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以幾丁聚醣製備奈米鉑粒子之研究 陳農恩、?耀國

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以幾丁聚醣製備奈米鉑粒子之研究 陳農恩、?耀國

E-mail: 9511321@mail.dyu.edu.tw

摘 要

本研究利用幾丁聚醣具吸附金屬離子之能力與以氫氧化鈉為還原劑,將鉑奈米化之研究。首先分別將不同濃度幾丁聚醣酸 溶液於不同濃度氫氧化鈉溶液中伴隨高速均質下製成16種鹼性幾丁聚醣懸浮液,再加入六氯化鉑溶液可製得幾丁聚醣比鉑 單體莫耳比分別為1:1(CS1/Pt)、3:1(CS3/Pt)、5:1(CS5/Pt)、7:1(CS7/Pt)與pH值分別為12.3、13.5、13.8及14.3之幾丁 聚醣-鉑複合懸浮液。利用分光光度計分析,得知隨著幾丁聚醣單體莫耳比與氫氧化鈉濃度增加可使鉑離子的還原反應加 速。將製得之鹼性複合懸浮液以透析法除去游離離子後,以原子吸收光譜分析,得知隨著幾丁聚醣單體莫耳比增加,其鉑 粒子回收率有增加之趨勢,以AEM分析得知隨著幾丁聚醣比鉑之單體莫耳比與氫氧化鈉濃度增加,會縮小鉑粒子生成之粒 徑,此外中性複合物中鉑粒子之平均粒徑均小於5 nm。中性複合物經600℃裂解30分鐘可去除幾丁聚醣,而獲得鉑奈米粒 子,並以FESEM觀察可得到直徑小於20 nm之鉑粒子。

關鍵詞 : 幾丁聚醣 ; 氫氧化鈉 ; 奈米鉑

目錄

封面內頁 簽名頁 授權書iii 中文摘要iv 英文摘要v 致謝vi 目錄vii 圖目錄ix 表目錄xi 第一章 前言1 第二章 文獻回顧2 2.1 鉑的 特性與應用2 2.2 幾丁質與幾丁聚醣3 2.2.1幾丁質與幾丁聚醣之分子結構3 2.2.2幾丁質與幾丁聚醣之製備方法6 2.2.3幾丁質 與幾丁聚醣之特性7 2.2.4幾丁聚醣對金屬離子之應用8 2.3 奈米科技11 2.3.1奈米材料定義11 2.3.2奈米尺寸效應13 2.3.3奈米 化技術13 2.3.4金屬奈米粒子之檢測方法16 2.3.5以還原法將鉑奈米化之相關研究17 第三章 材料與方法20 3.1 實驗材料20 3.2 實驗儀器21 3.3 實驗流程與製備方法22 3.3.1氯化鉑溶液之配製23 3.3.2幾丁聚醣懸浮液製備23 3.3.3幾丁聚醣-鉑複合物懸浮 液製備24 3.3.4奈米鉑粒子之製備26 3.4 樣本分析26 第四章 結果與討論30 4.1鹼性幾丁聚醣-鉑複合物懸浮液製備過程之探 討30 4.2幾丁聚醣吸附鉑粒子能力之探討39 4.2.1檢量線製作與樣本製備探討39 4.2.2產率分析與討論40 4.2.3流失原因之探 討41 4.3中性幾丁聚醣-鉑複合物懸浮液之粒徑探討46 4.4奈米鉑粒子之製備與分析51 第五章 結論58 參考文獻59 圖目錄 圖2.1(a)纖維素、(b)幾丁質和(c)幾丁聚醣之分子結構5 圖2.2幾丁聚醣(A)分子內、(B)分子間與金屬離子螯合情形10 圖2.3奈米 材料分為(a)奈米粒子;(b)奈米線;(c)奈米薄膜12 圖3.1實驗流程圖22 圖4.1幾丁聚醣-鉑複合物懸浮液之吸收光譜圖-1 33 圖4.2幾丁聚醣-鉑複合物懸浮液之吸收光譜圖-2 34 圖4.3幾丁聚醣-鉑複合物懸浮液之吸收光譜圖-3 35 圖4.4幾丁聚醣-鉑複 合物懸浮液之吸收光譜圖-4 36 圖4.5不同pH值及幾丁聚醣比鉑之單體莫耳比對鉑離子還原反應完成之時間關係圖38 圖4.6 (A) 鹼性幾丁聚醣-鉑複合物之AEM分析及(B) 粒徑分析圖(樣本CS7/Pt C)42 圖4.7 鉑標準品的檢量線圖43 圖4.8不同莫耳 比及pH製備之複合物懸浮液經透析後鉑產率之關係圖45 圖4.9 (A) 幾丁聚醣-複合物之AEM分析及(B) 粒徑分析圖(樣 本CS1/Pt C)48 圖4.10幾丁聚醣-鉑複合物之電子繞射圖(A) CS3/Pt D,(B) CS7/Pt D49 圖4.11鉑粒子FESEM分析圖-1 52 圖4.12鉑粒子FESEM分析圖-2 53 圖4.13鉑粒子FESEM分析圖-3 54 圖4.14鉑粒子FESEM分析圖-4 55 圖4.15熱裂解製程之奈 米鉑EDS分析圖(A)CS1/Pt A,(B)CS1/Pt D57 表目錄 表2.1幾丁質與幾丁聚醣產品之應用領域9 表2.2材料尺度之分類12 表2.3鉑粒子奈米化製備之相關研究18 表2.4幾丁聚醣穩定鉑與鈀奈米粒子之粒徑與分佈表19 表3.1幾丁聚醣-鉑複合懸浮液 配方表25 表4.1不同pH值及幾丁聚醣比鉑之單體莫耳比對鉑離子還原反應完成之時間關係表37 表4.2不同莫耳比及pH值對 鉑透析後產率之關係表44 表4.3中性複合物的鉑粒子粒徑分析表50 表4 . 4奈米鉑粒子粒徑分析表56

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