A Study on the Torrefaction and Gasification of Biomass 宋炳宏、吳照雄
E-mail: 364856@mail.dyu.edu.tw
ABSTRACT
Due to the issue of disposal of normal waste and huge agricultural waste, development of resource reuse technology has drawn much attention, in corresponding to the retirement schedule of domestic incinerators. Of which, application of low temperature
decomposition (known as torrefaction) with biomass material to production of solid alternative fuel is an important method of reuse.
There is large amount of biomass fiber and agricultural waste existing in trash, such as straw and wooden chips, they are good source of fiber. This study employed Thermo-gravimetric Analyzer (TGA) and lab-scale decomposition system to investigate torrefaction of wooden chips, straw, and biomass fiber under differential conditions. Research findings show that wooden chips, straw, and biomass fiber have better torrefaction at temperature and time at 290℃ and 40min, 260℃ and 30min, 280℃ and 40 min respectively.
Percentage of solid, liquid and gas products generated by torrefaction process are: wooden chips have 48.43%, 30.84%, and 19.72%;
straw has 51.48%, 22.87%, and 25.56%; biomass fiber has 67.56%, 17.82%, and 14.62%, respectively. The biochar produced during torrefaction could not only be added to coal for co-burning, it also underwent gasification experiment under conditions 700℃
and 850℃ of temperature, 2% and 10% of oxygen content, and 0, 30, and 60 min of duration in this study, in order to investigate the effect of reaction of biomass materials with and without being treated by the experiment of torrefaction gasification. Conditions of gasification were determined based on volatility of organics and heat generated from gas. Gasification temperature 700℃
effectively gasified the organics in the biomass but failed to gasify the biomass after torrefaction, thus the best gasification
temperature was 850℃. Oxygen content was 10L which was determined based on heat value of gas. Heat value of three biomass materials generated from gasification ranked as straw > wooden chips > biomass fiber.
Keywords : biomass、torrefaction、low temperature decomposition、biochar、heat value、gafication Table of Contents
封面內頁 簽名頁 中文摘要 iii 誌謝 iv 目錄 v 圖目錄 ix 表目錄 x 符號說明 xiii 第一章 緒論 1 1.1研究動機 1 1.2研究目的 3 1.3 研究內容與流程 3 第二章 文獻回顧與基本理論 5 2.1基本性質及定義 5 2.1.1生質能 5 2.1.2生質物之細胞結構 7 2.1.3焙燒技 術 8 2.1.4氣化 8 2.2焙燒相關文獻 11 2.3氣化相關文獻 13 第三章 實驗設備與分析方法 15 3.1樣品物化性質分析 15 3.1.1三成 分分析 15 3.1.2固定碳分析 17 3.1.3元素分析 19 3.1.4熱值分析 20 3.1.5熱重質譜分析 23 3.1.6熱重量分析 24 3.2焙燒實驗 28 3.3氣化實驗 33 3.4產物分析 35 3.4.1固體產物 36 3.4.2液體產物 38 3.4.3氣體產物 40 第四章 結果與討論 42 4.1樣品物化性質 分析結果 42 4.1.1三成分 42 4.1.2元素分析與熱值 43 4.1.3熱重量分析 43 4.1.4熱重質譜分析 46 4.2焙燒最佳條件 50 4.2.1焙燒 實驗 50 4.2.2最佳焙燒條件 54 4.3氣化結果 56 4.3.1溫度與時間對氣化的影響 56 4.3.2含氧量對氣化的影響 59 4.3.3焙燒對氣 化的影響 60 4.4固體產物分析 62 4.4.1熱值分析 62 4. 4.2元素分析 63 4.5液體產物分析 65 4. 5.1焙燒產物液體分析結果 65 4.5.2氣化液體分析 67 4.6氣體產物分析結果 71 4.6.1焙燒氣體分析結果 71 4.6.2氣化氣體分析結果 74 4.6.3氣體熱值分析結果 79 第五章 結論與建議 81 5.1結論 81 5.2建議 83 參考文獻 84 附錄A氣化相關表格 86 附錄B氣體熱值資料來源 94
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