本研究主要是利用漂流浮標資料以及三船聯合探測的方法，分析 台灣海峽及附近海域之流場特性，並針對過去文獻有待釐清的科學議 題做探討，獲得以下幾點結論。
有關四季表層水下 15 公尺的平均漂流流場方面，夏季台灣海峽 的表層水大部分是源自於南海陸棚上的水，此結果與 NRL EASNFS 模式模擬結果相同，模式也顯示夏季台灣海峽的表層水幾乎是源自於 南海陸棚。冬季台灣海峽北部水下 15 m 的表層漂流流速為南流，平 均流速約 0.3~0.4 m/s，此結果過去 Sb-ADCP 統計資料未曾呈現，
可能與 Sb-ADCP 的觀測受到天候因素限制影響，或是因為觀測水深
不同而有所差異(Sb-ADCP 觀測資料為水下 30 m)，期待未來台灣海
峽冬季有更多浮標資料強化這個新觀點。秋季海峽內流場主要是海峽
東側為北流，西側為南流，春季海峽內的浮標資料較少，只有少數的
北流。呂宋海峽的表層流速約為 0.5~0.8 m/s，春、夏、秋與冬季的
表層流的流向分別為北北西、北北東、北北西與西北向。夏季黑潮的
表層水沒有入侵南海，而是南海表層水匯入黑潮。除此之外，菲律賓
西邊有一股 0.5~0.7 m/s 的東北流穿越呂宋海峽後匯入黑潮，呂宋海
峽西方存在一個微弱的氣旋環流。
林(2006)指出在東北季風微弱或西南風時期，台灣海峽內存在兩 股北向的海流。當東北季風強勁的時候，整個海峽出現順風的南向海 流。因此本研究將浮標漂流軌跡類型依當時為西南風、強勁東北風與 微弱東北風分類，西南季風盛行時(6~8 月)，第一種類型浮標從南海 北上進入台灣海峽，並通過台灣海峽北上進入東海。第二種跟第三種 類型為東北季風強勁的時候，浮標軌跡從黑潮或東海出發進入東海陸 棚，然後南下進入台灣海峽，有些浮標會擱淺在台灣西海岸，有些浮 標會直接南下穿越台灣海峽進入南海。如果浮標軌跡從呂宋海峽出 發，北上進到台灣海峽，但最多只能北上至澎湖群島後就無法北上，
浮標將轉而向南或西南漂流進入南海，浮標在海峽內的月份為十月到 二月。第四種浮標軌跡類型發生在秋季九月至十一月，先是微弱東北 季風而後變成強勁東北季風，浮標從南海北上進到台灣海峽，但是沒 有繼續北上進入東海，而是反轉南下再回到南海。幾乎所有於台灣海 峽內反轉的浮標軌跡皆是由海峽東側北上，反轉發生時浮標會慢慢往 西漂流而後南下，此漂流軌跡於過去文獻中是極為罕見的觀測資料，
資料價值高。第五種浮標軌跡主要呈現台灣海峽北端東北季風微弱的 漂流軌跡與型態，此種漂流軌跡似乎正是冬季的台灣暖流(TWC)，
TWC 水下 15 公尺流速約 0.2~0.4 m/s，與 Zhu et al.(2004)觀測到的
0.3 m/s 流速相近。TWC 出現在冬季東北季風微弱時期，因此才會有
Zhu et al. (2004)所描述的斷斷續續出現等現象，當雙週強烈鋒面南 下時(Ko et al., 2004)，將形成水位西高東低的 trapped wave，TWC 應該就會消失，流速流量轉而朝南。
颱風下的海洋觀測是稀有而寶貴的資料，因此更多颱風的海洋觀 測資料取得變得相當重要，本研究夏季施放的浮標蒐集了數個颱風的 海洋觀測資料，包括流速與水溫資料，在接近珊珊颱風中心附近觀測 到的最大實測流速為 2.0 m/s，當時 QSCAT 衛星量測到的瞬間風速 約 37 m/s，其他在颱風周圍觀測到的最大漂流流速介於 1.1~1.7 m/s 之間，浮標當時海域的瞬間風速介於 15~18 m/s，大部份海流流向在 颱風風向右方 45 度，當颱風通過時，浮標觀測到的 SST 溫度降低約 2~4℃。利用馬祖氣象站的每小時平均風速與浮標流速資料分析，結 果顯示在沒有時間差(time lag = 0 hour)的平均風速變化平方與表層 流速變化的相關係數(R)最高，R=0.85，對於罕見的颱風期間觀測流 速而言，是相當不錯的結果，此迴歸線顯示馬祖氣象站每小時平均風 速增加 3 m/s (風速平方增加 9 m
2/s
2)，流標觀測流速約增加 0.52 m/s。
夏季黑潮入侵與颱風有關(Chern and Wang, 1990; Chuang anf
