本研究成功利用水熱法搭配種晶層在FTO基板上生長三氧化鎢奈米棒薄 膜，但是在經過SEM與電化學量測後發現數據顯示仍有很大的改善空間，因 此針對往後可以改善的地方，下面列了幾點作為我未來欲完成之工作。
1. 因目前實驗上所使用之種晶層仍有少許顆粒上的殘留，使得在膜層的附 著上有缺陷存在，因此需找出最佳條件之種晶層後並進行後續水熱製程 製備之三氧化鎢膜層。
2. 電致變色之著退色效率上，因水熱製程製備出之三氧化鎢膜層為結晶性 結構，而在變色性質上結晶性物質只能提供良好的循環穩定性。因此，
嘗試以常壓電漿或其他的鍍膜方式在表面鍍上一層非晶結構三氧化鎢膜 層，得以改善著退色效率之問題。
參考文獻
[01]. 吳永豪，“智慧窗與玻璃塗層”，工業材料雜誌，第207期，2004年，
第136-149頁。
[02]. Elin Hammarberg and Arne Roos, “Antireflection treatment of
low-emitting glazings for energy efficient windows with high visible transmittance”, Thin Solid Films, vol.442, 2003, pp.222-226.
[03]. C.M. Lampert, “Large-area smart glass and integrated photovoltaic”, Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, vol.76, 2003, pp.489-499.
[04]. G. Bräuer, “Large area glass coatings”, Surface and Coatings Technology, vol.112, 1999, pp.358-365.
[05]. C.G. Granqvist, E. Avendano and A. Azens, “Electrochromic coatings and devices: survey of some recent advances”, Thin Solid Films, vol.442, 2003, pp.201-211.
[06]. C. G. Granqvist, A. Azens, A. Hjelm, L. Kullman, G. A. Niklasson, D.
Rönnow, M. Strømme Mattsson, M . Veszelei and G. Vaivars,
“RECENT ADVANCES IN ELECTROCHROMICS FOR
SMARTWINDOWS APPLICATIONS”, Solar Energy, vol.63, no.4, 1998, pp.199-216.
[07]. D. N. Buckley, L. D. Burke and J. K. Mukahy, “The oxygen electrode.
Part 7.-Influence of some electrical and electrolyte variables on the charge capacity of iridium in the anodic region”, J. Chem. Soc., vol.72 , 1976, p.1896.
[08]. L. D. Burke and E. J. M. O’sakan, “Enhanced oxide growth at a rhodium surface in base under potential cycling conditions”, J.
Electroanal. Chem., vol.93, 1978, p.11.
[09]. Y. A. Yang, Y. W. Cao, B. H. Loo and J. N. Yao, “Microstructures of Electrochromic MoO
3
Thin Films Colored by Injection of Different Cations”, J. Phys. Chem. B, vol.102, 1998, p.9392.[10]. Z. S. Guan, J. N. Yao, Y. A. Yang and B. H. Loo, “Electrochromism of annealed vacuum-evaporated V
2
O5
films”, J. Electroanal. Chem.,vol.443, 1998, pp.175-179.
[11]. Azens, L. Kullman, G. Vaivars, H. Nordborg and C. G. Granqvist,
“Sputter-deposited nickel oxide for electrochromic applications”, Solid State Ionics, vol.113-115, 1998, pp.449-456.
[12]. L. D. Burke, T. A. M. Thomey and D. P. Whelan, “Growth of an electrochromic film on tungsten in acid under potential cycling conditions”, J. Electroanal. Chem., vol.107, 1980, pp.201-204.
[13]. T. Ohtasuka, M. Masuda and N. Sato, “Cathodic Reduction of Anodic Oxide Films Formed on Titanium”, J. Electrochem. Soc, vol.134, 1987, pp.2406-2410.
[14]. Nilgün and Özer, “Optical and electrochemical characteristics of sol-gel deposited tungsten oxide films: a comparison”, Thin Solid Films,
vol.304, 1997, pp.310-314.
[15]. C. W. Ong, H. Y. Wong, G. K. H. Pang, K. Z. Baba-Kishi and C. L.
Choy, “Relationship between the microstructure and nanoindentation hardness of thermally evaporated and magnetron-sputtered
electrochromic tungsten oxide films”, J. Mater. Res., vol.16, 2001, pp.1541-1548.
[16]. J. L. He and M. C. Chiu, “Effect of oxygen on the electrochromism of RF reactive magnetron sputter deposited tungsten oxide”, Surface and Coatings Technology, vol.127, 2000, pp.43-51.
[17]. Lamartine Meda, Richard C. Breitkopf, Terry E. Haas and Rein U Kirss,
“Investigation of electrochromic properties of nanocrystalline tungsten oxide thin film”, Thin Solid Films, vol.402, 2002, pp.126-130.
