過的氧化炸油其酸價(acid value, AV) 和共軛雙烯(conjugated diene) 數值 均較新鮮油高；指標顯示本實驗所用炸油酸敗程度與先前研究使用相符(9)。
二、 採用對飼育觀察炸油對小鼠生長及飼料效率影響
第四章 結果
第四章 結果
第四章 結果
第四章 結果
由於 preproinsulin1 及 preproinsulin2 mRNA level 並沒有因為 PDX-1 的表現量減少而降低，因此我們測定小島總胰島素蛋白質含量，以 釐清究竟小島胰島素生成是否受到攝食炸油影響。圖 4-14 為給予試驗飲食 九週後犧牲將胰臟小島取出打破測其內總胰島素蛋白質含量，結果發現高油 組 (HF 和 HO )其胰臟小島總胰島素含量顯著的低於 LF 組(p< 0.0005)，
HF 與 HO 組間並無差異。
第四章 結果
第四章 結果
第四章 結果
HF + E 四組之間並無顯著差異，若用 Student’s t test 分析，則可看到 HO 組之 GSIS 有顯著的低於 HF 組。然而，在給予補充維生素 E 後其 GSIS 有增加的趨勢(HO vs. HO+E)；與禁食胰島素結果相似的是，再次發現 HF 組補充維生素 E 後其 GSIS 反而有降低趨勢(HF vs. HF+E)。
第四章 結果
表 4-1 控制組與注射 Streptozotocin (STZ, 130 mg/ kg BW)小鼠之體重與禁食 血糖值
Table 4-1 The body weight and fasting blood glucose levels of mice treated with or without streptozotocin (STZ)
Initial body weight
Final body weight
Body weight gain
Fasting serum glucose Control 16.4 g 29.2 g 12.8 g 114.8 mg/ dL
STZ 16.9 g 16.8 g -0.1 g 292.1 mg/ dL
第四章 結果
表 4-2 飼料用油品質指標
Table 4-2 The quality index of fresh soybean oil and oxidized frying oil
Fresh soybean oil Oxidized frying oil*
Acid value (mg KOH / g) 0.034 1.413
A233 (OD / g) 618.7 4592
* The oxidized frying oil was prepared by frying dough sheets in soybean oil (President Co., Tainan, Taiwan) at 205 ± 5℃for 24 h.
第四章 結果
表 4-3 C57BL/6J 小鼠採對飼育餵食試驗飲食九週之初始體重、最終體重、攝食量、能量攝取、飼料效率及能量效率12 Table 4-3 Initial and final body weight, food and energy intake, feed and energy efficiency of mice fed the experimental diets for 9 weeks12
Initial body weight
Final body weight Body weight gain Food intake Energy intake Feed efficiency Energy efficiency
( g ) ( g ) ( g / d ) ( g / d ) ( kcal / d ) ( g gain / g feed ) ( g gain / kcal feed ) LF 20.88 ± 1.48 30.00 ± 2.42 a 0.11 ± 0.02 b 4.57 ± 0.39 a 17.36 ± 1.48 0.024 ± 0.004 b 0.006 ± 0.001 b HF 20.68 ± 1.27 31.69 ± 3.3 a 0.13 ± 0.03 a 3.74 ± 0.41 b 16.96 ±1.88 0.036 ± 0.008 a 0.008 ± 0.002 a HO 20.78 ± 1.42 26.19 ± 1.12 b 0.07 ± 0.01 c 3.83 ± 0.29 b 17.36 ±1.32 0.017 ± 0.004 c 0.004 ± 0.001 c
1 The values are the means ± S.D. (n=7~10).
2 The significance of differences among LF, HF and HO groups was analyzed by one way ANOVA and Duncan’s multiple range test. Values not sharing the same superscript letters in the same vertical column are significantly different among
第四章 結果
表 4-4 C57BL/6J 小鼠補充維生素 E 飲食九週之肝臟和胰臟維生素 E 含量12 Table 4-4 The vitamin E content in liver and pancreas of C57BL/6J mice fed experimental diets with or without vitamin E supplementation for 9 weeks 12
HO HF HO + E HF + E Liver (mol/mg TG) 1.86±1.24b 4.39±1.89b 9.19±4.86a 13.23±5.97a Pancreas (μmol/g) 3.99±0.21c 13.58±4.47b 10.26±2.56b 29.09±5.08a
1 The values are the means ± S.D. (n = 5).
2The significance of differences among HO, HF, HO+E and HF+E groups were analyzed by one way ANOVA and Duncan’s multiple range test. Values not sharing the same superscript letters are significantly different among groups (p<0.05).
