Limnophila R. Br., Prodr. 442. 1810; Henry, Trans. Asiat. Soc. Japan
24 (suppl.): 67. 1896; Matsumura & Hayata, J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ.Tokyo 22: 276. 1906; Sasaki, List Pl. Formosa 366. 1928; Yamamoto, J.
Soc. Trop. Agric. 6: 560. 1934; Mori in Masamune, Short Fl. Formosa 191. 1936; Li, Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 3: 60. 1950; Masamune, List Vasc.
Pl. Taiwan 102. 1954; Li, Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin. 5: 113. 1964; Philcox, Kew Bull. 24: 106. 1970; Li, Fl. Taiwan 4: 566. 1978; Tsoong & Ku, Fl.
Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 67: 103. 1979; Yamazaki, J. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo, Sect. 3, Bot. 13: 576. 1985; Wannan & Waterhouse, Austral. J. Bot. 33:
368. 1985; Yang, Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin. 28: 207. 1987; Yamazaki, Fl. Jap.
3a: 331. 1993; Yang & Yen, Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin. 38: 285. 1997; Liu, Fl.
Taiwan, ed. 2, 4: 603. 1998; Hsu & Chung, Taiwania 54: 403. 2009.
Ambulia Lam., Encycl. I: 128. 1783; Hayata, Icon. Pl. Formosan. 9: 76.
1920; Sasaki, List Pl. Formosa 365. 1928.
Annual or perennial herbs, aquatic or marshy, aromatic, with transparent dots. Stem terete, erect, prostrate, or creeping and rooting at the nodes, simple or branched. Submerged leaves of truly aquatic species verticillate, pinnatifid to capillary-multifid; aerial leaves opposite to verticillate, sessile or petiolate, serrate or pinnately divided, pinnately or parallel nerved. Flowers sessile or pedicellate, solitary-axillary or in lax or compact, terminal or axillary spikes or racemes. Bracteoles 2 at base of calyx, occasionally absent. Calyx tubular , 5-lobed; lobes generally lanceolate, rarely ovate, sub-equal or with adaxial lobe enlarged. Corolla
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tubular or infundibuliform, 5-lobed, bilabiate; upper-lip broadly orbicular, emarginated or shallowly bilobed; lower-lip 3-lobed. Stamens 4, included, didynamous, posterior pair shorter; anthers free, loculi stipitate. Style filiform, deflexed at apex; stigma bilamellate; ovary glabrous. Capsule ellipsoid to globose, septicidally 4-valved; valves bifid. Seeds small, numerous, cylindric or narrowly ellipsoidal, punctate.
About 47 species ranging from subtropical Africa, Asia, Australia and Pacific Islands. 11 species in Taiwan.
Key to species
1. Capillary-multifid submerged leaves present. Leaves with parallel nervation.
2. Corolla > 7 mm long.
3. Aerial stems hirsute-glandular. Calyx cleft halfway down or more.
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6. Undivided emerged leaves present. Aerial stems
hirsute-glandular ... 4. L. heterophylla 6. Undivided emerged leaves absent. Aerial stems glabrous-
glandular.
7. Calyx lanceolate, glabrous. Ovary oval. Capsule
ellipsoid ... 11. L. trichophylla 7. Calyx lanceolate to ovate, with hair at base. Ovary
spherical. Capsule globose ... 6. L. pingtungensis 1. Capillary-multifid submerged leaves absent. Leaves with pinnate
nervation.
8. Flower pedicellate. Calyx without striation when mature.
9. Flower purple, 10.5-15.5 mm long. Linear-lanceolate
submerged leaves absent ... 1. L. aromatica 9. Flower white, 8-11.5 mm long. Linear-lanceolate submerged leaves occationally present ... 2. L. aromaticoides 8. Flower sessile. Calyx with striation when mature.
10. Leaves glabrous, sessile. Calyx regular. Bracteoles 2, linear.
... 3. L. fragrans 10. Leaves pubescent, petiolate. Calyx irregular. Bracteoles 0.
