創新的局部特徵、品質與技術面的突破、以一致的原則處理產品面、材質結合色彩
的延用、易辨識富涵意的商標。整體而言,強烈的產品識別與產品內涵反射出的表
現息息相關。內涵反應品牌核心價值,決定產品風格的方向、商標的設計,甚至品
質技術的突破也是為了反應出品牌希望給需消費者的形象。而產品外觀與局部特
徵、產品面的處理、色彩的表現能塑造更完整一致的產品風格。換言之,品牌期望
藉由產品識別提升品牌形象的首要條件,是具備清楚明確的品牌核心價值。產品則
必需以達成品牌核心價值為目標,在產品外觀設計上,依循產品間統一,卻具備與
其他品牌產品區隔的原則盡力發揮,使產品在維持統一卻也具備差異的情況下,成
為品牌核心價值的無形推廣者,藉此達到提升品牌形象的目的。
六、參考文獻:
中文文獻
1. Bernhard E. Burden 著,胡佑宗 譯(1997)。工業設計-產品造形的歷史、理論及實務。台北市:
亞太圖書出版社。
2. Donald A. Norman 著,卓耀宗 譯(2000)。設計心理學。台北:遠流出版公司。
3. Duane E. Knapp 著,袁世珮、黃家慧 譯(2001)。品牌思維-打造優勢品牌的五大策略。台北市:
美商麥格羅‧希爾國際。
4. Lynn B. Upshaw 著,吳紋琪 譯(2000)。建立品牌識別。台北:台視文化。
5. 小林重順(1991)。造形構成心理。藝風堂。
6. 白雲同(2003)。行動電話造形特徵對於消費者辨識與分類特性的關係研究。雲林科技大學工業設 計系碩士論文。
7. 江日瑋(2007)。隱喻類比運用於產品形態設計之研究。朝陽科技大學設計研究所碩士論文。
8. 何明泉、陳威羽(2000)。產品意象統合策略初探。中華民國設計學會第五屆設計學術研究成果研 討會論文集(下冊)。彰化:大業大學。
9. 余承叡(2007)。品牌公司的產品識別手法探討--以台灣陶瓷產業為例。國立臺灣科技大學設計研 究所碩士論文。
10. 吳江山(1991)。CI 與展示。新形象。
11. 呂清夫(1993)。造形原理。雄獅圖書。
12. 李佩珍(2005)。文化創意商品的品牌經營策略研究-以幾米為例。國立交通大學傳播研究所碩士 論文。
13. 李薦宏(1995)。形.生活與設計。台北:亞太圖書出版社。
14. 周皆佑(2005)。產品契合度與品牌認同度對品牌延伸策略之探討-以優派臺灣南區市場為例。樹德 科技大學經營管理研究所碩士班碩士論文。
15. 周開華(1996)。產品識別認知因素之探討。國立台灣科技大學工程技術研究所碩士論文。
16. 林岳儒(1996)。形成產品識別造形因素之探討─以小家電產品例。國立交通大學應用藝術研究所 碩士論文。
17. 林明杰、陳基祥、李昱辰(2007)。品牌形象與產品設計對新產品開發績效影響之研究-以臺灣精品 獎得獎廠商為例。中原企管評論第五卷第一期,頁65-85。
18. 林書堯(1991)。基本造形學。台北:三民書局。
19. 林清雲(2005)。品牌意象與產品識別之一致性研究-以手工具產品為例。國立交通大學應用藝術 研究所碩士論文。
20. 林銘煌(2003)。工業設計思潮:設計思潮與產品造形系列第一部。全華圖書。
21. 林磐聳(1990)。企業識別系統。藝風堂出版社。
22. 洪順慶(2006)。台灣品牌競爭力。天下雜誌出版社。
23. 朗濤設計顧問群 著,余友梅、高蘭馨 譯(1996)。朗濤設計顧問公司的 CI 經驗。台北:聯經出版 事業公司。
24. 翁註重(1993)。產品語意的認知空間架構與向度討論─多向度評量法應用在「產品語意學」的研 究。國立台灣科技大學工程技術研究所碩士論文。
25. 袁本秀(1989)。略論形象與意象。臺中商專學報第二十一卷,頁 123-128。
26. 高林于(2003)。產品形象與企業形象的相互關係研究-以行動資訊產品為例。華梵大學工業設計碩 士班碩士論文。
27. 高清漢(1997)。當前臺灣產品形象的地位探討。國立交通大學應用藝術研究所碩士論文。
28. 許言、郭俊顯(2006)。品牌形象與產品造形之關係探討。工業設計 115,第 34 卷第 2 期,頁 193-198。
29. 康芳琮(2006)。企業識別系統、體驗行銷對品牌形象關係之研究—以統一星巴克咖啡為例。輔仁 大學管理學研究所碩士論文。
30. 張文智、蔡仁祥(2001)。產品系列化設計之研究。設計學報,第 1 卷第 6 期,頁 55-65。
31. 張秉節(2005)。品牌延伸產品的造形意象研究-以華碩產品為例。大同大學工業設計學研究所碩 士論文。
32. 張嘉萍(2005)。產品造形特徵與品牌形象之一致性研究─以液晶電視為例。大同大學工業設計研
40. 游萬來、葉博雄、高曰菖(1997)。產品意象及其表徵設計的研究-以收音機為例。設計學報第二卷 第一期,頁31-45。
41. 楊宙航(2002)。品牌造形風格之識別研究-以行動電話為例。銘傳大學設計管理研究所碩士論文。
42. 鄭麗玉(2006)。認知心理學: 理論與應用(第三版)。台北市:五南。
43. 譚維漢(1963)。心裡學。孟氏教育基金會。
英文文獻
1. Aaker, David A. & Joachimsthaler, E. (2000). Brand Leadership: The Next Level of the Brand Revolution. New York: Free Press.