(感謝嘉南藥理科技大學蕭慧美老師提供)
第四章 結果
圖 4-1 小鼠注射 STZ 胰臟小島之葡萄糖刺激胰島素分泌 (GSIS)
Fig. 4-1 The glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) of islet from mice treated with streptozotocin (STZ).
第四章 結果
圖 4-2 C57BL/6J 小鼠餵食試驗飲食第四週進行口服葡萄糖耐受試驗 (OGTT) 之血糖曲線變化
Fig. 4-2 The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) performed on C57BL/6J mice fed experimental diets for 4 wk.The area under the curve for glucose (AUCglu) over 2 h is also shown. The values are the means ± S.D. (n=7~10).
The significance of differences among LF, HF and HO groups was analyzed by one way ANOVA and Duncan’s multiple range test. Values not sharing the same superscript letters at the same time point are significantly different among groups (p<0.05).
第四章 結果
圖 4-3 C57BL/6J 小鼠餵食試驗飲食第八週之禁食血清胰島素濃度
Fig. 4-3 The fasting serum insulin levels of C57BL/6J mice fed experimental diets for 8 wk. The values are the means ± S.D. (n=7~10). The significance of differences among LF, HF and HO groups was analyzed by one way ANOVA and Duncan’s multiple range test. Values not sharing the same superscript letters are significantly different among groups (p<0.05).
第四章 結果
圖 4-4 C57BL/6J 小鼠餵食試驗飲食九週胰臟小島之 phase 1 (10 min.)與 phase 2 (60 min.) 葡萄糖刺激胰島素分泌 (GSIS).
Fig. 4-4 The phase 1 (10 min.) and phase 2 (60 min.) glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) of islets from C57BL/6J mice fed experimental diets for 9weeks. The values are the means ± S.D. (n=7~10). The islets from each animal were performed in triplicate. The fold induction was
calculated by taking the value of LF group as 100 %. The significance of differences among LF, HF and HO groups was analyzed by one way ANOVA and Duncan’s multiple range test. Values not sharing the same superscript letters are significantly different among groups (p<0.05).
第四章 結果
圖 4-5 C57BL/6J 小鼠餵食試驗飲食九週之肝臟 GSH 含量
Fig. 4-5 The reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration in liver of C57BL/6J mice fed experimental diets for 9weeks. The values are the means ± S.D.
(n=7~10). The significance of differences among LF, HF and HO groups was analyzed by one way ANOVA and Duncan’s multiple range test. Values not sharing the same superscript letters are significantly different among groups (p<0.05).
第四章 結果
圖 4-6 C57BL/6J 小鼠餵食試驗飲食九週之肝臟 TBARS 含量
Fig. 4-6 The thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) concentration in liver of C57BL/6J mice fed experimental diets for 9weeks. The values are the means ± S.D. (n=7~10). The significance of differences among LF, HF and HO groups was analyzed by one way ANOVA and Duncan’s multiple range test. Values not sharing the same superscript letters are significantly different among groups (p<0.05).
第四章 結果
圖 4-7 C57BL/6J 小鼠餵食試驗飲食九週之肝臟維生素 E 含量
Fig. 4-7 The vitamin E (α-tocopherol) concentration in liver of C57BL/6J mice fed experimental diets for 9weeks. The values are the means ± S.D.
(n=7~10). The significance of differences among LF, HF and HO groups was analyzed by one way ANOVA and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test.
Values not sharing the same superscript letters are significantly different among groups (p<0.05).
第四章 結果
圖 4-8 C57BL/6J 小鼠餵食試驗飲食九週之胰臟小島總抗氧化能力 Fig. 4-8 The total antioxidant ability in islets of C57BL/6J mice fed
experimental diets for 9weeks. The values are the means ± S.D. (n=5~12).
The fold induction was calculated by taking the value of HF group as 1. The significance of differences among LF, HF and HO groups was analyzed by one way ANOVA and Duncan’s multiple range test. Values not sharing the same superscript letters are significantly different among group (p<0.05).
第四章 結果
圖 4-9 C57BL/6J 小鼠餵食試驗飲食九週之胰臟小島 GPx 活性 Fig. 4-9 The glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity in islets of C57BL/6J mice fed experimental diets for 9weeks. The values are the means ± S.D.
(n=6). The significance of differences between the HF and HO groups was analyzed by Student’s t test (*p<0.05).
第四章 結果
圖 4-10 C57BL/6J 小鼠餵食試驗飲食九週之胰臟小島脂質過氧化物含量 Fig. 4-10 The lipid hydroperoxide (LPO) content in islets of C57BL/6J mice fed experimental diets for 9weeks.
