In this thesis, we have presented the architectural design, access control and hardware implementation of our experimental optical packet-switched metro WDM slotted-ring network, HOPSMAN. We proposed a novel medium access control which is called PQOC, and the MAC is then further enhanced with QoS assurance, called PQOC/QA. In addition to ordinary nodes (O-nodes), HOPSMAN encompasses a few server nodes (S-nodes) that are equipped with optical slot erasers, resulting in a significant increase in system throughput. Essentially, the MAC scheme employs a novel probabilistic-quota-based method to achieve fair and efficient bandwidth allocation. Given the number of S-nodes and destination-traffic distribution, we derived a closed-form formula for the determination of the probabilistic quota. The MAC scheme also uses a window-constrained credit-based approach to facilitate versatile allocation of the remaining bandwidth under highly-bursty and fluctuating traffic environments. Simulation results delineated that HOPSMAN achieves 100%
throughput when there are only two S-nodes in the network. Furthermore, HOPSMAN with the MAC scheme was shown to achieve highly efficient and fair bandwidth allocation under various traffic loads and burstiness. HOPSMAN was justified robust and fair when under attack by malevolent nodes. Finally, the HOPSMAN testbed system uses FWM-based fast tunable filters/receivers and optical slot erasers that enable nanosecond-order optical packet switching operations. With flexible optical devices and an efficient MAC scheme (PQOC), HOPSMAN was shown, by means of a feasibility test, capable of achieving guaranteed delay-throughput performance particularly for bandwidth-hungry and delay/jitter- sensitive applications.
Furthermore, we propose the MAC scheme, PQOC/QA, which not only inherits
the original basic design of PQOC, but also integrate with QoS support on HOPSMAN. To support QoS and to resolve the intrinsic access problem in WDM network, PQOC/QA adopts slot-basis reservation through a simple and flexible marking mechanism, thus achieving high statistical multiplexing gain for real-time traffic. By employing constant mean rate reservation on each cycle of the ring and along with a simple but effective CAC function, which admits real-time connections bounding under a predefined quota ratio, the scheme can efficiently accommodate VBR traffic fluctuation. If the value of the quota ratio is set reasonably, the probability of the fluctuated VBR traffic fails to transfer due to expired quota is significantly small, thereby achieving exceedingly low VBR delay and jitter.
Additionally, we develop a novel approximation to acquire the accurate results of the expected connection setup delay by means of an M/G/m queueing analysis. In the analysis, the maximum admissible quota of real-time traffic is regarded as the number of servers and the service time has a duration that follows an exponential form with an added constant. Unlike most of the proposed approximation only maintained a less than 10% relative error for certain properties of service distributions, our main contribution is to yet accurate expected waiting time for a multi-server queueing system with the specific service time in our system. Extensive simulation results show that the mean setup queueing time is in profound agreement with the analytic result, and that PQOC/QA achieves remarkable real-time traffic performance while still retaining maximal aggregate system throughput.
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Vita
I-Fen Chao received B.S. and M.S. degrees in computer and information engineering from National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan, in 1992 and 1994, respectively. From 1995 to 1998 she was at CCL/ITRI, working on personal communications systems. From 1998 to 2003 she was with Faraday Technology Corporation, Hsinchu Science Park, Taiwan, as a technical manager working on an embedded OS/system. In 2003, she joined Computer and Information Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, where she is currently pursuing A Ph.D. degree. Her current research interests include high-speed networking, optical networking, and performance modeling and analysis.
住址: 新竹市東區大學路 68 號 4F-2