• 沒有找到結果。

椋嶋紺紅凍春ュ印ピ淫旱泯複鍵屡幾 Optical Inspection for Mass-production Asphere

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2022

Share "椋嶋紺紅凍春ュ印ピ淫旱泯複鍵屡幾 Optical Inspection for Mass-production Asphere "

Copied!
53
0
0

加載中.... (立即查看全文)

全文

(1)

パ棒ス旱 圦シ扨δ

椋嶋紺紅凍春ュ印ピ淫旱泯複鍵屡幾 Optical Inspection for Mass-production Asphere

忌 袈 会 刎朦ツ甫旱忌圦シ誓 旱侏均浦 E09901010 挟暹益 拶昊綴槌 絵丈怯綴槌

パ棒庵単 101 堰 1 κ

(2)

咫 輯

紅凍春淫旱ュ印テ帷現匂汢夷計彈河疾朦 秒幟紺α朦 姦幀朦暮嶋困 綾扨δМ圦 シ扎甫袈旱ピ刔場昊扨壹刔場汢夷 淫刎ツ甫雌湛瓏 肘Ь屡姜も銅他吮椋嶋紺紅凍 春ュ印ピ淫旱泯複彳力印鼓唸踊 窮究伯庇女盛狒 將雌蚤迎ュ印 春堊裁嬰3µmМ ョ 菊剏複窮銅瓜春陸嶋囲ド是逓舛 女会ュ印椀兪頂他鳥篳奄ィ甥ュ慌春搜呱岫Ε 紅鳥篳奄鼓ド是岫椋複春堊裁М惓荒窮春堊裁兒居も緊堊裁τ力 痴渥Э壹渥Ы鼓恵 故春蚤秡銅瓜ピ阪 祀吽嬰銅瓜鳥篳春ウм嶋囲ド是逓舛 吮計Э春鼓紅凍春ュ印м 夷渥Ы鼓蚤秡泯複 Ζピ育糞 吮計椋嶋紺鼓紅凍春ュ印м滞釜納泯複 菊м阪絳猥 嬢汢夷 杵凹η奄酸唸演仮啄淫旱泯複忌撞

穗燬液:紅凍春 ド是 ィ甥ュ慌春搜呱岫

(3)

ABSTRACT

Aspherical optical elements have been widely used in digital cameras, smart phones, projectors and other products. This paper proposed to develop a set of model for optical inspection of the mass-production aspherical components which have the following characteristics: need to be transparent components, surface accuracy within 3µm and their combined interface will produce interference fringes. Each component was measured through both of the probe contact measurement with 3D profiler and non-contact inspection with interferometer. It has shown that combined the convex and concave parabolic lens will generate interference fringes on the contact surface. The interference fringes are available for rapid detection the concave aspheric lens with convex aspheric lens, and vice versa, the same. Follow-up this method may architecture a automatic optical inspection systems for the mass-production of asphere as expansion of the application.

Keywords: Aspherical, interference, 3D profiler

(4)

娟 炬

綾扨δ瀦М杢回額演 輯盛会謡炬絵丈怯鷹綴槌壹陵当遍綴槌鼓寵Χ拶昊 吮計旱尼 屡幾η春鼓椿遍 胖栢渫倥袷惓鼓屡幾η鍵壹咐裁 嬰凹儒ウ聡Χ鼓謡杣壹炬蒲

謡炬絵丈怯鷹綴槌嬰淫旱ツ甫 陵当遍綴槌嬰ASAP淫旱妊酋 門父幎牡錠嬰刔場昊 扨壹刔場汢夷 歇很牡錠嬰MATLAB幀勗捺刀МΕ杯疣在牡錠嬰煮刈修δ巒霞η春 鼓拶昊 綾愍扨δョ剰崩瓜袈旱 吮旱篤兪甫パ拶昊兪栢鼓扁河牡錠筵ウ吏蓉

謡炬旱巾於靴穀鼓劑殫壹バ獨р殲扨δ眠裁 МΕ嘘吃購剥 載隼壹却罷嬰紅凍春姜 霞壹泯複鼓許快

謡炬ョり幟孝И冊丈瀧Εタズ丈岫仮И旱篤 胖栢粉阪緡ピ幵 瀦М池Χ厩旱 杢回 額演凹愍扨δ

(5)

畏 橙

咫輯 i

ABSTRACT ii

娟炬 iii

畏橙 iv

慌畏橙 vi

卍畏橙 vi

陶も梅 墟扨 1

1.1 紅凍春 1

1.1.1 紅凍春鼓ロ穽 1

1.1.2 紅凍春鼓殕狒. 2 1.1.3 紅凍春鼓演紺ツ磆 2 1.1.4 杵晟將看樔晰演紺η鍵. 4

1.2 軒啄淫旱 4

1.2.1 刔場 4

1.2.2 刔場嶋囲鼓床刀 6

1.2.2.1 供杣權場 6

1.2.2.2 金椋Ζ痍 7

1.2.2.3 仁免疾ド勲 8 1.2.2.4 梧免疾ド勲 9

1.3 淫ド是 10

1.3.1 暮矢ド是 13

1.3.2 暮鵠ド是 15

1.4 秡ω慌春困擔 19

陶ら梅 δ筵荏緡 20

2.1 紅凍春妊酋 姜覗壹泯複疾穗δ筵 20

2.2 屡幾啄朦 28

2.3 扨δ酸唸 28

陶ィ梅 屡幾η鍵壹吽聳妊酋 29

3.1 屡幾η鍵 29

3.2 恵故春秡姜霞 30

3.3 頂他奄慌春搜呱岫泯複 31

3.4 Fizeau ド是岫泯複 35

陶я梅崩穴壹走扨 38

4.1 頂他奄慌春搜呱泯複崩穴 38

4.2 ド是岫泯複崩穴 40

(6)

4.3 鳥篳奄壹紅鳥篳奄椋複崩穴π儕 41

4.4 銅瓜鳥篳春ド是 42

陶ペ梅 崩扨 43

琢乙δ筵 44

(7)

慌 畏 橙

慌 2.1 紅凍春椋複η鍵盛勲鼓π儕 27

慌 3.1 UA3P鼓ィ址紺侏壹勲粗乳遂慌 31

慌 4.1 渥Э壹渥Ы恵故春蚤秡ロ会計鳥篳奄壹紅鳥篳奄鼓椋複崩穴 41

卍 畏 橙

卍 1.1 紅凍春壹由橈鋼彈ピ穗鋼 1

卍 1.2 刔場隠浸訪銅演 6

卍 1.3 淫軒浸匪壹疾河耨ン 8

卍 1.4 渥寡渥春健鼓暮矢ド是淫僮卍 13

卍 1.5 澹慵鼓暮鵠ド是淫僮卍 15

卍 1.6 Б剋淕鼓暮鵠ド是淫僮殖 16

卍 1.7 Б剋淕暮鵠ド是庇花緯蓉卍 16

卍 1.8 Б剋淕吽逆 17

卍 1.9 Б剋淕ド是卍 17

卍 1.10 渥Э蚤秡怯渥春蚤秡ピ免庇花穗鋼 18

卍 1.11 慌春叶嫂ピPV曙壹RMS曙 19

卍 2.1 裕憖場Ь鼓紅凍春慌春叶嫂娼春卍 20 卍 2.2 Fizeau紺疾謄凍春ド是吽聳忌撞 20

卍 2.3 紅凍春壹琢乙凍春鼓穗鋼卍 21

卍 2.4 凍春複倡忌撞鼓婬譲卍 21

卍 2.5 湊吮坏紅凍春Яツ朦朦唸卍 22

卍 2.6 湊吮坏紅凍春慌春春叶薗慳泱瓜卍 22

卍 2.7 紅凍春寔壕怯梳壕朦唸 23

卍 2.8 ツ印壹屡梳搜免鼓鳥篳庇花徃紺 23

卍 2.9 慌春叶嫂椋複忌撞 23

卍 2.10 紅凍春慌春叶嫂徃紺婬譲 24

卍 2.11 Яツ湊袷域計慌春叶嫂鼓朦唸η奄 24

卍 2.12 野撞瘴湊奄椋複忌撞酸唸 25

卍 2.13 Яウ琢乙凍春鼓李奄CGH椋複酸唸 25

卍 2.14 夷計椋複紅凍春鼓CGH卍彖 25

卍 2.15 李奄CGH忌撞複瀦鼓ド是卍彖 26

卍 2.16 紅凍春耀蚤秡聚耀荊ス卍 26

卍 2.17(a)-(d) 熟載鼓紅凍春耀蚤秡 3D 慌春搜呱Ε薗倒ё殖泱瓜鼓崩 26

(8)

卍 2.18 紅凍春壹琢乙凍春鼓ロ剣卍 27

卍 2.19 М凍春軒椋複紅凍春鼓崩穴 27

卍 3.1 紅凍春恵故春塗姜霞壹泯複枝甫卍 30

卍 3.2 痔恃演紺朦 31

卍 3.3 UA3P椋複忌撞酸唸卍 34

卍 3.4 頂他朦唸卍 34

卍 3.5 床セゑ椋複床刀緯蓉卍 35

卍 3.6 Fizeauド是岫忌撞緯蓉卍 35

卍 3.7 ド是岫複椋緯蓉卍 37

卍 3.8 挽寒榜等狒鼓吽聳酸唸 37

卍 3.9 椋複Ы春秡仁 痴秡飾櫛о謄啄何Ь唐袈將ド是逓舛河丕 37 卍 4.1 渥Э恵故春蚤秡鼓鳥篳奄椋複崩穴 38 卍 4.2 渥Ы恵故春蚤秡鼓鳥篳奄椋複崩穴 39 卍 4.3 渥Э恵故春蚤秡鼓紅鳥篳奄椋複崩穴 40 卍 4.4 渥Ы恵故春蚤秡鼓紅鳥篳奄椋複崩穴 41

