Frequency Handbook for Chinese Language Teachers and Students)ˤ冢⊿ⶪ烉⋿
⣑㚠⯨ˤ
恊⽿佌炷2011炸ˤ⮵⢾㻊婆娆⼁㔁⬠㱽⇅㍊ˤJournal of the Chinese Language Teachers Association [JCLTA]炻46(2), 71-97ˤ
旖㮷㆟剛炷2008炸ˤ㻊崲Ṣ䧙ẋ娆⮵㭼䞼䨞㻊崲Ṣ䧙ẋ娆⮵㭼䞼䨞㻊崲Ṣ䧙ẋ娆⮵㭼䞼䨞㻊崲Ṣ䧙ẋ娆⮵㭼䞼䨞ˤ⺋大ⷓ䭬⣏⬠婆妨⬠⍲ㅱ䓐婆妨⬠⮰
㤕䡑⢓婾㔯炷㛒↢䇰炸ˤ
㜿暒沛炷2008炸ˤ㲘⚳⇅䳂㻊婆⬠佺侭㔀徘橼婆䭯扄㍍ᷳ䞼䨞㲘⚳⇅䳂㻊婆⬠佺侭㔀徘橼婆䭯扄㍍ᷳ䞼䨞㲘⚳⇅䳂㻊婆⬠佺侭㔀徘橼婆䭯扄㍍ᷳ䞼䨞㲘⚳⇅䳂㻊婆⬠佺侭㔀徘橼婆䭯扄㍍ᷳ䞼䨞ˤ攨⣏⬠婆妨⬠⍲
ㅱ䓐婆妨⬠⮰㤕䡑⢓婾㔯炷㛒↢䇰炸ˤ
≇傥ᷣ佑冯㻊婆婆㱽
⻝⮞㜿炷2010炸ˤ徜性冯㲃⊾ʇ➢㕤 HSK ≽ンἄ㔯婆㕁⹓䘬㈲⫿⎍佺⼿侫⮇ˤᶾᶾᶾᶾ
娆⹓⮷䳬 (1998a) ˤ娆柣录℠娆柣录℠娆柣录℠娆柣录℠炻ᷕ⣖䞼䨞昊ᷕ㔯娆䞍嬀⹓⮷䳬㈨埻⟙⏲ 98-01ˤ冢
⽟婆⋨㻊婆㔁⬠⋼㚫炷2010炸ˤ⮵㕘㻊婆㯜⸛侫娎䘬⸦枭婒㖶ˤ2010 ⸜ 8 㚰 1 㖍炻
⭂㕡㱽䘬ㅱ䓐ˤALTE 4th International Conferenceˤ㲊嗕烉㉱䥹ˤ2012
⸜ 3 㚰 1 㖍炻⍾冒
惕拎ℐ炷1998炸ˤ⽆妰慷䎮妋婆妨娵䞍ˤ庱㕤悺▱⼍(T'sou, Benjamin K.)䫱炷ᷣ䶐炸ˤ 㻊婆妰慷冯妰䬿䞼䨞
㻊婆妰慷冯妰䬿䞼䨞 㻊婆妰慷冯妰䬿䞼䨞
㻊婆妰慷冯妰䬿䞼䨞(pp. 15-30)ˤ楁㷗烉楁㷗❶ⶪ⣏⬠ˤ
惕䶰ˣ㚡忊䓓炷2012炸ˤ厗婆⎍㱽㕘婾炷ᶳ炸ˤ冢⊿ⶪ烉㬋ᷕ㚠⯨ˤ
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ߕᒵ CEFR ᡏᇟقૈΚ௶ॊȐচЎȑ