... 7. L. rugosa
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1. Limnophila aromatica (Lam.) Merr., Interpr. Rumph. Herb. Amb.: 466.
1917; Sasaki, List Pl. Formosa 366. 1928; Mori in Masamune, Short Fl.
Malab. 10: t.6. 1690 (Image!).
Limnophila gratissima Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 14: 749. 1826; Henry, Trans.
Asiat. Soc. Japan 24 (suppl.): 67. 1896; Matsumura & Hayata, J. Coll. Sci. Imp.
Univ. Tokyo 22: 276. 1906. Type: Java, Batavia, Blume 1176 (L, photo!).
Limnophila punctata Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 14: 750. 1826. Type: Java, Blume 1495 (L, Photo!).
Annual or perennial herbs. Stems prostrate below, erect above, simple or laxly branched, 10-40 cm tall, glabrous to minutely glandular, green, basal stem usually red to dark red. Leaves opposite, or in whorls of 3, 10-55 mm long, 3-15 mm wide, sessile, ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate-elliptic, crenate to serrate-dentate, glabrous to minutely glandular, apex acute to occasionally obtuse, base attenuate to sessile, semi-amplexicaul, pinnately nerved, punctuate. Flowers solitary-axillary or in laxly flowered terminal or axillary racemes; pedicels slender, 5-20 mm long, glabrous to sparsely or finely glandular. Bracteoles 2, 1-2(-2.5)
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mm long, linear to linear-lanceolate. Calyx 4.5-7(-8) mm long, glabrous to sparsely glandular; lobes 2.5-4.5(-5.5) mm long, narrowly lanceolate, apex acuminate, striate at maturity. Corolla mauve with whitish tube and red stripes on both side of tube, 10.5-15.5 mm long, puberulent and sparsely glandular outside, densely villous within on upper-lip; upper-lip broadly orbicular, emarginated or bilobed, lower-lip orbicular, 3-lobed.
Stamens 4; anterior filaments ca. 4-5(-6) mm, glabrous, posterior papillose tuberculate. Chrornosomes number = 68 (謝宗欣，2005).
Widely distributed in East Asia and Southeast Asia. Taiwan, in marshy areas and ponds in the south, rarely in north.
Specimens examined:
NEW TAIPEI: Pali, Nov. 23, 1910, S. Sasaki s.n. (TAIF23333).
TAIPEI: Peitou District: May 16, 1939, N. Murakami 181 (TAI);
Danfongshan, Apr. 16, 2013, S. Y. Tsai 597 (TNU); Wuchienlienshan, Sep. 29, 1940, Y. Fijita s.n. (TNU); same loc., Sep. 29, 1940, T.
Suzuki 20574 (TAI).
TAOYUAN: Taoyuan, Oct. 7, 1914, T. Soma s.n. (TAIF175918); same loc., Jun. 5, 1923, S. Sasaki s.n. (TAIF23334); Dashulin, May 24, 1916, T. Soma s.n. (TAIF23335).
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HSINCHU: Lienhua Temple, elev. 50-100 m, Oct. 2, 2011, T. C. Hsu 4777 (TAIF).
TAICHUNG: Shihgang, Nov. 20, 1922, S. Sasaki s.n. (TAI117966, TAIF23336, 23337); Heping District: Wushihkeng, Nov. 10, 2000, J.
C. Huang 2614 (TAIE).
NANTOU: Puli, Mar. 1918, R. Kanehira & S. Sasaki 83 (TAIF).
TAINAN: Yungkang city: Yenhsing, Feb. 16, 1989, H. F. Yen s.n.
(TNM118605).
PINGTUNG: Manchou Township: Nanjenshan, May 27, 1978, T. C.
Huang 8175 (TAI); same loc., elev. ca. 300-330 m, May 18, 1985, C.