卍 4.5 恵故春銅瓜汐春ウ鼓ド是逓舛 42

(9)

陶も梅 陶も梅 陶も梅

陶も梅 墟扨 墟扨 墟扨 墟扨

綾扨δ鋼湛計軒啄淫旱腟狒 遍嬢も紹伍腟俺釜納鼓紅凍春春堊裁鼓泯複η鍵 回夷 屡姜も銅恵故春秡聳祀η鍵鼓м寡勲壹吽夷勲 綾梅鷲吮扨δョ剰是Ε鼓紅凍春 刔 場淫 淫ド是Ε秡ω慌春困擔暮ョ殿Ε湛綾床刀霞瓷輯柊柔

1.1 紅凍春 紅凍春 紅凍春 紅凍春

紅凍春蚤秡惨薗倒ё殖檣肪パΧ湊俺耨ン 夷М干眠淫旱困擔 封Ν淫旱ュ印彈畏 峻峨妊酋演綾 疾吮計凍春蚤秡究鉛枸盛鼓殕愈 雲凹嬰淫旱岫斛 卍勗 淫刎セツ 率究鉛帷現鼓汢夷 逆詠α朦 彈河疾朦 淫圖彝荊斛 姦幀朦 堆面聚耀秡暮

1.1.1 紅凍春鼓ロ穽

...

8+ x 8 a 6+ x 6 a 4+ x 4 a 2+ x 2 a + x2 k)c2 + (1 - 1 + 1

cx2

=

Z 卍 1.1 紅凍春壹由橈鋼彈ピ穗鋼

c 紅凍春ピパΧ薗倒

k 由橈鋼彈(Conic constant)

(10)

a2 a4 a6... 堆甥目鋼彈

杵晟由橈鋼彈鼓バ嘘мス儒沢ロ雌 K 0 凍春

K -1 恵故春 -1 K 曵由春 K -1 瘻薗春

1.1.2 紅凍春鼓殕狒

a 鋤袷凍譲

紅凍春蚤秡夷М蒜媛凍春蚤秡 白聚肪鼓殕狒嬰計мМ鋤袷凍春蚤秡嬰力伍怯壓焚忌 撞パ袈仲丘鼓凍譲 凍譲昊儒演勗徃愨 嚢兪扛暝薗春中彈怯紅凍春鋼彈 紅凍春蚤 秡мМス匪雀柁凍譲 嚢中鎚夷ィω凍春蚤秡 嵳ス鉛辛焚味 夷計雀柁凍譲 迦惨 鎚夷もω堆彈曙Μ殖 保焚味鼓紅凍春蚤秡晩мМ吽唐 菊Ж瓷ン忌撞鼓妊酋怯嵳Я 淫嚢椋

b 忌撞汢夷鼓殕愈

紅凍春蚤秡瓷ンよ淫旱ツ甫錠雌よ肘堆淫旱困擔袈輯乙椋鼓溌ュ 嘘仁肘堆よ忌撞鼓 矮緊勲 逆詠嬰耨焚忌撞パ 雲乙椋肘堆朦禎剰譲 癨唖銅俤甫渇壹肘堆萱Ζ場燔慵 嚢中鎚夷 10 ω群醐慣泳鼓蚤秡 糞俺 1 ω群醐 2 ω紅凍春蚤秡晩мМ吽唐穽貨群慣 英鼓淫旱困擔 苧俺封タ忌撞Οゾ 肘堆演綾倒 峻峨忌撞鼓堋瓜演綾

1.1.3 紅凍春鼓演紺ツ磆

紅凍春鼓姜覗メ糞將蚤兪演紺 屡梳Ε恵淫姜甫 演紺η鍵鉛Мイ庇址

(11)

堊恥痔恃徃覗演紺 惨痴痔恃柑針Я恁何痔恃痍媛陵裁 Tg Мウ客窮究鉛м裕勲 嚢兪紅凍春徃究丘演紺 糞阪脳甘介酷何宰陵 畏拷 堊恥痔恃徃覗演紺 供術計妊 伯菊バ掀夷計伍殖ス計 10 mm 鼓紅凍春蚤秡 迦惨 李鼓妊伯 淫旱痔恃怯椋複刈 尼牝遍 派嬰墜啄伜目刈尼鼓遍嬢 堊恥痔恃徃毋演紺 牆糞嬰妊酋恒蛭仁雲堆堊恥 鼓徃究牝遍俺演綾儕堆 迦惨徃究演紺阪 囲嶋鼓堆困擔嶋困мМ緕渥拷蛭鼓牝遍演 綾 盛会掀瓜計將輯ス椋囲嶋

b 堊恥恵淫演紺

屡梳怯恵淫も叢掀夷計も甥囲嶋溌ω紅凍春蚤秡 檣肪刈尼鼓肘堆 窮堊裁慢丘慢 堆 白雌聚肪 堊力恵淫尉刎亰彈曙跳拒斛 CNC 眠寡跳拒 仮啄扛暝М吽唐琢彈 殕ン 詠穴將輯慣堆困擔鼓恵淫 團枝耨恵淫 magneto-rheological finishing 痴匂鎚 夷 團枝耨恵淫疾吮計彳力恵淫俺季 究鉛慣堆鼓勲粗怯慣保鼓仁免 堊恥恵淫演紺 將輯池率鼓妊伯 畏拷惨彖困姜霞怯タ刊椋倡彖鼓殉輯樔晰

c 戍瓜演紺

戍瓜演紺惨М凍春蚤秡雌湛瓏 嚢兪紅凍春徃究嬰凍春蚤秡慌春毋罟菊鎚夷捧唖淫狂 ンウも巖堆ロセ壓瓜故鼓紅凍春聰 戍瓜演紺も叢鎚夷雀嘉譲凍春蚤秡雌湛柑 慌春 毋罟も巖紅凍春 夷М吽唐嘘仁雀柁嘉譲怯凍譲 戍瓜演紺紅凍春蚤秡 掀夷計嘘 仁雀柁嘉譲怯凍譲Ε椋嶋姜覗鼓將看

d 裕憖場Ь演紺

柁よ痔恃柑擔鼓紅凍春蚤秡 熕疫嬰裕憖柑擔鼓紅凍春蚤秡 裕憖場Ь演紺 惨痴嚀 椹鼓裕針献場れ紅凍春徃究パ 疾吮計痔恃 裕針鼓恁矮緊勲怯萱毋勲儕譲 將輯椀 兪盛会捺刀 М瀦居穽貨鼓紅凍春蚤秡 糞俺 裕針紅凍春蚤秡白ス鼓盛狒惨演綾峨 熟椋嬋 軽演紺 帷現汢夷計淫旱困擔掀パ 恁矮緊勲バ潰謡鼓判瓜

(12)

1.1.4 杵晟將看樔晰演紺η鍵

姥址穽紺鼓紅凍春蚤秡 派鉛窮仮軌鼓疾吮殕狒 雲凹他吮バ嘘鼓汢夷 樔晰瓜掀鼓 嶋困晩唐瀦材熟輯 И輯鼓乙幢雲薦 б殺 椋嶋 困擔怯演綾

a 堊恥痔恃演紺紅凍春蚤秡 究鉛刊椋ン囲嶋怯恁矮緊勲堆鼓盛狒 掀瓜計刊椋ス 困擔堆 恁矮緊勲堆鼓判瓜

b 堊恥恵淫演紺紅凍春蚤秡 究鉛斡彖粍蛭保怯バ將輯徃究鼓盛狒 掀瓜計彖困姜霞 怯タ刊椋倡彖鼓判瓜

c 貼瓜演紺紅凍春蚤秡 究鉛凍譲怯嘉譲嘘仁笥力鼓盛狒 掀瓜計巍鼓淫礬汢夷 刊 椋ス 困擔輯看堆鼓判瓜

d 裕針演紺紅凍春蚤秡 究鉛演綾峨怯熟椋嬋鼓盛狒 掀瓜計刊椋ス 困擔掀パ 恁 矮緊勲輯看バ堆鼓判瓜

1.2 軒啄淫旱

ア坏故刀淫旱 惨淫旱鼓も女ロγ 屡幾鼓惨淫鼓湛綾糒勲 野彝乳冴怯淫壹窮Р故 擔ピ免鼓域ベ霞夷 窮パ鼓ド是 甌場壹黛浸唐柾惨М庇花淫旱粉鍵倥籔鼓

1.2.1

刔場

刔場 LASER 惨 Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation 鼓修δ液安 溥巒 惨拶煽匪櫻倒鼓淫權場慳 嚢兪供杣權場荊ス怯隠浸 嶋囲究伯力伍勲 溌嘉

(13)

勲壹疾ド勲鼓淫憾鼓兪甫 湛綾ウ 嶋囲刔場將輯 隠浸崩唸 嵳跡ャ擔 Ε 杣 遍丘療 之ィ女輯薦

1958 堰 釈単煮旱丈 Schawlow 怯 Townes 遍唐よも址戦驚鼓唐柾 烈Р署痴奥淫枡 玄袈遍場鼓淫麟嬰も址輔ザ廟聰ウ仁 廟聰鼓ロセ陸遍Ь犢胱鼓 勤鴇陸壓嬰も側鼓 註淫 厨晟之も唐柾 Р署肘Ьよ"刔場床刀" 懐故擔嬰供居壹窮ロセ狂鉛浸椡櫻倒 疾嘘鼓粗椋杣遍仁 派陸嶋囲之址バ遍氷鼓註淫--刔場 Р署雌凹遍慌よ熟輯扨δ 菊淙瀦 1964 堰鼓槎規嚮故刀旱恊

