陸、分類處理
1. Hedyotis biflora (L.) Lam
1a. Hedyotis biflora (L.) Lam. var. biflora, Tabl. Encycl. 1: 272. 1792; Liu and Yang in T. C. Huang et al., Fl. Taiwan 2nd ed. 4: 265. 1998. p. p.; Ko in H. S. Lo et al., Fl.
Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 71: 77. 1999. p. p.
雙花耳草(圖 18)
Oldenlandia biflora L., Sp. Pl. 118. 1753.—TYPE: India (Lectotype: Herb.
Hermann 3: 19, No. 68 photo!)
Hedyotis racemosa auct. non Lam.: Chao in H. L. Li et al., Fl. Taiwan 4: 278.
1978.
Glabrous annual decumbent to repent herbs, often branched from base; branches 4-angled, slightly succulent or succulent. Leaves opposite, slightly fleshy, sessile or subsessile, lanceolate, oblong to elliptic, 10-30(-40) mm long, 5-20 mm wide, apex acute to acuminate, base obtuse to truncate, 1-nerved; stipules triangular, apex slightly splited. Cymes terminal, less axillary, 1-3 flowered in loose clusters; peduncles
10-20(-30) mm long, pedicels 4-11 mm long. Flowers homostylous; calyx lobes 4 or 5, deltoid, ca. 1 mm long; corolla 4 or 5-merous, white, slightly urceolate, ca. 3 mm long, glabrous outside, white pilose on throat inside. Stamens 4 or 5; anthers elliptic,
purplish, included, ca. 0.5 mm long ; filaments attached corolla base, ca. 0.5 mm long.
Stigma lip cleft, narrow ovate, the surface papilate, ca. 1 mm long; style glabrous, ca.
0.5 mm long, much shorter than calyx. Mature capsule 3.5-4.5 mm long, 3-4 mm wide, compressed, cordate, about 4/5 inferior, thin-walled, glabrous, apex emarginate. Seeds many, ventral view 0.4-0.5 mm long, 0.3-0.4 mm wide, black, shell-shaped, raphe 0.3-0.4 mm high, apex obtuse, testa reticulate, areoles more circuitous.
Tropical Asia, along seacoast. Taiwan, in southern part of the island, in fields along seacoast.
Specimens examined:
PINGTUNG: Shoryukyu, Oct. 31, 1982, T. C. Huang 9034 (TAI); same loc., Feb. 13, 1987, Y. Yang 3237 (TAI, TNM); same loc., alt. 20 m, Apri. 15-16, 1988, T. Y.
Yang 3987 (TNM); same loc., alt. 1-50 m, May 26, 2007, C. H. Chen 08166
(TNM); same loc., alt. 0-80 m, Marcg 17, 2007, P. F. Lu s.n. (HAST);
Nanjenwan, alt. 0-20 m, May 12, 1989, S. F. Huang 4461 (TAI); Maopitou, alt.
50 m, May 12, 1989, S. F. Huang 4457 (TAI); same loc., alt. 50 m, May 12, 1989, S. F. Huang 4459 (TAI); Longkeng seashore, alt. 3 m, Oct. 29, 1988, S. M. Chaw 827 (HAST, TNM); Jiupeng, Sep. 23, 2009, S. W. Huang 875 (TNU).
TAITUNG: Lanyu, alt. 10-200 m, Aug. 26, 1968, C. C. Hsu 4803 (TAI); same loc., Aug. 26, 1969, T. C. Huang 5061 (TAI); same loc., Dec. 04, 1996, T. Y. A. Yang
其餘則為 O. paniculata (= H. biflora var. paniculata)；到 1998 年，Liu 將其學名變 更為 H. biflora，且以廣義種的概念將 Flora of Taiwan (Chao, 1978)的 H. paniculata 併入，本研究認為以果實形態可有效將兩者區分，且認為可由 H. biflora 再分出 一變種 H. biflora var. paniculata(如表？)。
H. biflora 主要分佈於台灣南部本島及外島，近海岸邊之沙質土壤，有時在 海岸林下或近海路邊也可看見，生長初期形態非常類似 H. biflora var.
paniculata，後期莖大量分枝，且匍匐生長，莖節處開始長不定根，與 H. biflora var.
paniculata 莖散生為主，莖節處無不定根有別。此外，H. biflora 的葉片、花朵及 種子明顯比 H. biflora var. paniculata 大，且 H. biflora var. paniculata 生育地通常 不靠海與 H. biflora 有別。
圖 18. Hedyotis biflora (L.) Lam. var. biflora 雙花耳草
1. habit; 2. stem; 3. leaves; 4. stipule; 5. flower; 6. corolla inside; 7. flower with corolla removed; 8. capsule; 9. capsule dehiscence.
