堐 16ˣ⎬⛘⋨䘤≽㨇冯䘤暣㨇忚⎋㭼ἳ堐炷1933-1937炸

ൂՏǺ%

ԃж ๮ч ๮ύ ๮ܿ ๮ࠄ

ว୏ᐒ วႝᐒ ว୏ᐒ วႝᐒ ว୏ᐒ วႝᐒ ว୏ᐒ วႝᐒ 1933 19.49 18.18 3.96 2.99 63.51 60.72 9.10 12.75 1934 14.46 14.53 6.08 6.22 69.32 56.09 9.29 19.99 1935 18.91 29.03 4.24 2.93 53.81 55.53 18.07 10.37 1936 21.86 25.72 3.54 3.36 56.95 60.45 15.19 8.08 1937 26.70 33.61 4.24 3.19 50.82 53.67 11.88 7.72

ၗ਑ٰྍǺȤ1910-1937 ԃੇᜢൔ֋ȥǴԏΕύ୯ಃΒᐕўᔞਢᓔ฻ጓǴȠύ୯ᙑੇᜢў਑Ȑ1859-1948ȑȡǶ

㕘⺷揝嶗⮵䴻㾇䘤⯽⍲屧㖻䘬⼙枧炻⤪⸛㻊揝嶗㇨ⷞἮ䘬攟䦳屧㖻㳣≽炻⍲℞忋㍍⣑

㳍冯㻊⎋ℑᾳ⎋Ⱡᷳ攻䘬儡⛘炻Ὣ忚厗⊿冯厗ᷕ⛘⋨䴻㾇䘤⯽⌛㗗ᶨἳˤ⁹⁵ Ữ㗗⸛

㻊揝嶗ᾖ䭱␴䵕嬟㇨暨䘬㛸㕁炻昌Ḯ护年悐↮䓙㻊春揝ⶍ⺈ὃㅱ⢾炻℞检⣏⣂Ἦ冒⚳

⢾炻㷃⮹Ḯ⮵㛔⛇ⶍ㤕⇢㽨䘬㨇㚫ˤ⁹⁶ 䓙厗⊿⛘⋨㨇㡘忚⎋䘬㻚句ね⼊Ἦ䚳炻揝嶗

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

ᔎӼᒳЬጓǴȠ߈жύ୯Ǻ࿶ᔮᆶޗ཮ࣴزȡȐ΢ੇǺൺѿεᏢрހޗǴ2006 ԃȑǴ। 622-646Ƕ

95 ஭ྷቺǴȠѳᅇ៓ၡᆶ๮чޑ࿶ᔮว৖Ȑ1905-1937ȑȡȐᆵчǺύѧࣴزଣ߈жўࣴز܌Ǵ1987 ԃȑǴ। 59-63Ƕ

96 ஭ྷቺǴȠѳᅇ៓ၡᆶ๮чޑ࿶ᔮว৖Ȑ1905-1937ȑȡǴ। 140Ƕ

㗗忋䳸⎋Ⱡ冯儡⛘䘬慵天忂忻炻㓭忋㍍⸛㻊嶗ˣ㳍㴎嶗ˣ⊿⮏嶗嶗㱩䘬忂枮冯⏎炻㚜 㗗⣑㳍ⶍ㤕冰堘䘬⍇⚈炻㬟⸜㴟斄⟙⏲⛯㚱婾⍲ˤ⁹⁷ 忶⍣⬠侭䞼䨞役ẋᷕ⚳䘬ⶍ㤕 䘤⯽炻⣂⋲㲐シᶲ㴟⍲℞␐怲⛘⋨䘬ㆸ攟烊䃞侴 1930 ⸜ẋ厗⊿⛘⋨䘬䘤⯽㚜ῤ⼿忚 ᶨ㬍斄㲐ˤ