Schawlow 怯 Townes 鼓屡幾演穴遍慌ピ阪 姥単煮旱丈鮮鮮肘Ь姥址吽聳η須 迦派 鮎淙演а 1960 堰 5 κ 16 θ 釈単Я回坎逢桔厭芋票吽聳宰鼓煮旱丈諦託塞握淙瀦 よ軒構雌 0.6943 耀億鼓借笳維刔場 之惨り穽鉛щМ丘淙瀦鼓陶も憾刔場 諦託雲 俺ガ演雌Е汐ウ陶も女痴刔場Φれ吽夷尢坦鼓煮旱丈

1960 堰 7 κ 7 θ 諦託塞握Е汐ウ陶もы刔場斛尉戲囲 諦託鼓η須惨 回夷も女 堆註詑淫枡坿 丘去杣借笳維 尉計借笳維窮吽嬰故刀ウш惨も址哽鉛宦床セ鼓小 伊 袈М烈借笳維供居去杣仁 晩陸遍Ьも址借淫 嬰も予慌春燔ウΖ淫秡鼓借笳維 鼓慌春臺も女Μ 客借淫мМ苧之女Μ寮Ь 苧俺嶋囲も逓疾烈耗パ鼓耋萄借嘉淫 纂 烈姶場厩讃も狒仁 м客窮兒居πΚ摸慌春熕堆鼓陵裁

(14)

1.2.2 刔場嶋囲鼓床刀

卍 1.2 刔場隠浸訪銅演 И輯杷印

1 私綵刔場ャ擔 2 淫脂澄粗椋 3 堆Ζ場倒Ζ場秡 4 槲Ьа倒慝瓜斛 5 刔場淫憾

1.2.2.1 供杣權場

刎セ鼓儼啄枯咐мМロ雌バ嘘鼓粗面 刎セ苧堆粗面厩峨粗面綵掏仁 陸籔荊 Ь疾汢粗椋鼓刎團軒 袈槊仮遍權場 も叢鼓遍淫聰パ 之喫刎セ籔荊淫セ 鼓啄霞惨檣朦鼓 袈籔荊Ь鼓淫セガ間鉛疾嘘鼓盛勲 逆詠痺方枡遍Ь鼓淫 烈唖Я粗椋М刎判 淫セ ン旱暮η奄献れ居も女粗面忌撞菊雌ピ外燕鼓偃 陸昊儒刎セ苧峨粗面厩堆粗面綵掏 供杣外燕 烈仮遍權場嶋囲鼓淫セ浪居 之喫雲唖Я粗椋俺綵ウ堆粗面鼓刎セ仁 之喫堆粗面鼓刎セ陸雲供婢昊俺掏居 峨粗面菊籔荊Ь淫セ 供杣權場 供杣權場鼓袈鉛淫旱盛勲僭床丘鼓仮遍權 場б殺 櫻倒 疾河 拷眠η厩暮陸惨も彖鼓 之喫供杣權場鼓淫セ浪居窮Р

(15)

雲唖Я粗椋俺綵ウ堆粗面鼓刎セ仁 ア陸韻嶋慣泳嘘彖鼓淫セ 白阪淫鼓註裁 慢丘慢ス 懐淫慳匂荊スよ 俺壹も叢鼓淫バ嘘鼓惨袈鉛鼓淫セ派鉛疾嘘鼓 櫻倒 疾河 拷眠η厩

輯滞居淫荊ス 晩輯嶋囲も女堆粗面刎セπ峨粗椋遷刎セ彈畏泳鼓淕卩 懐金 椋Ζ痍 之彖ネ鉛朦陸胖堆粗面刎セ浪ウ淫セ丘籔荊李鼓淫セ 俺バ惨檣朦籔 荊

も叢刔場遍嶋囲斛鉛ィ女湛綾輯薦

杣遍丘療 pumping source 侃粗椋虐法峨粗面鼓刎セ 杣遍客窮演雌 堆粗面刎セ 粗椋虐法鼓η奄鉛刎乍荊刎 淫セ ン旱霞夷…

嵳跡ャ擔 gain medium 匂杣遍 籔荊淫セ鼓刎セ袈嬰鼓故擔 窮故 刀盛勲陸幀緲袈嶋囲刔場鼓軒構暮盛勲

隠浸訪 optical cavity/optical resonator 惨球春ベ疾渥寡鼓秡セ も春 陰Ζ場 も春ёΖ場 霞夷惨侃淫慳嬰Ζ場秡免丘荏Ζ場 畏鼓惨客匂杣遍鼓 淫椀兪嵳跡ャ擔泳甥М瀦居起綻鼓荊ス 烈荊ス居мМ者蚤ёΖ場秡仁 刔場 肱苧ёΖ場秡遍場Ьл 雲凹 凹ёΖ場秡ガ匂坏雌槲Ь慝瓜秡 output coupler 球秡春ピ免鼓味瘴ガ吮槲Ь鼓刔場軒構鉛肪樔晰霞夷 ш鉛嬰球秡 春ピ免鼓味瘴粗嶋囲隠浸鼓軒構ネ粗嶋囲刔場

1.2.2.2 金椋Ζ痍 population inversion

嬰も女ら遷忌撞パ も女刎セ仮峨粗面厩堆粗面綵掏怯仮堆粗面厩峨粗面綵掏 鼓朦倒惨も彖鼓 雌よ兒居淫荊ス鼓霞夷 嬰堆粗面梓勿鉛慣泳鼓刎セ 客瀦 供杣權場遍囲鼓朦倒慣堆 之女枯咐坏雌金椋Ζ痍 尉計之女床雲 袈ММ淫 セ杣遍鼓ら遷忌撞惨粉鍵吽唐刔場鼓 袈М刔場も叢惨М嚢兪ィ遷忌撞怯я遷 忌撞瀦居吽唐 嬰ィ遷忌撞パ 刎セ供杣綵掏居堆粗面阪 肱材釜痍雌桔矮咐 尉凹刔場ャ擔匂杣遍雌堆粗咐 吽唐金椋Ζ痍

(16)

1.2.2.3 仁免疾ド勲

卍 1.3 淫軒浸匪壹疾河耨ン

檣肪仁免 鼓耨ン 嬰仁免 ョ も女疾河聚肪籤謄鼓軒鼓浸匪 借嘉 壹寓槫よ 仁免 鼓浸匪 塲嘉 嬰咽花妊緊仁免 借嘉軒陸壹寓槫鼓塲嘉戍姜軒ベ疾ド 是 м惨尉計もё鼓仁免 借嘉軒壹塲嘉軒嘘疾河 ч唖もё仁免 球女軒東疾河 袈М 吮計之女寓槫 檣肪仁免 渥鈎鼓ド是暮計刪

仁免疾ド勲惨淫軒溌嘉勲鼓も址Ζ参 詠穴淫軒鼓溌嘉勲慢英轟姶究鉛慢英鼓仁免疾 ド勲 ガ晩惨婉 吮計も右淫軒 痴姶寓槫も志仁免阪韻痴窮壹仮軌寓槫阪鼓弧綾遍 囲ド是 詠穴寓槫鼓之志仁免懐客材ス 俺姶メ糞粗壹仮軌遍囲ド是 轟坏之右軒群 吮汢鼓軒療鉛材英鼓仁免疾ド勲 吮計竭遂鼓粉術構溌嘉軒 粉扨寓槫泳オ姶メ糞粗 壹仮軌遍囲ド是 俺吮計吽寶鼓鉛術構軒右満兪も志盛緊仁免ピ阪轟粉鍵遍囲ド是 之志仁免匂坏霞疾ド仁免 姶ガ晩惨之右淫軒鼓冊絳仁免 厨晟緊丼 柊柔仁免疾ド 勲鼓η鍵懐雌仮疾穗糾彈

妊鉛術構軒右 窮冊絳仁免雌 懐烈 仁

吮之女軒右滞萩衣仭耨媛 м瀦姶鼓櫻礬雌

(17)

之女桿ロ鼓崩穴惨も女珮もン鼓 Sinc 糾彈 俺櫻礬鼓徃渥η а倒礬 吮汢

肪淫註 苧糾彈м午淫註鼓陶も女刪曙吮汢肪

苧俺瀦居之右鉛術構軒右鼓櫻倒愡蛤 懐軒右鼓櫻倒愡蛤攻貨雌軒右冊

絳仁免鼓緒彈 吃吽ウ 吽寶鼓淫軒嗾起穗鋼 尉凹м午刔場鼓慳巍

ガ惨仁免疾ド勲鼓Ζ参 刔場鼓慳巍慢煽轟婉迎之憾刔場鼓仁免疾ド勲慢堆

苧疾ド仁免мМ眠も甘緊丼疾ド構裁 惨軒構鼓愡蛤 吮計

球右淫軒鼓淫甫譲鳥攻群ス計姶署鼓疾ド構裁仁 ド是辛汢痴穡М遍囲

1.2.2.4 梧免疾ド勲

梧免疾ド勲惨刎團軒野彝兪甫パ嬰梧免パ球狒鼓刎判疾穗甫裁鼓Ζ参 懐姶惨も址ベ 疾穗糾彈 詠穴も憾刎團軒嬰梧免パ野彝鼓嘘も軒堕春ウバ嘘狒鼓疾河屈凹免堆裁疾 穗 轟娉雌之憾刎團軒鉛材註鼓梧免疾ド勲 逆詠 嬰も憾刔場鼓昿哈春ウ 厩バ嘘 η厩浸渙鼓刎判嬰疾河耨ンウ惨堆裁も儒鼓 懐客之憾刔場鼓慳巍材巍苧俺バ究鉛材 英鼓仁免疾ド勲 梧免疾ド勲惨刔場粗綻荒冊堆裁η厩勲鼓穗燬雲薦

