This study suggests that topography may modulate the phenotypes of macrophages and foam
cell in the context of foreign body reaction. The response to topography in the form of
nanodot arrays in the range of 10-nm to 200-nm has revealed a distinctive pattern, and
topography indeed affects cell morphology, density, cytokine, and adhesion compared to flat
controls. The changes in cell morphology were observed in five different sizes of nanodot
arrarys, indicating that the findings in this study are topography-mediated. We found that
macrophage and foam cell in the range of 10-nm to 50-nm are insensitive and did not play
their innate role to stretch their arm. And cell on 100-nm and 200-nm, it could be apparently
observed that their stretch their arm and in order to engulf particles. By using
topography-induced change in macrophage and foam behavior provided an opportunity to
influence its phenotypic response such as cell activation, motility, and maturation in the
foreign body response. The role of topography in modulating implant tissue reaction would
require further elucidation; this study suggests that it is a fruitful direction that might impact
biomaterials design.
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