• 沒有找到結果。

將供試菌株 SPPD-11 及 SPPD-17 移植至 PDA 培養基,室溫培養 7 天後,以 滅菌過之打孔器 (孔徑 0.5 cm) 切取菌絲塊供試,並利用藥劑平板測試法測定供 試藥劑之抑菌效果。所使用6 種藥劑及種類如下:62.5% 賽普護汰寧水分散性粒 劑 (Cyprodinil + Fludioxonil,先正達股份有限公司)、23% 亞托敏水懸劑 (Azoxystrobin,先正達股份有限公司)、23.7% 依普同水懸劑 (Iprodione,雅飛有 限公司)、40% 腐絕可濕性粉劑 (Thiabendazole,富農化學工業股份有限公司)、

39.5% 扶吉胺水懸劑 (Fluazinam,台灣石原產業有限公司)及 34.5% 貝芬菲克利 可濕性粉劑 (Carbendazim + Hexaconazole,台益有限公司),配置成含有效成份 濃度為1 ppm、10 ppm、100 ppm 之 PDA 培養基,另以不添加藥劑之 PDA 培養 基作為對照,再將直徑0.5 cm 的菌絲塊,菌絲面朝下置入直徑 9 cm 之含藥的 PDA

培養基平板中央,置於25℃之定溫箱中黑暗培養,於培養後第 14 天測量其菌絲

生長直徑,每處理6 重複,本試驗重複進行 3 次。試驗結果按下列公式換算藥劑

對菌絲之生長抑制率。抑制率 (%) = (對照組生長直徑 - 藥劑處理組生長直徑/

對照組生長直徑) × 100%。結果如表二所示,於 1 ppm 有效成份藥劑濃度下,腐 絕及貝芬菲克利對 P. destruens SPPD-11 分離株菌絲生長抑制率皆為 100%;貝芬 菲克利對SPPD-17 菌株菌絲生長抑制率亦為 100%。若於 10 ppm 有效成份藥劑 濃度下,腐絕及貝芬菲克利對SPPD-11 及 SPPD-17 分離株菌絲生長抑制率皆為 100%,其次為扶吉胺,其對 SPPD-11 及 SPPD-17 菌絲生長之抑制率分別為 92.2%

及 89.5%,而依普同對 SPPD-11 及 SPPD-17 菌絲生長效果差,其抑制率分別只 為22.9% 及 47.7%。若於 100 ppm 之有效成份濃度下,則腐絕、扶吉胺及貝芬 菲克利對SPPD-11 及 SPPD-17 菌株之菌絲皆可達到 100% 的菌絲生長抑制率,

而賽普護汰寧次之,對SPPD-11 及 SPPD-17 菌株菌絲生長分別有 88.3%及 86.8%

之生長抑制率。

90

由 Phomopsis destruens 引起之甘藷基腐病為近年來嚴重影響國內甘藷生產 之重要限制因子,當甘藷基腐病發生時,會影響植株地下部之甘藷塊根生長處,

藷之推薦藥劑,擬再進行實際藥效評估後,未來可作為農政單位推薦防治用藥之 參考。

綜合本研究結果顯示本病害之防治策略為 1.選用認證之健康種苗,而不可在

已發病田進行採苗或留種。2.田間栽培時期及採收前若發現發病植株應整株含地

下部進行清除,並移出田間,以減少田間感染源。3. 於可進行人工灌溉之發病

田區應於採收後與水稻進行輪作或至少淹水處理 14 天以上,以降低田間感染源

密度。

本研究承嘉義農業試驗分所農藝系羅淑芳博士提供甘藷不同品種之健康種 苗、賴永昌主任協助英文之修正;研究工作承賴素玉小姐、王晉鍾先生及林江美 華女士協助試驗進行,特此致謝。

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Occurrence, Pathogen Characterization and

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