厨晟萩衣仭淫旱 軒療淫註嬰ら墹渥春ウ鼓ロ握鼓萩衣仭耨媛 懐惨ド是逓舛鼓м畿 裁糾彈 苧俺吮計慳巍雌 鼓猥嬢淫療 窮м畿裁惨も女 Sinc 糾彈 雲俺嬰味瘴雌 鼓軒堕春ウ 究鉛梧免疾ド勲鼓愡蛤攻貨м慌緯雌

(18)

之女味瘴匂坏雌疾ド免凭 尉凹м緊丼疾ドΜ殖祈 ガ晩惨婉嬰之女 愡蛤鼓淫判ョ 軒堕春ウ咽蓉球狒究鉛梧免疾ド勲

1.3 淫ド是

淫霞雌刎團軒 姶鼓註裁 緊丼雌嬰溌河仁免ョ 痕伍計野彝η厩ウ鼓溌河春桿ョ粗 椋吮仁免鼓渥鈎曙 懐 Poynting 吮仁免鼓渥鈎曙

苧俺淫註裁мМ夷 之女椋丘慌緯 吮計溌嘉淫軒判 刎判註裁 мМ巒雌

之俥 惨戍浸匪厩椋 嬰鐙з嚮伍祈各彳忌イмМ巒演ロ椋鼓叶奄

之俥 惨嬰ィ女ロ椋ウ鼓 吽 浸匪 吮計渥春軒 懐浸匪嬰姥女η

厩ウ惨中彈 惨嬰ィ女ロ椋ウ鼓疾河 Т慌黛浸鼓中彈

輯酋垳之女渥春軒鼓淫註 轟院酋垳刎判註裁鼓渥η

(19)

吮計嫐ス計も女挟蛭鼓仁免免凭ョ ウ奄パ拷球目鼓渥鈎曙派惨刪 雲凹淫註雌

吮計球右櫻倒疾嘘鼓溌嘉渥春軒 詠穴姶署嬰梧免パ讃狒遍囲熟纒 轟厨晟 纒Я床刀 伜狒鼓刎判註裁惨球醐鼓厩椋怯

轟嬰伜狒鼓淫註雌

窮パ 惨球右軒姥仮枸衣鼓淫註 俺 惨ド是目 栢署夷

慌緯球右軒鼓戍浸匪 轟ド是目パ мМ巒雌

拷球目吮仁免享渥鈎曙メ糞雌刪 苧俺ド是目吮淫註鼓促筵雌

厨晟拷春戍彈浸匪鼓緊丼 мМ嬰鐙з嚮各彳忌イロ倥雌

(20)

痴ロ椋叶奄Тれウ春ド是目鼓淫註 м瀦

徐収嬰姥女η厩ウ 球醐鼓疾河譲 派疾嘘菊Ж惨緊曙 懐

窮パ 惨溌嘉淫鼓軒構 惨球右軒居兒梧免パ嘘も狒鼓淫甫譲

凹仁ド是目吮淫註鼓促筵雌

淫軒惨刎厩椋痕伍計野彝η厩鼓昿軒 乙幢慳黛浸淫 刎厩椋河計 x 湊ウ 野彝η厩 雌 z 湊η厩 轟球右軒嬰窮Рη厩ウ鼓浸匪派雌刪

Тれ滸淫註リ奄

(21)

雲凹ド是阪鼓淫註惨疾河譲鼓糾彈 烈 δ = 0,2π,4π,...仁鉛劉ス曙

烈 δ = π,3π,5π,...仁鉛劉タ曙

盛会営 烈球右軒淫註疾嘘懐 仁 ウ春リ奄мン瓷雌

凹仁吮汢鼓劉ス曙雌 劉タ曙雌 0

聚糞 吮計バ嘘鼓ド是徴叶 嶋囲鼓劉ス曙怯劉タ曙譲東惨バ嘘鼓 尉凹мМ緊丼逓 舛鼓м畿裁 霞雌逓舛鉄評裁鼓裁椋

懐м畿裁鼓愡蛤雌 0 居 1 ピ免

1.3.1 暮矢ド是

卍 1.4 渥寡渥春健鼓暮矢ド是淫僮卍

詠о卍袈緯 も女溌嘉狒淫療 S 袈遍場鼓刎團軒れ場居も予蚤迎鼓渥寡渥春健ウ 嬰 渥寡渥春健鼓ウ慌春遍囲Ζ場怯喚場 俺喚場淫窮阪ア匂イ慌春Ζ場 Ζ場淫韻匂ウ

(22)

慌春喚場居床院ャ擔パ 之逓喚場淫梓糞陸壹чも逓伍鳥匂ウ慌春Ζ場鼓Ζ場淫熟瓜 計梧免パ讃も狒 尉計姶署派惨嘘も軒療遍Ь鼓刎團軒鼓も杷ロ 雲凹惨疾ド淫 之 仁陸叶演ド是逓舛 収淫療雌猥嬢淫療 も叢俺季ド是逓舛鼓м畿裁陸イ峻 迦収乙 幢球逓Ζ場淫渥寡鼓徴叶 懐熟瓜狒嬰粉術嫐捺 凹仁陸叶演暮矢ド是逓舛 厨晟庇 花穗鋼 球憾淫鼓淫甫譲мМ慌緯雌

窮パ 惨渥寡渥春健鼓喚場倒 惨挟蛤ャ擔鼓喚場倒 構裁мМ慌緯雌

窮パ 惨渥寡渥春健鼓鵠裁 惨れ場祈 惨喚場祈 球醐嗾起喚場緊冴

凹仁淫甫譲雌 吮汢鼓疾河譲雌 ч唖乙幢

居遍囲計ウ慌春群イ慌春鼓Ζ場疾河耨ン 疾河譲汢雌

厨晟ド是疾構怯疾雀鼓逓印 烈 m 惨暝彈仁鉛綱逓舛

俺烈 m 惨ё暝彈仁鉛梨逓舛

監も逓逓舛派吮汢も女盛緊鼓喚場祈/れ場祈 苧俺匂坏霞暮矢ド是 詠穴腟複η厩 痕伍計渥寡渥春健 轟мМ腟吼居も銅嘘Χ由鼓ド是逓舛 凹唖 苧渥寡渥春健イ 慌春蚤場鼓球憾渥寡淫ガ陸叶演暮矢ド是 迦尉計バ疫嬰Ζ場疾耨 疾河譲バ將輯轍 Я 目 苧俺昊儒蚤場淫鼓ド是逓舛鼓迎梨河丕壹Ζ場淫額陰疾Ζ

(23)

1.3.2 暮鵠ド是

卍 1.5 澹慵鼓暮鵠ド是淫僮卍

収暮矢ド是パ鼓渥寡渥春健球女慌春バ惨竭遂渥寡鼓 詠о卍袈緯 轟吮計溌嘉狒淫 療 S 鼓Ь場淫 窮ウイ慌春鼓Ζ場淫滸陸嬰梧免パ讃も狒 P ウ叶演ド是 凹仁之球憾 淫鼓淫甫譲мМ巒雌

穽貨営 惨挟蛤ャ擔鼓喚場倒 惨渥寡渥春健鼓喚場倒 も叢丘婉之女酋垳疾 烈骸穡 迦嬰渥寡渥春健起綻澹 Ж球春格祈起綻タ鼓徴叶イ 逆詠澹慵 淫甫譲 м攻貨瀦Ь雌

窮パ 惨澹慵嬰Ζ場狒 C 鼓鵠裁 惨嬰伜狒鼓Ζ場祈 苧俺吮汢鼓疾河譲

収淫療雌猥嬢淫療 轟陸客ド是淫嬰狒 P 鼓疾河譲愡蛤猥ス 苧俺昊儒逓舛м畿裁イ 峻 迦逆唖徴叶惨狒 P 河計澹慵慌春 凹仁吮苧猥嬢淫療姥狒Ь場鼓ド是淫俺季鵠裁

派惨疾嘘鼓 烈 耨ン愡蛤材タ仁 ド是逓印м巒雌

(24)

烈 m 雌暝彈仁鉛ド是劉ス m 雌ё暝彈仁鉛ド是劉タ 窮パ 惨吮猥嬢淫療姥狒

享渥鈎瀦居鼓 鼓渥鈎曙 俺 目鼓疫嬰惨乙幢居Ζ場疾耨 詠穴 惨中 彈 轟逓舛惨澹慵パ鵠裁雌中彈鼓狒鼓濃慳 之匂坏霞暮鵠逓舛 暮鵠ド是椀中匂夷 丘泯複淫旱慌春鼓鵠裁惨械鈎ヰ 吮袷れ場鼓徴叶 轟ド是劉タ逓印雌