(ᒵԾ COE, 2001, p.24, Table 1)
ߕᒵΒ ACTFL ύЎૈΚᆜाຒ༼ᇟݤ௶ॊȐᐚᕭހȑ
悥゛屟ˤ ᷕⰙ嶗炸ˤ
ḇ㖶䘥ᷣ天娆⸷ᶵ⎴䘬ね
怠⒒攨⤥烎炸烊
A
ߕᒵΟ ཥ HSK 1-3 ભਸѡࠠᇟݤᗺ
婆㱽溆 ᶨ䳂䭬ἳ Ḵ䳂䭬ἳ ᶱ䳂䭬ἳ
䈡㬲
⎍✳
1.ˬ㗗˭⫿⎍ ⤡㗗ㆹ䘬⎴⬠ˤ ⤡㗗ㆹ䘬⎴⬠ˤ ⤡㗗ㆹ䘬⎴⬠ˤ 2.ˬ㚱˭⫿⎍ ᶨ⸜㚱 12 ᾳ㚰ˤ ᶨ⸜㚱 12 ᾳ㚰ˤ ᶨ⸜㚱 12 ᾳ㚰ˤ 3.ˬ㗗Ƀ䘬˭Į⻟婧㗪攻ġ
ġ ġ ġ ġ ġ ġ ġ ġ ġ ġ ġ ġ ⻟婧⛘溆ġ ġ ġ ġ ġ ġ ġ ġ ġ ġ ġ ġ ġ ⻟婧㕡⺷
ㆹ㗗㗗㗗㗗㗐⣑Ἦ䘬䘬䘬䘬ˤ 忁㗗㗗㗗㗗⛐䀓干䪁屟䘬䘬䘬ˤ䘬
⤡㗗㗗㗗㗗⛸梃㨇Ἦ䘬䘬䘬䘬ˤ
ㆹ㗗㗗㗗㗗㗐⣑Ἦ䘬䘬䘬䘬ˤ 忁㗗㗗㗗㗗⛐䀓干䪁屟䘬䘬䘬䘬ˤ
⤡㗗㗗㗗㗗⛸梃㨇Ἦ䘬䘬䘬䘬ˤ
ㆹ㗗㗗㗗㗗㗐⣑Ἦ䘬䘬䘬䘬ˤ 忁㗗㗗㗗㗗⛐䀓干䪁屟䘬䘬䘬䘬ˤ
⤡㗗㗗㗗㗗⛸梃㨇Ἦ䘬䘬䘬䘬ˤ 4.㭼
庫⎍
㭼 Ṳ⣑㭼㗐⣑⅟ˤ Ṳ⣑㭼㗐⣑⅟ˤ
Ṿㆹᶨ㧋檀ˤ ᶲ㴟㰺㚱⊿Ṕ恋湤⅟ˤ
(嶇)…ᶨ㧋
㰺㚱(㚱)…恋湤(忁湤)
5.㈲⫿⎍ ㆹ㈲堋㚵㲿Ḯˤ
6.塓≽⎍ 埴㛶䭙塓⎠㨇㊧崘Ḯˤ
7.忋≽⎍ Ṿ㭷⣑榶干ᶲ䎕ˤ
8.⬀䎦⎍ 㟴⫸ᶲ㓦叿ᶨ㛔㚠ˤ
9.ℤ婆⎍ ⮷䌳⎓ㆹ⍣Ṿ⭞䍑ˤ
ߕᒵѤ!IB Chinese ᇟݤᗺ!ȐᒵԾ IBO, 2002, pp.20-22ȑ!
婆㱽
娆栆
⎵娆 ⷠ夳䓐㱽
⛐⎵娆⇵≈㔠娆慷娆 堐䎦墯㔠䘬ᶱ䧖ⷠ夳㕡⺷
⎵娆⇵≈㔠慷娆 Ṣ䧙ẋ娆⼴≈ ˨Ᾱ˩
䓙⎍⫸ᷕ䘬℞⬫ㆸ↮堐䣢
⤪烉⃭䔞䉨婆䘬∗娆Ⱦ悥ȿ Ⱦℐȿ䫱 ⎵娆䘬慵䔲
≽娆 ⷠ夳䓐㱽
ⷞ╖屻婆䘬⍲䈑≽娆 ⷞ暁屻婆䘬⍲䈑≽娆 ᶵ⍲䈑≽娆
≽娆䘬⏎⭂⼊⺷
᷎↿偗⭂⼊⺷⏎⭂⼊⺷堐䣢㍸⓷ ≽娆冯≽ン≑娆
≽娆冯墄婆䘬斄Ὢ ⸦ᾳ䈡㬲≽娆 㗗
㚱 ⛐
≽娆䘬慵䔲
ⷠ夳䘬≽ἄ䉨ン䘬堐䣢㕡㱽 忚埴