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3 4
5
6
7
9 8
1b. Hedyotis biflora (L.) Lam. var. paniculata (L.) S. W. Huang, comb. nov.
擬雙花耳草(圖 19)
Oldenlandia paniculata L., Sp. Pl. 1667. 1754; Matsum. & Hayata, J. Coll. Sci.
Univ. Tokyo 22: 186. 1906 (Enum. Pl. Form.).—TYPE: India (Lectotype:
Herb. Linn. No. 155.10 photo!)
Hedyotis racemosa Lam., Tabl. Encycl. 3: 80. 1789.
Hedyotis biflora auct. non (L.) Lam.: Liu and Yang, Fl. Taiwan 2nd ed. 4: 265.
1998. p. p.; Ko in H. S. Lo et al., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 71: 77. 1999. p.
p.
Glabrous annual ascending to decumbent herbs to 30 cm tall, often branched from base; branches 4-6-angled, slightly succulent. Leaves opposite, slightly
chartaceous, sessile or subsessile, lanceolate, ovate, oblong to elliptic, 5-11 mm long, 3-6 mm wide, apex acute to acuminate, base obtuse, 1-nerved; stipules triangular, apex slightly splited. Cymes terminal, few-flowered in loose clusters; peduncles 7-13 mm long, pedicels 4-7 mm long. Flowers homostylous; calyx lobes 4 or 5, deltoid, ca.
1 mm long; corolla 4 or 5-merous, white, slightly urceolate, ca. 3 mm long, glabrous outside, white pilose on throat inside. Stamens 4 or 5; anthers elliptic, purplish, included, ca. 0.5 mm long; filaments attached corolla base, ca. 1 mm long. Stigma lip cleft, narrow ovate, the surface papilate, ca. 1 mm long; style glabrous, ca. 0.5 mm long, much shorter than calyx. Mature capsule 3-4 mm long, 2-3 mm wide,
compressed, cordate, about 4/5 inferior, thin-walled, glabrous, apex emarginate. Seeds many, ventral view 0.3-0.4 mm long, 0.2-0.3 mm wide, black, shell-shaped, raphe 0.25-0.3 mm high, apex obtuse, testa reticulate, areoles more circuitous.
Tropical Asia. Taiwan, in central and southern part of the island, in fields or wetland at low altitudes.
Specimens examined:
TAINAN: Hsikang Hsiang, alt. 15 m, Oct. 14, 1987, H. F. Yen 1763 (TNM, HAST);
Jiali, Sep. 24, 1942, Mori s.n. (TAI); Madou, Sep. 15, 2009, S. W. Hunag 887
(TNU).
KAOHSIUNG: Tienliao, May 24, 2001, T. Y. A. Yang 13682 (TNM, HAST); same loc., May 24, 2001, T. Y. A. Yang 3595 (TNM); same loc., alt. 100 m, Jan. 31, 2002, T. Y. A. Yang 3811 (TNM); Takanshan, Mar. 8, 1987, M. T. Kao 10447 (TAI); Gangshan, Aug. 2, s.n. (TAI); Liukuei Hsiang, alt. 100 m, Oct. 10, 1987, H. F. Yen 01744 (TNM).
PINGTUNG: Neiliao, Oct. 27, 1988, S. M. Chaw 784 (TNM, HAST); Keting Park, alt. 300 m, Sep. 25, 1994, C. M. Wang 01225 (TNM, HAST, TNM); Chingwash, Oct. 10, 1982, F. H. Fan s.n. (TAIF); Tzu-she, May 12, 1982, M. T. Kao 9716 (TAI); Wugoushui, Feb. 29, 1996, S. Z. Yang 28397 (PPI, TNM).