I Peng 7792 (HAST); Nanjenhu, Aug. 22, 1995, T. T. Chen 7267 (TAIF); same loc., Dec. 8, 1995, S. M. Liu 251 (HAST, TAIF, TNM);
same loc., elev. 200-350 m, May 23, 2001, C. C. Lin 234 (TAIF);
Headstream of Chufeng Stream, Feb. 7, 2005, T. C. Hsu 280 (TAIF);
Mutan Township: Mutan Pong, elev. 300-400 m, Dec. 25, 2009, T. C.
Hsu 2425 (TAIF); Kaoshih Wetland, elev. 130-160 m, Dec. 27, 2008, C. M. Wang 12619 (TNM); same loc., Feb. 12, 2013, S. Y. Tsai 587 (TNU); Hsianglin to Kaoshih, Jan. 4, 1932, T. Suzuki 6171 (TAI);
Hsien Road 199A, Hsuhai to Mutan, elev. ca. 310 m, May 1, 2001, Y.
Y. Huang 366 (HAST, TNM); same loc., Mar. 29, 2013, S. Y. Tsai 595 (TNU); Checheng Township: Suchonchi, Apr. 23, 1978, T. Koyama &
M. T. Kao 8953 (TAI).
HUALIEN: Chian Township: Poposhe (Jenli village), May 3, 1906, Z.
Kobayashi 1476 (TAIF).
TAITUNG: Dajen Township: Hsinhua, elev. 400-500 m, Nov. 24, 2008, T.
C. Hsu 2010 (TAIF).
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本研究認為本種所屬之 Striatae 節應為一複合種群，於印度與東 南亞地區分布多種形態上難以區分的種類，Philcox (1967, 1970)訂正 本屬時，將此複合群處理為 17 個分類群，而後 Yamazaki (1979, 1980,
1985)則單獨將中南半島所產之此複合群物種依據花序位置、花序疏 密、花柄長短、花朵大小、葉片大小及毛被差異等特徵，將中南半島 產之此複合群處理為 17 個分類群，其比起 Philcox (1970)的處理多了
6 個新種、1 個新變種及 2 個新組合名。
本研究於此複合群採樣僅約有 7 種，雖形態略有差異，但本研究 之分子親緣樹狀圖結果難以釐清本複合群之關係，僅能說明本種與 L. aromaticoides 兩種分別位於複合群內兩個獨立的高支持度分支，因
此支持 Yang and Yen (1997)所發表之 L. aromaticoides 為一獨立物種，
至於其餘複合種群物種，則因採樣物種尚不足以代表，暫時未確認其 分子親緣關係。
觀察本種枝條較 L. aromaticoides 粗壯、葉形也較為披針形、半 抱莖較明顯即葉與莖連接處較寬、不具沉水變化葉、蒴果卵形、花冠 紫色特徵穩定且通常較大(10.5~ 15.5 mm)；而後者枝條纖細、葉形橢 圓形至長橢圓形、半抱莖較不明顯、具沉水之變化葉、蒴果橢圓形而 較本種短、花冠白色特徵穩定且通常較小等，可區分兩種。本種葉對
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生或三葉輪生，因此林春吉(2009)描述之三葉石龍尾仍屬於本種之變 異範圍內。
全島分布於海拔 1000 公尺以下之池塘、溪流邊、或濕地，近年 北部僅見於北投一帶山區、新竹等地，南部則在屏東牡丹、滿洲一帶 有許多族群。
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2. Limnophila aromaticoides Yuen P. Yang & S. H. Yen, Bot. Bull. Acad.
Sin. 38: 285. 1997; Liu, Fl. Taiwan, ed. 2, 4: 601. 1998. Type: Monghu, Hsichih, Taipei, S. H. Yen s.n. (TAIF, holotype, not seen; TAI, HAST, isotype, not seen)
擬紫蘇草(圖版 2)
Limnophila aromatica auct. non (Lam.) Merr.: Tsoong & Ku, Fl. Reipubl.