㚨⼴炻ῤ⼿ᶨ㍸䘬㗗厗⋿⛘⋨䘬䘤⯽ˤ厗⋿⛘⋨㕤 1920 ⸜ẋ䃉婾⛐㨇☐忚⎋ㆾ

≽≃㨇☐忚⎋ᶲ炻⛯䃉㱽冯℞Ṿ⛘⋨䚠㍸᷎婾ˤỮ㗗 1930 ⸜ẋ厗⋿⛘⋨䘬ⶍ㤕䘤⯽

彭忇ㆸ攟炻1932 ⸜䱝䚩攳⥳㍐≽ 3 ⸜妰䔓炻ⶴ㛃㍸檀ⶍ㤕㨇☐⊾䦳⹎炻妰䔓冰⺢⣏

夷㧉䘤暣⺈炻忼⇘ⶍ㤕≽≃暣㯋⊾ᷳ䚖㧁ˤ⁹⁸ 1933 㴟斄⟙⏲㊯↢役⸜⺋㜙㓧㱣ˣ幵 ḳ䨑⭂ˣ⛘㕡㱣⬱列⤥炻䚩㓧⹄㊩临㍐≽ 3 ⸜ⶍ㤕⺢姕妰䔓炻ⶴ㛃㒜⣏䴻㾇䓇䓊ˤ䯴 姕ᷕ䘬⎬栆ⶍ⺈炻⤪㡱䳉䷼⺈⎹劙⚳ˣ忈䳁⺈⎹䐆℠妪岤㨇☐䫱炻㕘ⶍ⺈姕䩳ḇⷞἮ

≽≃㨇㡘暨㯪炻栗䣢⛐堐 14 ᷳ忚⎋ῤ⣏ⷭ㍸⋯炻㇨⌈㭼ἳḇ栗叿ᶲ⋯ˤ啱㬌䱝䚩ⶴ 㛃ˬ⮯僓℞ㇳ喅ⶍ㤕炻帳幓㕤㨇☐ⶍ㤕ᷳ➇ḇ˭ˤ⁹⁹

ήȃໍππۭຠख़!

䓙ᶲ徘⎬堐⎗夳炻䃉婾⛐忚⎋ῤㆾ㗗㭼慵ᶲ炻厗㜙⛘⋨⛐䘤≽㨇ˣ䘤暣㨇䫱枭䚖

⛯䁢椾ỵ炻栗䣢℞ⶍ㤕⊾ᷳ柀⃰⛘ỵˤẍ 1925 ⸜ᶲ㴟䘬≽≃㨇☐ⶪ⟜䁢ἳ炻娚⸜ˬ⮷

⺽㑶枿㚱扟嶗炻⋩ˣḅ䓐㕤䡦䰛ˣ㇥㯜ˣ䢐湍ˣ平剙⍲䚜㍍䘤暣侭˭炻¹⁰⁰ 栗䣢≽≃㨇 㡘⛐彚㤕䓇䓊ˣ湝䰱㤕⍲䳉䷼㤕ᷳἄ䓐炻侴忁ṃ庽ⶍ㤕㬋㗗㬌㗪ᷕ⚳ⶍ㤕ᷳᷣ≃ˤ㬌 㗪ᶲ㴟ⶪ⟜ᶲ䘬≽≃㨇☐ẍ劙⚳ˣ⽟⚳⍲伶⚳䁢ᷣ炻㲳埴㜿䩳ˣ㨇☐䧖栆䷩⣂炻㚨叿

⎵䘬㗗劙⚳⑩䇴烉ヶ㖴㲳埴炷Anderson Meyer & Co.炸ẋ䎮ᷳ Fielding & Platt炷䩳⺷

㞜㱡䘤≽㨇炸ˣ努冋㲳埴炷Rose Downs & Thomsons炸ᷳ Blackstone炷再⺷⅟徠㞜㱡䘤

≽㨇炸䫱烊⎎⢾㚱⽟⚳墥忈炻⣑⇑㲳埴炷Shanghai Machine Co.炸ẋ䎮ᷳ Deutsche Werke 炷䩳⺷⋲㞜㱡䘤≽㨇炸ˣ㻊忳㲳埴炷Han Yung & Co.炸ẋ䎮ᷳ Deutz炷䩳⺷再⺷㞜㱡䘤