林奈於 1754 年發表 Oldenlandia paniculata L.，而 1789 年 Lamark 發表 Hedyotis racemosa，兩者為同物異名，同年 Lamark 也發表 H. paniculata Lam.，
雖種小名相同，但與 O. paniculata L.非相同類群，依據原始文獻描述，後者為多 花密集聚繖花序腋生，與前者少花鬆散聚繖花序頂生有別，但後來的學者都誤解 將兩分類群視為同種 (Chao,1978; Liu and Yang, 1998; Ko, 1999)。之後，1938 年 Merrill 依據林奈之描述於林奈標本中選出 O. paniculata L.之選模式。
在臺灣 O. paniculata L.首次由 Henry 於 1896 年記錄，之後 Matsumura (1906) 及 Hayata (1912)等日本學者相繼沿用，但以上四位學者僅記錄學名，並無形態描 述及存證標本，所以是否為 O. paniculata L.，也無從查證。1978 年 Chao 直接將 O. paniculata L.當作 H. paniculata Lam.的同物異名，但依其描述及引證標本，
Chao 所指的 H. paniculata，其實是指另一分類群(H. ellipticarpus)。
本研究認為 O. paniculata 確實存在於臺灣，其形態與 H. biflora 相近，將之 處理成 H. biflora 的變種，學名為 H. biflora var. paniculata，中文稱為「擬雙花耳 草」。Flora of Taiwan 第二版中的 H. biflora，部分引證標本符合本分類群特徵。
圖 19. Hedyotis biflora (L.) Lam. var. paniculata S. W. Huang 擬雙花耳草 1. habit; 2. stem; 3. leaves; 4. stipule; 5. flower; 6. corolla inside; 7. flower with corolla removed; 8. capsule; 9. capsule dehiscence.
1 2
3 4
5
6
7
8 9
2. H. beitoensis S. W. Huang, sp. nov.
北投耳草(圖)
Perennial erect to ascending undershrubs; branches 4-angled, hirsute on surface.
Leaves opposite, chartaceous, sessile or subsessile, elliptical to lanceolate, 31-52 mm long, 11-23 mm wide, apex cuspidate, acute to acuminate, base truncate, obtuse to cuneate, pinnate nerved; upper surfaces hirtellous, lower surface densely hirtellous mainly on vein, the margin with hair; pinnate nerved; stipules triangular, sheath, the margin the margin shallowly splited, the margin and srufrace hirtellous. Cymes terminal and axillary, 3-5 flowers in dense globose heads, sessile; flowers heterostylous, calyx white, lobes 4(5), deltoid, ca.2 mm long, hirsute on surface;
corolla 4(5) -merous, pale purple, tubular, ca. 5-6 mm long; glabrous outside, with a belt of hairs inside. Stamens 4(5); anthers oblong, white or pale yellow. Stigma shallow cleft, glandular-pubescent on surface.
Taiwan, mainly in Beitou.
Specimens examined:
TAIPEI: Mt. Miantianshan, Oct. 17, 1939, Masamune 2687 (TAI); Mt. Caoshan, Oct.
28, 1932, Mori s.n. (TAI); Mt. Datunshan, Aug. 26, 1928, S. Susuki s.n. (TAI);
Mt. Shamaoshan, Sep. 3, 1933, s. coll. (TAI).
H. beitoensis 主要侷限分佈於台灣台北北投附近，故以「北投」做為種小名；
觀察各大標本館之標本，其實 H. beitoensis 在日據時期就有採集標本，但都誤認 為 H. uncinella，因兩者植株形態類似，但花序大小及花部形態差異甚大，H.
beitoensis 花序直徑大於 1.5 公分，花萼白色，花冠淺紫色筒狀，H. uncinella 花 序直徑小於 1 公分，花萼綠色，花冠白色漏斗狀；本研究於中國大陸網站上，看 到 H. beitoensis 之生態照，但誤認為 H. uncinella，且無標示拍攝地點，參考中國 植物誌也無符合 H. beitoensis 形態的物種名，可確認此形態物種首次於台灣發 表，但是否為台灣特有物種，有待日後查證。本研究只於冷水坑附近採集到 H.
beitoensis 活體，只收集到花部構造資料，預計晚一個月，收集成熟果實與種子，
但原採集地已遭受破壞，植株體已消失；依據標本採集地點前往都未尋獲，此物 種之族群數量可能相當稀少。
3. Hedyotis brachypoda (DC.) Sivar. & Biju, Taxon 39: 665. 1990.
擬定經草(圖 20)
Oldenlandia brachypoda DC., Prodr. 4: 424. 1830.
Oldenlandia corymbosa L. var. uniflora (Benth.) Masamune, Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc.
Form. 28: 115. 1938.
Oldenlandia diffusa auct. non Willd.: Roxb., Fl. Ind. 1: 444. 1820; Hayata, Icon.
Pl. Form. 9: 54. 1920.
