收入確認(續) Recognition of Income (Cont'd)

(e) ^{研究合約收入} (e) Research contract income

(f) ^{特許權收入} (f) Licensing income

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONT'D)

Licencing income is recognised upon assignment of the licence / patent or on a straight line basis over the period of the licence / patent granted.

From 1 July 2018, licensing income is recognised on a straight line basis over the contract period when a customer is granted with a right to access the patents as it exists throughout the licence period. Alternatively, licensing income is recognised at a single point in time upon delivery of the patents when a customer is provided with a right to use the patents as it exists at the point in time at which the licence is granted.

自2018年7月1日起，當客戶獲授予權利 於專利權利存在的整段許可期間取用有 關專利權利時，特許權收入即於合約期 間以直線法計算確認入賬。另一方面，

當客戶獲提供權利使用於授予許可的單 一時點存在的專利權利時，特許權收入 即於交付專利的有關時點入賬。

當研究合約的結果可被準確預測，其收 益將基於已完成的百分比確認入賬；當 其結果不能被準確預測，直至在項目完 成及當阻礙準確預測項目結果的不確定 因素不再存在前，其收益將按已發生而 預期可收回的支出數額確認入賬。

Income from contract research, whose outcome can be reliably estimated, is recognised based on the percentage of completion. Where the outcome of the contract research projects cannot be reliably estimated, project income is recognised to the extent of the expenses incurred that are expected to be recoverable until the completion of projects when the uncertainties that prevent reliable estimation of the outcome of the projects no longer exist.

自2018年7月1日起，研究合約的收益需 參考履行履約責任的進展於合同期間確 認。履行履約責任的進展乃根據本集團 的努力或履行履約責任的投入，並參考 截至報告期末所產生的開支佔每份合約 估計總成本的百分比來計量。

From 1 July 2018, income from contract research is recognised over the period of the contract by reference to the progress towards complete satisifaction of that performance obiligation. The progress towards complete satisfaction of the performance obligation is measured based on the Group's efforts or inputs to the satisfaction of the performance obligation, by reference to the expenses incurred up to the end of reporting period as a percentage of total estimated costs for each contract.

特許權收入則在簽署特許權 / 專利時或 在特許權 / 專利生效期間以直線法計算 確認入賬。

24. 主要會計政策(續) 24. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONT'D)

24.15 營運租約 24.15 Operating Leases

(a) 集團為出租者 (a) The Group as lessor

(b) 集團為承租者 (b) The Group as lessee

24.16 退休福利開支 24.16 Retirement Benefits Costs

24.17 外幣 24.17 Foreign Currencies

(a) (a)

來自營運租約的租金收入在有關租約年 期內按直線基準確認。

根據營運租約應付之租金以直線基準按 有關租約之年期於綜合全面收益表內列 賬。作為訂立營運租約誘因之已收及應 收利益，亦按直線基準於有關租約年期 分攤。

Rentals payable under operating leases are charged to the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income on a straight-line basis over the term of the relevant lease. Benefits received and receivable as an incentive to enter into an operating lease are also spread on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of the transactions.

Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the translation at year-end exchange rates of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are recognised in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income.

外幣交易乃按交易當日的現行匯 率換算為功能貨幣。因上述交易 結算而產生的匯兌損益，以及因 按年終匯率兌換以外幣列值的貨 幣資產及負債而產生的匯兌損益

， 一 概 於 綜 合 全 面 收 益 表 內 確 認。

為界定供款退休計劃所支付之款項，於 僱員作出供款所須之服務後列入綜合全 面收益表。

Payments to defined contribution retirement benefit plans are recognised in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income when employees have rendered service entitling them to the contribution.

本集團各實體的財務報表內所包括的項 目，乃按該實體經營所在的主要經濟環 境的貨幣(「功能貨幣」)計算。本綜合 財務報表以港幣呈列，而本集團的呈報 貨幣均為港幣。

Items included in the financial statements of each of the Group's entities are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates ("the functional currency"). The consolidated financial statements are presented in Hong Kong dollars, which is the Group's presentation currency.

Rental income from operating leases is recognised on a straight-line basis over the term of the relevant lease.