Popularis Sin. 67: 110. 1979. pro parte.
Limnophila chinensis (Osbeck) Merr. subsp. aromatica auct. non (Lam.) T.
Yamaz.: Yamazaki, J. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo, Sect. 3, Bot. 13: 600. 1985. Pro
parte; Yamazaki, Fl. Jap. 3a: 333. 1993.
Annual or perennial herbs. Stems erect, simple to branched, 10-30 cm tall, glabrous to sparsely glandular, green, sometimes slightly red.
Emerged leaves opposite, rarely 3-4-verticillate, pinnately nerved, elliptic to oblong-lanceolate, 5-35 mm long, 4-10 mm wide, apex acute, base attenuate to semi-amplexicaul, margins crenate-serrate; submerged leaves 3-10-verticillate, pinnately nerved, oblong-lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 10-40 mm long, 3-10 mm wide, apex acute, sessile, semi-amplexicaul, serrate, glabrous. Bracts lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, 3-10 mm long, 2-3 mm wide. Flowers solitary-axillary or in laxly flowered terminal or axillary racemes, pedicels slender, 1-15 mm long. glabrous to sparsely glandular. Bracteoles 2, oblong-lanceolate, 1-3 mm. Calyx (4)-5-6.5 mm long, 2-3 mm wide, sparsely glandular; lobes 2.5-4.0 mm long, narrowly lanceolate, apex acuminate, striate at maturity. Corolla white , yellowish in lower side of tube, red stripes on both side of tube, 8-11.5 mm long,
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puberulent and sparsely glandular outside, densely villous on upper-lip inside; upper-lip orbicular, emarginate, lower-lip orbicular, 3-lobed.
Stamens 4; anterior filaments 3-4 mm, glabrous, posterior filaments 1-2 mm long, pilose at base. Style 4.5-6.5 mm long, deflexed at apex; stigma distinctly bilamellate; ovary oval, 1.4-1.9 × 0.9-1.1 mm, glabrous; disk at bottom of ovary, pale yellow, 0.3 mm thick. Capsule ovoid, 5 mm long, 4 mm wide, equal to or slightly shorter than the persistent calyx. Seeds numerous, rectangular, 0.37-0.47 mm long, 0.18-0.27 mm wide, L/W ratio 1.85, seed-coat areolate, papillose tuberculate. Chrornosomes number = 68 (謝宗欣，2005).
Japan, Korea and southeastern China. Taiwan in marshy grounds, rice-fields and ponds.
Specimens examined:
NEW TAIPEI: Kungliao District: Kungliao, elev. 0-100 m, Feb. 14, 2001, S. M. Kuo 168 (HAST, TAIF, TNU); Fulong, elev. 50 m, Mar. 21, 2002, W. C. Liang 2760 (HAST); same loc., Nov. 7, 2004, T. D. Kao 16 (TAI); Aodi, elev. 0-100 m, Jul. 6, 1985, S. F. Huang 3065 (TAI);
same loc., May. 18, 2012, S. Y. Tsai 343 (TNU); same loc., Apr. 22, 2013, S. Y. Tsai 598 (TNU); Shuanghsi District: Sanchakang Village, elev. 100 m, Oct. 4, 2008, P. F. Lu 16936 (TAIF); Chinshan Dsitrict:
Taochaohu, elev. 250-350 m, Aug. 14, 2008, T. C. Hsu 1550 (TAIF);
Chinpaoshan, Aug. 15, 2008, M. J. Jung 3185 (TAIF); Chunghe Village, May 21, 2012, S. Y. Tsai 353 (TNU); Shihmen District:
Chingshan Waterfall to Chienshanhu, elev. 250-450 m, Nov. 23, 2008,
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P. F. Lu 17367 (TAIF); Hsichih District: Hongnei to Menghu, elev. ca.
150 m, Oct. 31, 1990, C. I Peng 13530 (HAST); Menghu, elev.