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

97 Ȥ҇୯ΒΜ΋ԃੇᜢύѦຩܰൔ֋ȥǴԏΕύ୯ಃΒᐕўᔞਢᓔ฻ጓǴȠύ୯ᙑੇᜢў਑

Ȑ1859-1948ȑȡǴಃ 112 нǴ। 10-11Ƕ

98 Ȥ࿵࣪ΟԃࡼࡹीჄȥǴȠҙൔȡǴ1932 ԃ 9 Д 30 ВǴހ 9Ƕ

99 Ȥ҇୯ΒΜΒԃੇᜢύѦຩܰൔ֋ȥǴԏΕύ୯ಃΒᐕўᔞਢᓔ฻ጓǴȠύ୯ᙑੇᜢў਑

Ȑ1859-1948ȑȡǴಃ 110 нǴ। 16Ƕ

100 ύ୯ޗ཮ࣽᏢଣ࿶ᔮ㰧ز܌ЬጓǴȠ΢ੇ҇௼ᐒᏔπ཰ȡǴ। 443Ƕ

≽㨇炸䫱⑩䇴ˤ¹⁰¹ 1920 ⸜ᶲ㴟厗⓮㯜㲍⺈ㆸ䩳ᷳ䯴⁁㚫嬘⌛娵䁢烉ˬᶲ㴟⎹䁢忂⓮

⣏➈炻㲳埴㜿䩳炻㨇☐䧖㧋㕘⣯炻⌛⮰攨䴻䎮㯜㲍㨇☐侭Ṏ㚱ᶱˣ⚃⭞ᷳ⣂˭炻¹⁰² ⚈ 㬌ᶨ㕡朊㳦⒉⎹⚳⢾⺈⭞㍍㳥炻ᶨ㕡朊䚜㍍⎹ᶲ㴟㲳埴娊₡炻⎗夳ᶲ㴟㨇☐Ṍ㖻ᷳ䅙 䴉ˤ

昌Ḯ⓮埴㜿䩳ˣ⑩䇴䛦⣂⢾炻ᶲ㴟ḇ㗗ᷕ⚳慹圵㤕ᷳᷕ⽫ˤ䓙㕤ⶍ⺈㈽屯暨天⣏

慷屯慹炻䓙℞岤伖㨇☐㇨屣ᶵ屚炻慹圵␐廱⮵㨇☐忚⎋㤝䁢慵天ˤ1912 ⸜㥖⭞普⛀

⎹劙⓮岤屟㨇☐炻⽭枰ẍ↮㛇㕡⺷炻ḳ⇵傥Ẁ 1 ㆸᷳ柕㛇㫦炻℞检↮⸜㓌Ẁ烊1922

⸜⃀䭉㥖⭞⶚㚱漸⣏夷㧉炻Ữ䁢Ḯ岤伖㒜⺈㨇☐炻ṵ⽭枰⎹㖍⓮ῇ㫦炻屈㑼檀柵⇑

〗炻¹⁰³ 栗䣢屯慹忙廱䘬䩀従ˤ⎎⢾炻⤪∱泣䓇普⛀䯴⺢厗⓮㯜㲍℔⎠㗪ḇ⚈屯慹ᶵ 嵛炻⚈㬌㯜㲍⺈㙓䶑岤伖䘤暣㨇ẍ䭨䚩姕⺈㈽屯ㆸ㛔炻廱侴⎹厗⓮暣㯋℔⎠岤屟暣≃

⚈ㅱˤ¹⁰⁴ 䓙㕤ᶲ㴟ᷳ㲳埴⣏⣂㚱⢾⚳慹圵㓗㊩炻⚈㬌⛐㨇☐↢ⓖᶲ傥䴎Ḱ庫攟ᷳ↮

㛇炻⤪ヶ㖴㲳埴ᶨ凔Ẁ 10%⭂慹⌛⎗妪岤㨇☐炻℞检㫦枭ℵὅ⣹䲬↮ 6-8 㛇㓌 怬ˤ¹⁰⁵ ⛐ⶍ㤕㈽屯句⼴䘬ᷕ⚳炻㬌䧖⃒よ⎗㷃庽ⶍ⺈普屯䘬⚘暋炻⮵㨇☐忚⎋冯ⶍ 㤕䘤⯽㚱䚜㍍⸓≑ˤ

