自我超越與生死問題間的弔詭性--胡塞爾與海德格對生死問題論述之比較

全文

(1)~. ~ ~. $n ~. *"*. -4n , ;-.. -1< ~. \lID. ·N.

(2) = =. ~. lilt. :.! ~ it~ , ~~. *~ ~ ~. \!J. tIl. ;Irl. ~. ~. I. <I\--. ~. + OJ.:: +. ~. +. •.. f+j. t:i. 0. tIl. '!ill. ••. IlIi. ~~~ tII+~ ~OJ.::.!j!. ~ 1\ ~.

(3) ~ ~~~~1..7Ua'jI!M. ~. tr.J ip'tt·t1.. 101. ~-=-. R ' flU. J::r. ElW~~~~7~~~W~~~,t~m~~~*ft·ft. ff·g.·il.~·A.~·~m*~.~~~a~w~~~~. !mEl. 0. '. 7E~~@]JJ~m@lA&\*~~-@IJJ.. 19YE~~z.m - F5. .~~~~mm.@IAm~~W.W,ti~&~~~@~~.~. Miiili~-flH~f~~£~lIDti7E~W:lJ!w'~@. -. ~f!&'~~Hti@l. A~~W~'~~~~ti~7E • • • - Htt~~~~~,~~~ ~*m-@I~.,~~~~ • • ~~ o @~,mf!.~ - @I • •. -H~7E r ~~j)jj; J ~~W~D1iiJm~@I3U~7EJJ.~r",~Jm. :. ? 1~1r':ft. [email protected]:~~~-n$,~~~~@1. 3~.~6~&H~.~~~,®~~~~~~n~JJ.·~~. m.ffl~JJ.~lID*?Htin$~~ • • ~~~.m~m~~,. ; , gt§lePfT. ~~F5±iJN~H1iiJ~~~j)jj;~~~~W~~1§M'1,~I3Jl~tE&H ®§W~j7gB~~YA)(' {J\~Wffr±.~~f4~~~. ~~~.§~~fflm~~n$~*m-~n.JJ.~~~o~H. tiW:& §l :!itf¥:ft~~7Er",~.**1~ - l1:9~~ , ~1r'1tJ,J!.i.tg¥U ~nrt;~ r"'~la. 0. *~:ft~WZJ!i~A*~ , ElPi~~f~~~ili~m@l~~~~~ 1I~. :. ;!t-~'B'::ff~~~~~. , ;!t = ~ti~3zJHtij!1j .. BPili~~~~. M~j)jj;·@&.ill§l.~.~~~~~~z.n~*~~~lI~;. •• *-. 1~.~*~J.Ma~r.~J~.~¥~~~~~*a~ (v~ stehen; understanding) • ~ mAHf (Auslegung; interpretation) M ~ ~ J!!. *,) I'f* A ~ ft~ (Aussage; assertion) , it or~,:/f ,*tt~ (M. Heidegger) : (1-1- ~ ~ ~ M )( Sein und Zeit)(I979) ~ 31 .i. 34 iii 7'; .i.):). {t tf iii ~ "tt.·.

(4) ." ........ 102. ~. .ft.i& ~~ :k "-t ~ "-t ~~. ~. 1t..M. M::ft~:~¥m'1¥J1z);~ . f&~;l~j~~f~HJ';J1rJ~ 2~ilG11'ttr~uW-1i!Hr' 0. ZOOB"J~~M~~®~@~~~~~~. : ~~~~~~l¥Jm. ~·~~#~~~Z. •• I¥JB~~W~~~M~?~M~~rr. (~~w~oo ) m~m~'~~¥.~~~B"J.m?a~l¥Jrm. ... ~ J (phenomenon) ~Ela§D~¥ElaB"J*g§· ~~~.~~~. it . m~~gt~fig~J~¥ElaT .~ ft .·~~. iZ:;j~~v¥~AlI~l-:(&.!!lIZ~. 0. UffW.~~.rr.~m~m~~ •• ·~. ~~~~~~.~U&.!!lI;rr • • 8~m~ti~~·~®®ffi. .*@~.~*~B"J~~tifi~M~~~ -. ••• l¥Jm~ '¥i1ffiB"J logos. (Erscheinung; appearance). 0. ~1fN~~. J!JJ!IH.t£'EJ.mB~~Y3~~. ,. 7J~M1~Jtg~f~te phenomenon ~1t. ~. *. m .. phenomenology ~ t). phenomenon ~m 1t~~m~A. 0. r . J (-logy). A 8''3 J1. •. n WJ. logos. *. ~. 3alEB"Jm~.~m3i:J~~~1iiJ ~m~ AWl-J.. . 1'F~~D1iiJB"J. logos ~~figt:£A~.~Z.~1t~. ••. 2~fi-~~ •• ~~I.·~.~.-tt~:~*~rn~.~r~ %J ' r .1.i~-tlt$J ~#r!iili!~H,J-' e#i.1.)t--tlt$ .~~"$-;tJt (Doxa) ~ £a~;f!l fi~ ~~,tik)~dm~ 8}jti'ti (Urevidenz)(l954 : 131) ; tJ.l* Iil ~.*.ml.M~*~.a·.Am~ •• %~.1.~-tlt$ •• ~ •• ~9.1.ml.~M.ili*o.~#r!iil~~~.~k.i!~~~&~~A *;~~*Iil~ml$. ••• #$~~.·.~~.~a~ • • ~_~ . ~~;t.MI~~~l*.~&A~'M.~~·~~.i!~;&#r.. i!~~4~kfi.i!~~.~.·9.1.m'.~.kfi*.m •• ~~. 1t (Erganzung) • ~"H\~~ (Wen-Sheng Wang, 1994: 72ff. ; i.I.3tl£: ' 2001: 48-49) &J:!16) ~:!l ~'$ ~itftt}j Iil ~*. JJt'$ ~9.1. J;t t.. *. 0. $M~.M~~ff.'¥~k&#.~*Iil~*.m'$ •• ~~~. .'. ~*~'"tk~o • • ~1f~.~.1.tz.~~. (i.I.3tl£: • 1995: 40-42). 0. ~~fi~'~ •• ~1f~ ••• ~~~ •• ( 1f~~~M ) fi~ •• ~ .-1f~.9.1.$. (ontologische Genesis) (1979 : 357) ~i¥1l)~,~1'f ' J!&p (Befindlichkeit), mM- (Verstehen) ~1'f • • i!~. iE..*)~-t.~ ·a~~H,J- (1979 : 140ff.) ~ (1f ~ -9! a~ MI) , ~ 7 ~. (§ 7) ~m.11.m~·tk~. 0. 3. -*-. 0.

(5) ~ ~;{V~~1..9E.M"!M{(.J. iptrM1.. 103. ~.~lliH'E~~~W~~~~.*'~~~~®~~~.m .~m o. ~@I,*fZSlU'iJ~5G~.g-3f-m1!f~T&31J~~~mf~.~:tLJ~~. ••. 'ill.~~~~~.m~.~w.1!m~~~E~~M~~. ~~~~r§~~~J~~o.~ffimr§~~~w~~~~OO ~~~ftt1. J ~p::(£mllimHIMJ~lH! - fl;gM.~ J§f.fHF~lE~ J§~. tt.om~7~ID~~®~~W~~~~$.~7~~~tt~,. ~~~~®ti~~~~e~m~~~&7~~~M~o.~::(£~ OO~Pti~~~&ti~~~~tt~MUmlli~.m.@~~: ~~@IA::(£m*m. ( ~~W~~)~,~~m~~::(£ f~PJT.~~L:~r",'~L. '. ~Ft8'1V (Furcht; fear ' ~:. ••. ®ti~~L:PJT~fHrjl~ (Angst; dread). rm. r 'f1ll'~ J Wr '1'8 '1V J ~mt!~~~). ~. •• fu~~m~~~~.~o~~~~~~m~~~mm.~~ .-&~m~•• mm~~'::(£*~MOO~.M¥¥m.~~m ~~~W~~mll~~~~~~eo~~.~e~~m~~-~ .W,m&lli~E.mt!~~(A~~. •• ~. ). ~~M.~~~.~~A.~~.,~ti~~mw .-ti~,. ,m~®~.. •• m~~m. •• m~ti~~~~.m~7 -~ .~.& o ~~M. .::(£.*W~.~~mW~·.~~mM~.7 - ®MH'*::(£ m.*~W.~ill.m~.-&m.~~m~~~'.~~H. m~mr§~~~ J wr~~~~J~OO~~~M~*m.,~ m~~&ti~~~em~~~~~®~ o. 4-.~M~~~a~#~~l'MM~~~~#~~l'~ ( #~A~ M) ~ 40 iii (§ 40) A (1Of~~J:.* ? ) (Was ist Metaphysik?) (1986: 30-33)' tf:i{1f;$.J/t~ (~;f~) (Wegmarken)(l997: 109-112); '*:t5!i : (1971: 62-66) <l!ti$::ft.~~#4{g* > ,~t~ (#4.1. ~AA1:.. ra'''V. 0.

(6) .,. ,. ,.