㊩临 ⬴ㆸ ⮯天䘤䓇 忶⍣⬴ㆸ
≑≽娆 ⷠ夳䓐㱽
≑≽娆䘬⏎⭂⼊⺷
᷎↿偗⭂⼊⺷⏎⭂⼊⺷堐䣢㍸⓷
⼊⭡娆 ⷠ夳䓐㱽
⼊⭡娆⇵≈䦳⹎∗娆 ⼊⭡娆䘬⏎⭂⼊⺷
᷎↿偗⭂⼊⺷⏎⭂⼊⺷堐䣢㍸⓷ ⼊⭡娆䘬慵䔲
㔠娆 ⷠ夳䓐㱽 㔠娆 ⸷㔠 䫔 㤪㔠
惘役䘬Ḵᾳ㔠娆忋䓐 ⸦
⣂ Ἦ ᶲᶳ ⶎ⎛
Ⱦ⋲ȿ䘬䓐㱽
䓐Ⱦ⸦Ⱦ冯ȿ⣂⮹ȿ㍸⓷ 慷娆 ⎵慷娆䘬ⷠ夳䓐㱽
≽慷娆䘬ⷠ夳䓐㱽
ⷠ䓐⎵慷娆⎵娆䘬㏕惵 ⷠ䓐≽慷娆≽娆䘬㏕惵 拊䘬堐䣢㕡㱽
㗪攻䘬堐䣢㕡㱽 ẋ娆 Ṣ䧙ẋ娆䘬ⷠ夳䓐㱽 ㊯䣢ẋ娆䘬ⷠ夳䓐㱽 䔹⓷ẋ娆䘬ⷠ夳䓐㱽
∗娆 ⷠ夳䓐㱽 堐䣢㗪攻 ㇵ ⯙
∃
堐䣢婆㯋
堐䣢㌺昌 昌炷Ḯ炸 忋娆 ⷠ夳䓐㱽 堐䣢᷎↿
嶇 ⎴ 冯 ⍲ ᷎ 侴
ᶵỮɃ侴ᶼ 堐䣢⚈㝄 ⚈䁢Ƀẍ ᷳẍɃ㗗⚈䁢 ⚈㬌
堐䣢㡅ẞ ⎒天 ⎒㚱 昌朆 堐䣢`姕 ⤪㝄 天㗗 堐䣢廱㉀
晾䃞ɃỮ㗗 䚉䭉Ƀ怬 堐䣢怠㑯 ㆾ侭
天湤Ƀ天湤 堐䣢↿冱
ἳ炷㭼ˣ媠炸⤪
≑娆 ⷠ夳䓐㱽 ≽ン≑娆 Ḯ 叿
忶 䳸㥳≑娆 䘬 ⛘ ⼿ 婆㯋≑娆 ╶ ␊ ⏏ 㫶娆
ⷠ夳䓐㱽 堐䣢╂
┪ 堐䣢䫼ㅱ ⑶ 堐䣢樂㫶 ⑶⏨
堐䣢岲㫶 ⓲ 尉倚娆 ⷠ夳䓐㱽 ⑰⑰
◑◑

⎖☡
◿忂 ġ Ƀġ ġ
⎍㱽ġ ġ
╖⎍ġ ġ ġ ġ ➢㛔䘬㻊婆婆⸷ġ ġ ġ ġ ġ ġ ġ ġ ġ 昛徘⎍ġ
ġ ġ ġ ġ ġ ġ ġ ġ 䔹⓷⎍ġ
⸦䧖䈡㬲䘬≽娆媪婆⎍
Ⱦ㗗ȿ⫿⎍
Ⱦ㈲ȿ⫿⎍
Ⱦ㚱ȿ⫿⎍
Ⱦ塓ȿ⫿⎍
忋≽⺷
ⷠ䓐墯⎍
᷎↿墯⎍
斄倗娆
⍰Ƀ炻⍰Ƀ ᶨ怲Ƀ炻ᶨ怲Ƀ ᶨɃ炻⯙Ƀ ᶵỮɃ炻侴ᶼɃ ㆾ侭Ƀ炻ㆾ侭Ƀ ᶵ㗗Ƀ炻⯙㗗Ƀ ῷ㬋墯娆
斄倗娆
晾䃞Ƀ炻Ữ㗗Ƀ ⚈䁢Ƀ炻ẍɃ 䓙㕤Ƀ炻ẍɃ ⎒天Ƀ炻⯙Ƀ ⎒㚱Ƀ炻ㇵɃ 昌朆Ƀ炻ㇵɃ ᶨɃ炻⯙Ƀ ⤪㝄Ƀ炻⯙Ƀ
ߕᒵϖ!IGCSE Chinese ᇟݤᗺ!ȐᒵԾ IGCSE, 2009, Appendix 4ȑ!
ߕᒵϤ!TOCFL ᇟୃᇤচ߾ᆶҢٯ!