第四章 結果
圖 4-11 C57BL/6J 小鼠餵食試驗飲食九週之胰臟小島 TNF-α 含量
Fig. 4-11 The tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) content in islets of C57BL/6J mice fed experimental diets for 9weeks. The values are the means ± S.D.
(n=4-6).
第四章 結果
(A)
(B)
圖 4-12 C57BL/6J 小鼠餵食試驗飲食九週以西方墨點法偵測胰臟小島 JNK 及 PDX-1 蛋白質含量
Fig. 4-12 Western blot analysis of JNK and PDX-1 protein (A) in islet of C57BL/6J mice fed experimental diets for 9weeks. Signals were
quantitated by image analysis (B). The fold induction was calculated by taking the normalized values of LF group as 1. The values are the means ± S.D. (n=3~6). The significance of differences among LF, HF and HO groups was analyzed by one way ANOVA and Duncan’s multiple range test. Values
第四章 結果
圖 4-13 C57BL/6J 小鼠餵食試驗飲食胰臟小島中胰島素生成相關基因表現 Fig. 4-13 The expression levels of genes participated in insulin biosynthesis in islets of C57BL/6J mice fed experimental diets. The fold induction was calculated by taking the normalized values of LF group as 1. The values are the means ± S.D. (n=4~10). The significance of differences among LF, HF and HO groups was analyzed by one way ANOVA and Duncan’s multiple range test. Values not sharing the same superscript letters are significantly different among groups (p<0.05).
第四章 結果
圖 4-14 C57BL/6J 小鼠餵食試驗飲食九週之胰臟小島總胰島素含量 Fig. 4-14 The total insulin content in islets of C57BL/6J mice fed
experimental diets for 9 weeks. The values are the means ± S.D. (n=3~6).
The significance of differences among LF, HF and HO groups was analyzed by one way ANOVA and Duncan’s multiple range test. Values not sharing the same superscript letters are significantly different from among groups (p<0.05).
第四章 結果
圖 4-15 體外添加維生素 E 對餵食試驗飲食小鼠之胰臟小島之 phase 1 葡 萄糖刺激胰島素分泌 (GSIS)
Fig. 4-15 The in vitro vitamin E supplementation effect on phase 1
glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) of islets from C57BL/6J mice fed experimental diets for 9weeks. The values are the means ± S.D. (n=4~7).
The islets from each animal were performed in triplicate. The fold induction was calculated by taking the values of without vitamin E supplementation as 1. The significance of differences between with and without vitamin E supplementation was analyzed by Student’s t test (*p<0.05).
第四章 結果
圖 4-16 C57BL/6J 小鼠餵食試驗飲食第七週進行口服葡萄糖耐受試驗 (OGTT) 之血糖曲線變化
Fig. 4-16 The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) performed on C57BL/6J mice fed experimental diets for 7 wk. The area under the curve for glucose (AUCglu) over 2 h is also shown.The values are the means ± S.D. (n=5).The significance of differences among HO, HF, HO+E and HF+E groups was analyzed by one way ANOVA and Duncan’s multiple range test. Values not sharing the same superscript letters at the same time point are significantly different among groups (p<0.05).
第四章 結果
圖 4-17 C57BL/6J 小鼠餵食試驗飲食第七週之禁食血清胰島素濃度 Fig. 4-17 The fasting serum insulin levels of C57BL/6J mice fed
experimental diets for 7 wk. The values are the means ± S.D. (n=5~7). The significance of differences among HO, HF, HO+E and HF+E groups was analyzed by one way ANOVA and Duncan’s multiple range test. Values not sharing the same superscript letters are significantly different among groups (p<0.05).
The significance of differences among LF, HF and HO groups was analyzed by one way ANOVA and Duncan’s multiple range test. Values not sharing the same superscript letters are significantly different among groups (p<0.05).
第四章 結果
圖 4-18 C57BL/6J 小鼠餵食試驗飲食九週胰臟小島之 phase 1 葡萄糖刺激 胰島素分泌 (GSIS).
Fig. 4-18 The phase 1 glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) of islets from C57BL/6J mice fed experimental diets for 9weeks. The values are the means ± S.D. (n=2~5). The islets from each animal were performed in triplicate. There is not any significant difference among HO, HF, HO+E and HF+E groups which were analyzed by one way ANOVA and Duncan’s multiple range test. Therefore, we use Student’s t test to analyze the
significant differences of others groups compare with HO group (*p<0.05).