(7) §! ft~~~ 1.. 7E. M,'I! M gry. 'P ~:ti. 105. .~~M.~~ili • • ~~.~~~M*.m ' 4.~mmlli~ ~~M.fJ~jJ~iJ~e~ ~ :f£.;t;~u ~ffifUJ1~Lt*~L~PJTEU~pJT~it-T. '. '. ftR~m~Drm~llf1rf~ffg. 0. ~i!i. ~ ~ ~~ft~rzgml$~~~m. mM.~jJ~~rzg'.~~.~~~M.~jJ~ - .%~~~. priori). fJ~jJ. , ffiJ Jlt%~tE~H~ A!Jilj (human being) ffiJ § , i'&illZ. ~m~:f£m.W~~A~lli~~~Jlt~~M~~~jJ(~ili~.. 1:td~:~JltM.~~jJ~%~91i1iR). 0. ~fr$~:5t~~li' ~~M~~A. ~~P'3:f£M.ij~jJ, t) 5jUD~-.~~~L *~L~~ :9i-:f£~~~ o. :f£~*.~mA~~~:f£~m.~~ ~ ~~~~~.~" m1:ltE~~[100Mt~. (Sein; being) (t=:.r~~ ~WT) ft=m::j=:Ei3;f;~~Mt~ (arche) - ~~W~~iJ - ~Jm' *~I .¥ -~ooe.~m~L*.~M • • fi-~mA!Jiljm~~. ~1:Im (~mlli:ms ' fEr!1I!ilW5:2.!f!M~~) , ¥U{¥tt~~ , ttJT~1lI. .J. '1:£*. (~fIjM)' ff~. Z~A~.7~tt~&ffiJmft~~~~~~~'~ffiJ~~ffilli:~ ~.~~W~.'w~~mA~:f£mlliW~:f£~m~~z.,. ' mPJ t)~~A!Jilj~ ~A~:lIJE~~~t1;l*' - :1JOOrOJ :9i-wtX:9i-:f£M~::?f1'l=~~*~ - m l!:9lE:[iJ~A~ij~jJ~~~DfilJ Lii.'f:: {!"~ § ~lfB. PJ~~~~IDL~~~~'~ - :1JOO~rOJP'3&~~~A~~~~ ~jJPJ.~¥~:f£m.::?f,~w~.tt~~~~.~. o @.m. ~m*. '. ~Jlj~~1 A~pq:f£fmjJ. ZIDL~ J. , ffiJOOEUif-.pJT~ I P'3:f£*~~ (die Metaphysik der inneren Erfahrung; the metaphysics. of the inner experience)~BP~~¥UCPi!t*c:1}]Z~~MT. 0. 5. ~~MT~m~~P'3:f£.~~~.m~,~-~~a.~~. S. 3({t it JII (W. WindeJband) {± $.. ( .to' "t 3t -ti* ) (Lehrbuch der Geschichte der Philosophie) ~ 22 PJi SI) 1!l"*' T dO il-rthJf.1!z. ar -*-~Jl;1::. PJi Q~3(.$.(l980: 237ff. ' 'f 3(t'.$.(1998: 297ff.) Q.

(8) ,J.. ....' ". ~ jL.~t)ts :k*~$*~. 106. ¥ 1L~JJ. ~~~ti ••• mm~.tt~R~'X=~ti~~OO~~~~. , 1'~~!M~tiljj.ZEl~ •• ~~~ti~OO~~~m~~M.'fi •• ~Jl,$h*~m'W~. .~. 0. ~g~r!JWTT~Jl,$~j:~!~lH~. ~.~53U~ LW.:GhzA~.$h. 0. ~D5IH]:j~!if:1Jrm~~:t:f~~.~. .~lli7A~a~m.~h'~M~M~~.~~~~*~'~ ~~r!JWTT~~.~m.~. ••• :Gh'~.~~Wrmm~zti. ~El~m.~~ffim~ffiW;ill~~r!JWTT.~~~~A~~ E'~~~fiti~~~ffiM~~OO~g*.'t •• L~H7· ~~.~7 J~'~. •• ~ ••W••~ffi~~~~oowm.tt~H~~. 0. ' oo§c:tlW WH~tl:P~Il"S.~~~EA ft!!~'¥~m~m~;g;~f",~g: r fM'fs9 Yi:~~ftM? W~DA*1'f",~~' ~f~1NBjJ~; W~D~~mf!~* ' ~~~~ •• o J ~*®~*~1'R.ti •• ·B~~M~ti~ ~ r!JllJfT~£~A~i~JJrISzJ!~~A{J'.~~~Lrm 0. OO.~&~~~W~M~~~m~®E'~~~*~~mm·~. ~¥u~rs9 ; ®~~~§c:tlft~1l¥U7~~ , 7~~~M1~~~1\:¥~ 7. *. * ' i§:~1'~ti~fa9~~jtn.~? Jt9~{J'~~~~~g:hf~nX:7§[;~ WMffl~~h,t~~M~ti~OO~~.'~.r!JWTT~-.~ :t:f~m.~gh*m~ti~~rf3~I~~I~m~. ; fgftP.~~ftm.~gh. WA~.$ffiM~~j:~I~&~~A~~tlWMffl~~~~j: tJJ~ (active) ~j-~LiID. 1j-~~~-?tW-a-~. 0. fgAti~~rf39~3::iIDt11',@¥t)±tJJB-9. I ~r!JWTTfiij~EE~tJJ~. (passive) A~mi}]. ~ti~OOm~•• ~mf!'~~®Mm.~~M~~~~'1'~ ~.~ o ~-EiID'A~~~m.~h1'Rftm~.$~I~lli m~Jl,$W~&m~W)~~~om. 6. 7. •• ti~~~~~.WH. :t~-t-MT(1973: 216)(t.l1:t 14). :t ~ -t- M T(l973 : 216,229)(4- II :t 26 ; t. II. :t 29) •.

(9) ma~~~ 1. .fEr"';l! M 9i) i!HfeAi. mPJ~flNJ~*J1~r~:~. 107. 0. JfVj~m~~ ~ trWTTI¥J§2tiWWH~tmJtJ. mtfJJl¥J. (primary). ~2tiWrnH)]I¥JWH~m@fI!f~ '13t3Z.~Z~13t~ (retention) WlW~. ' f3t~~~E,HIIDlw.fFI3~pfT~MpfTff~5e,1¥J ( - 1;1] pfT 1t 9;0 I¥J) Ep ~ (impression) 13:. ~ gIG - fl E! ~ I¥J (spontaneous) , 8fNlbl¥J{*~mlb ' lW~XEtElw.fFI3~~ 1t I¥JEP~tI:l~ (protention) mfJfLJ~. 0. M§ Z. ~~E!~~~**~~-flfflMo~JfVj~~~mtl:l = fl~~$~. (moments) :. fffJfJEP ~ (Urimpression; original impression). Wf3t. ~'lW~,~~mgIGJ~~~~~o~~~trWTTI¥J~M'~~. ' ~{J\ 1iN*I¥Jffi1jj~Ml~1~~m~W;fN* J ' ~{I'~?I~Ht~{I'~~W:¥~~FI3~ , rm iL~-/fWi~ , ~*ifl¥Ja~FI3~ ,. PJ~~i@:J1t-=-@]~FI3~$~1'i. ~~l¥JeM~~_PJtEmfl~.~lW~ml¥JE!Btt*~·@~A .*I¥JE!~e.~~/fR~.~~OO,~~~~tI:l~a~OO~1¥J. ~~o~.M~~mB.~~JfVj~~m~'~l¥Jm~~~~tI:l *'.~ili~E!~eMWffiffiMI¥J~~.~.J~~AI¥J~W o ~~A~_.Mg'zM'.~. •• ~~ ••ffi.BtI:l*1¥J. ~OO-=-$~WAI¥J~~e.ttM~~~.-®:~ -=- $~XEtE~. ~~~~$~~~mtl:l*I¥J.~'~~~*~Rm~~~-=-.~ ffimgIGl¥J~~~OO~~;~mR~~$:H~~OO~~~~~.. 'P1f3' _mlb'~~W.~H~ffi~~I¥J •• ~~~~M~~I¥J •• ~ lEfj.l¥J~m~·m;'&:~m~O~. ? ~1:.ml¥Jiij@ffm~1'iL -. ~rmfilb,~~tE~OO~*,~~m~'~OOffi1jj ~ '~~'~~,. 8. 9. ~c.§l1t-/1._;t:7Hti!1~;tlBIJ§l±BIJ' :kf.'.!\BIJ:tMdt;;t, .ti)~F,*,,:Y.t~tt pIT .t~ BIJ ~o -/1. FIf J!. BIJ £ tt.di ;t l ~ tJl £. lit (E. Husser!) {£..t ( 0J {£. ~ M t, ~ JJi ~ "t ) (Zur Phdnomenologie des inneren Zeitbewuj3tseins)(I966 : 34,68) ~ : 3t tA' *~ )~:X:. ~(l995 : 88-93). *. 0. 0.

(10) co .-<. =.