懐吮計疾掉迎逓舛 嬰伜狒鼓鵠裁譲雌 収 慌春鵠裁抱吮鈎ヰ 轟嬰慌春ウ粉ド是逓舛

卍 1.6 Б剋淕鼓暮鵠ド是淫僮殖 卍 1.7 Б剋淕暮鵠ド是庇花緯蓉卍

暮鵠ド是鼓も女逆セ惨峽閲ド是 懐淫慳痕伍れ場居峽叶鼓澹慵ウ 収峽閲鼓喚場倒 雌 轟厨晟拷春崩扨ド是逓印雌

窮パ m 雌暝彈仁惨綱逓舛 m 雌ё暝彈仁惨梨逓舛 逓舛惨も銅渥寡計峽閲 秉鼓

渥寡慳 菊Ж 秉ウ惨刪遷梨舛 疾掉迎逓舛吮汢鼓鵠裁譲雲俺雌

(25)

卍 1.8 Б剋淕吽逆 卍 1.9 Б剋淕ド是卍

眠も甘м瀦Ь逓舛免味 窮パ 惨峽祈 懐峽閲ド是鼓逓舛暮免

暮鵠ド是鼓чも女肪浦逆セ惨Б剋淕 詠о卍袈緯 姶惨痴も女薗倒ё殖材ス鼓蚤秡 鼓Э慌春丕計も女痔恃渥春ウ 菊尉渥寡淫痕伍れ場俺叶演鼓ド是逓舛 凹仁Э蚤秡 怯痔恃渥春免鼓免寫叶演よ梧枢 喚場倒攻貨雌 1 雌ャ擔鼓峽閲 苧俺ド是逓印雌

窮パ m 雌暝彈仁惨綱逓舛 m 雌ё暝彈仁惨梨逓舛 窮ド 是逓舛惨も銅嘘Χ由 菊ЖパΧ雌刪遷梨舛

妊蚤秡鼓薗倒ё殖雌 轟逓舛ё殖 壹峽閲鵠裁 嗾起穗鋼

苧俺мМ瀦居ド是逓舛鼓ё殖雌 窮パ m 雌暝彈仁惨梨逓舛 m 雌ё 暝彈仁惨綱逓舛 尉凹м午Б剋淕苧パΧ厩唖逓舛鼓免凭慢丘慢恥

嬰淫旱ウ Б剋淕惨も女暮鵠澹慵ド是唐柾 痴も予渥Э蚤秡Э春鰭イ荊嬰も予渥春 蚤秡ウ 痴溌嘉淫伍場厩Э秡鼓渥春 мМ腟吼居も女女迎梨疾畿鼓由淕逓舛 収客 夷易淫 轟мМ腟吼居駐蒐枯鼓由淕駐嘉逓舛 Б剋淕唐柾惨尉渥Э蚤秡イЭ春怯渥

(26)

春蚤秡鼓ウ渥春 懐球蚤秡免鼓梧枢澹慵鼓ウイ慌春 袈ロ会Ζ場鼓淫慳嶋囲ド是鼓 崩穴 淫慳眠れ渥Э蚤秡居兒Э春眠れ梧枢仁 も杷ロ嬰伜汐春遍囲Ζ場 чも杷ロ 蚤場阪嬰イη鼓渥春蚤秡遍囲Ζ場 菊壹拷も憾Ζ場淫遍囲ド是 曙瀦献蓉鼓惨 阪 も甥Ζ場惨嬰梧枢 淫桃ャ擔 —痔恃 淫恥ャ擔 汐春ウ遍囲鼓 Ζ場淫遍囲ё軒 濫阿俺壹れ場淫Ζ疾

卍 1.10 渥Э蚤秡怯渥春蚤秡ピ免庇花穗鋼 渥Э蚤秡怯渥春蚤秡ピ免鼓梧免澹慵鼓味瘴

烈額陰疾構ド是遍囲仁

(27)

1.4 秡ω慌春困擔

溌も秡ω困擔嚢中夷春堊裁 PV 曙 Ε慌春同滕裁 RMS 球女琢彈丘慌緯 PV 曙惨慌春叶嫂鼓状稀曙 RMS 轟惨慌春叶嫂鼓鈎η厨曙 窮緊丼惨

y 惨椋複曙壹妊酋曙鼓譲 N 惨享彖狒滸彈

卍 1.11 慌春叶嫂ピ PV 曙壹 RMS 曙

(28)

陶ら梅 δ筵荏緡

2.1 紅凍春妊酋 姜覗壹泯複疾穗δ筵

鉛穗紅凍春鼓屡幾嚢中ロ雌妊酋壹徃泱 姜覗刈尼壹泯複刈尼ィ女春厩 砿碚票鼓 A. Yu. Dyomin 嬰 2005 堰遍慌”Simulation a Non-Spherical Surface Profile” 柊柔М裕 憖場Ь演紺鼓姦幀朦紅凍春秡ω慌春叶嫂封л妊酋鼓慌春叶嫂鼓婬譲白タ渥η曙丘 鋤袷姜覗婬譲鼓η鍵 畤Мロ剣姜覗前輩菊霞雌紅凍春秡ω淫旱困擔鼓麻苛琢彈 詠 卍 2.1 雌演紺姜覗鼓慌春叶嫂卍

卍 2.1 裕憖場Ь鼓紅凍春慌春叶嫂娼春卍

牾単鼓 Nam-Young Jang 嬰 2007 堰鼓 Optical Fiber Communication and Optoelectronics Conference 遍慌客夷紅凍春ロ剣垳鍵 頂走М瓢詮紺謄疾ド是岫 FPSI 雌湛瓏鼓凍 春複倡忌撞牝遍 ロ剣 3.009 mm 鼓タ紅凍春慌春 π儕窮疾吮計野撞紅凍春複倡忌 撞鼓紅凍春複椋 菊瀦居 PV 曙 1.897 wave Ε RMS1.107 wave 鼓崩穴

卍 2.2 Fizeau 紺疾謄凍春ド是吽聳忌撞

(29)

卍 2.3 紅凍春壹琢乙凍春鼓穗鋼卍

卍 2.4 凍春複倡忌撞鼓婬譲卍 卍イ借嘉薗慳雌笈紺鼓紅凍春泯複卍叶

パ単鼓Ke Xiaolong計2009 International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation遍慌Study on Software and Hardware Control of High-precision Measurement Platform for Optical Aspheric Surface 妊酋も湊吮坏紅凍春Яツ忌撞Ε ANSYS徃泱Яツ僮殖甫奄 窮Яツ忌撞雌もX-Y-Z-W я湊儼啄跳拒忌撞 堊裁 2µm/200×200 mm 嬰Яツ渥ыウ鉛も謡複倥剣裁0.1µm鼓紅鳥篳椋複俤丕 霞醐回夷 ANSYS徃泱Яツ忌撞叶耨婬譲灼0.233µm 卍2.6嬢緯窮泱瓜阪鼓椋複崩穴Ε紅凍春鋼 彈

(30)

卍2.5 湊吮坏紅凍春Яツ朦朦唸卍

卍2.6 湊吮坏紅凍春慌春春叶薗慳泱瓜卍

パ単鼓Jinkai XU計2009 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation 遍慌Machining and Testing Technology Research of Industrial

Aspherical Components 頂走CNC屡梳Яツ仁屡梳搜壹ツ印庇花鳥篳朦拒 б殺屡梳 搜壹ツ印鳥篳鼓叶耨Ε俚殞 卍2.9雌もм椋複白ス200 mm 婬譲タ計0.1µm鼓頂他 奄椋複忌撞 菊嬢緯PV 2µmΕRMS 0.5µm鼓紅凍春椋複崩穴

(31)

卍 2.7 紅凍春寔壕怯梳壕朦唸

卍2.8 ツ印壹屡梳搜免鼓鳥篳庇花徃紺

卍2.9 慌春叶嫂椋複忌撞

(32)

卍2.10 紅凍春慌春叶嫂徃紺婬譲

パ単鼓WANG Hong-chen計2010 International Conference on Computer, Mechatronics, Control and Electronic Engineering (CMCE)遍慌Research of Tool Swinging Method Processing Aspheric Optical Parts 鎚享荒冊Яツ湊袷域計慌春叶嫂鼓朦唸Ε默啄奄Я ツη奄兒演紅凍春Яツ 菊滞Яツ湊鼓啄咐ロ剣

卍2.11 Яツ湊袷域計慌春叶嫂鼓朦唸η奄

Akira Ono計1985 Applied Optics遍慌Aspherical mirror testing using a CGH with

small errors 鎚夷Fizeau紺鼓淫旱泯複撞 肪等計干縫梧免瑯軒辛穴袈滞鼓椋複忌撞 扛暝 肘Ьш鉛琢乙秡春困擔幀緲紅凍春慌春叶嫂椋複婬譲鼓干帰椋複忌撞酸唸 頂 走CGH姥面甌場吮勗譲鼓幀緲 δパ菊嬢緯サ殖204 mm 焚構614 mm鼓椋複婬譲タ 計0.17λ

(33)

卍2.12 野撞瘴湊奄椋複忌撞酸唸

卍2.13 Яウ琢乙凍春鼓李奄CGH椋複酸唸

卍2.14 夷計椋複紅凍春鼓CGH卍彖

(34)

