Consider the case where migrant is used as a reference group, wage differential can be expressed as
INC!− INC!
= (e!!′!!− e!!′!!)
= e!!′!!(e(!!′!!!!!′!!)!(!!′!!!!!′!!)− 1)
= INC!(e(!!′!!!!!′!!)!(!!′!!!!!′!!)− 1), which can be alternatively expressed as (INC!− INC!)/INC!= e!!′(!!!!!)e(!!′!!!′)!!− 1.
This equation describes wage differential between urban and migrant workers as a deviation from the average wage level of migrant workers, INC!. We treat X!′− X!′ , β!− β! and (X!′β!− X!′β!) + (X!′β!− X!′β!) as three sources of the deviation so we decompose the deviation as three parts influenced by the three factors. We give each part an equal weight so e!!′(!!!!!)e(!!′!!!′)!! can be expressed as a summand of
(i) e!!′(!!!!!)e(!!′!!!′)!! where X!′ = X!′ , β! ≠ β! and (X!′β!− X!′β!) + (X!′β!− X!′β!) ≠ 0,
(ii) e!!′(!!!!!)e(!!′!!!′)!! where X!′ ≠ X!′ , β! = β! and (X!′β!− X!′β!) + (X!′β!− X!′β!) ≠ 0, and
(iii) e!!′(!!!!!)e(!!′!!!′)!! where X!′ ≠ X!′ , β! ≠ β! and (X!′β!− X!′β!) + (X!′β!− X!′β!) = 0.
Thus, (INC!− INC!)/INC! = [e!!′(!!!!!)e !!′!!!′ !!|!!′ !!!′+
e!!′(!!!!!)e(!!′!!!′)!!|!!!!! + e!!′(!!!!!)e(!!′!!!′)!!|!!′ (!!!!!)!!(!!′!!!′)!!)]/
3 − 1 ∝ e!!′(!!!!!)+ e(!!′!!!′)!!.
科技部補助專題研究計畫項下出席國際學術會議心得報告
日期：2015 6 月 7 日
一、 加會議經過
This 1st Annual International Conference on Social Sciences held in the historical and economically thriving city also the end of ancient Silk Road, Istanbul, Turkey. This conference was organized by Yuldiz Technical University found in 1911 and one of the leading university with a history over one hundred years old in Turkey. This conference aims to bring together researchers, scientists, scholars and students to exchange and share their experiences, new ideas, and research results about economics (economic theory, economic analysis, macroeconomics and money, microeconomics, economic psychology, econometrics, international economics, public finance, economic growth and development, social economics), business and administrative studies (management, marketing, finance and accounting, international business, supply chain and logistics management) within the global and interdisciplinary scope, and discuss the practical challenges encountered and the solutions proposed. This three-day conference was well organized by the host university with many sessions across different areas of economic studies. In addition to the ordinary sessions, the
計畫編號 MOST 103-2410-H-004 -015 -
計畫名稱 中國農民工遷移、就業選擇與區隔及與城市勞工薪資差異之研究
出國人員姓
名 莊奕琦 服務機構及職稱 政治大學經濟學系
教授
會議時間 104 5月21日至104
5月23日 會議地點 Istanbul, Turkey
會議名稱
(中文) 第1屆社會科學國際年會
(英文) 1st Annual International Conference on Social Sciences (AICSS)
發表 文題
目 (中文) 決定中國農民工與城市居民薪資的差異原因探討
(英文) Behind the Invisible Wall: What Determines Wage Differentials between Urban and Migrant Workers in China
Professor Erdener Kaynak, School of Business Administration at the Pennsylvania State University shed important light on the recent development of the trend of globalization and regional development and its implications for the 21st century. His predictions are as fellows.
Changing technologies and rapid innovations will prevail. Technological connectivity is transforming the way people live and interact. The unprecedented aging of population across the developed world will call for new level of efficiency and creativity from the public sector.
The collapse of central planned economies in Eastern/central Europe has created a paradigm shift in global development, business, and investment. Europe as single market and South-East Asia is a growth market as an economic force to reckon with. This keynote speech gave us the comprehensive view on the future global trends and world development and its effects on regionalism. Except NAFTA, Europe and Asia are going to be two important regions for the growth of world economy. His predictions in some parts are consistent with my observations, however, he did not make a prediction on the rise of China and the recent initiative of “One Belt, One Road” development strategy through traditional land and maritime silk roads by Chairman Xi of PRC, which I believe will generate profound effect on Asia and Europe in long-term perspective. In order to enhance the relationship among all participants, this conference offered a Gala Dinner in a resort restaurant located in the traditional historical place, Cemile Sultan Korusu. People are able to relax, discuss, and share research results with each other before and during the dinner. Each of the three plenary sessions was designed and conducted in small size so that it enables participants to have closer discussion and focus on the presented papers. Overall, although this is a first year annual conference but I think it is a very well-organized and successful international conference and participants can have more time to share views on their opinions.
二、與會心得
Being a Taiwan scholar, I found this multidisciplinary international conference a wonderful opportunity for me to attend, to interchange, and to share the academic ideas, the expertise, and experience with distinguished scholars from different disciplines and countries. I presented a paper on “Behind the Invisible Wall: What Determines Wage Differentials between Urban and Migrant Workers in China” at the session of Labor Issues. My paper intends to identify the sources of the wage differentials between migrant workers and urban workers in China. Using a wider scope of city data from a 2008 survey of Rural-Urban Migration in China, our work employs a comprehensive aspect of explanatory variables to empirically estimate wage determination and decomposes the wage differentials between urban and migrant workers in the Chinese labor market. We find that personal traits, geography, cohort, firm characteristics, and industry type
personal traits are the crucial factor for wage differentials; moreover, compared to urban workers the education resource-poor migrants have higher rates of return on most human capital variables.
The significant cohort effect reflects better job opportunity and labor quality of new generations of migrants. Policy implications to close the wage gap are also provided. My paper had received numerous constructive suggestions and comments from the discussant and also generated many positive replies from the participants. I had learned a lot and made friends from attending this conference. Every time during the coffee break or lunch, I always take the opportunity to get acquainted with new friends and scholars and may also discuss with many conference speaker who either presented an interesting paper or raised a challenging question that deserve further investigation. My personal believe is that by attending the international conference I can hear many good ideas and opinions from scholars and policy makers and at the meantime share my experience with them. At least, let them know I am from Taiwan and like to talk any topic related to Asian regional development. It always turned out to be a very unique and valuable personal experience for me, I had benefited from research results of many participating scholars and their professional experience sharpen my understanding in many dimensions related to academic research agenda setting and articulation. The more I attend an international conference, the more I feel confident to present my idea, discuss with other scholars, and make the adequate response to questions. Therefore, I highly recommend our researchers to participate international conference like this to gain the most up-to-date information and knowledge from scholars all over the world.
三、考察 觀活動(無是項活動者 ) 四、建議
I strongly recommend domestic scholars to actively participate in international conference or interdisciplinary conference such as AICSS to learn more multicultural experience and at the mean time to enhance Taiwan’s visibility on the international academic arena. To organize a panel for certain research topic and even better to form a research team to present at the international conference should be considered as an effective way for internationalization of Taiwan’s higher education.
五、攜回資料名稱及內容
Conference agenda and proceedings.
六、其他