(11) § ~~~~1.7f.M~MfI-J"P~·ti. 1¥J~~~o~~m~g:1J. 0. 109. ~~m#% := 1iJ~Ff'1~:$rnZ~fi~H5-g-mf1:mj:. ~I¥JI~::t:E (::t:E~·'1.) (Lebendige Gegenwart; living presence) , l 0t::~. txfl"® ~ j:mI¥J$$ to/]to/] ph _~J~ I¥J ffi! m:EJi::t:Ett '. ;;§J~:EJi::t:E tFI' ~. ~~I¥J~,t::~ ~ ~NI¥J'~~~~~~~W~M~~-1iJ~~. (Feld; field). 0. 1X11"~1i~~$r01¥J~~~DW~m~g:1J:fDi§J~::t:E~~1¥J. ~~~~tt o ffiM~~~~.~ ~ j:~~$~ftP~.~I¥J:EJi::t:E~. ~~lID~~'®~.~ili~~~ ~ I¥J~~~~~,m~~1iJ ~ ~ ~~~ffi¥1~~*~1¥J~~1&. '. @]rtuWM~I¥J~g:1Jt!W~~. ~OJm~~~~~~JF,f1~1¥J1if~. ; mmllJ~~f4 '. , JlU1tJl!~~ JlU~~IUI~~. MI¥JM~ili~~.m,m~~~~3.~I¥J~~'Jl!~~~MJF,f. ~::t:E~~I¥J.~N~~ o .~MlID#%~1Xm~~:1J~1:Em~MI¥J mm'~ili~ ~ t::~~~~1:E~~~I¥JE~m~~l¥Jm*~~ o g~ ~LmH~-f;~ J;)Jt ~~=m-~ (transcendental philosophy) ~'f~. ~~I¥J~fig ·'11~14~~.~±mB"JMt~ (apperception). 11m '. 4-~. • • Jl!#%~~~tt.~~~~~1:EJF,f~~'.~I¥J~1:E~~ (transcendent) fig)] mJ;) ~ 1:EB'fFf'1~~m.mf.N*l¥Jm~ (transcendental) ±effi.~'t::~1X~Bmj:m·~~~~WD~~~l¥Jm*. ~o~~'~~~~ • • ~~l¥Jrr~M~ - .~1X~~I¥J.~ili 1~¥U7m~. 0. ~7 @ ~ 1Xm~~j7g1:Em~fig:1Jlf~~I¥JB'fFf'1~ ¥j'[ , 1X{r'~fig5J'. mR~ , ®~.~m8Bj:1:E~~OO~I¥Jj:m$'~~~1:E=m-~. I¥JB[!§$. 0. R~~1&R.ilH~ElIDl¥JW!X.W~ID'[~~Fili~ 1HjjI¥JR. .W~y.J. '. m~~Jltt~~PliiWttQt§t±H1¥iID[ilifrf. '. ~y.J ('E;1J3A~. a~.I¥J~m)&frf,t::~~.~AI¥J~1Xj7g1:E~~~:1J'®~ j7g1:Em~~Awj:~*I¥J-.fig:1J. 10. '. t::~Afigii:j:J!l~~. .ltt}j£~(l959 : 149-150); ).Ex.~(l995 : 90) .. , &Ml.

(12) .,. 11 0. @ iL i& ~f; -*.. ~ .1g '" '" ~It. A~gJmMf~.15~Y-Jfl(CP ~OJ~m. 0. ........ ~ 1t. AA. ~§::~:1JilliEBMill1I¥J~~WfP-fr~m§~jf;*. ' :¥~~filJ~g~A115~Y-Jfl(cpo~ ? Wtzol~tI<;i1§NM*~. ~~ - gm·~~'A~-~~.~~ill1~B.,¥~~~m~ ~~h,tI<;~~~~~Will1~§~~mMI¥J.~cp~.lli*'~ ~§ct¥~hOJf:~JJ¥I@Jtl:.~Iini±l*B'-J*j"§ ~~@]to/]1mB~. , i1~ ~~B'-J~~W §. 0. ~tI<;~~@]B~FI'I~W~Jj[:W. ~ , fEiEtI<;~~~~mliJ1H'.¥1:f¥l. B'-J~~W§~ff.~~~B'-J~m~®,@~~~§ti~ffi~~. ~~B'-J:m~. , @OJ~gID~i1ftHAt~IDftl¥Jf~~ , fuOJ~g~ El cY-Jfl(. ~~I¥J:m~ o ili~ffi~~m~ffi~~B'-J~~~~~~~B'-J~~A. B'-J~~m~~hffi~~~'.~fi~iliR~~~e~l¥Joo:w~m @B'~B'-J~.~mwOJ~. •• w~ ~ ~~~~M.- •• I¥J~. .~~~ o OO.~~.B'-J~m = ~~~m~ ' ~.E~~M~1¥J. •• ~.ft'~~~§Mffi~~B'-J~~m~rt~tt~~~ tt**1tt!>tG,SB'-J~~ , ~~~~1~~IF[:WjiA~?'?-JD$tO/]fP-frl'l~ rml¥J .~m. ®A,~.~.~m ~$~~oo~B'-JEltl<;,m~~m~fiffi~~ ~~m~~oo:w.m,~~~.IDft~~~I¥J~~o&~,tI<;~~. ~ft.ffi.~* • • I¥J~~MM~*@~fi$~ •• W~B'-J~. g, @~.~fiPJT~aJ~~~m~tE~~:Wf~m IIW[jffi~JH8 ' M•• :m~'l¥Je.~.~~m •• ~~eB'-JRm,~~tI<;~~ 0. !It'tM@fm~~~gh1'Fm~ifUill1f~14-B'-J$'),.~~. II. 12. 0. 12. Jt;g-g~(I984)' ~~~ ( A~~Jt.~.1.~A." ) 3'..-t-.{f.~-~~'::'ffll. 0. *i..tU;tt}j*iHASl;f..*-~' 1t..{f.(I959: 49-53 ; 64-65; 39)-393)*1tA~ It, ~1!t1'i-.{f.'iLt~1t~a:i!'f' ~~):M~~1~i~ (empirischerSchein) lj-~ I~~ • • ~.~~'~m~«.A. •• ~~.;~~1!t1'l-.~I~_. ~~i~ (transzendentalerSchein) ~, ~M-lrHH8A~.t\i!RM' 1!t1'i-IA -~ • • ~._~I~ • • ~~'~~~~~T_1!t1'i-t~IA • • •. *. -_.3'..ft°*1t~~.~~6~'~ • • ~~ • • ~~~ • • o~~. -if ;.1. Sl ~ () 995: 65-66). 0.

(13) §j ~HH~~1..*-M,'l!M. fI-J. ~t~Ai.. 111. ~~ftM~~m@'~~~~~~~~~¥m~m~g~~ tijEL:~i\~. , fjQ~*5~$~ : m~±:!Il~!lt§~fIP~jEL::. J!I!~¥mg~~jEL:~M~-lIljl'jm. 0. 0. i§:~~. 13m~±:1m~~§~/ft#F\l7F. {'F~*~~±:1m~AZ!lt~ ('ElJ3{$~11i~). , {flJJ!'ElJ3lZ9~~mi ' n. ~~'~~~.~'*~~ffi~~~~~'~¥~A~fi»m~ m,~,~flfI~1ij ~. ..... ;. , ~1~!J§mAftcm;*~M~j)tM~{J'fipfT"~~M*. E{I'ttt[OJ~fJ!~~j/\:jft~F~~b1t:~r::pIT~l1:jE£I. 0. m~±:1m. ~jEL:/f~.~.~±:1m(~m~~L:'lZ9~~~~i\.illft. ; EiQ/f.iR~ftm~fi~tJ~7G~~~ , lZ9~}:,Jjf{~~ , ®~.mA~~~~~'R~ft~~~~/f~~m • • w~~® {'Fffl~. Bo~~lllA~~~.B~m.~tJ/f*m~±:1m~~~*&m. mJ -. ~{~Ilff!j~~~1ftl1iF~~~~fflffiJ/f@J~P~ffl j/\:jftm.~,-. 7JITfiM7'G.lE~~m.fi~tJz~.tUt .~~PJfi~~m. 0. W~tl3&. '. ' §5- 7JITfisPM7'G*5i-:(Em. i!if3¥mm~g~~~zi\~fIP~j/\:j. ft~OO~wj/\:jftm.~tJ~lEm~~~go~m.±:1m~~WjE. /fW• • ±:1m~~W~m - ~'~~~~m®~M~ • • ~~ ~'~~lli~~~~m~±:1m~j/\:jft~OO~~~~~*~~,m. ~±:1miQ.~1mz~®)t;~L: °. J3 . 4. jj -;y 1iJ iJl £. au,:,. ... (~-t 5(, iJl.,~) (Cartesianische Meditationen) tp.t~. •. ili;.~~& • • ~,~t'.~.~~ ~*.~M~'~.~ ~ ~-~~.Atl·~~.~.MH.~~~.I.~~.M. • ••. #.~~~'.~M£~~~~&~~~~~M~~.M~*~.~.. If.. 0.