Liang, 1994)，本研究施放的浮標軌跡提供這個理論的新證據，2006
年 7 月 13 日碧利斯(Billis)颱風中心通過台灣北部陸地時，浮標也正
好位於台灣東北角，當時碧利斯颱風的風速在浮標海域約 20 m/s，
北北西風向，浮標流速約為 1.1 m/s，流向約在風向右方 45 度，此 時黑潮流域的水正快速入侵到東海陸棚。另外兩個入侵東海的浮標觀 測記錄是發生在 2006 年 8 月 9~11 日桑美颱風過境東海陸棚時，2006 年 8 月 9 日都是往向陸棚流動的，但是浮標所在海域距離颱風中心 較遠風速較弱，流速也約只有 0.5~0.6 m/s。颱風中心北方的黑潮水 才能快速入侵到東海陸棚，因此颱風的通過路徑直接影響著哪一海域 的水將入侵到東海陸棚，本研究有助更進一步呈現夏季因颱風造成黑 潮入侵東海陸棚的過程。
在澎湖水道測試與評估多種相位平均法的適用性，3, 4 和 5 相位 平均法適用於各種潮型的海域(F=0~3)，濾潮效果顯著，最佳觀測間 隔時間分別約在 8、6 與 5 小時左右，如果觀測測線過長，來不及在 最佳觀測時間進行觀測可以考慮使用次佳的觀測時間。2 相位平均法 除了以半日潮為主導的海域濾潮明顯外，其餘潮型海域並不適用。利 用三艘研究船 Sb-ADCP 在 2002 月 8 月、2003 月 9 月與 2004 年 3 月聯合監測台灣海峽流量顯示，三個航次觀測到的流量分別為 3.4、
3.6 和 2.8 Sv，此結果與 NRL EASNFS 模式估算台灣流量相互比對
落於合理的流量範圍。
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個人著作表
一、 期刊論文
Chang, Y.-C., Tseng, R.-S., and Liu C.-T., 2008, Evaluation of Tidal Removal Method Using Phase Average Technique from ADCP Surveys Along a Transect Across a Channel in the Taiwan Strait, Terrestrial, Atmospheric & Oceanic Sciences, in press.
(SCI)
Tseng, R.-S. Chang, Y.-C., and Chen Y.-C., Dependence of ADCP echo intensity associated with sediment suspension on wind, waves and currents in riverine and coastal waters, Manuscript in preparation.
Tseng, R.-S., C.-M. Yang, and Chang, Y.-C., Observations of Kuroshio flow structures and Lan-yu eddies east of Taiwan by using LADCP, Manuscript in preparation
Chang, Y.-C., Tseng R.-S., and Centurioni L. R., Typhoon-induced strong flows in the Taiwan Strait from drifter observations, Manuscript in preparation
二、 研討會論文
張育嘉,曾若玄, 2001, 高屏海底峽谷之流場觀測,
第 23 屆海洋工程研討 會論文集
,台南市, p. 171-178.施宏恩,曾若玄, 張育嘉, 2005, 小琉球島嶼尾流之流場觀測,
第 27 屆海洋 工程研討會論文集
,台中市, p. 342-346.張育嘉,曾若玄,陳先文,劉倬騰 2005, 濾潮方法之探討-以澎湖水道為例,
第 7 屆水下技術研討會論文集
,高雄市, p108-111.曾光明, 張育嘉, 曾若玄, 2007, 利用 Argos 浮標資料分析南海北部表面 流場之研究,