Hedyotis diffusa auct. non Willd.: Chao in H. L. Li et al., Fl. Taiwan 4: 272. 1978;
Liu and Yang in T. C. Huang et al., Fl. Taiwan 2nd ed. 4: 267. 1998; Ko in H.
S. Lo et al., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin.71: 75. 1999.
Annual erect to ascending herbs, often branched from base; branches 4-angled, pubescent on angles. Leaves opposite, slightly chartaceous, sessile or subsessile, linear to linear-lanceolate, 13-27 mm long, 0.5-3 mm wide, apex acute to acuminate, base cuneate; upper surfaces slightly hirtellous, lower surface glabrous, the margin revolute with fine serrulate, 1-nerved; stipules triangular, margin irregularly splited, the srufrace glabrous. Flowers solitary axillary, 1-4 flowers at the same node; pedicels 2-10 mm long. Flowers homostylous, calyx lobes 4, deltoid, ca. 2 mm long; corolla 4-merous, white, apex pale purple, tubular, ca. 4 mm long; glabrous outside and inside.
Stamens 4; anthers elliptic or oblong, pale yellow, exserted, ca. 0.5 mm long ;
filaments attached near corolla lobes base, ca. 0.5 mm long. Stigma shallow cleft, the surface tomentose, ca. 0.5 mm long; style glabrous, ca. 3 mm long, much longer than calyx. Mature capsule 3.3-4.0 mm long, 2.9-3.2 mm wide, compressed, obovate, entirely inferior, thin-walled, glabrous, apex little raised. Seeds many, ventral view 0.31-0.38 mm long, 0.20-0.26 mm wide, brown, mountain-shaped; raphe 0.17-0.20 mm high, apex obtuse; testa reticulate; areoles not or slightly circuitous, the surface sinking.
Indian, Sri Lanka, China, Philippines, Malesia, Indonesia, Japan. Taiwan, in wet land or field at low altitudes, very common.
Specimens examined:
KEELUNG: Nuandongxiagu, Sep. 15, 1994, Lin 128 (TNM); Hsingshan Dam., alt.
100 m, Sep. 13, 1987, S. F. Huang 3783 (TAI); Fulung, alt. 20-30 m, Dec. 23, 2004, J. Y. Huang 203 (TAI).
TAIPEI: Taipei Botanical Garden, alt. 10 m, Aug. 10, 1996, S. C. Wu 1011 (TAIF, TNM, HAST); Chutsihu, alt. 700 m, May 19, 1998, W. C. Leong 795 (HAST);
Kua Natural Park, alt. 0 m, Nov. 20, 1999, C. W. Chen 1348 (TAIF); same loc., Dec. 20, 1999, C. W. Chen 1364 (TAIF); Huang-gi-pi-liao, Oct. 25, 1996, S. D.
Shen 10 (TNU, HAST); Academia Sinica, Sept. 27, 1983, C. I Peng 5997 (HAST, TNU); Huang-di-dian, alt. 100 m, Oct. 22 1991, Y. W. Sang 019 (TNU); Shih-ting, alt. 300 m, Nov. 15, 1991, J. C. Wang 7301 (TNU, HAST); Linkou, alt. 150-250 m, Aug. 30, 2001, W. C. Huang 52 (TNU); Shilin, July 21, 1962, Kan 237 (TAIF).
TAOYUAN: Pa-tei, Nov. 24, 1961, T. I. Chuang 4613 (HAST); same loc., Sept. 30, 1986, H. L. Chiang s.n. (TAIF); Yangmei, alt. 50-150 m, Sep. 29, 1987, C. I Peng 11117 (HAST); same loc., alt. 200 m, Nov. 18, 1996, J. C. Wang 10227 (TAIF, TNU); Tachi, alt. 60-70 m, Sep. 29, 1990, C. I Peng 13486 (HAST);
Jenmei, Sep. 27, 1975, C. M. Kuo 6301 (TAI); Lujhu Hsiang, alt. 0-20 m, Oct. 12, 2002, S. C. Liu 842 (TNU, HAST); Pachangli, alt. 50-150 m, Sep. 29, 1987, C. I Peng 11127 (HAST); Chentsotsun, Nov. 22, 1988, s.n. (TAIF); Yungan, Sep. 29, 1974, M. T. Kao 8760 (TAI); Nankan, May 5, 1929, Y. Yamamoto (TAI).
