A conjunction is a word that links words, phrases or clauses
A) COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
Coordination conjunctions join parts of a sentence that have the same grammatical function:
and e.g. I´ve always been fascinated about Mars and the moon.
but e.g. Space tourism is exciting but quite expensive.
or e.g. the space shuttle will go into space in April or May.
so e.g. The astronaut was snobbish, so nobody liked to work with him.
B) CORRELATIVE CONJUNCTIONS
Correlative conjunctions are always used in pairs:
both… and e.g. Both the cosmonaut and the scientist work for NASA.
either…or e.g. I don´t know what´s wrong. It´s either the engine or the cable connection.
neither…nor e.g. The airplane was neither modern nor comfortable.
not only…but also e.g. The newspapers reported not only the discovery of water but also the latest scientific tests.
C) SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
Subordinating conjunctions join a subordinate (dependent) clause to a main (independent) clause.
TIME CAUSE OPPOSITION CONDITION
after because although if
before since though only if
when as even if
while unless
since
until
as soon as
1. Choose the right conjunction for each sentence.
I. We are going out to dinner __________ the concert.
a) before b) while c) so that
II. My parents wanted to sit in front of the balcony, ____________they ordered their tickets two months ago.
a) but b) unless c) so
III. I think you shouldn´t leave __________you get an apology from your sister.
a) though b) until c) when
IV. Tim is very tall __________ Bill is very short.
a) but b) since c) before
V. He came early _________he could talk to me privately.
a)however b) so that c) although
VI. _________he is old, he is healthy.
a) although b) but c) while
VII. ________they saw the policeman, they ran away as quickly as they could.
a) so b) but c) as soon as
VIII. I´m worried. My brother has _______ telephones ________ e-mailed me yet.
a) either…or b) neither…nor c) not only…but also
IX. I´m not sure about his nationality. He´s Australian ________ New Zealander.
a) either…or b) neither…nor c) both…and
X. _________ is he handsome and charming ________ quite intelligent.
a) either…or b) not only…but also c) neither…nor
2. Combine the sentences using the conjunctions given. Make the necessary changes.
I. Catherine and Ben got married. They had to learn how to cook. (after)
II. Liz got angry. Her husband burnt her breakfast.(when)
III. You can hear what I´m saying. You keep quiet.(if)
IV. She won´t invite her classmates to her birthday party. She knows them well. (until)
V. The first exercise was easy. This one is very difficult.(but)
VI. We were waiting in line for Van Gogh exhibition. We ate our hamburgers.(while)
VII. Her Siamese cat disappeared. She has been very sad.(since)
VIII. I hate living in the city. I´m moving to country.(so)
IX. We didn´t see anything important. We didn´t hear anything important.
(neither…nor)
X. They waited for over an hour the show was well worth it.( although)
XI. I love her paintings. She uses bright colours.(because)
XII. My father loves gardening. My mother loves gardening. (both…and)
Key:
1.
I. before II. so III. until IV. but
V. so that VI. although VII. as soon as VIII. neither…nor
IX. either…or
X. not only …but also 2.
I. Catherine and Ben had to learn how to cook after they got married.
II. Liz got angry when her husband burnt her breakfast.
III. You can hear what I´m saying if you keep quiet.
IV. She won´t invite her classmates to her party until she knows them well.
V. The first exercise was easy but this one is difficult.
VI. We ate our hamburgers while we were waiting in line for Van Gogh exhibition.
VII. She has been very sad since her Siamese cat disappeared.
VIII. I hate living in the city so I´m moving to the country.
IX. We neither saw nor heard anything important.
X. Although they waited for over an hour, the show was well worth it.
XI. I love her paintings because she uses bright colours.
XII. Both my father and my mother love gardening.