350-360 m, Nov. 7, 2004, J. Y. Huang 120 (TAI); Paiyun Temple, Oct.
5, 1930, Y. Fujita s.n. (TNU7045); Wuchihshan, Nov. 3, 1939, T.
Nakamura 4065 (TAI); Tachienshan, Dec. 13, 1978, C. M. Kuo 10240 (TAI); Sanchih District: Erpingding, elev. 300-400 m, Sep. 29, 2011, T. C. Hsu 4746 (TAIF); Hsintien District: Hsintien to Sanhsia, Nov. 7, 1929, S. Sasaki s.n. (TAI98901); Chihtan, Sep. 23, G. Masamune s.n.
(TAI132692); Shihting District: Shihting, Oct. 11, 1975, C. M. Kuo 6373 (TAI); Leikungpo, Sep. 23, 1970, C. S. Kuoh 2088 (TAI);
Yung’an Elementary School, Nov. 29, 1978, C. M. Kuo 10166 (TAI).
TAIPEI: Taipei, Nov. 21, 1909, T. Kawakami & Y. Shimada s.n.
(TAIF175919); same loc., Nov. 9, 1924, S. Sasaki s.n. (TAI98899);
Da’an District: Dachiana, Hsianeipu Village, Oct. 11, 1904, T.
Kawakami and Y. Shimada 85 (TAIF); Da’an, Oct. 1, 1929, S. Suzuki 3179 (TAI); Keelung Road, Nov. 13, 1964, C. C. Chuang 3048 (TAI);
Tomita-tyo (Gongguan), Oct. 9, 1933, T. Tanaka & Y. Shimada 17862 (NTUF, TAIF, PPI); Wenshan District: Ankeng, Nov. 24, 1929, S.
Sasaki s.n. (TAI98900); Shihlin District: Shihlin Citizen’s farm, May 26, 2012, S. Y. Tsai 369 (TNU); Yangmingshan National Park, Tsuitsuiku, elev. ca. 760 m, Jul. 1, 1993, C. H. Chen 19 (HAST);
Nankang District, elev. 0-50 m, Mar. 27, 1987, S. F. Huang 3525 (TAI).
TAOYUAN: Taoyuan, Nov. 1923, S. Sasaki s.n. (NTUF, TAI98903);
Chungli, Nov. 18, 1928, S. Sasaki s.n. (TAI98898); Lungtan, elev. 230 m, Oct. 24, 1988, S. H. Yen s.n. (HAST18130); Hakaiseki (Patei), Nov.
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25, 1934, S. Suzuki 6088 (TAI);same loc., Nov. 24, 1961, T. I. Chuang 4606 (HAST); Yobai (Yangmei), Nov., 1924, Y. Shimada 885c (TAI).
NANTOU: Nakano-sima, Zitugetu-tan (Sun Moon Lake), Oct. 24, 1930, S. Suzuki 6677 (TAI); Yuchih Township: Lienhwachih, Jul. 7, 1929, Ya. Kudo & Y. Yamamoto s.n. (TAI100277); Seshui Community, elev.
500-600 m, Nov. 9, 2008, T. C. Hsu 1983 (TAIF).
PINGTUNG: Hsien Road 199A, Hsuhai to Mutan, elev. ca. 310 m, May 1, 2001, Y. Y. Huang 357 (HAST).
HUALIEN: Wuhe, elev. 300 m, Oct. 15, 2001, T. T. Chen 11732 (TAIF);
Hsincheng Township: Chiali Village, Dec. 3, 1990, L. Y. Tseng 97 (TAIF); same loc., May 9, 1992, H. C. Tan s.n. (TAIF363921).
TAITUNG: Lutao Township: Lutao, May 11, 2007, S. W. Chung 8556 (TAIF); Kuanyintung, elev. ca. 50 m, Oct. 9, 2001, Y. Y. Huang 788 (HAST, TNU); Kuoshan Ancient Trail, elev. 100 m, Sep. 8, 2007, T. C.
