ㄧ、本實驗由桃實百日青(Podocarpus nakaii Hayata) 的莖皮部，氯仿 層中共分得十四個化合物，其中包含二個二萜類化合物，分別為 lambertic acid (1) 和 4β-carboxy-17-hydroxy-19-nortotarol (2)；二 個 norditerpenes 類化合物，分別為 inumakilactones B (3)和 podolacton E (4) ；四個本環類化合物為 isovanillin (6)、
4-hydroxy-3- methoxycinnamaldehyde (7)、vanillin acid (8)、
4-ethoxy-3-hydroxy benzoic acid (9) ；二個固醇類化合物，分別 為 β-sitosterol (10) 和 β-stiosteryl glucoside (11) ；二個 chalcone 類化合物 4,4'-dihydroxychalcone (12)、podonakachalcone A (13)，
以及 vomifoliol (5)和一個苯丙基類化合物 14。其中化合物 13 為新化合物。
二、將離出的十四個化合物，做一系列細胞毒殺的結果，化合物1、
7、10、12、13 和 14 分別對於人類子宮頸癌細胞(Hela)、人類口 腔上皮癌(KB)、人類腸癌(WiDr)和人類胸線纖維母細胞瘤(Daoy) 有中度或微弱的細胞毒殺作用。化合物 3 和 4 對 KB、WiDr 和 Daoy 則有強烈的細胞毒殺作用，其中化合物 4 對 KB (0.07 μg/mL)
甚至優於用於臨床抗癌藥物Mitomycin C (0.10 μg/mL)的毒殺效 果。在過去的文獻中，對於 podolactone 這類骨架的化合物都針 對抑制植物生長和細胞毒殺(cytotoxic) 41,46,54的生物活性探討，其 中在抗癌的活性報告中這類化合物在碳上第七、八號位置和九、
和 chalcone 三類骨架各二個化合物，分別為化合物來做催化 DNA topoisomerase I 抑制試驗，經計算其抑制百分比發現化合物 2 與 化合物 12 能抑制 DNA topoisomerase I 的百分比分別為 28.43 % 和 30.45 %，雖然與臨床藥物 camptothecin 抑制百分比( 78.0 %) 有些許差距，但未來可針對這diterpenoid 和 chalcone 這二類的化 合物做化學修飾來進ㄧ步研究這方面 SAR 的結構探討。
四、在抗氧化清除 DPPH 方面發現化合物 1、2、5、12 和 14 在 200 μg/mL 有輕度到中度的清除效用，化合物 7、8、9 和 13 在 200 μg/mL 都可以達到 80%以上的清除能力。7、8 和 9 和 13 ED50 值分別為13.11、103.26、0.62 和 19.37 ug/ml，化合物 7 和 13 與抗氧化劑 Vitamin E 的效果相當。化合物 7、8 和 9 為酚類化合 物，因為帶有羥基(OH)和芳香環上雙鍵的共振，使其容易提供電 子，達到清除 DPPH 的效果。化合物 13 也為多酚類化合物，所 以對於清除 DPPH 也有顯著的效果。由於化合物 13 和 14 是首次 發現的化合物，而且對於 Daoy 癌細胞有中度的抑制活性，更對 於清除 DPPH，在濃度 200 μg/mL 時達 到 100％的清除能力。
其中化合物 9 雖然是已知化合物，但為首次在天然物中發現，在 濃度 200 μg/ml 可達到 95%的清除能力，在 ED50 方面 0.62 μg/ml，更優於 Vitamin E 的 12.15 μg/ml 近 20 倍， 與化合物 7 和 8 同為酚類化合物，而其清除效果卻優於其他文獻上的分類化 合物，其關鍵可能在於 ethoxy 的側鏈上，在未來可針對這方面 進ㄧ步的做探討。
當加藥後十二小時就有 apoptosis 現象產生，可以發現在十二或 二十四小時與 control 組有顯著差異，因而證實化合物 4 是使癌 細胞走向細胞凋亡這途徑。也確認如此強的細胞毒殺的化合物，
並不會使其周邊組織產生對個體不好的發炎反應，未來可以更進 ㄧ步探討其他抗癌作用機制，達到開發新的抗癌藥物的目的。
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