卍2.15 李奄CGH忌撞複瀦鼓ド是卍彖

鋲掛兒暮計2011 Conference on Optical Technology遍慌釜納泯複紅凍春耀蚤秡鼓ィ墹 慌春叶嫂壹同滕裁 И輯惨崩瓜Fizeau 聚耀ド是尼壹釜納萩衣仭痍媛鍵 霞釜納泯 複紅凍春耀蚤秡鼓ィ墹慌春叶嫂壹同滕裁 窮η鍵惨鎚夷彈曙η鍵 б殺釜納萩回仭 耨媛ΕΖ萩回仭痍媛熕床床勤疾河糾彈 熟載罪複彖困鼓3D慌春搜呱 菊М堆票瑯 軒斛眠寡同滕裁酋垳 卍2.17(c)雌x湊薗倒ё殖11.5 cm 卍2.17(d)雌y湊薗倒ё殖13.2 cm鼓泱瓜崩穴

卍 2.16 紅凍春耀蚤秡聚耀荊ス卍

卍2.17(a)-(d) 雌熟載鼓紅凍春耀蚤秡 3D 慌春搜呱 壹 x y 湊厩薗倒ё殖泱瓜鼓 崩穴

(35)

幎単鼓Markus Bosse計2004 DGaO遍慌 Interferometric Asphere Testing without CGH 卍2.18パ牧慳慌緯紅凍春鼓凍春薗倒ё殖 畚嘉吽慳惨樔晰壹紅凍春薗慳白鳥攻鼓琢 乙凍春 М凹凍春軒椋複紅凍春鼓崩穴詠卍2.19

卍 2.18 紅凍春壹琢乙凍春鼓ロ剣卍

卍 2.19 М凍春軒椋複紅凍春鼓崩穴

慌 2.1 紅凍春椋複η鍵盛勲鼓π儕

(36)

2.2 屡幾啄朦

苧琢乙δ筵パ 鉛鼓屡幾頂走Яツ朦拒 蛭罪姜覗Ь頭瓜妊酋曙鼓紅凍春 鉛鼓屡幾 頂走紅凍春鼓椋複忌撞 蛭罪雀柁忌撞婬譲 肘ヶ椋複堊裁 糞俺 檣肪紅凍春鼓汢 夷慢丘慢帷現 戍瘰群芸迄鼓椋複吮計嶋率汢夷櫛櫛嘩晟ス椋仁免群末夷演綾 昊儒 鎚享憩複群絅慈堊裁鼓霞鍵 雲凹綾屡幾泱他吮椋嶋紺紅凍春ュ印屡姜м滞雌椋複彳 力印菊軽計猥Ц雌仮啄淫旱泯複妊伯鼓唸踊 俺暮鵠ド是中夷計罪複渥春吮渥春彳力 ωМΕ罪複凍春吮渥春群凍春彳力ω鼓春堊裁泯複 謹鮎鉛汢夷嬰紅凍春泯複鼓疾穗 屡幾 雲凹肘Ь綾扨δ唸踊菊剏複も銅薗倒疾嘘鼓渥Э壹渥Ы紅凍春銅瓜汐春汢м嶋 囲淫ド是 活底疾穗屡幾崩穴м汢夷居嶋率汐 М兒居伍腟 瓷軽 峨演綾鼓畏鼓

2.3 扨δ酸唸

綾扨δロ雌ペ女梅鷲 陶も梅雌墟扨 溜柔紅凍春壹攻Т淫旱椋複袈是Ε鼓刔場淫 療 淫ド是暮湛綾床刀 陶ら梅雌δ筵荏緡 荏緡紅凍春姜覗壹泯複疾穗屡幾眠嬢 陶ィ梅雌屡幾η鍵壹吽聳妊酋 婉迎鎚夷鼓吽聳妊皿壹畏拷儕雌率汐鎚夷鼓紅凍春椋 複η鍵 陶я梅雌崩穴壹走扨 嬢緯鳥篳奄椋複壹紅鳥篳奄椋複崩穴 菊π儕窮譲東 陶ペ梅雌崩扨 婉迎吽寶腟複居ド是逓舛 頭瓜嬰球彳力印崩瓜汐春ウ汢м嶋囲ド是 逓舛鼓剏複 МΕ阪絳м遍嬢雌慳ウ仮啄淫旱泯複妊伯鼓湛綾酸唸

(37)

陶ィ梅 屡幾η鍵壹吽聳妊酋

3.1 屡幾η鍵

綾扨δ鼓畏鼓惨屡姜も銅м儼夷計複裁椋嶋紺紅凍春慌春搜呱困擔鼓彳力印 彳力印 Мも銅渥Э壹渥Ы鼓恵故春秡雌聳祀踊鍵鼓吽聳彖綾 ウイ球春鈎將恵淫М回ド是岫 複椋Ε銅瓜仁腟吼ド是逓舛

紅凍春鼓慌春搜呱椋複鉛夷鳥篳奄鼓頂他椋複鍵 ガ鉛夷紅鳥篳奄鼓ド是岫椋複鍵 綾屡幾痴ロ会回夷之球址η鍵吮吽聳彖綾眠寡複椋 М惓衣吽聳彖綾鼓春堊裁壹慌春 同滕裁愡蛤 菊π儕球址椋複η鍵鼓譲東

詠卍 3.1 枝甫卍 殉院痴紅凍春蚤秡春叶傲鎗槲れ演紺朦眠寡恵故春鼓演紺 額演阪 眠寡恵淫 脳甘尉 800 侏趨ン 芝梳 1200 侏居 1500 侏 侏彈Т慌監衣η擢億袈蓋 鼓犂動彈 800 侏懐監衣η擢億蓋 800 犂 夷慢萄鼓芝眠寡恵淫袈鼓居鼓橄春慢淫領 蚤迎 額演恵淫甘腓阪 眠れ椋複甘腓 ロ会眠寡鳥篳奄椋複壹紅鳥篳奄椋複 鳥篳 奄椋複鎚夷 UA3P 頂他鎮柊慌春搜呱岫 紅鳥篳奄椋複鎚夷 Fizeau ド是岫 解獨吽 聳彖綾鼓春堊裁壹慌春同滕裁惨械瓜Л輯看 嚢中惨М春堊裁タ計 3µm 雌紅凍春糒 計パ堆堊裁鼓湛瓏 収春堊裁ス計 3µm 轟メ勿韻夷 1500 侏趨ン 恵淫 Ζ疊ウ柔枝 甫伍居春堊裁兒居輯看雌ν

白阪 吽寶銅瓜菊腟複吽聳彖綾銅瓜汐春ウ粗械腟吼居ド是逓舛

(38)

卍 3.1 紅凍春恵故春塗姜霞壹泯複枝甫卍

3.2 恵故春秡姜霞

客夷妊皿 幎単 SatisLoH SPM 120-1 SL 痔恃演紺朦 吽聳柑針 BK7

琢彈妊緊 ψ=1 inch R=±150 mm k=-1 將肘虐紅凍春春叶鼓狒傲鎗

姜霞兪甫 痔恃柑針椀兪ヮ粕壹由暝鼓拷捺刀 瀦居 ψ=2.54 ± 0.2 mm 鼓湛柑 糞阪 ウ彈曙跳拒Яツ朦ы槲れ R=150 mm 群 R=-150 mm 鼓恵故春紺狒傲針眠寡演紺 額 演阪鼓ュ印慌春芥唐穩枯耀蚤淫鼓枯咐 將蚤兪恵淫客ュ印脳噎肘堆蚤迎裁 鎚享α 恵η奄眠寡菊Ζ疊夷ド是岫惓娉堊裁

(39)

卍 3.2 穐 痔恃演紺朦唖腟 о 屡梳芝搜壹ツ印

3.3 頂他奄慌春搜呱岫泯複

客夷妊皿 Panasonic UA3P (Ultra Accuracy 3D Profiler)

満堆堊裁鼓ィ墹搜呱 UA3P 掀夷計姥址紅凍春慌春鼓叶奄複椋 客夷床セゑ頂他

霞雌複椋頂蘖 UA3P 吮複椋慌春鼓床セゑ 虻ゑ 嶋囲鼓沢坦 勤鴇荒冊床セゑ中

彈 白李鼓朦紺мМ複椋紬春白堆兒75裁祈 惨畏拷匂率汐摩雌唐面志Е汐ウ複椋

堊裁白堆鼓ィ墹慌春搜呱岫 綾扨δ鎚夷鼓惨 UA3P-4 朦紺 吮鉛穗鼓河丕泯複 X

Y 怯 Z 湊 鎚夷刔場ド是岫鼓η鍵怯客夷霞雌琢乙渥春鼓満堆堊裁秡春 疾穗姥朦

紺鼓乳遂詠慌 3.1

慌 3.1 UA3P 鼓ィ址紺侏壹勲粗乳遂慌

Model UA3P-300 UA3P-4 UA3P-5

Measurement range

[X, Y, Z-axis] 30 x 30 x 20 mm 100 x 100 x 35 mm

200 x 200 x 45 mm Maximum sample size

[X, Y, Z-axis] 100 x 100 x 110 mm 220 x 220 x 115 mm

330 x 330 x 230 mm

Probe

Atomic force probe

•Ruby: Tip curvature radius 0.5mm

•Diamond: Tip curvature radius 2µm

Measurement force : 0.15 to 0.3mN (15 to 30mgf)

(40)

Maximum measurement

angle 75° 60°

Probe Measurement accuracy

Ruby stylus:

Measurement surface inclination angle

•Up to 30° 0.01 to 0.05µm

•Up to 45° up to 0.08µm

•Up to 60° up to 0.15µm

•Up to 70° up to 0.15µm (downward)

Standard diamond stylus:

Measurement surface inclination angle

Up to 30° up to 0.1µm*2

Ruby stylus:

Measurement surface

inclination angle

•Up to 30° 0.01 to 0.05µm

•Up to 45° up to 0.1µm

•Up to 60° up to 0.3µm

Standard diamond stylus:

Measurement surface

inclination angle Up to 30° up to 0.1µm*2

Measurement error of coordinates

(Measurement range of XY coordinate axes)

Up to 100 mm within 0.05µm (repeatability within 0.05 µm)

Up to 200 mm within 0.1µm (repeatability within 0.05 µm)

Measuring speed 0.005 to 5 mm/sec variable in multiple steps

0.01 to 10 mm/s variable in multiple steps Thermostatic

chamber 20 to 23 °C (allowable variation ±1 °C) Relative

humidity

20 to 60% in a room with a little dust. Never blow air to the profilometer directly (e.g. from an air conditioner) Vibration

acceleration

Recommended: 0.5cm/s2, Allowable: 2.0cm/s2 (=2.0 gal)

Operating environment

Cleanness Class about 15,000 or below (particle size 0.5 µm)

(41)

Air supply

A single dry-air system (with manual valve) with pneumatic pressure: between 0.5 MPa (=5 kgf/cm2) and 1.5 MPa (=15 kgf/cm2) and flow rate: 150 NL/minute*3 (under normal condition) A ø8 tube (outside diameter) must be accepted.