Hsu 962 (TAIF).
Additional specimens examined:
CHINA: Prov. Guangdung: Guangchou City, in botanical garden, Oct. 14, 1978, K. S. Chou 517 (PE); Polo County, Sep. 27, 1978, C. P. Yueh
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6326 (IBSC); Juyuan County, Oct. 30, 1956, C. Huang 42470 (IBSC);
Dinghu, Oct. 5, 1974, K. L. Shih 2807 (IBSC); Hsinfeng County, Shaloshan, Dec. 1937, Y. W. Taam 155 (IBSC); Prov. Fukien:
Liencheng County, Y. Ling 3796 (PE); Hong Kong: Tamaoshan, Nov.
2, 1971, S. Y. Hu 11146 (PE).
JAPAN: Amanuma, Suginami-ku, Tokyo, Sep. 23, 1933, F. Maekawa 6668 (TNS); Noda City, Pref. Chiba, Oct. 8, 1961, J. Haginiwa 42885 (TNS); Owase City, Pref. Mie, Oct. 19, 1966, Y. Ito & K. Toma (TNS1076405); Aramachi, Ogunimachi, Pref. Niigata, Aug. 21, 1948, M. Takabashi 278 (TI); Sabase, Kainan-cho, Pref. Tokushima, Nov. 6, 1969, G. Murata, H. Nishimura & H. Takahashi 29 (TI); Ono-cho,
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長寬比看出差異，於臘葉標本上則可觀察到成熟開裂蒴果之長度較短；
又本研究僅於汐止夢湖與宜蘭雙連埤等兩處發現，除此之外並無在其 他標本上出現此特徵，推測大部分標本皆產於淺水或濕地環境，僅夢 湖與雙連埤具有深水環境使本種有沉水葉的變化空間；而觀察 L.
aromatica 於北投山區亦生於水池卻無細長沉水葉的產生，攜回植株
種於水族缸內亦無沉水葉產生，因而認為本特徵足夠穩定區分兩種。
另觀察到 Philcox (1970)發表之物種 L. hippuridoides 亦具有 6-14 葉輪生之細長沉水葉，不僅輪生葉數更多且更為細長，而其挺水葉
3-4 葉輪生，亦為細長之披針形，其花冠顏色於模式標本標籤上記錄 為淺藍色，花冠較小(7.5-10 mm long)且蒴果為壓縮之球形。Phicox
(1970)發表該種時，亦描述該種曾被認為是 L. aromatica 之水生型，
並因確認 L. aromatica 並不產生沉水葉而將具有細長沉水葉者處理為 獨立物種，惟其僅根據兩份來自馬來半島南端的標本(Holotype: Perat, Larut, King’s collector 4398, K, photo!; Paratype: Malacca, Maingay 3077, K, photo!)，因此本種模式標本的代表性令人存疑。此外，本研
究亦在中國中科院植物標本館(PE)及華南植物所標本館(IBSC)各觀 察到一份形似 L. hippuridoides 之標本(梁向日 62920, PE; S. K. Lau 5744, IBSC)， 兩份 標 本 皆 產自 中國 之 海南 省 ， 且皆 被鑑 定為 L.
aromatica，但其花色與挺水葉皆與 L. hippuridoides 較為相似，且跟
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Yamazaki (1979)所發表之 L. siamensis 可能為同一種，而與本種相異。
本 種 於 英 文 版 中 國 植 物 誌 (Hong et al., 1998) 中 被 列 為 L.
aromatica 之同物異名，乃因其認定本種之變異範圍落在中國產 L.
