From Quarks to Neutron Stars

From Quarks to Neutron Stars

nucleus

~10 [km]

Neutron star

~10 [fm]

~1 [fm]

Tetsuo Hatsuda (RIKEN)

WS on Recent Developments in QCD and QFT (Nov. 11, 2017)

“From Hadrons to Quarks in Neutron Stars: A Review”

Baym, Hatsuda, Koji, Powell, Song, Takatsuka, 1707.04966 [astro-ph.HE]

(Reports on Progress in Physics)

１９６８ Discovery of pulsar [S. J. Bell and A. Hewish]

Brief history of NS obs.

１９３４ Prediction of neutron star [W. Baade and F. Zwicky]

２０１０ Discovery of massive neutron star [P. Detmorest et al.]

１９７４ Discovery of binary neutron star [R. A. Hulse and J.H. Taylor]

2017 Discovery of GW from NS merger [LIGO/Virgo]

１９３２ Discovery of the neutron [J. Chardwick]

Neutron stars

General Relativity

Rel. heavy-Ion collisions

Relativistic Hydrodynamics

From LQCD to Hot/Dense Matter (Theory Status)

Equation of State for Hot Matter Equation of State for Dense Matter

LQCD at finite T

LQCD at finite μ

S/N = 0

Lattice Quantum Chromo Dynamics

LQCD at fixed N

S/N = 0 Direct

cal.

HAL QCD

Many-body methods

Nuclear EOS meaningful at high density ?

ρ

ß6ρ₀ ß5ρ₀ ß3.4ρ₀

ß2ρ₀

Quark Matter inside Neutron Stars ?

Baym & Chin,

Phys.Lett. 62B (1976)241 Baym,

Physica 96A (1979) 131

Hadron-Quark Continuity ?

Hatsuda, Yamamoto, Tachibana & Baym (’06)

QCD axial anomaly

Attractive Bose-Fermi Mixture

Quark-Gluon Plasma

Strongly interaction hadronic matter à Strongly interacting quark matter

Baym, Hatsuda, Koji, Powell, Song, Takatsuka, 1707.04966 [astro-ph.HE]

Asakawa, Hatsuda, Phys. Rev. D55 (1997)

stiffer

softer

“Toy EOS” for quark matter

B à large C, D à large

(C ∝ _Δ

₎

(A ∝ _1+2α

_/3π)

A Neutron star EOS

with hadron-quark crossover : APR – NJL (HQC17)

Baym, Hatsuda, Koji, Powell, Song, Takatsuka, 1707.04966 [astro-ph.HE]

M-R relation

EOS

M/M_s=2.9: Upper limit (Kalogera-Baym 1996)

Neutron Star Merger GW170817

10

From LIGO HP

(Abbott+2017)

Gamma-ray from fermi Satellite

Gravitational Wave

from LIGO

8 10 12 14 16

R [km]

0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0

M[M]

excluded excluded

GW170817

Bauswein, Just, Janka, Stergioulas, arXiv:1710.06843v2

Baym, Hatsuda, Koji, Powell, Song, Takatsuka,

1707.04966 [astro-ph.HE]

Observables

・ M～(1-2)M

・ R ～10 km

・ T ～10

-10

K

・ B ～10

-10

G

・ P ～1 ms-30 s

・ …..

Structure of Neutron Stars

Matter under

extreme condition

・ Nuclear pasta

・ Nuclear superfluid

・ Meson condensate

・ Hyperon liquid

・ Quark liquid & CSC

・

Astrophysics Nuclear physics

Particle physics

Cond. Matt. physics

Observation EM waves, Neutrino

Gravitational Wave

Cold Atoms

multi-component fermions as quantum simulators

Theory

Lattice QCD / EFT + many body theory

Experiments

RIBF, FRIB, J-PARC, FAIR to provide basic data

Summary

THANKS