Computer desk

For the personal computer, keyboard, printer etc. (over 50 Kg)

UPS Output voltage AC100V ±5%, Output Capacity 1400VA/940W, Plug receptance NEMA5-15R Stage Decline stage, Rotation stage, Z-axis stage

椋複床刀 UA3P-4酸唸詠卍3.3 鎚夷据奥矮櫻刔場霞雌淫療 ロ雌ィ儿刔場ロ会М

ド是緊河床刀退複X-Y-Z湊謄啄椋 ЖX Y Z姥湊鼓椋複琢乙秡(reference mirror) 七壹椋複狒隠慳 封Ν港規婬譲(Abbe error)鼓遍囲

窮パ 頂他杷ロ詠卍3.4 刔場椀尉蚤秡壓焚計もω堆堊裁Ζ場秡 韻Ζ場滞Z湊河丕 退複 頂他濃崩計も銅耀領啄予 領啄予震鉛幃勲愡蛤0.15-.03 mN鼓耀幃瓲嬰頂他鳥

篳罪複ュ印俺ウイ領啄仁墹冊臺維頂蘖壹罪複春免鼓床セ虻ゑ 椋複鼓床刀惨尉椋複

仁イη鼓Ζ霞夷ゑ丘墜垳椋複鼓彈晟 鎚夷凍殖雌0.002 mm臺維頂他 嬰椋複祈裁30°

Мョ仁 堊惓裁м兒0.1µmМイ

詠卍3.5緯蓉 烈頂蘖鳥攻罪複春味瘴タ何5 nm嶋囲床セピ免鼓虻ゑ 忌撞懐М荒冊 之彖鼓ゑ鼓スタ眠寡罪複印春叶鼓椋複 瑯軒繽熟(Weight)妊緊愡蛤雌0.1 0.02 mm 繽熟0.1 mm蓉肴惨嬰0.1 mmョ享渥鈎曙

(42)

卍 3.3 UA3P 椋複忌撞酸唸卍

卍 3.4 頂他朦唸卍

He-Ne oscillation-frequency-stabilized laser Level

block

Y reference mirror

Y stage X stage

Level block X reference mirror

Z reference mirror

Z-axis measurement laser

Mirror

Micro slider Stylus

Atomic Force Probe Technology

Maximum measurable

tilt angle Measured object

object

(43)

卍 3.5 床セゑ椋複床刀緯蓉卍

3.4 Fizeau ド是岫泯複

客夷妊皿 ZYGO GPI

ド是岫椋複惨蚤兪琢乙彳力軒拷壹罪複軒拷免嶋囲ド是逓舛盛幗丘ロ剣彳力春壹罪 複春免鼓譲東 ド是逓舛鼓叶枯 河丕 免味怯逓舛鼓吮π裁 莞緊計彳力春壹罪複 春免姥狒ピ淫甫譲МΕ椋複軒構怯客夷淫療鼓サ殖スタ 雲凹мМ畤尉ロ剣逓舛傲鎗 俺眠も甘瀦居罪複故ピ疾穗鎗尻 逆詠慌春堊裁(PV)Ε慌春同滕裁(RMS)暮

卍 3.6 Fizeau ド是岫忌撞緯蓉卍

唐嬰鼓ド是岫妊酋泳鎚夷 Fizeau 紺奄 琢乙卍 3.6 Fizeau ピ妊酋崩唸мМ峻峨柁

(44)

よ彳力琢乙春М唖鼓淫旱ュ印婬譲吮椋複崩穴鼓幀緲 Fizeau ド是岫パ 刔場淫椀 梧免瑯軒斛壹力伍故秡阪叶演渥寡淫 烈凹渥寡淫憾眠れ彳力秡蘖仁 杷ロ淫尉琢 乙春Ζ場 叶演琢乙軒拷 荏居ド是岫ョ杷 чも杷ロ淫轟者蚤菊麟場計罪複慌春 阪Ζ場叶演罪複軒拷 尉計琢乙軒拷壹罪複軒拷ピ免疫嬰淫甫譲 雲俺叶演ド是逓 舛 野撞ウ 畤尉等呂腟吼群惨 CCD 獪享幀勗 伍鳥解罍ド是逓舛懐м灼悼墜垳 Ь罪複慌春傲鎗(慌春堊裁 勗譲暮暮) 慣眠も甘鼓熕鉛 PMI ド是岫 (phase measuring interferometer) 儼夷疾謄ド是 (phase shift interferometry) 給蓉客琢乙軒 拷壹罪複軒拷免ピ疾吮疾河干耨(ィ疾河譲群惨я疾河譲) 菊獪享バ嘘疾河仁ピド 是逓舛 損瓜刎亰廼聰儼垳 ロ剣ド是逓舛壹熟載疾河 мМ慣堊力鼓淙瀦罪複軒 拷群惨罪複慌春傲鎗 綾δ嬰紅鳥篳奄複椋η鍵惨鎚夷я疾謄ド是岫 獪享椋複卍 叶仁回夷 PZT 鼓謄啄ロ会獪享я衷卍叶眠寡ロ剣酋垳菊雀柁忌撞婬譲Ε瘰鎗 吮 計Э春ュ印壹Ы春ュ印鼓椋複М卍 3.7 婉迎 殉院 將寒居榜等狒 Εド是岫彳力 秡嬰罪複春ウ壓焚鼓河丕 詠卍 3.7 ピパ卍袈緯 烈椋複Ы春秡仁 痴秡飾櫛о謄 啄嫐瘴ド是岫 菊客淫憾殿夲暝女罪複春 扛暝秡飾ウ鼓ウイ群穐о耀扛瀛方 客 ド是逓舛彈嬰 5 居 7 逓ピ免 凹仁秡飾袈謄啄鼓味瘴懐雌Ы春秡鼓薗倒ё殖 詠卍 3.7 ウ卍袈緯 Ζピ 椋複Э春秡仁轟痴秡飾謄厩ド是岫η厩菊挽寒Ε扛暝ド是逓 舛 詠卍 3.7 イ卍袈緯 綾δ鎚夷鼓惨 F/3.3 鼓 4 鰻彳力凍春秡 輯献蓉ド是岫彳 力秡蘖鼓樔享 烈罪複春雌Э春 梓勿献蓉罪複故薗倒ё殖曙梓勿タ計ド是岫彳力 秡蘖阪焚構 械轟罪複故痴陸廨汨彳力秡蘖 ч唖詠穴輯損瓜春堊裁椋複 彳力秡 蘖ピ F/number 梓勿タ計罪複春ピ R-number ηм椋複居罪複春陰杷沢坦 烈罪複 春雌Ы春 溌賎椋複薗倒ё殖仁 バ將盛会献蓉彳力秡蘖ピ樔晰 詠穴輯損瓜損瓜 春堊裁椋複 嘘彖鼓 彳力秡蘖ピ F/number ガ梓勿タ計罪複春ピ R-number ηм 椋複居罪複春陰杷沢坦 窮パ R-number=(罪複春薗倒ё殖)/(罪複春鉛辛サ殖)

(45)

卍 3.7 ド是岫複椋緯蓉卍

卍 3.8 挽寒榜等狒鼓吽聳酸唸

卍 3.9 椋複Ы春秡仁 痴秡飾櫛о謄啄何Ь唐袈將ド是逓舛河丕

(46)

陶я梅 崩穴壹走扨

4.1 頂他奄慌春搜呱泯複崩穴

渥Э恵故春蚤秡鼓 UA3P 頂他奄慌春搜呱岫泯複崩穴詠イ Measured

R=150 mm PV=0.7618 µm RMS=0.1469 µm

Best Fitting

R=150.12654 mm PV=0.8138 µm RMS=0.0965 µm

卍 4.1 穐卍惨鮎椀雀柁忌撞婬譲鼓床勤崩穴 о卍惨椀兪薗慳泱瓜鼓崩穴 球醐 R 曙 譲 0.12654 mm 雌妊酋曙 R=150 mm 鼓 0.08% 春堊裁 PV 譲 0.052 µm 雌渥鈎 春堊裁 0.7878 µm 鼓 6.6% 同滕裁 RMS 譲 0.0504 µm 雌渥鈎同滕裁 0.2434 µm 鼓 20.7%

卍 4.1 渥Э恵故春蚤秡鼓鳥篳奄椋複崩穴

(47)