[18]. G. Leftheriotis, S. Papaefthimiou and P. Yianoulis, “The effect of water on the electrochromic properties of WO
3
films prepared by vacuum and chemical methods”, Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, vol.83, 2004, pp.115-124.[19]. M. Deepa, A. K. Srivastava, S. Singh and S. A. Agnihotry,
“Structure-property correlation of nanostructured WO
3
thin films produced by electrodeposition”, J. Mater. Res., vol.19, 2004, pp.2576-2585.[20]. A. Rougier, F. Portemer, A. Quédée and M. El Marssi,
“Characterization of pulsed laser deposited WO
3
thin films for electrochromic devices”, Applied Surface Science, vol.153, 1999, pp.1-9.[21]. M. Regragui, M. Addou, A. Outzourhit, J.C. Bernéde, Elb. El Idrissi, E.
Benseddik and A. Kachouane, “Preparation and characterization of pyrolytic spray deposited electrochromic tungsten trioxide films”, Thin Solid Films, vol.358, 2000, pp.40-45.
[22]. 何國川，“電化學與無窗時代”，化工，第37期，1990年，第32-42 頁。
[23]. 何主亮，邱明傑，“反應磁控濺鍍氧化鎢薄膜氧含量對其電致色變 性質之影響”，真空科技，第12期，1999年，第4-15頁。
[24]. Prakash R. Somani and S. Radhakrishnan, “Electrochromic materials and devices: present and future”, Materials Chemistry and Physics, vol.77, 2002, pp.117-133.
[25]. 楊明長，“電致色變系統簡介”，化工，第40期，1993年，第64-67 頁。
[26]. 謝育忠，
電漿濺鍍電致色變氧化鎳薄膜特性研究與節能評估
，中原大學化學工程系，碩士論文，民國2002年。
[27]. S. K. Deb, “A Novel Electrophotographic System”, Appl. Optics, vol.8, 1969, p.192.
[28]. B. W. Faughnan, R. S. Crandall and P. M. Heyman, “Electrochromism in WO
3
Amorphous Films”, RCA Review, vol.36, 1975, pp.177-197.[29]. A. Avendano, A. Azens, G. A. Niklasson and C. G. Granqvist, “Sputter Deposited Electrochromic Films and Devices Based on These：Progress on Nickel-Oxide-Based Film”, Materials Science and Engineerimg：B, vol.138, 2007, pp.112-117.
[30]. R. D. Rauh, “Electrochromic windows: an overview”, Electrochim.
Acta, vol.44, 1999, p.3165.
[31]. B. W. Faughnan, R. S. Crandall and P. M. Heyman, “Electrochromism in WO
3
Amorphous Films”, RCA Review, vol.36, 1975, pp.177-197.[32]. S.H. Lee, H. M. Cheong, J. G. Zhang, A. Mascarenhas, D. K. Benson and S. K. Deb, “Electrochromic mechanism in a-WO
3-y
thin films”, Applied Physics Letters, vol.74, no.2, 1999, pp.242-244.[33]. S. K. Deb, “Optical and Photoelectric Properties and Color Centers in Thin Films of Tungsten Oxide”, Philosophical Magazine, vol.27, no.4, 1973, pp.801-822.
[34]. J. M. Honig, Electrodes of Conductive Metallic Oxides, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1980.
[35]. O. F. Schirmer, V. Wittwer, G. Baur and G. Brandt, ”Dependence of WO
3
Electrochromic Absorption on Crystallinity”, Journal of the Electrochemical Society, vol.124, no.5, 1977, pp.749-753.[36]. C. G. Granqvist, Handbook of Inorganic Electrochromic Materials, Elsevier, Amsterdam, Lausanne, New York, Oxford, Shannon, Tokyo, 1995, p.181.
[37]. K. Bange, “Colouration of tungsten oxide films: A model for optically active coatings”, Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, vol.58, 1999, pp.1-131.
[38]. B. Jirhennsons and M. E. Straumanis, Colloid Chemistry, McMillan Co.
New York, 1962.
[39]. “Sol-gel technologies and their products”, http://www.chemat.com/, CHEMAT Technology, Inc.
[40]. G. W. Morey, “Hydrothermal synthesis”, J. Am. Ceram. Soc, vol.36, 1953, pp.279-285.
[41]. S. Wade, T. Suzuki and T. Noma, “Microstructural Defects in
Ferroelectrics and Their Scientific Implications”, J. Am. Ceram. Soc.
Jpn., vol.12, 1995, p.103.