(14) .."". 11 2. @ .tL iEt 5~ .k '" {!t !f: $ '*~. 1ft 71. JtJl. ., •• mm*~~~fim~,~oo,~ ~~a~~~oo~~~ PD*iW ~ m JffiJliJ -.tJM pq 1:Em~i¥J flt 1JJ't17}tBlMi ~ 5E ' ~~.l~ ~~~.oo • • ~i¥J~m°1:E~.~~~-.~*.m~~~m ~fIllz: ' m~iJ IMl:IIDm&B');!tt5i- 1:Em~1fa:rfltB')~g , 'i'~~ ~ffi.~i¥J~r5i-1:Em~~J.Z:1:E~.~~M~i¥J • • o ~~~1:E(~~W~OO).~i¥J~~m~~M~~Ai¥J~1:E t1~ (Existenzial; existential) *~fti¥J' 1~1!~~59'l~f,'iJ~1:E (existence). i¥Jq:iW, ek-sistence, ek-stase ~-2i~ ~ Jt115'}mlliB"J~~. 8l1J1m~U @l ~m~i¥Jijt.1J/f Rlli @l ~;E;Jtf~. 0. 14m~m. , OO~1W,~.;E;i'WW. ~~Mi¥J~~'~~~~W@lMi¥J~.1J;@~~.m~~~~A ~~:tE*1m~Bi¥J @l ~ (~§f~ A,\S',~l. m r § ffi} J. r§. ~. J. ( I, ego J. i¥Jq:§ROO. (self J .~'I~'i") m~ll:t.1JilPX:iW~m:u:t~pJT~B')~F.&. ~~o~.mi¥J@l~m~~.1Jill~~~pq1:E ~OO~pq,~~-W. 1iJflti¥J5'}1:Em~~~ttJ7qi1:Em~'I1:cp:tt:1<;!t • •. '. mfu~ffl<:T 5i. 1:EWpq1:E i¥J~,rt~*, =~i¥J1tm -W:5'}1:Em~ij:£pq1:Em~7'Gif:. ~m • • -~-~~.Mi¥J~~;m~i¥J~M~:.~5i-rr~ OO'~D~OOWm~oott~1iJ~pqrr~oo~:t.ffl<:,@#~oott. ~~~pq1:E~ OO~ffi.ffl<:?M~ffim~m.~1m~~&OO~.# ~Fe9t1~1:Ei¥J1iJflt. 0. W~ti~.~. , mH~t~~IjM% ~ JtiffiJfJ&i¥Jijt.1J~~. m1:E~oottW#~OO~~ • • ~l:'~OO§ffi}m~ffig~i¥J~OO .~~iWl~?:HIHg~$i¥J~F.&.~~. 14. , 1tJ3. -~*,1~B,)5'H'£irn~·~J;). 1f 11f1fJ ~;t~ff~lt-JM-ffJt (1"Tt~~J:.$?) (1986: 15-16)' 'f:X.. tf*(1997 : 373) ; 1] Jti.I.:X:Jt(2001: 366-367) 0.

(15) §J ~~~~1.?t. M"!M ary iptfMi. ff~ (Sein; Being) i¥J~ft.~:(£mJ-®;f~J[SlJ;]!cpffi~~;f$HA8ftJ@,. 113. 0. ~~~OOW#~OOi¥Jm~'~:(£ffi~~~.cp~~.~WW #~.(~~)~W-~m~~w~. •• ~~~.i¥J~mOOi¥J. m~':(£~£M~~~.cp~ffiIDAW.~m ~ i¥J~WW~~ID rti¥J~mFs9i¥J~~. ..... ; m=:gPD1Q]~fIjttm-~~%:~5*~~@Jft. M·~~m~*~M~~:(£~~m8~~mM.i¥Jr~~~cp~ .i¥J.~J. -~cp~mw~.i¥Jm.:~~m@i'm@Jmflj~. ~.@~.i¥J.;~A~i'WWm~.,~~mAi¥J~ffi~~ :(£1'F~? ~~WTT~:(£Ai¥J~~W~mi¥J~~:~Fs9~~ f&1W~ pg:(£~~~{,'.~~i¥J1l~tJmwm-ApJTm~. , WtLif '. , PDJl:t!®~¥Ui¥J. .OORmwm-Ai¥J.~M~~i¥J.~;~mRA.*mi¥J.'. r~. Wm-~OO.~8i¥J**.$~~*~~'~~~Attm-~~.$. ~~3Z:~c-t~ J. 0. 15~foliLiffii¥J = 7tit:.~Mm~T Az~Fs9W~. WZ*mttOOi¥J~.~e o ~~~~MT. •• ~Ai¥J~~~~~. Wi¥J'f&~~~~~~ai¥J.~,:(£mw~~cp~~~mi¥J.~'. .nw.'~~~~.*i¥J~~ o ~~mJ~M~~i¥J~~*~~ .Fs9W*'W:i¥J)(.~~~P~1~HfIJ. ' mlli1J:1Hikf~ftJffl&:~'¥U ~ :!i}i¥JMg. ~WB~cpM~"~*i¥J o ~~:(£~.~~Mllimi¥J~.~OOw ~mOOH~i¥J~.'~®m-~~.M~~M~.~~'~OOW~. 9EFs9i¥JF,,9M!. 0. ~-@JAt)ff:(£ (existence) i¥J:JjA:(£~ff~. • :till. , f&~. (factually) :(£m~ (there)' ~@1fJl:t~ (Dasein; Being-there). - ~~i¥Jllim'E~mM.M.m:~@JA. •• ~:(£m8o~~. mm~~m~~~~~~'m •• ~~~~m*, ~~. IS. •••••. (is) •. 0. ~mAZff:(£JifIDi¥J r1l~~'a]. •• ~~~. J fD~~~~.JifIDi¥J r H~~ J. ~.ftIi1J1I' .f.t~;f;..(1980:243)' tf~1f;f;..(1998:305)o.

(16) ..... ~. 114. .n:. i!t){, *- ~ ~ "f: "f: ~ ¥ 1L 1Jl. ~~E* o @AW~~$.~Moott~~~Moo~~~m~,~ mJ~mf§t!:::dJt~~$.ti (facticity) HPJIU~7. El :!1t~~ti ·tirilJ~At) ~ijgf¥~. El :!1t~~ti g11 0. (Moglichsein; being-possible). ~f¥:t£:1J:ct:*~~ 16!**$.f¥tt~@J@A1£BH~'I'ii~ Ueweils; 0. in any case) r:p=1'~m 1£ f!NiW~T' ~~~~ 1£ ~$~ (mJ~f~~. 'it ~ ~ ~ ~ ..... ffiJ f¥ ~ J. ~~. (als Sein-bei ... ; Being along. ' )t¥ni&!~JJ~~~Wi ( mJ~f~~~~ r ¥ ~ 8 *~ 1£ ..... ffiJ f¥ ~ J (im-schon-sein-in; in-already-being in ... ) 1 ' jfzlilZSJ**ffiJm ' HPm1£El c ;LiW ( i'at!f~~~~ r )t; fJ~ El c J (Sich-vorweg-sein; Being-ahead-of-itselt) 1 ' ~'='flE13 ~rs,*~~~~~gf¥~HP~~ftfFjt) El :!1t:ffi~~:1J:ct:ff1£~ side ... ) 1 ' ilitzgi&!~ffiJm. 0. ~=m~~tt~.w~i'a~m~~~~f¥ 1£ .OO~Mmlli *~*~~ft. '. gt~~*~~~-*m~fi5;jfij (Sorge-Struktur;. care-structure) , gtg~{5t*~~U1~1:€3~~ .=. m.~p. , ftlr~ 1£ i!!:..t~. A~~~Elc~.m~.~)t~~'='@ IZSJ .~.~ o EfFj~~~ ~~lW11~H~* ~ ffifu~ iJi:1ifli (Verfallen)' $.'1:1 (FaktiziUit) ~*WJ. ti. (Geworfenheit). W f¥ tt ti. (Existenzialitat). ~ f~. !l-t. (Entwurt)' fu~JJ!;~mJ~f~~~~'lttpJTM~~~rs' '=' @jtiJN : r:f~. W'**J '7{fi~ ~Bl~f~~~ = @lli3'Fs'jtiJN~ ~i*to~~~::f~ : M~mff~i&!~W** JJ ~{J\ .}!~~P'Jttm. ttJ '. r i&!~J. 0. ~~~ffi~.'ili~UEfFj~P'Jtt:ffi~~ ~ ffi.~lli*'$8~. P'J tt. m~. Fs' 1t. ~. (das. innere. ZeitbewuJ3tsein;. time-consciousness) ;fltt~~7F-fl~F~Fs'M*t~. 16. the. inner. , jfzif~:t;:mBAE. 1H!:.1fBiJ~.,..ti (facticity) :tlA¥-*U~ff~BiJ-rJt~-tt~(l988)' iU!.. #. 17. >i'~ '*--t( 1988:16). J:)'. 0. J:. Jt ~1.t~(l979 : 191-200) ;. X. i!;f!. $ :f: "'ti~;fJtf*Hi.l. ~ ~ - ". ~,.~~"tlBiJal.$'**4.~ili~.~.*J:.~~%i!~ •. •. ~BiJ~'~_&hA~.tlBiJ.~.$o.