2. Aaker, David A. (1991). Managing Brand Equity. The Free Press.
3. Aaker, David A. (1992). The Value of Brand Equity. Journal of Business Strategy, 13(4), pp. 27-32.
4. Aaker, David A. (1996). Building Strong Brands. New York: Free Press.
5. Aaker, David A. (1996). Measuring brand equity across products and markets. California Management Review, Vol. 38, No. 3, pp. 102-120.
6. Aaker, David A. and Kevin Lane Keller (1990). Consumer Evaluations of Brand Extensions. Journal of Marketing, 54 (January), pp. 27-41.
7. Aaker, Jennifer L. (1997). Dimension of Brand Personality. Journal of Marketing Research, XXXIV (August), pp. 347-356.
8. Aaker, Jennifer L., Verónica Benet-Martínez & Jordi Garolera (2001).Consumption Symbols as Carriers of Culture: A Study of Japanese and Spanish Brand Personality Constructs. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, pp. 492-508.
9. American Marketing Association (1960). Marketing definitions: a glossary of marketing terms. AMA:
Chicago, IL, pp. 27-46.
10. Auto & Design(2001). issue130, p.77.
11. Bernstein, D. (1996). Asset Quality & Scale Economies in Banking. Journal of Economics and Business, pp. 157-166.
12. Biel, Alexander L. (1992). How Brand Image Drives Brand Equity. Journal of Advertising Research, 32, pp. 6-12.
13. Butter, R. (1987). Product Semantics- A New Perspective on Function in Industrial Design. In: Form and Vision- Articles and Writings from the International UIAH’87 Conference at the University of Industrial Arts in Helsinki 6-9.1.1987, ed. Susann Vihma. Helsinki: University of Industrial Arts B 7, 114–125.
14. Butter, R. and Krippendorff, K. (1984). Product Semantics- Exploring the Symbolic Qualities of Form.
Journal of the Industrial Designers Society of America, 3:4- 9 (Spring).
15. C. Whan Park, Bernard J. Jaworski, & Deborah J. Maclnnis (1986). Strategic Brand Concept Image , Management. Journal of Marketing, 50(October), pp. 135-145.
16. Chang, W. C., Yu, C. J., & Chen, I. W. (2009). The approach of product identity about ceramic brand companies in Taiwan. Proceedings of the International Association of Societies of Design Research 2009 [CD ROM]. Seoul, Korea: International Association of Societies of Design Research.
17. Chen, K. and Owen, C. (1997) Form language and style description. Design Studies, 18, 249–274.
18. Chiu-Shui Chan (2000). Can style be measured. Design Studies, 21(3), pp. 277-291.
19. Claudio Dell’Era & Roberto Verganti (2007). Strategies of Innovation and Imitation of Product Languages. Product Development & Management Association, 24, pp. 580-599.
20. D. Brett King and Michael Wertheimer(2005). Max Wertheimer and Gestalt Theory. New Brunswick NJ:
Transaction Publishers.
21. Davis, S. M. (2000). Brand Asset Management. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco.
22. Dobni, D. & Zinkhan, G.M. (1990). In Search Of Brand Image: A Foundation Analysis. Advances in Consumer Research, pp. 110-119.
23. Fransella, F., Bell, R. & Bannister, D. (2004). A Manual for Repertory Grid Technique. NJ: John Wiley
& Sons, Ltd.
24. Gardner, B. B., & Sidley J. L. (1955). The product and the brand. Harvard Business Review, 33, pp.
33-39.
25. George A. Kelly (1955). Theory of Personality: The Psychology of Personal Constructs, W W Norton &
Co Ltd.
26. Harel, D. and Prabhu, G. (1999). Designing for other cultures: A strategic approach. Design Management Journal, 10(4), Fall, pp. 60–68.
27. Hewitt, A. (2005). Teachers’ Personal Construct models of pupil individuality and their influence in the music classroom. Music Education Research, 7(3), pp.305-330.