[42]. Dao-Feng Chen, Shun-Xiang, Mutsuo Kozuka, Quan-Zhong Sun, Ju Feng, Qiang Wang, Teruo Mukainaka, Yoshitaka Nobukuni, Harukuni Tokuda, Hoyoku Nishino, Hui-Kang Wang, Susan L. Morris-Natschke and Kuo-Hsiung Lee, “Interiotherins C and D, Two New Lignans from Kadsura interior and Antitumor-Promoting Effects of Related
Neolignans on Epstein-Barr Virus Activation”, Chen. Lett, vol.9, 2002, pp.65-226.
[43]. 林承賢，
二氧化鈦摻雜釩的薄膜電極應用於染料敏化太陽能電池之
研究
，國立台南大學，2008年。[44]. 陳志瑋，謝文宗，劉志宏，林春宏，“以常壓電漿輔助化學氣相沉 積製備疏水薄膜”，機械工業雜誌，第287期，2007年。
[45]. S. Rajagopal, D. Nataraj, D. Mangalaraj, Y. Djaoued, J. Robichaud and O. Y. Khyzhun, “Controlled Growth of WO
3
Nanostructures with Three Different Morphologies and Their Structural, Optical, andPhotodecomposition Studies”, Nanoscale Res. Lett., vol.4, 2009, p.1335.
[46]. Jun Zhang, Jiang-ping Tu, Xin-hui Xia, Xiu-li Wang and Chang-dong Gu, “Hydrothermally synthesized WO
3
nanowire arrays with highly improved electrochromic performance”, Journal of Materials Chemistry, vol.21, 2011, p.5492.[47]. Zhihui Jiao, XiaoWei Sun, JinminWang, Lin Ke and Hilmi Volkan Demir, “Hydrothermally grown nanostructured WO
3
films and their electrochromic characteristics”, JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D, vol.43, 2010, pp.285501-285506.[48]. Yung-Sen Lin, Yen-Cheng Chen amd Shih-Wei Tien, “Effects of oxygen addition on enhancing electrochromic performance of flexible tungsten/tantalum oxide films using an atmospheric pressure plasma jet”, Surface & Coatings Technology, vol.221, 2013, pp.173-181.
[49]. Jun Zhang, Jiang-ping Tu, Xin-hui Xia, Xiu-li Wang and Chang-dong Gu, “Hydrothermally synthesized WO
3
nanowire arrays with highly improved electrochromic performance”, Journal of Materials Chemistry, vol.21, 2011, p.5492.[50]. Zhihui Jiao, Jinmin Wang, Lin Ke, Xuewei Liu, Hilmi Volkan Demir, Ming Fei Yang and Xiao Wei Sun, “Electrochromic properties of nanostructured tungsten trioxide ( hydrate ) films and their applications in a complementary electrochromic device”, Electrochimica Acta, vol.63, 2012, pp.153-160.
[51]. J. Zhang, X. L. Wang, X. H. Xia, C. D. Gu and J. P. Tu,
“Electrochromic behavior of WO
3
nanotree films prepared byhydrothermal oxidation”, Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, vol.95, 2011, pp.2107-2112.
[52]. Dongyun Ma, Hongzhi Wang, Qinghong Zhang and Yaogang Li,
“Self-weaving WO
3
nanoflake films with greatly enhancedelectrochromic performance”, Journal of Materials Chemistry, vol.22, 2012, p.16633.
[53]. Dongyun Ma, Guoying Shi, Hongzhi Wang, Qinghong Zhang and Yaogang Li, “Morphology-tailored synthesis of vertically aligned 1D WO
3
nano-structure films for highly enhanced electrochromicperformance”, Journal of Materials Chemistry A, vol.1, 2013, p.684.
[54].
Guo-fa Cai, Xiu-li Wang, Ding Zhou, Jia-heng Zhang, Qin-qin Xiong,
Changdong Guab and Jiang-ping Tu, “Hierarchical structure Ti-doped
WO 3 film with improved electrochromism in visible-infrared region”,
RSC Advances, vol.3, 2013, pp.6896-6905.
[55].
Feng Zheng, Hui Lu, Min Guo and Mei Zhang, “Effect of substrate pre-treatment on controllable synthesis of hexagonal WO 3 nanorod arrays and their electrochromic properties”, CrystEngComm, vol.15,
2013, pp.5828-5837.
[56]. G. F. Cai, D. Zhou, Q. Q. Xiong, J. H. Zhang, X. L. Wang, C. D. Gu and J. P. Tu, “Efficient electrochromic materials based on TiO
2
@WO3
core/shell nanorod arrays”, Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, vol.117, 2013, pp.231-238.
[57]. Feng Zheng, Mei Zhang and Min Guo, “Controllable preparation of WO