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第六章、 結論
當大型災害發生時，往往造成傷亡慘重，若能把握於救災黃金 72 小時內救出受困民眾，
則可望挽回更多寶貴的生命，但災區的通訊網路基礎設施時常因災害而遭受嚴重的損 毀，無法正常運作。救災工作在缺乏通訊系統的支援下，因溝通協調的困難，大大提 高救援的困難度。 我們提出利用無線電將功能完整但無法對外進行正常連線的基地台 連 接 起 來 ， 建 構 一 個 臨 時 性 的 行 動 通 訊 網 路 ， 稱 為 應 急 蜂 巢 式 行 動 通 訊 網 路 (Contingency Cellular Network，CCN)，在災難發生時，因多數的基地台無法直接連上 後端網路，需透過多重跳接的方式連上。網路拓樸的規劃將決定整個網路的效能、救 災效益和穩定度。由於天然災害之發生常具有持續性與不可預測性，短時間內所建置 之 CCN 在餘震等持續性災害中亦可能受到損害而無法正常運作，若重新建置 CCN 勢 將浪費寶貴之黃金 72 小時，此外，CRP 的數量有限，如果在災難發生後，為建置 CCN 所投入之 CRP 因餘震受損，造成可供使用的 CRP 數量減少，則對於重新建置 CCN 而 言，可謂難上加難。而災區通常有需多區域需要較高程度的通話需求，如倒塌的大型 建物地區、前線救災指揮中心等關鍵區域，這些區域在災區中的通話需求遠高於其他 純粹因基地台斷訊而喪失通訊能力的輕度災區，若 CCN 在建置運轉後，卻無法確保 關鍵區域的通話正常，救援工作的順利與否將面臨重大挑戰。
本論文旨在改進我們先前的研究，進行多路徑網路拓樸規劃，供應急通訊系統使 用。因此我們提出能夠反映各基地台災情緊急程度，且適合於 CCN 多路徑拓樸規劃 的優化模型，除提升 CCN 建置運轉的可用度，並可達到極佳的救災效益，供使用者(救 災指揮單位)系統化的解決 CCN 多路徑拓樸設計問題。本模型及多路徑拓樸設計演算
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法可決定 CCN 的多路徑網路拓樸。
CCN 的多路徑網路拓樸問題類似為圖論中的 K-Maximum Spanning Tree 問題，我 們稱之為 Length Bounded Disjoint K-Path Max-Profit Mesh 問題，並證明它屬於 NP-Hard 問題，且提出有效之啟發式演算法，可在緊急時建立應急蜂巢式行動網路的多路徑網 路拓樸。本文以電腦模擬方式，進行實驗以驗證我們的模型正確可行，並評估多路徑 拓樸可提升之 CCN 可用度，實驗結果顯示多路徑時可明顯提升 CCN 可用度，且可依 需求採用對總救災效益的影響最小之多路徑數目。
本研究提出的模型尚有改善之空間，例如 CCN 的任一個節點到任一個連網台的 長度上限採動態式調整，以即時因應不同的頻寬需求、跨不同電信業者間的多路徑拓 樸結構等。此外，在建構 CCN 網路上，我們仍有許多議題需要克服與解決。在多路 徑拓樸設計完成後，必須依各方考量，為 CCN 網路制定允入控制政策、建立 Intranet 以及設計基地台與 CRP 設備的介接介面，以發揮 CCN 對救災之通訊協助工作，期搶 救更多寶貴生命。
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