㧁姀⣏⍇⇯烉
1. ⃰㾷奥⬠䓇ᶨ㭝㔯⫿炻ℵ攳⥳㧁姀ˤ炷⮵⬠佺侭婆妨天㚱ᶨ⭂䦳⹎䘬娵䞍炸 2. 㰢⭂ℓ⣏栆ᷕ䘬⒒ᶨ栆炻ℵ㰢⭂㫉栆ˤ䳘䭨天㲐シ䘬ḳ枭炻䴻⮓⛐栆⇍ᶳ朊
ㆾἳ⫸ᷕ炻婳娛嬨ˤ
3. ➢㛔ᶲ炻㧁姀悥㧁䣢⛐拗婌䓐㱽䘬⼴朊炻夳ᶳ朊䣢ἳˤ
4. ⍇⇯ᶲ炻⃀慷ᶵ㓡⬠䓇⍇Ἦ䘬婆妨䳸㥳炻⤪ἳ炷1炸炻⃒⃰⛐ˬ悥㚱Ƀ˭忁ᾳ 㟮㝞㓡炻ᶵ⺢嬘㓡䳸㥳ˬ悥⼰Ƀ˭ˤ
5. ⭂⺷炷⎍✳炸拗婌㧁姀⃒⃰㕤℞⬫栆㧁姀炻⤪ἳ炷23炸炷24炸ˤ
6. ⃀慷ᶵ㓡⬠䓇ἧ䓐婆妨堐忼シ⿅䘬㕡⺷炻⚈䁢ṾᾹ䘬婆妨傥≃㚱旸ˤἳ⤪烉ㅱ 娚婒ˬ楽榃˭炻⬠䓇⮓ˬ攳㰥干䘬Ṣ˭烊ˬㄞ䓇㚫˭炻ṾᾹ⮓ˬㄞ䤅㚫˭ˬ䓇 㖍㚫˭ˤ
7. ᶵ㓡⬠䓇⮓ἄ䘬桐㟤炻ἳ⤪炻╄㬉⛐≽娆ᷳ⇵≈ˬ㚱˭ˬ㚫˭ㆾˬἮ˭䫱ˤỮ
⤪㝄ᶵ㗗桐㟤䘬⓷柴炻侴㗗ἧ䓐拗婌炻天㧁姀ˤ
[L]
娆⼁ἧ䓐拗婌娆⼁ἧ䓐拗婌炻ᶳ↮忁ṃ㫉栆炷䃉㱽㰢⭂㗗ᶳ朊⒒ᾳ㫉栆䘬炻㓦 L ⌛⎗炸娆⼁ἧ䓐拗婌娆⼁ἧ䓐拗婌[Ln] ⎵娆ἧ䓐拗婌
(1) ⚈䁢枛㦪㗗⣏悐ấ䘬Ṣ斄⽫䘬ḳ炻ẍṢṢ悥㚱⤥⣯[Ln]ˤ炷⽆ᶲᶳ㔯䚳炻
⬠䓇天堐忼䘬㗗ṢṢ悥㚱冰嵋炸
(2) ⽆ㆹ䘬⽫栀[Ln]゛㱽Ἦ䚳炻ㆹ゛⼰⣂Ṣḇ㚫⎴ね炻侴ᶼ╄㬉ᶲ忁ᾳ䘬[R]
冰[Lm]埴㤕ˤ [Lv] ≽娆ἧ䓐拗婌
(3) ⚈䁢⤡⎗ẍ倆[Lvr]㛶⣏㖶䘬堋㚵⼰楁炻㉥䄁䘬␛忻炻ẍ侩ⷓ⯙䞍忻㛶
⣏㖶娎娎[Lv]槁⤡炰 (娎娎ɦ゛/▿娎/娎叿) (4) ⼰檀冰夳㚫朊[Lv]Ἀ炰 (夳㚫朊ɦ夳⇘/䚳⇘)
(5) ṾᾹ⍣嶛准嶇╅┌惺怬㚱俲⣑⼿⼰[R]炻⚈䁢ṾᾹᶱᾳ⼰ᷭ㰺䚳⇘[Lv]Ḯ (䚳⇘ɦ夳朊)
(6) 䃞⼴⾓⾓[Lm]⽆⭞[M]嵹㬍⇘℔干䪁䫱℔干炻⚈䁢Ṿ⿸⾽[Lv]怚⇘Ḯ侩ⷓ 㚫䓇㯋ˤ (⿸⾽ɦ⾽)
[Lvr] ≽墄⺷≽娆ἧ䓐拗婌 炷ㅱ娚䓐≽墄⺷⌣⎒䓐㠧≽娆ㆾ㗗≽墄⺷䘬墄婆䓐 拗炸
(7) ⬠㟉䘬䴻屣朆ⷠỶ, Ữ㗗天㗗㚱ṢἮ㈲恋⟜堐㺼抬↢Ἦ[Lvr], 㚫嬻恋ᾳ 㘂㚫㭼庫Ƀ (抬↢Ἦɦ抬ᶳἮ/抬崟Ἦ)
(8) 恋墉㚱⼰⣂㕭棐嶇㹓㱱炻ㆹᾹ崘叿崘叿⯙倆[Lvr]Ḯ㹓㱱䘬␛忻ˤ (倆ɦ 倆⇘)