(17) ~ ~~~$f1.7E.M~Maryif'>~,ti. ~OfBJ~~~W:IfJFs'm. 0. £D~:1J$i¥J~NiM. 115. If-fFs'W~FIfJFs'i¥J~fIJFd'l. '. ~~W:~ • • ~Pi¥Jrn.'~®.~~OO*.~~mi¥J~@'A ~~Fs'mEi¥Jm~±:flIz1:ffiJ~JE~AJit;tt~f~{j\ , 1EI.~FIfJFs"~t.101i'iJ ~~~tt*m.~?~~~~mIf-fOOm~~m*i¥JlfJoott,~~ mgn~ffi£1:i¥JIf-fM~~~M~*.i¥J·#*.i¥JWmmi¥J=. fll9'~f~. 18ffi¥Fs'mE~i&l~~~ :::; @mf~jffi8 ° WJOO*:f:Ut5fMpJT~. ,. ~i¥J~:m!!tfrJ~15Z.t£m1~i¥J. . ~F*.i¥Jjgm:~~*.i¥JB~Fs''t1: ' :@. .~t£ffi¥OOtt~#IfJOOtti¥J-@i&l~,ft~~~~~ffi¥OOW#ffi¥. W.fIJi¥JAflIWm. o. r~~Ji¥J~B~~a~~.~i¥Jm~~W. ~~moo' rm~Ji¥Jft~W~mAi¥J~m$tttt~~~~A~ ~L-~fffim1ifB~mf!'. r** J i¥JftotE~*:m:tn ~ ai¥J~tl (~ §U ~ ~t ~ A 1ft JE :@ @] ¥ i¥J 't1l1 '~) $ ~ 1: 1612& -:I: r tI( m .J :Entschlossenheit; resoluteness) W:t~!}jfffi:m~~m -- :@®~mr iID {J] ~ m{~~~F*. i¥J ffi¥ Fs' $frJ m~ ~ ffiJ"1t ~ * .i¥J B~ Fs' $ fIJ ; Fmfffi"§Z ' ~:@fltI(mz~m{~W~F*.pJTflI~i¥JIf-fFs' r * *Jwr~~Jwr~~J i"~ JCAugenblick; moment). rM~Jm*'~*.ffi¥OOi¥Jr~~. wtJ*m*. (:@f!~¥U~l1~~~~CiJ3.m. Nm1:1:i¥J~~.~ffi~i¥J~m)'~~If-fA~~~ft~1:m~. ~ . !Uft1:iP~ r ff~ J Wi¥J7J<W J !J!Wf! ° 19. *~. -- A ~t.lD~~ftl1'R.;~Z r ~iJm. 8#*.~~Mk-.~~~M'~ •• ~~M+~~M~·~4T~ ~+~~~~.~4~.~.·~~~.~._+_~-D+~~D~. ;ttk~f*.~M. ;. 5I...*.B~M,t±k~fB~M~. ~~Mif,Lo 9. ~~£k**ft (ff~~~M) ~ 65. ... n. ~·-~~.~~~.:-.~~£. .. ~1{;.~M,t±k~~#l ... tIl. (§ 65) n~~~M,t±1t.~AA~1~ ~&¥~~.M~·~~~~. ~ft~t~.lA~~~_'Aft~ff~~~M.l.*~&M·~a. ~~_*~~&¥~M~~~~-~A~AA.~~.~~tIl~*.~~ i~~~. 0.

(18) ,.. 116. ilSLi&X,:k*11**~. ... '. ¥A.1JJ. a~~~~~~~~~ r ~.J~m~'~~#~AZ.~ ~fiS'E.~~-~M~~~~m.~~,®~~r~rrJ~. m.~~.m*omm~~.m.~~&w~*~. •• tt~~~. ~~~as~~~~~,~~ ~ a.rrm~.M~~~rrm.z. ~.~~~.~~*~m~,m~.~~@~H~m.~m~~. rrm.~~'~.~~~*~~*.-.M'~&®~~M.~ ~Fs~mE~~rrm.i'i~~ft&-.M. ; ~~p.~rrttJEL:t¥~. Sein zum Tode; Being-towards-death) ~:mJ::.. 0. (das. mt*£~-f.t~F*. , ~Pf~~a7k~i'igMf~. ~G~~L: ' fgn~~ ~~A~~~~~ •• W.$,u»~a~~~A~L:~~.W ~~, fgftm.i'ig~. ~~. , fffi~~L~~§a**~ ~¥I5IoJJ}r fI ; l±n~F.~J::.IZSlm:. ~OO~.~Z.~'~~**~~L:ill~~~um~z~*~. •• *~~~~~~,~mn~~~-W~.¥ **,u~~~@~ •• ~~~am~~.~,~~m~~~~ ~om.~nOO. fiD~mili~~f,*'€il. 0. £[f.tMl~~ x~m ,~~imB~~~~~1E (gtrm.f~~. sm§ru~~L:,~~#*~tt~~~~L:'@&®~*.~ oott-#~~tt-fi~~~. c m~.~s~tl@~~~~. * '. ~7f~. (~[J*::g-J;)?iF.l~~fg-~Sf9U~EJj~). P91£m.zw:. .~~u~,~~~~mMllimt~.~~.~ff~M~~~~~ §tfiJU~1JDJ;)~~. , fg~f.t~~m~ :~lH!1~~~~am:~p~~Plt '. ~. ® ~ '€il~~~~~.*~~~I~ · wa~~~~.~~U~f.t ~~*tl~~MA~~~~~*:~~.~@~'~~~~~~ ~~w~~aN~~~ffW~~.~.&~-~.~®~~;~. ~~'€il~rr'~m~~m~a~w~~gm~~~rr**ffW M.~*~,~J::.j]. , rr~Di1ttffJ~N~~~~P~~PJtw~]ffi~'€il~ ,. w.m - ~~.~~~~~~~M~.o. 20. ~;g- ~ ~(l984) , ~ '" J; ( A. 1. ~fi..HI~ A-.,.. ). ~. -=- ifi -it + -e~ f1T""t. 0.

(19) §j a~~~ 1:. 7f. M'¥! M BiJ if; ~,t±. 117. ~.~~.~T~~*m.7~~~~m~~~~~m,~. ~@~@¥.ft~~W~~~~~$M®fi~@~ ' ~~*mlli f!f~%~®~¥.~fi&~f)(m:' /f~ (either) ~Ilil' gt~ (or) M~ ~oJ~.M®fi~~~¥.ft.~f)(m:. !&JljU.~.¥f§fqJ. 0. J 21f)(m. '/f~~~'~~~. (Ent-schlul3) - ~ii]~;lt~~M3.~Z~~. i~~~~e*~~~'~~~MM~m~~@;~~*.g~ M~Z~.,~.m.mlli.~zX.o.~u~~~m&~e. ~~~m.ttM~~~(~~e*). - ~~,~~~~~~.. ~'~M~~~,%~.~~~ o @~.m~M~~z~~'~ W~.~~,®.~~@~~~?mM~~-M~~~trm.~ '~~J~ft~~~?B~~~~~~.?~. •• ~~~~?~. *~m~B~~.~~DM~.~*~~WI ~'W~~m.~ ~1& ~~jJ'J~ A~~~M~. , ®~~.g§~DfiiJ"6Jfm~ti~lli*?. fi.m.~.~~~*~*ftf)(m~@@~,@m~~~~ 1&~1&~~-OO]!!f.1J~~f~~~~? ~1&ll:t~"6J~.$¥. /ff7j ? i§:fj~~~~. ' If.¥. (ontical) 6i(5E/f~w.~fi~~LJ5JTfi&~. :5HJT J5JT 1& R. /f Ri§:fl~D~ 'l&J¥ J. ~~§ifB~ (ontological). 0. ~~. ~~~6i(5E'~~J¥~~~~~6i(5E-~@~S.Mmlli~-~. ~~~LJ"i!Jl~miBWnHl!J. -. tt2/f~J5JT1&. 0. 22. m.t~M{J\ ~~. ~~~L~~.~ft~'ff~~;ltft~~~~"6J.~~~A~~. ~'~~7m~fi.mM~~~L •• m*/f~AgaM~~'. U••• @.~g~~L~•• ~ftW~o ~~)fc~m~jipa§'~.t~. : ~~~~ (ontisch; ontical). W~~. ~ifB~ (ontologisch; ontological) , ~~~(existenziell; existentiell). W~~tt~ (existenzial; existential). 21 22. 0. ~~~~W~~~.l§'t~4ij-. Of JU.I. X. ~ (200 1 : 340) , tt~.&.hT 9i)tt! IUl x.tk. iI;:~,~(l979: 247-248) 0. 0.

