在本論文中,我們使用環型共振腔為雷射主體,搭配可調式濾波 器、次環腔濾波器以及我們所建構新型態的飽和吸收體濾波模組,比 較其不同單模雷射架構所輸出的結果。
我們發現,雖然使用次環腔濾波器在雷射低輸出功率時,SMSR 可以達到我們的要求(>50dB),但是當提高輸出功率時,SMSR 會逐 漸下降,輸出的模態也會越來越複雜,再加上次環腔濾波器對雷射極 化方向的敏感,使得輸出頻譜會有模態躍遷的現象,並不穩定。
當我們使用新型態的飽和吸收體濾波模組時,可以得到單模態
(SMSR>60dB)、窄頻寬(<<25kHz)、可調頻(1530nm~1570nm)的雷 射輸出,輸出功率可由 0.5~2.5mW(取決於激發光源的功率限制)。
其中我們的飽和吸收體濾波模組是使用原來雷射腔中分出來的雷射 光來使得摻鉺光纖飽和吸收體飽和吸收,加上使用極化控制器來控制 光干涉的效率,不像使用光柵作反射鏡之飽和吸收體濾波模組
【20~22】會有極化無法控制以及光柵受溫度影響的缺點,或者是使 用外加一台可調 CW 雷射來使得飽和吸收體飽和吸收【25】那樣麻煩。
實驗上,我們發現由於飽和吸收體中的主模是由雷射腔中各個模 態互相競爭而決定,所以雷射腔內光功率、極化方向、各種損耗以及
光頻率的穩定性對於輸出雷射的穩定與否有很大的關係。尤其是飽和 吸收體濾波模組會隨著環境震動、雷射腔內其他模組的頻率飄移、光 極化方向的改變以及激發光源的功率不穩而影響干涉駐波的形成,使 得單模輸出的雷射會在不同模態間相互跳躍(mode hopping),使我 們無法達到非常穩頻輸出的結果。所以在未來研究方向,希望一方面 除了能改善上述缺點外,另一方面能嘗試發展不同架構的單模光纖雷 射系統。
參考文獻
1.K.C. Harvey and C.J. Myatt ,“External-cavity diode laser using a
grazing-incidence diffraction grating”, Optics Letters, Volume 16,Issue 12, 910(1991)
2.G.A. Ball and W.W. Morey ,“Continuously tunable single-mode erbium fiber laser”, Optics Letters, Volume 17, Issue 6, 420-422(1992)
3.J.L Zyskind , V. Mizrahi , D.J. DiGiovanni and J.W. Sulhoff ,“Short single frequency erbium-doped fibre laser”, Electronics Letters, Volume 28, Issue 15, 1385(1992)
4.G.A. Ball and W.W. Morey ,“Compression tuned single frequency Bragg grating fiber laser”, Optics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 23, 1979(1994)
5.J.L. Zyskind , J.W. Sulhoff , Y. Sun , J. Stone , L.W. Stulz , G.T. Harvey , D.J. Digiovanni , H.M. Presby , A. Piccirilli , U. Koren and R.M.
