第六章 實驗與量測
6.2 特性分析
(1)PFC 量測之數據
工作條件:Vin=265V
Iin Pin PF A_TH D
A1 A3 A5 A7 A9 Vo Io Po η
A(rms) W [%] A(rms) % % % % V(dc) A(dc) W %
1.46 181 0.963 16.39 732m 7.96 3.785 1.139 3.51 414.6 421m 171.9 94.9 2.296 604 0.989 9.92 2.276 5.409 2.232 0.875 1.341 406.6 1.42 577.8 95.7 4.34 1.14K 0.989 14.19 4.249 12.57 1.171 1.419 3.547 399.2 2.712 1.08K 95.1
5.49 1.45K 0.992 10.56 5.41 8.99 3.74 0.557 1.879 395.9 3.48 1.38K 95.2 工作條件:Vin=220V
Iin Pin PF A_TH D
A1 A3 A5 A7 A9 Vo Io Po η
A(rms) W [%] A(rms) % % % % V(dc) A(dc) W %
1.17 188 0.975 17.76 1.15 9.917 7.947 4.925 1.187 413.8 419m 173.3 92.1 2.786 611 0.993 7.466 2.77 5.147 1.553 1.066 1.204 407.3 1.424 580.4 94.9 5.26 1.15K 0.995 8.59 5.185 7.67 1.768 0.737 1.916 400.5 2.724 1.09K 94.8 6.648 1.445K 0.996 6.87 6.57 5.58 3.13 1.38 0.011 396.1 3.483 1.379K 94.8
工作條件:Vin=150 Iin Pin PF A_TH
D
A1 A3 A5 A7 A9 Vo Io Po η
A(rms) W [%] A(rms) % % % % V(dc) A(dc) W %
1.276 190.19 0.992 9.779 1.259 3.041 4.875 0.628 1.749 411.7 417m 172.44 90.7 4.2 627 0.994 8.845 4.156 3.87 0.621 0.163 0.477 408.7 1.43 584.3 93.2 7.87 1.175K 0.998 4.68 7.79 2.82 2.7 1.57 1.3 400.1 2.712 1.084K 92.3 10.08 1.495K 0.998 4.64 9.97 3.19 2.42 1.719 1.219 396.3 3.481 1.379K 92.2
工作條件:Vin=90V Iin Pin PF A_TH
D
A1 A3 A5 A7 A9 Vo Io Po η
A(rms) W [%] A(rms) % % % % V(dc) A(dc) W %
2.232 197.16 0.98 19.8 2.175 17.26 4.774 3.681 3.316 412.0 416m 171.44 88.4 7.439 663.1 0.998 5.595 7.43 4.638 0.738 0.557 0.612 409.3 1.43 586. 91.0 14.35 1.269K 0.999 4.045 14.41 3.35 1.28 1.001 0.278 400.1 2.713 1.085K 89.6 18.73 1.63K 0.999 2.19 18.65 1.35 0.73 0.55 0.012 395.5 3.478 1.376K 84.4
(2)DC/DC 量測之效率
702 12 92.34
879 15 92.14
1053 18 92.22
1240 21 91.45
1421 24 91.20
1609 27 90.61
1798 30 90.10
1983 33 89.86
2182 36 89.10
2374 39 88.71
2440 40 88.52
Pin (W) Io (A) η (%)
177 3 81.55
323 6 89.08
476 9 90.77
633 12 90.98
790 15 91.14
950 18 90.93
1110 21 90.81
1277 24 90.21
1444 27 89.75
1619 30 88.94
1790 33 88.49
1966 36 87.89
2148 39 87.15
2214 40 86.72
(a)V = 390V;Vo = 54V (b)V = 390V;Vo = 48V
第二的 PFC 部份已完成 1.4KW 的輸出功率,DC/DC 部份,使用高功 率變壓器製作,輸出功率已達到 2KW,第三年提出 3KW AC/DC 高功率電 源模組的實作成果。實測結果如下:
(1) 一般狀態,在未達零電壓時功率元件之 VDS及 VGS波形狀態。
VDS
VGS
圖17 VDS(CH4):100V/div VGS(CH1):5V/div (2)領先側達到零電壓狀態的情形:
2.1 輸出電壓 48V:領先側在(Vo=48V/Io=3A)達到零電壓切換之 VDS和VGS
VDS
VGS
圖 18 VDS(CH2):100V/div VGS(CH1):10V/div
2.2 輸出電壓 48V:領先側在(Vo=48V/Io=10A)達到零電壓切換之 VDS和VGS
VDS VGS
圖19 VDS(CH2):100V/div VGS(CH1):10V/div
2.3 輸出電壓 48V:領先側在(Vo=48V/Io=20A)達到零電壓切換之 VDS和VGS
VDS VGS
圖20 VDS(CH2):100V/div VGS(CH1):10V/div
(3)落後側達到零電壓狀態的情形:
3.1 輸出電壓 48V:落後側在(Vo=48V/Io=3A)未達零電壓切換之 VDS和VGS
VDS VGS
圖21 VDS(CH2):100V/div VGS(CH1):10V/div
3.2 輸出電壓 48V:落後側在(Vo=48V/Io=10A)達到零電壓切換之 VDS和VGS
VDS VGS
圖22 VDS(CH2):100V/div VGS(CH1):10V/div
3.3 輸出電壓 48V:落後側在(Vo=48V/Io=20A)達到零電壓切換之 VDS和VGS
VDS VGS
圖23 VDS(CH2):100V/div VGS(CH1):10V/div
(4)典型輸出(60V、48V、40V)在 Io=22A 時各式波形比較如下:
4.1 Vo=60V/Io=20A 之 Ip、VAB、VS波形
Ip
VS
VAB
圖24 IP(CH1):5A/div VAB (CH2):10V/div VS (CH3):10V/div
4.2 Vo=48V/Io=20A 之 Ip、VAB、VS波形
VS
VAB
Ip
圖25 IP(CH1):5A/div VAB (CH2):10V/div VS (CH3):10V/div
4.3 Vo=40V/Io=20A 之 Ip、VAB、VS波形
VS
VAB
Ip
圖26 IP(CH1):5A/div VAB (CH2):10V/div VS (CH3):10V/div
(5)DC/DC 效率之量測結果:
表二 DC/DC 輸出電壓 40V 效率表 輸出電壓40V
Vin Iin Vout Iout Pin Pout 效率(%) 390 0.63 40.08 5 245.7 200.4 81.56%
390 1.15 40.08 10 448.5 400.8 89.36%
390 1.69 40.08 15 659.1 601.2 91.22%
390 2.26 40.08 20 881.4 801.6 90.95%
表三 DC/DC 輸出電壓 60V 效率表 輸出電壓60V
Vin Iin Vout Iout Pin Pout 效率(%) 390 0.88 60.06 5 343.20 300.30 87.50%
390 1.69 59.89 10 659.10 598.90 90.87%
390 2.47 59.86 15 963.30 897.90 93.21%
390 3.29 59.86 20 1283.10 1197.20 93.31%
第三年本計畫所提 SMR 之並聯策略,實驗結果如下:
單一 DC/DC 模組效率之量測結果:
表四 DC/DC 輸出電壓 40V 效率表 輸出電壓40V
Vin Iin Vout Iout Pin Pout 效率(%) 390 1.15 40.08 10 448.5 400.8 89.36%
390 2.26 40.08 20 881.4 801.6 90.95%
390 4.00 40.08 35 1560.0 1402.8 89.92%
390 5.84 40.15 50 2277.6 2007.5 88.14%
表五 DC/DC 輸出電壓 54V 效率表 輸出電壓54V
Vin Iin Vout Iout Pin Pout 效率(%) 390 1.52 53.65 10 592.8 536.5 90.50%
390 2.97 53.67 20 1158.3 1073.4 92.67%
390 5.25 53.70 35 2047.5 1879.5 91.79%
390 7.61 53.76 50 2967.9 2688.0 90.57%
表六 DC/DC 輸出電壓 60V 效率表 輸出電壓60V
Vin Iin Vout Iout Pin Pout 效率(%) 390 1.69 59.89 10 659.10 598.90 90.87%
390 3.29 59.86 20 1283.10 1197.20 93.31%
390 5.81 59.78 35 2265.90 2092.30 92.34%
390 8.42 59.90 50 3283.80 2995.00 91.21%
75.00%
80.00%
85.00%
90.00%
95.00%
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
40V 54V 60V
圖27 功率模組效率分布圖
(a) (b)
圖28 (a) 3KWPFC 實體圖 (b) 3KW DC/DC 主轉換器實體圖
Vo=50V,二台並聯分流誤差百分比
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
輸出總電流(A)
分流誤差率(%)
Err1[%]
Err2[%]
圖29 並聯操作之分流誤差百分比
第七章 結論
本子計畫第一年完成 1KW DC/DC 高功率電信電源模組之核心技術研 究,零電壓切換直流對直流轉換器的輸入電壓為 360-400 VDC,輸出電壓 可調範圍為 40-60 VDC 及輸出電流為 0-20A。
本子計畫第二依計畫完成 3KW DC/DC 高功率電信電源模組之核心技 術研究,文中所提之功率因述修正器可適用於世界電源 90~265Vac 及頻率 為 47~65Hz 之交流輸入電源。零電壓切換共振式輸出可調型直流對直流轉 換器的輸入電壓為 360-400 VDC,輸出電壓可調範圍為 40-60 VDC及輸出電 流為 0-50A。轉換器的主要架構採相移式全橋零電壓轉換技術,可以減少開 關切換損失問題,並有效提升直流/直流轉換器的效率。第三年進行多模組 並聯整合以提升輸出功率,並聯技術採最大電流分流法,模組分流率可及
±1%。本研製之 DC/DC 轉換器的實驗製作及實物量測結果完全符合預期成 果,並可順利和其他相關子計畫整合。
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