HSINCHU: Lienhuassu, alt. 10 m, Aug. 30, 1996, K. C. Yang 4876 (TAIF, TNU, HAST); Chupei, alt. 0-50 m, Nov. 30, 1996, J. C. Wang 10240 (TAIF, TNU);
Chiliau, alt. 240-250 m, Oct. 12, 1993, C. M. Wang 00471 (TNM).
MIAOLI: Yunghsing, alt. 300 m, Sep. 28, 1990, C. H. Lin 522 (HAST); Tunglo, alt.
400-600 m, Oct. 6, 2001, C. H. Yu 141 (HAST); Tongxiao, Oct. 17, 2008, S. W.
Huang 512 (TNU).
TAICHUNG: Ta-chia, Apr. 28, 1982, M. T. Kao 9678 (TAI); Taichung City, June 27, 1963, s.n. (TAI); Huilai Garden, alt. 120 m, Aug. 15, 2004, C. M. Wang 07614 (TNM); Donghai Bridge, May 27, 1985, Li et al. s.n. (TNM); Peichuang, alt. 176 m, Oct. 24, 1995, C. M. Wang 01819 (TNM); Lungchin Hsiang, Oct. 19, 1999, K.
C. Yang 5795 (TNM); Tatuhsi, alt. 5 m, Mar. 30, 1999, S. T. Chiu 05158 (TNM).
Puhsin, Oct. 13, 1988, S. M. Chaw 757 (HAST, TNM); Nei-pu near Hou-li, July 19, 1968, C. C. Hsu 9286 (TAI).
NANTOU: Puli, alt. 400 m, S. Y. Lu 21286 (TAIF, TNU); Sun Moon Lake, Aug. 2,
1971, T. C. Huang 5662 (TAI); Lien-hua-chi, June 22, 1961, M. T. Kao 4075 (TAI); Molinjue, Oct., 1916, s.coll. (TAI); Shuili Hsiang, alt. 450 m, May 7, 1998, C. M. Wang 002919 (TNM); same loc., alt. 450 m, May 7, 1998, C. M.
Wang 03205 (TNM); Liyutan, alt. 580 m, C. M. Wang 08189 (TNM).
YUNLIN: Kukeng Hsiang, July 30, 1994, H. F. Yen 09563 (TNM); same loc., Aug. 16, 1994, Cheng 8 (TNM); Dounan, alt. 20 m, Mar. 12, 1987, H. F. Yen 00608
(TNM).
CHIAYI: Chiayi City, May 10, 1971, M. T. Kao 7881 (TAI); same loc., Aug. 14, 1994, H. F. Yen 09615 (TNM); Talin Town, alt. 30 m, Mar. 23, 1987, H. F. Yen 00640 (TNM); Juili, June 2, 1991, J. G. Liu s.n. (TNM); Huweiliao, Jan. 16, 1994, H. F.
Yen 09000 (TNM).
TAINAN: Chiayi Farm, alt. 250 m, July 1, 1989, T. C. Huang 14169 (TAI);
Guanziling, May 2, 1943, Mori s.n. (TAI); Madou, Sep. 3, 2009, S. W. Huang 891 (TNU).
KAOHSIUNG: Chishan, Aug. 3, 1985, S. F. Huang 2414 (TAI).
PINGTUNG: Chunjih Hsiang, alt. 100 m, Feb. 3, 1994, J. C. Wang 9044 (TNU, HAST); Mudan, Dec. 30, 2000, S. M. Ku 1078 (PPI, TAIF); Mt. Nanjenshan, alt.
300-400 m, May 15, 1987, T. C. Huang 13080 (TAI); same loc., alt. 350-450 m, Oct. 7, 1970, C. C. Hsu 8319 (TAI); same loc., May. 27, 1978, T. C. Huang 8229 (TAI); Kaoshu, J. 19, 1982, M. T. Kao 9501 (TAI); Tsang-lo, alt. 200 m, Oct. 5, 1970, C. C. Hsu 7968 (TAI); Neiliao, Oct. 27, 1988, S. M. Chaw 782 (HAST, TNM); same loc., Oct. 27, 1988, S. M. Chaw 782 (HAST); Chengde Village, Oct.
24, 2000, S. M. Ku 905 (PPI, HAST); Hsuhai to Mutan, alt. 310 m, May 1, 2001, Y. Y. Huang 358 (HAST).
TAITUNG: Lanyu, Aug. 28, 1968, C. C. Hsu 4904 (TAI); same loc., Apr. 2, 1985, S.