24. ^{主要會計政策(續)} 24. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONT'D)

24.17 外幣(續) 24.17 Foreign Currencies (Cont'd)

(b) (b)

Cost Allocation for UGC-funded and non-UGC funded activities for segment reporting

In compiling the segment reporting for compliance with the Cost Allocation Guidelines for UGC-funded and non-UGC-funded Activities ( “ the Guidelines ” ) effective from 1 July 2018, costs associated with UGC activities, non-UGC activities or shared activities are identified. Costs directly attributable to UGC or non-UGC activities are not subject to cost allocation. Shared costs are allocated to UGC and non-UGC segments using appropriate cost drivers including teaching credits of UGC and non-UGC programmes, the number of student Full Time Equivalents (FTE), floor area, etc.. Costs funded by donations are regarded as direct costs and reported under the Non-UGC Segment.

各全面收益表內的收入及開支均

Income and expenditure for each Statement of Comprehensive Income are translated at average exchange rates (unless this average is not a reasonable approximation of the cumulative effect of the rates prevailing on the transaction dates, in which case income and expenses are translated at exchange rates at the dates of the transactions); and all resulting exchange differences are recognised as a separate component of equity.

於各結算日在各資產負債表內呈 列的資產及負債均按該結算日的 收市匯率換算。

Assets and liabilities for each Balance Sheet presented are translated at the closing rate at the date of that Balance Sheet.

The results and financial position of all Group entities (none of which has the currency of a hyperinflationary economy) that have a functional currency different from the presentation currency are translated into the presentation currency as follows:

所有功能貨幣與呈報貨幣不一的 集團實體(各實體均無極高通賬經 濟地區的貨幣)，其業績及財務狀 況 均 以 下 列 方 式 換 算 為 呈 報 貨 幣：

25.

香港會計準則第1號及香港會計準則第8號(修訂) 重大的定義² Amendments to HKAS 1 and HKAS 8

香港會計準則第28號(修訂) 於聯營和合營企業的長期權益¹

Amendments to HKAS 28

香港(國際財務報告解釋公告)第23號 所得稅處理的不確定性¹

HK (IFRIC) 23

香港財務報告準則第9號(修訂) 帶有負補償特性之預付款項¹

Amendments to HKFRS 9

香港財務報告準則第16號 租賃¹

HKFRS 16

投資者與其聯營或合營企業之間的資產出售或注資³

香港財務報告準則之改進¹

1 於2019年1月1日或以後開始之年度期間生效。

Effective for accounting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2019.

2 於2020年1月1日或以後開始之年度期間生效。

Effective for accounting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2020.

3 生效日期待定。

Effective date to be determined.

香港財務報告準則第16號「租賃」

HKFRS 16, “Leases”

Improvements to HKFRSs¹

管理層現正就以上新公佈之準則、修訂及詮釋對集團之影響作出評估，其中對香港財務報告準則第16號初步的評估詳 情如下。

Management is currently assessing the impact of the above new standards, amendments and interpretations on the Group's financial statements, in which the preliminary assessment of HKFRS 16 is detailed below.

Uncertainty over Income Tax Treatments¹

香港財務報告準則第16號對集團於2019年7月1日或以後開始之年度之財務報表屬強制性。集團現時計劃由2019年7月1 日起採納此新準則。

HKFRS 16 is mandatory for the Group's financial statements for accounting periods beginning on or after 1 July 2019. The Group currently plans to adopt this new standard from 1 July 2019.

POSSIBLE IMPACT OF NEW STANDARDS, AMENDMENTS AND INTERPRETATIONS PUBLISHED THAT ARE NOT YET EFFECTIVE

本集團於此財務報表並無提早應用以下已頒佈但尚未生效，並與其運作有關之新訂及經修訂準則、修訂及詮釋。

The Group has not early adopted the following new standards, amendments, and interpretations which have been issued and are relevant to its operations but are not yet effective, in these financial

statements:-Definition of Material²

Long-term Interests in associates and joint venture¹

Prepayment Features with Negative Compensation¹

Leases¹ 香港財務報告準則第10號及香港會計準則第28號

(修訂)

Amendments to HKFRS 10 and HKAS 28 Sale and Contribution of Assets between an Investor and its Associate or Joint Venture³

2015至2017年週期年度改進

Annual Improvements 2015-2017 Cycle

已公佈但尚未生效的新準則、修訂和詮釋的潛在影響

25.