aromatica 之變異範圍內，但本研究在廣泛觀察了 PE 與 IBSC 兩標本
館藏之 L. aromatica 標本後，根據花冠白色且較小、枝條較纖細、葉 抱莖較不明顯且葉形為橢圓形至長橢圓形等特徵，認為大部分中國產 之 L. aromatica 與本種屬同一種。至於英文版中國植物誌(Hong et al.,
1998)描述中花冠紫色者則產於海南、廣東與廣西一帶，有些應為它 種如 L. repens 與 L. siamensis 等種之誤鑑定，但也有幾份標本應為台 灣產之 L. aromatica，其花冠較大且為紫色、其葉較小且為披針形等 特徵可與中國產本種做區別。
本研究亦確認本種產於日本，在觀察完日本之三大標本館(TI、
KYO、TNS)所藏之標本後，認為日本所產之紫蘇草(シソクサ)皆為花 冠白色、花冠小、橢圓形葉、蒴果卵橢圓形等特徵，應皆屬於本種。
日本植物誌(Yamazaki, 1993)乃根據 Yamazaki (1978)之處理，將日本 產紫蘇草列為 L. chinensis 之亞種 L. chinensis subsp. aromatica，他認 為此兩種的被毛與花色具有區域上的漸變，除外如花形與葉形等特徵 並無二致，因此將此兩種處理為亞種關係。但本研究認為前述兩種甚 至是本種 L. aromaticoides 之被毛狀況穩定，且花部與葉部特徵仍有
104
差易，一是 L. chinensis 絕無白色花冠，二為 L. chinensis 葉形為卵橢 圓形，因此本研究認為本種與 L. aromatica 皆為獨立於 L. chinensis 之 外的物種，至於 Yamazaki (1978)所描述之具有花筒白色、花瓣裂片為 紫色之中間形物種(Petelot 5524, P; Bon 739, P)，根據形態乃認為其為 現稱之越南香菜，名雖仍稱 L. chinensis，但根據分子與形態：花瓣裂 片具白色指狀斑紋不在上述三種可見，其應為它種。
本種主要分布於日本、韓國、中國大陸東南方，東南亞則不清楚。
於台灣則主要分布於宜蘭與大台北地區，零星分布於桃園、南投，南 部亦分布於花蓮及台東綠島等地。另林春吉(2009)描述之蓮華池紫蘇 草仍屬於本種，其外形雖與台灣它處產者略有不同，且較似日本與中 國產之本種，但仍在本種之變異範圍內，其葉較為狹長且三葉輪生之 狀況略多。
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表 15、紫蘇草(L. aromatica)和擬紫蘇草(L. aromaticoides)之比較 特徵＼物種 L. aromatica L. aromaticoides
花冠顏色 紫 白
花冠長度 10.5~15.5 mm 8~11.5 mm
花冠外被毛長度 ca. 0.2 mm ca. 0.3 mm
花冠：萼片長度比 2.5 2.0
葉形 披針形 橢圓形
子房 錐形 卵形
蒴果 卵形，略長 卵形，略短
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3. Limnophila fragrans (G. Forst.) Seem., Fl. Vit. 180. 1865; Philcox, Kew Bull. 24: 139. 1970; Wannan & Waterhouse, Austral. J. Bot. 33: 376.
1985; Yamazaki, Fl. Jap. 3a: 332. 1993; Hsu & Chung, Taiwania 54: 403.
2009. quadrangular. Leaves opposite, sessile, oblanceolate to ovate-oblong, serrate to crenate, glabrous to minutely glandular, apex obtuse, base semi-amplexicaul, 8-30 mm long, 3-12 mm wide, pinnately nerved.
Flowers paired at nodes, solitary-axillary, sessile. Bracteoles 2, 1-3 mm long, linear. Calyx 3-5 mm long, glabrous to glandular; lobes 2.5-3 mm long, narrowly lanceolate, apex acuminate, not striate at maturity. Corolla
Flowers paired at nodes, solitary-axillary, sessile. Bracteoles 2, 1-3 mm long, linear. Calyx 3-5 mm long, glabrous to glandular; lobes 2.5-3 mm long, narrowly lanceolate, apex acuminate, not striate at maturity. Corolla