The Realization of Zigbee Mesh Networks 張超琦、胡大湘
E-mail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Nowadays, there are many short distance wireless communication systems, such as Blue-tooth, Zigbee and Z-wave. In such three communications, the Blue-tooth system provides the largest data transmission but 10 meter transmission distances. The Z-wave system is just beginning, and few applications are available. Although the Zigbee system provides a littler data transmission than the Blue-tooth systems, however, it needs lower electricity and can achieve as long as 100 meter transmission in free space, which is suitable for the surveillant systems. So in this thesis, implementations are devised based on the Zigbee system. With increases of the kinds of electrical devices, it is not easily to manage them in a certain limited area. If a devise is installed in a mesh network, not only is it easily used in the hand, but the management of electrical devices is also systematical. How to implement the mesh network is a main exploration in this thesis. The implementation in the thesis is based on IEEE 802.15.4, which the principle of CSMA/CA is devised in the data transmission. The principle of CSMA/CA is simply described as: channel detection has been employed before a transmission of data, and if the channel is available data is immediately transmitted, otherwise no data is transmitted and a random time is required to wait and then channel detection is checked again. For the aspect of hardware, some chips are used, such as MC13191, MC13192 and MC 13213, which are specially designed for Zigbee systems. A development software, called Worrior C, and a Freescale mother board are utilized to design a Zigbee star network, which contains light remote controllers and window curtain remote controllers. A Zigbee mesh network is then devised to integrate light remote controllers, window curtain remote controllers and data transmission between computers.
Keywords : Zigbee ; Zigbee mesh network
Table of Contents
封面內頁 簽名頁 授權書．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．iii 中文摘要．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．
．．．．iv 英文摘要．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．v 誌謝．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．
．vii 目錄．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．viii 圖目錄．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．xii 表目錄．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．xv 第一章 緒論 1.1 研究背景與目的 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．
． 1 1.2 研究方法以及進行步驟．．．．．．．．．．．．3 第二章 Zigbee概述 2.1 何謂Zigbee．．．．．．．．．．．
．．．．．．6 2.2 Zigbee IEEE802.15.4無線網路簡介．．．．．． 6 2.2.1 IEEE802.15.4 標準．．．．．．．．．．．． 8 2.2.2 Zigbee無線網路通訊協定．．．．．．．．．．10 2.2.3 Zigbee實體層．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．11 2.2.4 Zigbee網路層．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．16 2.2.5 Zigbee應用層．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．19 2.2.6 Zigbee的應 用．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．19 2.3 何謂CSMA/CA型．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 20 2.4 Zigbee與藍芽的比較
．．．．．．．．．．．．．20 第三章 Zigbee 的晶片介紹 3.1 本論文所選用的晶片．．．．．．．．．．．．．22 3.2 MC9S08GB60功能概述．．．．．．．．．．．．．23 3.3 按鍵中斷模式(KBI) ．．．．．．．．．．．．．26 3.3.1 KBI 狀態和控制暫存器(KBI1SC) ．．．．．．．26 3.3.2 按鍵中斷接腳使用暫存器(KBI1PE) ．．．．． 28 3.4 連續傳輸介面模 式(SCI) ．．．．．．．．．．．28 3.4.1 SCIx傳輸速率暫存器(SCIxBDH，SCIxDBL)．． 28 3.4.2 SCIx 控制暫存器之 一(SCIxC1) ．．．．．．．30 3.4.3 SCIx 控制暫存器之二(SCIxC2) ．．．．．．．32 3.4.4 SCIx 狀態暫存器之一(SCIxS1)
．．．．．．．34 3.4.5 SCIx 狀態暫存器之二(SCIxS2) ．．．．．．．37 3.4.6 SCIx 狀態暫存器之三(SCIxS3) ．．．．．
．．37 3.4.7 SCIx 資料暫存器(SCIxD) ．．．．．．．．． 40 3.5 類比轉數位模式(ATD) ．．．．．．．．．．．．40 3.5.1 ATD控制暫存器(ATDC) ．．．．．．．．．．．40 3.5.2 ATD狀態和控制暫存器(ATD1SC) ．．．．．．．44 3.5.3 ATD結果資料(ATD1RH，STD1RL) ．．．．．．．47 3.5.4 ATD接腳設定使用(ATD1PE) ．．．．．．．．．48 3.6 序列 周邊介面模式(SPI) ．．．．．．．．．．．48 3.6.1 SPI控制暫存器之ㄧ(SPI1C1) ．．．．．．．．48 3.6.2 SPI控制暫存器 之二(SPI1C2) ．．．．．．．．51 3.6.3 SPI邊界速率暫存器(SPI1BR) ．．．．．．．．53 3.6.4 SPI狀態暫存器(SPI1S) ．．
．．．．．．．． 55 3.6.5 SPI資料暫存器(SP1D) ．．．．．．．．．．．56 第四章 實作方式 4.1 實作概念與方法．．．
．．．．．．．．．．．．58 4.2 流程圖．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．58 4.2.1 Coordinator所需設定之暫存器
．．．．．．． 59 4.2.2 end device 所需設定之暫存器．．．．．．． 61 4.2.3 router所需設定之暫存器．．．．．．．．
．．63 4.3 使用之開發工具Codwarrior．．．．．．．．．．64 4.4 燒錄畫面．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．65 4.5 燈控的無線控制．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．65 4.5.1 動作解說．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．68 4.5.2 燈
控所需使用之暫存器．．．．．．．．．．．69 4.6窗簾的無線控制．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 69 4.6.1 動作解說．
．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．72 4.6.2 窗簾所需使用之暫存器．．．．．．．．．．．72 4.7電腦透過Zigbee互傳字 元．．．．．．．．．．． 72 4.7.1 動作原理．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．73 4.7.2 傳輸字元所需設定之暫存器．
．．．．．．．．74 4.8 以Mesh為基礎縱合燈控、窗簾控制、字元傳輸．．74 4.8.1 所有指令規劃．．．．．．．．．．
．．．．．77 4.8.2 所需要設定暫存器．．．．．．．．．．．．．79 4.8.3 暫存器之設定方法．．．．．．．．．．．．
．80 4.9 成品展現．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．82 第五章 結論與未來發展．．．．．．．．．．．．． 83 參 考文獻．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．81
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