(20) 118. @ jL j£Li;. @jlJUJlt1'fi¥J '. )v't -'iU. .. ....... **. ¥ :Jt)tJj. :ffl. ff: 1'f ~~i¥JWff:1:E'li i¥Jffi!IH~Jlt 1'f Z ff:i£*5.t¥J. ' @ff: 1:E*5.ft~1N]lJUt¥JJlt1'fffiJ a ~1'fPJijg'liW&,~'tl ' 1:E~1N] (f¥1'f Wff-fFI'i~ ) f!1mttt~1j£1N]lJUt¥JJlt1'fI±l~ , ~j?fgN1J1:t1'ft¥Jff:1:E~ , A ~~f¥1'f~ (Fundametalontologie; fundamental ontology) :U~1j£ ftJlt1'f1$f¥1:E'li t¥J5HJTpM~ ft@1N]f;£1N]lJUJlt1'f¥UJlt1'f*5ffi ' ¥U ~~ff:1'f~Z~1~~1N]~f~ § , 1tH~f~~t~I±lJlt1'f --:1J001'f 'ff: 1'f1§"s"J1fHlz. J (ontischer Vorrang; ontical priority) (lZSI.mllt 1'f ~Aftl!. i¥J@jlJUff:1'f1§".m£~) , ¥f:1J001'f 'ff: 1'f ~t¥Jf:f1lz. J (lZSI.mJlt1'f~ ~~P~ff:1'f~*5.t¥JPJijg'IiW&,~'tl) , 55- :1J 00 X1'f 'ff:1'f::gW ff:1'f~i¥J~1lz. J (lZSI.mJlt*I ~PJT1'fff:1'f~t¥JPJijg'li1~14) 23 0. 0. • • Mft~~~t¥J~ff:1'f~i¥J~~'~1:E1j£Jlt1'ft¥Jff:1:E*5. *~~~t¥J • • o ~1j£ftl!.~~~t¥J-~m~,~.~~at¥J (eigenst; one's ownmost) , (W 1iiJ. A.:& ~ 11ID i:!:t W) /f t§ IUJ t¥J (unbeziiglich; non-relational) W/f ijg ~ ~ A...t t¥J (uniiberholbar; not to be outstripped) 9ll~~t~1E~~1N]A. ~ at¥J~ , 241.§.~Jt@ ~~a~N1'fB~,afu/f~~.' • • J~' • • J~~)~ ~at¥J1E~'~~~1E~i¥J~~m~~N1'f • • t¥J?~ • ...t1m. m~.~1E~U~ • ...t~@~tt.t¥JPJ~~'$~~~OO~~. 8Jl~~~-~* (Noch-nicht; not-yet)(~~t¥J~) , 1'§'EE~~rtt 1'f 2S@1N]' ~~ J1:E~-:1JOO Jlt1'f &'~JiJ!p'x (werden; become) fL 0. 23. ~1.t~(I979 : § 3-4). 24. ~-it,~(1979: 250); • ., .Li!~.::.1mm~~~e,~~*4t{kti1~5itJ!liJiJ. 0. :. ft~t#~~ • • • ati1#~.~~iJiJ.~;~~.m~tAk:~t. iJiJ~~~#~~~~~~~A~~iJiJ~~~#~~.L'~~~~G~~ ~iJiJ.-.~.L.GiJiJ~tU~.l'i!~aaiJiJ~tk.Mfi.-r~ ~~~#~,~~~~~-r~~*o 2S. 0. ~(t~(1979: 242); x~t~t~~.iJiJ;t~~~A*.. G~~t~~~;t ~JHg.*~~~5i 1J!l::e. *. 0. '.

(21) ij ~~~~±JE.M~Mfi-Jif,tI[Ai. ~t::fot*~i¥J El a. '. 119. Jttffifi¥J~~gt~ffl'f (sein; be) - ~{~ J=j ffJC. ~~J=j~' = ~~~~J=j~Ela,.~~J=j~~.~i¥JM.~~ .m~~~i¥J~~,®~Jttl'f~~~i¥JM.~.~W~i¥J~M; ~-1.JOOJttl'fi¥Jfot*~Jl:tl'fElc/r'lHl (bringt sich; bring itself) •. Jj! , ~M~ El c/IIHlflP~7G¥ffl'f. -. m:{~*m~~i¥J5ItffMf El. a. mttm~ - .o~~~~~~ffi~*i¥J~~.~~~MmJttl'fZ r :(£~~ (i¥Jf¥l'f) J (Zu-Ende-sein; Being-at-an-end) , ®MmJl:tl'f. Z. r 11~jli¥Jf¥l'f J (Sein zum Ende; Being-towards-the-end). .R~Jttl'f1£ (~f¥l'f)' t::flP~)j~(T~{'fm- f¥l'fS31.J~. 0. ~. ,J5JTillF .R. , t:::u:flPBJJE J (Sobald ein Mensch zum Leben kommt,. ~AtH~. sogleich ist er alt genug zu sterben.lAs soon as man comes to life, he is at once old enough to die.) 27~-ili~m{tp!mH~f~~~Jl:tl'fZ~ 0. ~ ~. mr. 7G. tt. ~ ~. Being-towards-death). 0. f¥ 1§. (das. J. 26. , MfEl a~11JE~ , 11~~f¥l'f '. 28. : 243) 1979 : 245). iit.ft.~(1979. 27 ~{t~(. zum. Tode;. 28. .t~~1~Jl:tl'fi¥Jf¥1£~fM*~JE~ ~~. Sein. , Ej- @]5jUJttl'f i§'BJ~m. ~f.l111iJfl~'I1:®:Ei¥Jflg:t. , 0. -!caiittt~(1979: 235) , ~. -=-iP ~ -~·~.AU!flT;r- #1t-I£-Z" :t*~6 ~~~~-*M~'.*~a~-!caT:A~~t • • ~kft~~~.A • • • '~kft~~~ft • • ,~.~ft~.*k4ft~.~*~;~ :fI e. i!V.&.. j •. Jl'Ht. (Vereinzelung). ~1t.A.&. i!t" ~ ~ ~6 ~ ~ ~ ~. 0. ~. M"! '. ~ f'J.\. Jlfr fIT ~ it~Jit". § G '. ftit :'Ii;~.l. ~ ~ ~ Jl:t ~ ~fPT ·t;$·~ (Angst)? ~-!ca.~*~;r-~tt~t#*~ • • • ~~ft~.i!t"~~.*(~~~ i!t"~~~6~~)' Angst k1ti!t"~ (~*) ~ Angst' iit.ft. ~!!p"t [" Angst ~fIT1t!!pki!t"~.t.~ J (das Wovor der Angst ist die Welt als solche) (I979: 187) X ~ i"J * #., if ~ ~ ~ ·t;$ ·tt (Unheimlichkeit)? ~ ~ ~ t k # * ~ *'l:t (Privation) , M:. ~ t k unheimlich ~ ; i§. [" *'l:t J ~ t. ~ !!p..(f. 0. 0. ~;r-~~0.~.t.*~. , ~~~t&~~A.~.#*~M~ [" ~~J ~~:#to.

(22) ~. ~. ~. 120. 3LitUi; :k~'*J~~,*1i. .". ¥ ILAA. K~m~• •~m~filli~~~"~~.$o~~am~~~~. r 1'Fff.S%J1f;m-..... rm"~ J an: r £m-8*~~ .....rm"~ J ($.tl:)' r 5tJrm-§ C J ("~. ~f.~~*mffJ -=- @IIl'{ifJ3~~~: ~),. 't1). 0. ~7EL~~f!.MD1ilJJiJl:c-=@I~~PI~;fJTtI:D~QJE. ? l'&.f~tlpmlli. r~ffm- §cJ~.~~ ~~~~§crm.~~.,E~tt~L. "~$ ~~.~w~~.tt ,~~m~M~~~ Lm.~~ • • §c~-=-@Itt~~m~~o~~~ • • ~~~~~~~"~,E. ~B*M~mm~tt,~~~*~tt~Ltt~~~~~m~rm.. ~.~*ww~~A,w.~~m~~~~"~m~oDm~~ ~"~m~g~t~ 7EL ~m~g. , m~g~7E LW/f 5M~~lfrb~~i1J~g. 'l;1m*u~JEl1l' l'&.~~~Jl:C1f~m§g'~BPlm$'6iJifiUc~wfE ~oom~g't1.~IJ!.~1:EMpJTt~ffJ. ,30. : 1:E-~pq:t£~~pJT~~8-j~. ~~~~~~~.~fi~~m~1offi~~ r~ffm-§cJ ~.. ~p~7ELZ ~~~m!~ f]B8~.'11' .~i&&@I53U8-jJl:C~~~~D~L ~D. '. '. r £:O~B*~1:E ..... ffij"~ J ~ rm$JLt~J5( Jl:c~~7EL/f. K~EJrT Jlt~§ ~&* gG1)j~iHH1~ Lrm"~. Jlt~§~&*gG1)j~~M~L~ z"~~. ••. ; illt!1j§~ r 1'Fff.S%J~~ ..... ffij"~ J Wl:~). ~go~.@*~:~L.~"~.Z~~tt*~. ~£~1Q.-a"~. , ~.Wm~-=@.~p~*ti~~f.$. 31 0. • • ~~M.~LZ~"~~~~tt~,~~~~~~~. ~f)]~.~ (tlP~Ji.:~)' ~F*Ji.:Wt!t{il-~117EL"~z~~~D1pJ ~@J53 ~Jl:~ ~~~Jl~r""m. 29. ~.f..t~(1979. 0. )0. )jj;tt,~(1979. 0. )1. : 251) : 244) ~tt,~(l979 : 251-252). '. 0. ~~tlPi&&!U~~[iJ~{J,~Ul. ' $1tWiR:.