ℵ侭炻厗㜙⛘⋨⛐傥㸸ὃ䴎ᶲ晾怈暊䄌䣎䓊⛘炻Ữ㴟忳ὧ⇑炻⠫⢾䘬䄌䣎忳廠⭡

㖻ˤᶼᶲ㴟Ṏ䁢⢾⚳䄌㱡ˣ㞜㱡廠ℍ䘬䫔ᶨ䪁炻䞛㱡₡㟤庫䄌䣎₡㟤Ỷ⹱炻傥㸸ὃ䴎 寸⭴⣂⃫ˤ借㗗ᷳ㓭炻䔞㞜㱡䘤≽㨇冯䘤暣㨇㈨埻ㆸ䅇⼴炻ᶲ㴟旬役䘬䲿⺈㚜㎃≽≃

䘬シ栀㚜檀炻徸㻠㰘㎃ẍ䅫䄌䁢ᷣ䘬呠㰥㨇炻廱侴⺽忚㕘⺷䘤≽㨇ˤ¹⁰⁶ 厗㜙⛘⋨䓙 㕤ᶲ徘⎬䧖⃒⊊㡅ẞ炻⚈㬌ㆸ䁢≽≃㨇㡘忚⎋㚨⣂䘬⛘⋨炻忋ⷞ侴Ἦ䘬㨇☐ᾅᾖ䫱␐

怲䓊㤕䘤⯽炻ḇἧ⼿攟㰇ᶳ㷠ㆸ䁢⚳ℏ㨇☐ⶍ⺈㚨⭮普䘬⛘㕡炻¹⁰⁷ ẋ堐ⶍ㤕橼䲣䘤

⯽㚨䁢⬴㔜➭⮎ˤ

㚨⼴炻䓙堐 17 ⎬⛘暣≃ḳ㤕奨⮇ᶲ徘䘤暣㨇忚⎋嵐⊊↮㜸炻⎗ẍ䘤䎦冯⇵徘忚

⎋䴙妰ᶨ农炻⣏㉝ᶲ 1920 ⸜ẋ㛓㛇军 1930 ⸜ẋ⇅㛇炻㜙⊿冯厗⊿䘬暣≃ḳ㤕悥㚱栗 叿ㆸ攟ˤ

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

101 ύ୯ޗ཮ࣽᏢଣ࿶ᔮ㰧ز܌ЬጓǴȠ΢ੇ҇௼ᐒᏔπ཰ȡǴ। 443Ƕ

102 ΢ੇޗ཮ࣽᏢଣ࿶ᔮ㰧ز܌ጓǴȠቅᗶғҾ཰ў਑ȡȐ΢ੇǺΓ҇рހޗǴ1981 ԃȑǴ। 160Ƕ

103 ΢ੇޗ཮ࣽᏢଣ࿶ᔮ㰧ز܌ጓǴȠᄪৎҾ཰ў਑Ǻपཥǵᅽཥǵҙཥس಍ȡǴ। 31ǵ90-91Ƕ

104 ΢ੇޗ཮ࣽᏢଣ࿶ᔮ㰧ز܌ጓǴȠቅᗶғҾ཰ў਑ȡǴ। 161Ƕ

105 ύ୯ޗ཮ࣽᏢଣ࿶ᔮ㰧ز܌ЬጓǴȠ΢ੇ҇௼ᐒᏔπ཰ȡǴ। 447-448Ƕ

106 ؇༓ޱǴȤથቷচ୏Κୢᚒϐ୘ᄮȥǴȠથቷᖄӝ཮ۑтȡǴಃ 6 ڔಃ 1 යȐ1929 ԃȑǴ। 17-19Ƕ

107 ླྀεߎǴȠ౜жύ୯ჴ཰ᇞȡǴ। 865Ƕ