Jopson ,“Singlemode diode-pumped tunable erbium-doped fibre laser with linewidth less than 5.5 kHz”, Electronics Letters, Volume 27, Issue 23, 2148
(1997)
6.C.V. Poulsen and M. Sejka ,“Highly optimized tunable Er3+-doped single longitudinal mode fiber ring laser, experiment and model”, Photonics Technology Letters, IEEE, Volume 5, Issue 6, 646(1993)
7.J.J. Pan and Shi Yuan ,“Tunable Er3+-doped fibre ring laser using fibre grating incorporated by optical circulator or fibre coupler”, Electronics Letters, Volume 31, Issue 14, 1164(1995)
8.M.J. Guy , J.R. Taylor and R. Kashyap ,“Single-frequency erbium fibre ring laser with intracavity phase-shifted fibre Bragg grating narrowband filter”, Electronics Letters, Volume 31, Issue 22, 1924(1995)
9.A. Gloag and N. Langford ,“Tunable, single frequency erbium fiber laser using an overlay bandpass filter”, Applied Physics Letters, Vol 66, Issue 24, 3263
(1995)
10.Chien-Chung Lee , Yung-Kuang Chen and Shien-Kuei Liaw ,
“Single-longitudinal-mode fiber laser with a passive multiple-ringcavity and its application for video transmission”, Optics Letters, Volume 23, Issue 5, 358-360(1998)
11.K.O. Hill et al , Applied Physics Letters, Vol 32, 647(1978)
12.G. Meltz , W.W. Morey and W.H. Glenn ,“Formation of Bragg gratings in optical fibers by a transverse holographic method”, Optics Letters, Volume 14, Issue 15, 823(1989)
13.E. Snitzer and R. Kashyap , Applied Physics Letters, Vol 6, 45(1965)
14.S.B. Poole , D.N. Payne and M.E. Fermann , Electronics Letters, Volume 21, 738(1985)
15.M.E. Fermann , D.C. Hanna , D.P. Shepherd , P.J. Suni and J.E. Townsend
“Efficient operation of an Yb-sensitised Er fibre laser at 1.56 μm”, Electronics Letters, Volume 24, Issue 18, 1135(1988)
16.P.B. Hansen , G. Raybon , U. Koren , B.I. Miller , M.G. Young , M. Chien , C.A. Burrus and R.C. Alferness ,“5.5-mm long InGaAsP monolithic extended-cavity laser with an integrated Bragg-reflector for active mode-locking”, Photonics Technology Letters, IEEE, Volume 4, Issue 3, 215(1992)
17.P.P Vasilev , V.N. Morozov , G.T. Pak , Y.U. Popov , M. Yu and A.B.
Sergeev ,“Measurement of the frequency shift of a picosecond pulse from a mode-locked injection laser”, Sov.J.Quantum Electron, Volume 15, 859(1992)
18.Zhang Jianluo , Yue Chao-Yu , G.W. Schinn , W.R.L. Clements and J.W.Y.
Lit ,“Stable single-mode compound-ring erbium-doped fiber laser”, Lightwave Technology, Journal of, Volume 14, Issue 1, 104(1996)
19.Kevin Hsu , Calvin M. Miller , J Thomas Kringlebotn and David N.
Payne ,“Continuous and discrete wavelength tuning in Er:Yb fiber Fabry-Perot Lasers”, Optics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 4, 377(1995)
20.Y. Cheng , J.T. Kringlebotn , W.H. Loh , R.I. Laming and D.N. Payne ,“Stable single-frequency traveling-wave fiber loop laser with integral
saturable-absorber-based tracking narrow-band filter”, Optics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 8, 875(1995)
21.Y.W. Song , S.A. Havstad , D. Starodubov , Y. Xie , A.E. Willner , J.
Feinberg ,“40-nm-wide tunable fiber ring laser with single-mode operation using a highly stretchable FBG”, Photonics Technology Letters, IEEE, Volume 13, Issue 11, 1167(2001)
22.S. Yamashita and K. Hsu ,“Single-frequency,single-polarization operation of tunable miniature erbiumytterbiumfiber FabryPerotlasers by use of
self-injection locking”, Optics Letters, Volume 23, Issue 15, 1200(1998)
23.Chen Hongxin , F. Babin , M. Leblanc and G.W. Schinn ,“Widely tunable single-frequency erbium-doped fiber lasers”, Photonics Technology Letters, IEEE, Volume 15, Issue 2, 185(2003)
24.J.T. Kringlebotn , J.L. Archambault , L. Reekie and D.N. Payne ,“Er3+:Yb3+
codoped fiber distributed-feedback laser”, Optics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 24, 2101(1994)
25.N. Kishi and T. Yazaki ,“Frequency control of a single-frequency fiber laser by cooperatively induced spatial-hole burning”, Photonics Technology Letters, IEEE, Volume 11, Issue 2, 182(1999)
26.H.A. Haus ,“Waves and Fields in optoelectronics”, page 65
27.J.P. von der Weid , R. Passy and N. Gisin ,“Mid-range coherent optical frequency domain reflectometry with a DFB laser diode coupled to an external cavity”, Lightwave Technology, Journal of, Volume 13, Issue 5, 954(1995)
28.Hanne Ludvigsen , Mika Tossavainen , Matti Kaivola ,“Laser linewidth measurements using self-homodyne detection with short delay”, Optics Communication, Volume 155, Issue 1-3, 180(1998)