(23) ~ ;fUH~~1.9EM~MB!J~t~A±. ~i¥J ~Jm '. 121. 32¥ ~~;g ~ 1211'flP ~ 1& R:#fl*JT i¥J !ilfiZ§ ~D {PJ 1£@A ~ ..t.. AB.~i¥J~.o~i¥Jm~m~~~~l£~~i¥JH.~g,®.. ~l£..t.®ftmR:m~~~.~-.T.~~~~i¥J~~ffi~.' ;!lHl~ra~W~Fff.Jra~ (7j(1~D ~flJi¥Jmtl:gtE#7\g. 0. * * *. l£M®dX11't)~mtW~F.iTIt~53U~~mWm~te.J~~~ ~i¥J~~,.~u~~m~~~~$~dXm~~Bm~mW~~. .~i¥Jm*.~'UR:.~i¥J.~'~R~~~~i¥Jm.~ew ~~ff.J~~~m~w'~~ • • ~~mm~$~i¥JX.'~12~ ~~maw'~.~~m~$i¥J~~x.o~~~l£~~.i¥J~ !U~~tl:g~~~j1Jzff.J. -. mfu,§13~.iTIti¥J~m,::t~m~t~m.. $MH~~,~tt*~M~i¥J"@o~m~teU.~i¥J~~~~ ~u~~a®~~'~§z'.~~.i¥J~$*~~ffi~~ I~. ' ~~Jtl¥U@53U$ • ..t.®* ' #fl~f@:1~~ - ~!t ~i¥J~T7Uf)(!M : m- , m~te~DfQ}~@53U$.i¥J I ~~ J 5ttJT tH~ r ~~ J i¥JX~ , ~~DfQ)~ I ~~~ J 5tffTi±\ I ~~. J '. lfJ. ::f~M$Jt. ~1~~i¥JJ5ttJTi±\'~~tti¥JJX~'~.~~~~~OOA$ .PJT~~i¥J. ?m= '. ~i!f~D-J!:..b~~pMttffi¥J. : dX11tR~~ftl!A. i¥J~~~.'®~.~ai¥J~~~.'U~m.te~~~~~Jm 1tfll53Ui¥J~~5ttJTi±\~~XMiflP~[IlJl?. m= , flP~l£m.t~i¥J. ~~5tfJT$pM~z '*~ (~)J ~~mIi!Jtl¥U@53U* •. ..t.® ,@ ~dX11'~1~ ~ I *'W J1& ' ~i§.T flP.iBi1~i±\ ? ~ § Z' r ~ J. J2i$:~~(1979: § 54-60); p;,~""t~, tA a~*M~.t~*. t,,,,. (Gewissen) J.!,*.J!t-~.g,~, ifiJ. •• ~ •• ~,a~~*~~.,~.~~*a.. ,I c.SIJ • • ;ftM - Jltl!rk~;jf (Entschlossenheit), :Jto~;;f~1l1f*IIIl4:. lil*·.

(24) . ",..,.. 122. WI. ~.l'LiEt){;.k~~~~:W.. fj J ~:afi~il - OJE m-~~. 1n!r,,'~. ~. ~1L~JI. ?. ••M~(~~W~OO)~.~.~~.~~.~. , ~~:ffllt11i¥-JJJut~7G'tB,* ' TIt/f~~-ti7~M§jfBW@l. ; 331gflP1tll:t.~:15Y!RX:JtJT ' -ili/ffi~i!11~m-=~b~j{~ , ffij. ~.~.** ~'~m. •• ~(~~W~OO)~/f~R~~~~~ ~~ ~. •• ~m~~:aw~w.~~• • ~~~,~lltm.~. ff~~~-.§jfB~~Zrr7M§jfB,MrntB~.~~.~M~~ '~'J ~f.j*lUMf4~~~. I. ::tfi~~ff~mI.. 'N J. '. mm~ (ff:. ~W~rsD ~ logos ~ phenomenon tmf!1J.L-~§cli!.~tld:15A~* ~. 0. ¥~m=~b. mlrs'~*~~. : ~.l~pJT~§jfB~7ELJ~.~;\@/f~!3a~~L::~hl. , /f~1j:£~m5lmlll'~~tf'~~A¥O~~~~{J'~~Wl1::.[Il'~. '€~~{J'JH~~. ,. ~Dllt~m~7EL::Ml~~~~/ffi~~fX*APJT*~.~. ~o-~A~~~m&®ti~A~~L::~~~~'@m. •• ~~. ~fXti~A~L::~~~.~W=.'~~~~~~A*.~~ L::°~m~~. •••~m~R~§a7EL::~~~ltt~L::~~J. ~~.,~~ti~~A~7EL::~~m®*§att~L::~~~~. • ' ~®~ft!!.A~~L::*~.~/f~J16 § az tt7EL::ff1§~*~.. 33. 0. 1§tI..!to~.tt~1Hl:.11 (Dasein) ~41!!-411 (das In-der-Welt-sein) .:t.. r 4 411 J (In-Sein; Being-in) 7)-#~;f:;Ue..i(BiJ r 4"-'" J ~r.U;iJ, , iliJ k1144·ti.JaBiJ r -%lIm- ..... J (wohnen bei...) ~ r ~.tm- ..... ; "'~.fflm- ..... JI (vertrautsein mit...) BiJ:tiJ. (1979: 54): 1tm-1!!--rr- (Welt) ~ttBiJk1!!-.J'!.. ·ti (Weltlichkeit) i0;tiJ, (1979: 86): 1tm-~10041!!-411.tt~jf~*m .tt:f. (Sorge-Struktur)(SZ, S. 180ff.) i!4l::tJlk~ft411 ;f-7)-lJf tll411~BiJ .~o. ... 0. ;f-M~BiJ~k:k~..!to~~.MBiJ~~~r*'BiJJ*.f. i!;100A.PIT~11 ?4.ttt~"'-ttAHitJ!l' *tt~1J;(-t1t41ti;/~9Jl (hinweisen; show)' iliJ~fti9Jl (beweisen; prove) BiJ.L1t, 1!!tt1t,~l!~ r;/~9JlJ BiJ BJlti·tik~l~*BiJ (1994: 5ff.) ~~ooa~.: (~a.~*Am~.:t..&~:-.'~~*.:t..~.) '# Jill k(2001: 52-54); ~ (~a.~# • .tJ.) (2001 : 394-397) 0. 0.

(25) ~ ~~~~!i.7tra'~M W-J ~~.t1.. 123. ~~li. l!:b~. , "'1=1 it r:t. -m.~~~Am~~~.@mw~~,~~tt~~~~~ ~~. •• ~8.~~7WmW~ •• M% o. fHf-1iJ~~ 7 ~liJmW~ r~~Jll~J. mF.S r ~J. (Nichts; nothing). tt~ r~J 2~)¥:. 1. 1. ~~~~I~.~W. ,~@ r ;~:JjI~ J IlPF.SmH~;f~. ~Wf1~@~~~i!W~~2f1~. mHM~IlPt)j1fi1tW*~ii. 0. 35;$:)C~.~Jj~. •• ~am.~~~M~~I~~W fir~ J ~' . ~ffi~~liJ~am.~~~ •• w~~ o @a~ ~~WW~~liJr~ J ?M•• ~~am.~ ~ .F.S.~n~~ ~oott*~ffi' •• ~fu~~aM.m~~~m.~~nmffiW #;$:R~~oott*~ffi'~E~.ili~~~W~@mw~.~ • • '~W~r~ J ~ilifr~Wf1~~@~OOtt~~~I@~~~ 2:i!A¥U;$:R·ti~~rs~ ~f¥1'IJHj~ , ~ r 5m}13rs~~ 7J<1R J ~~ ? AW~@i!W~~.M~M. 1. :jtrs~.fiO~~.5J:.il:J\JJSjl~. ,. ~.WtJ:m~~f~. 0. iEl.~~ • • ;f~~~. @mmmM'~~OOW#~OOmM~~~W~~.F.S:. ••~.. tt~*~~~~amlli~a'A~~~.~ili*•• ~.~~ * ~~~ ~ it_itt: (Ere ignis) ~~. 1. 37f¥1'If1J1:t1'I:I¥JJHjMIlP~~A. 1t~r #., J 1t-]1f~ Mn-t-~~it~(1986: 31-42)' 'ft'~(1997 : 106-121) H~it~~ { #~._M)~-~~~~~#~.~_MIt-].~'~-~ ~~~~#~~.~It-]#~~~*ro_M**~~.l;~~It-]_Mk. 35. 0. ~%.qf~A_M '1t~k~"_M. ;. :i!~"f~~Jlt~1t-] ~ ~~,tt!,-~. ~.i!l&~1~.qf~._M *JJt~1t~-l'r-1t-] ~D. -#~. (1995 :. 1Ul.i!J:.. ' ~ - ~ ~ ~ ~~,tt!,1t-] • • ~Jlt~'f·.-t-~a~.. 115-119)1t#~ »';~,tt!,~.~~4I-_r.VIT1t~It-]#~ ~ ~#~ ~. ~Jtktlut 37. -.ro~.It-]_Mtl~. .. ,. *". ~ 1t. .1'1' It-] ;fIl't :t: Jt ( ~'" ~ ~ ) (Beitrdge zur Philosophie - yom Ereignis) t-.~ ~Jlt.:f:~ 1,J til ~ •.

