提出的兩個case所採取的方式: enucleation+ bone curettageÆ分別F/U 8年 和5年沒有再復發的情形

◎OKC很少發生在maxilla,發生在maxillary sinus更不尋常,因此我們要善加利用CT小心 診斷,臨床上OKC與Dentigerous cyst(radiographic image) 和Ameloblastoma難以D.D.

,因此最好做biopsy examination去決定最適當的治療方式避免不必要的再復發。

題號 題目

1 下列哪一項針對OKC的敘述有錯誤?

(A) There is a slight male predilection

(B) In associated to basal cell nevus syndrome keratocysts (C) Most involve mandible bone and expansion sinus (D) Always sinus involvement in the maxilla

答案 (D)

出處:Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology P594(倒數第4行) P595(第14行)

題號 題目

2 請問OKC源自於?

(A) Enamel organs

(B) Entrapped epithelium at the junction of the globular part of the medial nasal process

(C) Rest of dental lamina (D) Lack of epithelial lining 答案

(C)

出處:Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology P594

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參考文獻

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