28. Hsu, S., Chuang, M. and Chang, C. (2000) A semantic differential study of designers’ & users’ product form perception. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 25, pp. 375–391.
29. Kamins, M. A. and L. J. Marks (1991). The Perception of Kosher as a Third Party Certification Claim in Advertising for Familiar and Unfamiliar Brands. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 19(3), pp. 177-185.
30. Karjalainen, T.M. (2001). Brand Identity References in Product Design Language: Identification and Differentiation of Products through Brand Associations. In: Muotsosuhde, ed. S. Vihma. Helsinki:
University of Art and Design, Publication Series F16.
31. Karjalainen, T.M. (2004). Semantic Transformation in Design—Communicating Strategic Brand Identity through Product Design References. Ph.D. diss., University of Art and Design, Helsinki.
32. Karjalainen, T. M. (2007). It looks like a Toyota: Educational approaches to designing for visual brandrecognition. International Journal of Design, 1(1), 67-81.
33. Karjalainen, T. M., Laaksonen, L., & Ainamo, A. (2009). Design for brand identity. Proceedings of theInternational Association of Societies of Design Research 2009 [CD ROM]. Seoul, Korea.
34. Keller, Kevin Lane (1993). Conceptualizing, Measuring, and Managing Customer-Based Brand Equity.
Journal of Marketing, 57 (January), pp. 1-22.
35. Kelly Dawson, Povl Larsen, Gavin Cawood and Alan Lewis(2005). National Product Design Identities.
Journal compilation, 14(4), pp. 393-404.
36. Kevin Lane Keller (2001). Building Customer-Based Brand Equity: A Blueprint for Creating Strong Brands. Marketing Management, July/August, pp. 15-19.
37. Kotler, Philip (1994). Marketing Management: Analysis, Planning, Implementation and Control, New-Jersey: Pretince-Hall.
38. Kotler, Philip (1997). Marketing Management-Analysis, Planning, Implementation, and Control. 9th ed., NJ: Prentice-Hall International, pp. 313-314.
39. Krippendorff, K. (1989). On the Essential Contexts of Artifacts or on the Proposition that Design Is Making Sense (of Things). Design Issues, 5(2), pp. 9-38.
40. Kurz, T. L. & Middleton, J.A. (2006). Using a Functional Approach to Change Preservice Teachers’
Understanding of Mathematics Software. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 39(1), pp.45-65.
41. Laroche, M., C. Kim, and L. Zhou (1996). Brand Familiarity and Confidence as Determinants of Purchase Intention: An Empirical Test in a Multiple Brand Context. Journal of Business Research, Vol.
37, No. 2, pp. 115-120.
42. McCormack J.P. and Cagan J. (2004). Speaking the Buick language: capturing, understanding, and exploring brand identity with shape grammars. Design Studies, 25(1), pp. 1-29.
43. Mono, R. (1997). Design for Product Understanding; The Aesthetics of Design from a Semiotic Approach. Stockholm: Liber.
44. Nagashima, A. (1970). A comparison of Japanese and US attitudes towards foreign products. Journal of Marketing, 34, pp.68–74.
45. Nagashima, A. (1977). A comparative ‘made in’ product image survey among Japanese Businessmen.
Journal of Marketing, 41, pp. 95–100.
46. Newman, J. W. (1957). New insight, new progress, for marketing. Harvard Business Review, (Nov.-Dec.), pp. 95-102.
47. Olins, W. (1989). Corporate identity: Making business strategy visible through design. London: Thames
& Hudson.
48. Patwardhan, S. (2003). Incorporating dictionary and corpus information into a vector measure of semantic relatedness. Master Thesis, University of Minnesota, Duluth.
49. Richardson, P. S., Alan S. D., & Arun K. J. (1994). Extrinsic and extrinsic cue effect on perceptions of store brand quality. Journal of Marketing Research, 58(4), pp. 28-36.
50. Roy, R. and M. Bruce (1984). Product Design, Innovation and Competition in British Manufacturing:
Background, Aims, and Methods. Milton Keynes, England: Open University.
51. Van Onck, A. (1994). Design. Il senso delle forme dei prodotti. Milano: Lupetti Editori di Comunicazione.
52. Van Onck, A. (2000). Semiotics in Design Practice. Paper presented at the Design Plus Research Proceedings of the Politecnico di Milano Conference, May, pp. 18–20
53. Verganti, R. (2003). Design as brokering of languages: Innovation strategies in Italian firms. Design Management Journal, Summer, pp. 34–42.
54. Warell, A. and Na˚ bo, M. (2002). Handling Product Identity and Form Development Issues in Design Management Using Design Format Modeling. Paper presented at the Proceedings of the 11th International Forum onDesignManagement Research & Education, Design Management Institute, Northeastern University, Boston, June, pp. 10–12.
55. Walter, B. O. (2004). A Proposal For A Common Data Exchange Format For Repertory Grid Data.
Journal of Constructivist Psychology, 17, pp.247-251.