本研究補充後在跑步成績上有顯著正面影響，在運動自覺量表上並無顯著影 響(第一天 5,000m: AA 測試 16.9±2.06、PL 測試 17.8±1.25；第二天 10,000m: AA 測試 17.3±1.65、PL 測試 18.3±1.18)。先前文獻中，有些研究顯示補充 BCAA 能 就顯著降低運動自覺量表測量之疲勞感 (Greer,et al., 2011)，並增加運動後之認知 表現(Blomstrand, Andersson, Hassmen, Ekblom,& Newsholme, 1995)。Blomstrand 等 (1991) 對於馬拉松比賽前給予選手 16 g BCAA，其結果顯示補充 BCAA 對於 速度較慢(3.05h~3.30h)的馬松選手能增進運動表現及 30 公里長距離越野賽選手 於賽前補充 7.5g BCAA，結果顯示能改善選手之認知表現。Blomstrand 等 (1997) 針對 7 名自行車選手進行 60 分鐘 70% VO2max 之腳踏車運動，隨後增加至最大 強度運動到衰竭，並於運動期間每 15 分鐘補充 150~200 ml (7g/L) BCAA 溶液(總 攝取量約 90 mg/kg BCAA)，能減少運動自覺量表。然而，本研究所使用之運動 自覺量表屬於極簡易的問卷，受測者須立即且快速回答其運動衣結束時的狀態，
或許因此未得到顯著差異之結果。Cheuvront 等人 (2004) 使用心理狀態及認知 行為之問卷，其結果同樣顯示補充 BCAA 後並無正面影響。但本實驗選手在兩 次試驗中，有相同的自覺量表得分之下，補充 AA 後連續兩天皆能有較佳的運動 表現。
第陸章 結論與建議
第一節 結論
本研究以優秀中長跑專長項目之男性及女性選手為研究對象，於標準田徑場 地進行模擬 5,000 公尺及 10,000 公尺正式徑賽，運動測試前一小時給予 0.17 g/kg BCAA、 0.05 g/kg 精氨酸以及 0.05 g/kg 瓜氨酸補充劑，結果發現:
一、 受過訓練之中長跑選手，補充 BCAA、Arg 與 Cit 對於連續二天實際於標 準田徑運動場 5,000 公尺與 10,000 公尺模擬跑步比賽顯著減少測驗時間，
運動表現成績達顯著正面影響。
二、 受過訓練之中長跑選手，於運動前補充 BCAA、Arg 與 Cit 對於 5,000 公 尺與 10,000 公尺實際於運動場上模擬跑步比賽所誘發之中樞疲勞，能有 效改善疲勞指標血漿中 Trp/BCAA 的比值，但無法有效降低運動自覺強度 (rating of perceived exertion, RPE)。
三、 受過訓練之中長跑選手，於運動前補充 BCAA、Arg 與 Cit 對於 5,000 公 尺與 10,000 公尺實際於運動場上模擬跑步比賽，補充 AA 之血液生化分析 指標與 Placebo 相比: 血漿中 BCAA 濃度顯著上升、Tryptophan 濃度顯著 下降、尿素顯著上升，而血漿中血氨、氮氧化物、葡萄糖、甘油、非酯化 脂肪酸和乳酸則未達顯著影響。
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第二節 建議
一、 本研究測驗內容為模擬正式比賽情形，由於中距離及長距離跑步運動除
了需要良好生理狀態以外，有利的外在刺激或獎勵之動機與心態調適更是選 手達到更佳成績的必要條件。建議於實際模擬比賽情形時，可給予更大的獎 勵提升受測者動機，使選手能在兩測驗中盡最大努力完成測驗，以控制最精 準之比賽品質。
二、 本研究結果中顯示，補充 BCAA、Arg 及 Cit 能有效降低 Trp/BCAA 比 值，達到降低中疲勞之效果，並能提升尿素循環。建議未來針對不同專長項 目進行研究，期許此補充劑能協助更多運動員獲得更佳的成績。
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附錄一 受試者同意書
國立臺灣體育運動大學受試者同意書
試驗主題：支鏈氨基酸、精氨酸與瓜氨酸的增補對長距離跑步運動後中樞疲勞 與運動表現之影響
執行單位：國立臺灣體育運動大學
運動科學研究中心 電話：04-22213108 轉 2210
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試驗主持人：張振崗 職稱：教授兼運動科學研究中心主任 研究人員：黃玉芳、陳一凡、王怡文、
廖偉盛 職稱：研究助理、學生
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國立臺灣體育運動大學受試者同意書
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