渥Ы恵故春蚤秡鼓 UA3P 頂他奄慌春搜呱岫泯複崩穴詠イ Measured

R= -150 mm PV=0.6766 µm RMS=0.1089 µm

Best Fitting

R= -149.91807 mm PV=0.5717 µm RMS=0.0819 µm

卍 4.2 穐卍惨鮎椀雀柁忌撞婬譲鼓床勤崩穴 о卍惨椀兪薗慳泱瓜鼓崩穴 球醐 R 曙 譲 0.0893 mm 雌妊酋曙 R=150 mm 鼓 0.0595% 春堊裁 PV 譲 0.1049 µm 雌渥 鈎春堊裁 0.62415 µm 鼓 16.8% 同滕裁 RMS 譲 0.027 µm 雌渥鈎同滕裁 0.0954 µm 鼓 28.3%

卍 4.2 渥Ы恵故春蚤秡鼓鳥篳奄椋複崩穴

(48)

4.2 ド是岫泯複崩穴

渥Э恵故春蚤秡鼓ド是岫泯複崩穴詠イ

PV=0.667 wave RMS=0.099 wave wave=0.6328 µm

袈М PV=0.667 wave=0.42208 µm RMS=0.099 wave=0.0626 µm

卍 4.3 渥Э恵故春蚤秡鼓紅鳥篳奄椋複崩穴

(49)

渥Ы恵故春蚤秡鼓ド是岫泯複崩穴詠イ

PV=0.717 wave RMS=0.056 wave wave=0.6328 µm

疾烈計 PV=0.717 wave=0.45372 µm RMS=0.056 wave=0.0354 µm

卍 4.4 渥Ы恵故春蚤秡鼓紅鳥篳奄椋複崩穴

4.3 鳥篳奄壹紅鳥篳奄椋複崩穴π儕

椋複紺咐 鳥篳奄 紅鳥篳奄

客夷妊伯 UA3P ZYGO

PV 0.7618 µm 0.667 wave 0.42208 µm 渥Э恵故春秡

RMS 0.1469 µm 0.099 wave 0.0626 µm PV 0.6766 µm 0.717 wave 0.45372 µm 渥Ы恵故春秡

RMS 0.1089 µm 0.056 wave 0.0354 µm 慌 4.1 渥Э壹渥Ы恵故春蚤秡ロ会計鳥篳奄壹紅鳥篳奄鼓椋複崩穴

(50)

尉慌 4.1 м実ЬМイ鼓崩穴

1. 紅鳥篳奄鼓椋複崩穴粉扨嬰春堊裁群同滕裁鈎タ計鳥篳奄椋複曙

2. 鳥篳奄椋複渥Э恵故春秡鼓 PV 曙堆計渥Ы恵故春秡鼓 PV 曙 譲東雌 0.0852 µm 3. 紅鳥篳奄椋複渥Э恵故春秡鼓 PV 曙峨計渥Ы恵故春秡鼓 PV 曙 譲東雌 0.03164

µm

鳥篳奄椋複鼓 PV 壹 RMS 堆計紅鳥篳奄椋複崩穴м粗鼓床雲鉛ィ 1. 秡ω慌春將輯堆裁鉄忱 罪複秡ω渥荊計朦ы 軽供仄凖鼓幀緲

2. 鳥篳奄複椋岫斛鼓頂他將輯院寒居罪複春煤狒霞雌 z 湊琢乙刪狒 ネ粗滞袷奄椋 複 凹甘腓櫛櫛末仁Ж雌И輯婬譲療

3. 鳥篳奄椋複罪複慌春Ε頂他疾ベピ免軽鉛巨棟群梳噌辰癪

4.4 銅瓜鳥篳春鼓ド是

白阪 痴渥Э壹渥Ы恵故春蚤秡崩瓜 嬰恵故春銅瓜汐春ウ腟複瀦ド是逓舛 頭瓜剏 複鼓崩穴

卍 4.5 惨嬰も叢淫療イ懐м腟複瀦居ド是逓舛 詠穴鎚夷刔場淫療 痴慣剰軽腟複

卍 4.5 恵故春銅瓜汐春ウ鼓ド是逓舛

(51)

陶ペ梅 崩扨

綾扨δ肘Ьよも址伍腟 м摎鼓紅凍春泯複η鍵 畤尉も銅渥Ы壹渥Э恵故春蚤秡聳 祀よм寡勲 菊軽計遍嬢演椋嶋紺紅凍春ュ印慳ウ泯複忌撞 窮究伯庇女盛勲 も 凹銅渥Ы壹渥Э紅凍春蚤秡雌彈曙疾嘘 薗倒も袷も什 ベ雌椋複琢乙蚤秡 ら 椋複Э春紅凍春м夷Ы春蚤秡 Ζピ育糞 Жバ供術計罪複春惨械蚤淫 詠雌徃

究暮梗糒Ζ場春ド是逓舛吮π慣註

ィ 凹銅蚤秡銅瓜汐春嶋囲ド是鼓η奄穽貨中畿鼓Б剋淕 糒計暮鵠ド是

я 烈銅瓜汐春疾烈攻仁嶋囲暮鵠ド是 材剰軽嬰も叢淫療イ腟吼居ド是逓舛 烈銅 瓜汐春ロ牝味瘴係嫐仁 雌 Fizeau 紺咐 將輯刔場淫ネ粗腟複居ド是逓舛

綾屡幾疾穗ョ剰鋲計 2011 堰 8 κ SPIE Photonics + Optical Engineering 単寶陸篷ウ壹 釈単Я厭縛シ勝爿叶等秡リф走扨 匂娉雌惓究嶋率回夷勲 疾耕嬰肘ヶ紅凍春演紺 Ε恵淫刈尼阪 綾扨δ鼓η鍵嬰パタΟゾ紅凍春ュ印鼓釜納泯複究伯汢夷岼曙

(52)

琢乙δ筵

[1] Hsiao-Yu Chou, “An intuitive concept for manufacturing and inspecting of aspherical components”, 2011 SPIE Photonics + Optical Engineering, Optical Manufacturing and Testing IX, Proc. of SPIE Vol. 81261B, 8126-44

[2] WANG Hong-chen, “Research of Tool Swinging Method Processing Aspheric Optical Parts”, 2010 International Conference on Computer, Mechatronics, Control and Electronic Engineering (CMCE), p498-501

[3] Ke Xiaolong, “Study on Software and Hardware Control of High-precision Measurement Platform for Optical Aspheric Surface”, 2009 IEEE International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation, p894-897 [4] Jinkai XU, “Machining and Testing Technology Research of Industrial

Aspherical Components”, 2009 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation, p3437-3441

[5] Nam-Young Jang, “Measurement of Small Aspheric Surface Using Interferometric System for Spherical Surface Test”, 2007 Optical Fiber Communication and Optoelectronics Conference, p478-480

[6] Proteep C.V. Mallik, “Absolute calibration of null correctors using twin computer-generated holograms”, 2007 Proc. of SPIE vol.6721, 672104

[7] Daniel Malacara, “Interferogram Analysis for Optical Testing”, Second Edition, 2005 Taylor & Francis

[8] A. Yu. Dyomin, “Simulation a Non-Spherical Surface Profile” , KORUS 2005, IEEE [9] Markus Bosse, “Interferometric Asphere Testing without CGH”, 2004 DGaO

Proceeding

(53)

KOH anisotropic etching of Si”, OPTICS EXPRESS , Vol. 11, No. 18, 2244-2252 [12] Min-Kang Chao, “ASPHERIC LENS DESIGN”, 2000 IEEE ULTRASONICS

SYMPOSIUM, 1025-1028

[13] Akira Ono, “Aspherical mirror testing using a CGH with small errors”, Applied Optics, 1985, p560-563

[14]鋲掛兒 ”釜納泯複紅凍春耀蚤秡鼓ィ墹慌春叶嫂壹同滕裁” 2011 Conference on Optical Technology C2_2

[15]換幔単 ”スサ殖淫旱恵故春春叶泯複刈尼鼓屡幾” 暇謁ツ率ス旱圦シ扨δ 2008 [16]鈍沫抜 ”紅凍春秡ω叶枯婬譲鋤袷ピ屡幾” 鉄棒ス旱圦シ扨δ 2003

[17]門単捌 ”紅凍春秡ピ恵淫壹泯複刈尼” 煮岫李午 陶らんィ禦陶ィ蛭 96-103 [18]杯縫迎 ”紅凍春淫旱秡ω鼓Яツ刈尼” 煮岫李午 陶んя禦陶ら蛭 14-21

參考文獻

相關文件

Harma, “Automatic identification of bird species based on sinusoidal modeling of syllables,” in Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech,

Kyunghwi Kim and Wonjun Lee, “MBAL: A Mobile Beacon-Assisted Localization Scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks”, the 16th IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications

In view of that, the objective of the study was to develop an automatic optical inspection system specifically for inspecting multicrystalline silicon (mc-si) solar wafer for

Sun, “The Application of Role-Based Access Control in Workflow Management Systems”, Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on System, Man and Cybemetics, vol.6, pp.

Wong “Optimal layer assignment for escape routing of buses ” International Conference on Computer- Aided Design, pp.245-248, 2009. Chen “New optimal layer assignment for

Yang, “An Improved Approach to Security and Privacy of RFID Application System,” Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Wireless Communications, Networking and

S., “Cache signatures for peer-to-peer cooperative caching in mobile environments,” Proceedings of IEEE 18th International Conference on Advanced Information Networking

Palem, “Probabilistic arithmetic and energy efficient embedded signal processing”, International Conference on Compilers, Architecture and Synthesis for Embedded