除此，並沒有已頒布但尚未生效，且預期於首次應用後會對集團之財務狀況及 / 或財務表現有重大影響之其他準則。

於2019年6月30日，集團擁有不可撤銷營運租約之承擔金額為二千三百萬元 [見附註19(b)(i)] 。一旦採納香港財務報告 準則第16號，該等款項部分可能須確認為租賃負債，並確認相應的有使用權之資產。集團正在評估此等變動將導致確 認一項資產及就未來付款之一項負債的程度，以及採納香港財務報告準則第16號將如何影響集團之盈餘及現金流之分 類。

As at 30 June 2019, the Group has non-cancellable operating lease commitments of $23 million [see Note 19(b)(i)]. Some of these amounts may need to be recognised as lease liabilities, with corresponding right-of use assets, once HKFRS 16 is adopted. The Group is in the process of assessing to what extent these operating lease commitments will result in the recognition of an asset and a liability for future payments and how this will affect the Group's surplus and classification of cash flows.

There are no other standards that have been issued but are not yet effective and upon their initial application that would be expected to have a material impact on the financial position and / or financial performance of the Group.

因作為經營租賃與融資租賃之區分已被刪除，香港財務報告準則第16號要求近乎所有租賃由承租人於資產負債表上確 認。根據香港財務報告準則第16號，一項資產（使用租賃項目之權利）以及支付租金之財務負債乃予以確認。惟一例 外之情況是少於12個月的短期租賃及低價值租賃。此外，與該等租賃有關的開支性質將會變更，因為香港財務報告準 則第16號以有使用權之資產之折舊支出及租賃負債之利息開支，取代平均等額經營租賃開支。有使用權之資產的直線 折舊法及應用於租賃負債的實際利率法兩者之組合，將導致於租約初期在全面收益表的總開支較高，及於租約後期的 開支逐漸減少。

HKFRS 16 requires almost all leases being recognised by the lessee on the balance sheet, as the distinction between operating and finance leases is removed. Under HKFRS 16, an asset (the right to use the leased item) and a financial liability to pay rentals are recognised. The only exceptions are short-term leases of less than twelve months and leases of low-value assets. In addition, the nature of expenses related to those leases will now change as HKFRS 16 replaces the straight-line operating expense with a depreciation charge for right-of-use assets and interest expense on lease liabilities. The combination of a straight-line depreciation of the right-of-use asset and the effective interest rate method applied to the lease liability will result in a higher expenses charge to statement of comprehensive income in the initial years of the lease, and decreasing expenses during the latter part of the lease term.

POSSIBLE IMPACT OF NEW STANDARDS, AMENDMENTS AND INTERPRETATIONS PUBLISHED THAT ARE NOT YET EFFECTIVE (CONT'D)

已公佈但尚未生效的新準則、修訂和詮釋的潛在影響(續)

26.

(a) 香港財務報告準則第9號 HKFRS 9

(i) 採納的影響 Impact of adoption

Accordingly, available-for-sale ("AFS") financial assets with carrying amount of $421 million were reclassified to financial assets at FVOCI according to the Group's business model, and the nature and contractual cash flow characteristics of the financial instruments on 1 July 2018. Such reclassification also changed the measurement of certain AFS financial assets which were originally measured at cost. Under HKFRS 9, these financial assets have to be measured at fair value.

由於採納此項新指引，本集團權益總額之期初結餘增加五千三百萬元以及相應累計公平價值收益四億六千萬元於2018年7月1 日由可供出售財務資產重估儲備轉撥至按公平價值透過其他全面收益列賬之財務資產重估儲備。

As a result of adopting this new guidance, the opening balance of the Group's total equity has been increased by $53 million and the corresponding accumulated fair value gains of $460 million were transferred from AFS financial assets revaluation reserve to financial assets at FVOCI revaluation reserve on 1 July 2018.

本集團按攤銷成本分類的債務財務資產及於香港財務報告準則第15號下的合約資產，均須遵照新的預期信貸虧損模式進行減 值評估。於2018年7月1日採用新減值模式的結果並未對本集團的財務資產的賬面值產生重大影響。

本集團按攤銷成本分類的債務財務資產及於香港財務報告準則第15號下的合約資產，均須遵照新的預期信貸虧損模式進行減 值評估。於2018年7月1日採用新減值模式的結果並未對本集團的財務資產的賬面值產生重大影響。