(26) 1~. ~~.k~.~. ~lHtk!3 ~B"J~1'F. 0. .... ..... J~M. ~~~IHj~:1i~5$~B"JtEi!V3~~ El =tt~~tm1J. JEcf&JRffilfHfT1:@~B"J~~. 0. m=tt~~~~7~ElOOti~rfiJ '~@~*.B"J~att. 1:'~.~~.~.~~*~~ • • ~fi~.~~mA'@~~ ~~~.~mB"Jft~°=tt~.~~ • • ~W.K~~El~~~tE -~~=tt11'~¥Um.f~~@l£m~#. '. fit!~ El OOf-]~7(:ttl!Wm$. fffi~ fu~ ~ =ttlmJlWf¥UJELB"J r,,'~.Kff ~~ 1m .~H!w' ~!f,jRP~~~jftf~*.~l£B"J~@. 0. 0. , E ~ =tt11~:ff. EEJtt=tt~ili~BJ3 8~f~~pfT. ~nC*~~h~ttJEC~flB"J!l!~:\!~1. 0. ~~~l£.~~m~w~.1:JE~eB"J=tt~~ill.~~m W~M.~,=tt~~ill~fl • • ~1:ZM~.rtB"JEl=tt~~~. 1J ° l£m~~~~~,=tt~.WOOfiJEcB"JAfl~~~~~B"J.. ±§t BZZ~=tt~.~~fiJEcB"J·mid~cp~ '.RflglW~fi§, t)fi' 0. ffflfuR l£JttlW~ 9? ~1f:I~1U~H~~. *. ~@OO fi JE C iffi!l!1I*fT1:. 0. 38 =tt. ~~~H~.*• • E~'@.R~l£mffi~~~*B"Jm~o~~ !l!~B"J~. : .~ -. X;A~~BJ3 (beweisen; prove) - m~=tt{j'~~. iW7*.B"J~1£' 1El.=tt11'~Qi1iiJl£i~BJ3 (hinweisen; show) 1m~1:~E. ~e • • B"J~@,!f,j~~~~'h~BZ~~WEl~*~B"J • • ~. 1£?. 384~~. .... •• *.~ ••• ). ~Mm~A«. ~~~~~~r.RJ~~.'~(~~.~. '~.«~I.~.~~. •• ·~~a~~~m. ~*R~a~~~.~.~*Ro4*~aA*~.r.«J~.~' .~~.M&~~~~~H~~4~M.~t.'.H~~.tl~a9. ·ti1J}4i!.ft ~ . -tJ!& ill e. 'tf ~ilfr-t~~ r ~ a J (Ur-Ich; original ego) ~ i~.' 1t-t ~ ilfr a (Vor-Ich; fore-ego) ~ i~.· ~< -tJ!& ill ~*it,~ )(\995) ~-t:'AI'l'J-.t0.

(27) ~ a~~~1.?E.rp'Jl!M {f.J ~~·t1.. 125. ~~.§. qt)(.§. )( ~ JfJjE (1998) it 11 1':: (~ ), (W ~f- =tg 0. *. j:) , ~ ~t. :. ~~o. m~ ~ ~ tfr). , ~ ~t : it ~J~ ~l X. ~ (2001) (~~ ~ t4- =tg *) , ~ ~t : 1i l¥i tl X. ~ (2001 5f 12 JJ ) <~ ~ j] ~ f! ~ i: R ,~, : -100 1f 'ti j] i: 11'- ~ ) ,J~ ~A ~ , 1Jj Jt ~UJ16)' (h1 JfJ /I~' J! ~ jE ) , r 1{ 'ti ~ jE : J! ~ ~ .. it ft ~! J ~l :5C ~ (1995). 0. (*)L~.. 0. *. .~. 0. , 12: 49-76. *'" ~ ~ , 11 -lit- f!fJ. ,. 0. 0. 5f 11 JJ). (2001. JHI~~*). * * **. 0. 0. <I4it f4- ~ :!t J'lf JJPJL l¥J. (=tg*#tt) '37:60-86. <:i! ~1.~tfri: if {f :tg *). 0. *. 'if- -=- '. :1! :i UJ16 ) , (if {f i. ~ ~ A :i r,,~ ~} , Ji 37 -100 -ff)!:**:i!t;f±o m%fX: (1984) (A:ii:B*~~~J16) , ~~t: *:i ~ ~ 11 T (1973) 'mH1g: ~ ) 'h1 :fjt ( ~') , ~ ~t : J\:; lli AA. -t± ( ~ 4 AA.) ~ ~ ;fi (1997) < ffiJ L ;it 1't Jf? ) , < r Jf) ffiJ L ;it 1't Jf ? J t~ ~c ) ~ < r Jf) ffiJ L ;it 1t Jf ? J 1J § ) , 1f-ffiJ ~O,) , . (~tJ) 'Ji 103-122' 303-312 ,. m % fX: (1971). *. 0. *. 0. 0. 0. *. (. * 0. 0. 365-382. 0. 0. *. *. *.

(28) . ..". 126. ~ Jui ~i; A ~ {g-. *'". ~fi. ~ it. JlJl. 91-xlf§ Heidegger, M. (1962). Being and Time. translated by John Macquarrie & Edward Robinson, New York: Harper & Row.. Heidegger, M. (1979). Sein und Zeit. Ttibingen: Mohr. Heidegger, M. (1986). Was ist Metaphysik? Frankfurt a. M.: Klosterman. Heidegger, M. (1988). Ontologie (Hermeneutik der Faktizittit) , Gesamtausgabe Bd. 63, Frankfirt a. M.:. Klostermann. Heidegger, M. (1994). Zollikoner Seminar. Hrsg.: Medard Boss, Frankfurt a. M.: Klostermann. Heidegger, M. (1996). Being and Time. translated by Stambaugh, Joan: State University of New York Press. Husserl, E. (1950). Cartesianische Meditationen und Pariser Vortrage. Hrsg.: S. Strasser, Hua Bd. I, Den. Haag: Nijhoff Husserl,. E.. (1954).. Wissenschaften Phanomenologie.. Die. Krisis. und Eine. die. der. europaischen transzendentale. Einleitung. in. die. phanomenologische Philosophie, Hua Bd. VI, Hrsg.:. W. Biemal, Den Haag: Nijhoff..

(29) ~ a~~~1.7EM~MfIJ. ipWHt. 127. Husserl, E. (1959). Erste Philosophie (1923/24). Zweifer. Teil: Theorie der phaenomenologischen Reduktion. Hua Bd. VIII, Hrsg.: R. Boehm, Den Haag: Nijhoff. Husserl,. E.. (1966).. Zur. Phanomenologie. des. Zeifbewuj3tseins (1893-1917). Hua Bd. X, Hrsg.: R. Boehm, Den Haag: Nijhoff. Windelband, W. (1980). Lehrbuch der Geschichte der. Philosophie, Tiibingen: Mohr. Wen-Sheng, Wang. (1994). Das Dasein und das Ur-lch, Frankfurt a.M.: Peter Lang..

(30) 128. ~ JLi!titJ A"{f""~. ~. JLIJl. .... '. Paradox between the Self-Transcendence and the Life-Death-Problem The issue of the life-death-problem in. Hussed and Heidegger. Wen-Shang Wang. Abrstract Husserl and Heidegger propose different conceptions of Self-Transcendence: Husser! sees the constitution of the world founded on the transcendental subject which holds the significance of Self-Transcendence; Heidegger thinks the disclosedness of Being (Sein) as the Whither (Wohin) of the Self-Transcendence of Being-There (Dasein). Life or Death of the transcendental subject means the possession or loss of the ability of knowing and discoursing upon the world (including the discoursing upon Life and Death). Life and Death of Being-There makes an issue of the whole structure of the Being-in-the-world. But here an authentic (unlimited) and an inauthentic (limited) whole of Being-There need be differentiated. As experience of death, Being-towards- death can turn over the factical, thrown and limited whole of Being-There into the.

(31) § a~~~1.7E. MMM 8iJ 'P~'ri. 129. existential, projected and unlimited whole of Being-There. The authentic whole of Being-There is not closed by the facti cal life and death, but open for an authentic "life" as the disclosedness of Being. Because the constitution and discourse upon the world knowledge belongs to the factical and closed sphere of Being-There, so the discourse upon life and death is not the experience of death itself which let Being-There disclosed. The Husserlian transcendental subject, who benefits all discourses, must at first "die", so that the Heideggerian Being-There can be open for the authentic "life". The discourse - above all the "proof' - often lets us be far from the authentic existence; but how can we be aware of and reflect the our ownmost authentic existence only by " showing" the life-death-problem?. Keywords: phenomenology, temporality, self-transcendence, life-death-problem, Husserl, Heidegger, Tang ehlin-Yi.

(32)