不同分子量幾丁聚醣對枯草桿菌之抑菌性探討 吳明和、顏裕鴻 ; 張耀南
E-mail: 9804867@mail.dyu.edu.tw
摘 要
本研究利用四種不同分子量之幾丁聚醣(水溶性W031、甲殼素SK10P8、食品級N96、工業級A72；其相對分子量分別為27.5
、94.1、245.9、350.7 kDa)對枯草桿菌(Bacillus subtilis DYU1002；其為納豆菌之一種)的抑菌性探討。由實驗結果得知，在 添加幾丁聚醣A72 (350.7 kDa)前4小時有抑菌效果，之後就完全沒有抑制效果，添加幾丁聚醣N96 (245.9 kDa)在前8小時有抑 制效果，而添加幾丁聚醣W031 (27.5 kDa)與SK-10P8 (94.1 kDa) 在前12小時都還有抑制效果，證明分子量越低的幾丁聚醣，
對於枯草桿菌的抑制效果越好。幾丁聚醣添加量為0.02%(w/v)時，無論菌體添加量為1%或5%，其抑菌效果皆有50~60%。
當添加量達0.04%(w/v)就幾乎可以達到100%的抑制效果。在本研究中發現，最佳的Bacillus subtilis抑制效果在0.04 g (w/v) 水溶性W031幾丁聚醣(27.5 kDa)的添加。但是，若要用於保健食品中，則建議使用食品級的幾丁聚醣N96(245.9 kDa)，使用 量為0.02 g (w/v)，這樣將不會影響到Bacillus subtilis DYU1002的生長。
關鍵詞 : 枯草桿菌、幾丁聚醣、抑菌性、分子量
目錄
封面內頁 簽名頁 授權書 中文摘要i 英文摘要ii 誌謝iii 目錄iv 圖目錄x 表目錄xii 1. 前言1 2. 文獻回顧3
2.1 枯草桿菌之特性3 2.1.1枯草桿菌的應用3
2.1.2 枯草桿菌感染方式與症狀4 2.2 納豆之特性5
2.2.1 納豆之營養物質6 2.2.2 納豆之功效8
2.2.2.1 溶解血栓之原理機轉10 2.2.2.2 抗菌作用15
2.2.2.3 降低膽固醇15 2.2.2.4 預防骨質疏鬆17 2.2.2.5 改善腸胃道機能19 2.2.2.6 去除自由基及抗氧化19 2.2.2.7 預防高血壓19
2.2.2.8 抗癌作用21 2.3 幾丁質之介紹21 2.3.1 結構21 2.3.2 物化特性25
2.3.3 分子量的測定方式25 2.3.4 去乙醯化程度的測定方式26 2.3.5 生理上的應用28
2.3.6 抑菌作用29
2.3.7 食品上的應用30 2.3.8 化工上的應用31 2.3.9 廢水處理方面的應用31 2.3.10 生物技術上的應用32 2.3.11 生醫材料上的應用32 3. 材料與方法35
3.1 實驗材料35 3.1.1 幾丁聚醣35 3.1.2 菌株37 3.1.3 藥品37
3.3 實驗材料之製備37 3.3.1 培養基37
3.3.2 幾丁聚醣溶液配製38 3.3.3 枯草桿菌之前培養38 3.4 實驗方法38
3.5 枯草桿菌抑菌率之計算39 4. 結果與討論40
4.1 含有1%枯草桿菌之培養40
4.1.1幾丁聚醣對枯草桿菌生長之探討40 4.1.2幾丁聚醣對枯草桿菌抑制率之探討44 4.2 含有5%枯草桿菌之培養47
4.2.1幾丁聚醣對枯草桿菌生長之探討47 4.2.2幾丁聚醣對枯草桿菌抑制率之探討47 5. 結論53
參考文獻55 圖目錄
圖2-1 血栓溶解酵素在人工血栓平板上作用之情形9 圖2-2 血塊的形成11
圖2-3 納豆激?在血栓溶解系統中所扮演的角色13 圖2-4 納豆激?在血栓溶解系統中直接與間接作用14 圖2-5 納豆的抗菌作用16
圖2-6 觀察攝取三種不同含量之維生素K2後血清之變化18 圖2-7 納豆激?對血壓值之影響20
圖2-8 幾丁質生物體內的排列方式24 圖2-9 幾丁質及幾丁聚醣結構比較24 圖3-1 幾丁聚醣分子量之分析圖譜36
圖4-1 探討添加0.005 g的幾丁聚醣對於1%枯草桿菌之生長影響41 圖4-2 探討添加0.01 g的幾丁聚醣對於1%枯草桿菌之生長影響42 圖4-3 探討添加0.02 g的幾丁聚醣對於1%枯草桿菌之生長影響42 圖4-4 探討添加0.04 g的幾丁聚醣對於1%枯草桿菌之生長影響43 圖4-5 探討添加0.06 g的幾丁聚醣對於1%枯草桿菌之生長影響43 圖4-6 探討添加0.005 g的幾丁聚醣對於1%枯草桿菌之抑制影響44 圖4-7 探討添加0.01 g的幾丁聚醣對於1%枯草桿菌之抑制影響45 圖4-8 探討添加0.02 g的幾丁聚醣對於1%枯草桿菌之抑制影響45 圖4-9 探討添加0.04 g的幾丁聚醣對於1%枯草桿菌之抑制影響46 圖4-10 探討添加0.04 g的幾丁聚醣對於1%枯草桿菌之抑制影響46 圖4-11 探討添加0.01 g的幾丁聚醣對於5%枯草桿菌之生長影響48 圖4-12 探討添加0.02 g的幾丁聚醣對於5%枯草桿菌之生長影響49 圖4-13 探討添加0.04 g的幾丁聚醣對於5%枯草桿菌之生長影響49 圖4-14 探討添加0.06 g的幾丁聚醣對於5%枯草桿菌之生長影響50 圖4-15 探討添加0.01 g的幾丁聚醣對於5%枯草桿菌之抑制影響51 圖4-16 探討添加0.02 g的幾丁聚醣對於5%枯草桿菌之抑制影響51 圖4-17 探討添加0.04 g的幾丁聚醣對於5%枯草桿菌之抑制影響52
圖4-18 探討添加0.06 g的幾丁聚醣對於5%枯草桿菌之抑制影響52 表目錄
表 1-1 民國93~94年台灣地區國人十大死因原因排名2 表 2-1 主要的納豆菌株7
表 2-2 納豆菌的抗菌作用16 表 3-1 幾丁聚醣之分子量35 參考文獻
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