F. Huang 2771 (TAI); same loc., Sep. 20, 1972, J. T. Wu 1548 (TAI); same loc., Sep. 3, 1996, S. T. Chiu 3474 (TNM); same loc., July 8, 1997, T. Y. A. Yang
08570 (TNM); same loc., Apr. 28, 1983, T. C. Huang 9354 (TAI); same loc., Aug.
26, 1968, C. C. Hsu 4822 (TAI); same loc., alt. 100 m, Apr. 24, 1997, T. Y. A.
Yang 08134 (TNM).
HUALIEN: Hu-min, Aug. 21, 1982, M. T. Kao 9797 (TAI); Meilunhsi, alt. 50 m, Sep.
27, 2000, T. T. Chen 11027 (TAIF); Hungyeh, June. 17, 1989, T. C. Huang 14117 (TAI); same loc., June 17. 1989, T. C. Huang 14110 (TAI); Yanliao, Sep. 27, 1981, T. C. Huang 8457 (TAI); Shoufeng District, alt. 110 m, Sep. 22, 1984, C. I
Peng 7248 (HAST).
ILAN: Meihuahu, alt. 50 m, May 23, 2000, C. H. Lin 346 (HAST, TNU); Dayin Village, Dec. 8, 2000, C. C. Chen 7662 (TAIF); Guangxing, Dec. 7, 2000, C. C.
Chen 7621 (TAIF); Juangwoi, Dec. 29, 2000, C. C. Lin 86 (TAIF); Suao, Nov. 1, 1987, Y. M. Hsu 0141 (TAI); Wuchieh Township, alt. 2 m, Mar. 29, 2007, C. M.
Wang 09859 (TNM).
Hedyotis brachypoda 首次由 de Candole (1930)所命名，當時放在 Oldenlandia 屬，稱為 Oldenlandia brachypoda，而後於 1990 年由 Sivarajan 和 Biju 將其轉移 至 Hedyotis，所以將學名更改為 H. brachypoda。此單花形態的分類群最早都誤認 為聚繖花序的 H. diffusa，直到 1990 年才由 Sivarajan 和 Biju 將其更正。
台灣地區，此形態的物種最早由 Hayata (1920)就有記錄，但學名都誤用成 H. diffusa，之後 Chao (1978)及 Liu (1998)均依循 Hayata 的處理，直到 Yang & Liu (1999)採用 Sivarajan 和 Biju 的處理，將其學名更正為 H. brachypoda。
H. brachypoda 全台低海拔地區都有分佈，喜生於較溼潤的土壤，其生長方 式會隨環境而改變，直接日照的環境莖呈直立且葉片較長，若周圍有較高的遮蔽 物，會呈斜生莖或平行莖且葉片較短，單花果腋生為最主要的辨識特徵。
圖 20. Hedyotis brachypoda (DC.) Sivar. & Biju 擬定經草
1. habit; 2. stem; 3. leaves; 4. stipule; 5. flower; 6. corolla inside; 7. flower with corolla removed; 8. capsule; 9. capsule dehiscence.
1 2
3 4
5
6 7
8
9
4. Hedyotis butensis Masam., Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 28: 119. 1938; Chao in H. L. Li et al., Fl. Taiwan 4: 271. 1978; Liu and Yang in T. C. Huang et al.,
Fl. Taiwan 2nd 4: 267. 1998; Ko in H. S. Lo et al., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin.71:
42. 1999.—TYPE: inter Buta et Riyohen, July 11, 1932, T. Suzuki 7572 (Holotype: TAI!)
臭涼喉茶
Annual herbs to 20 cm tall; branches 4-angled, pubescent on surface. Leaves opposite, chartaceous, sessile, obovate-lanceolate, ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, 20-60 mm long, 2-10 mm wide, apex acuminate, base aceminate-cuneate; upper surfaces obvious pubescent, lower surface dense pubescent, 1-nerved; stipules triangular, apex acuminate, the srufrace pubescent. Flowers terminal and axillary head-like clusters, sessile. Flowers homostylous; calyx lobes 4, linear, ca. 1.5 mm long; corolla 4-merous, funnelform, ca. 1-2.5 mm long, hairs on corolla outside and inside. Stamens 4; anthers oblong, exserted, ca. 1 mm long. Stigma hirsute on the surface; style ca. 1-2 mm long. Mature capsule 2 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, globose, pubescent on surface. Seeds many, angular.
Endemic, mainly in Ilan and Pingtung.
Specimens examined:
ILAN: inter Buta et Riyohen, July 11, 1932, T. Suzuki 7572 (TAI).
PINGTUNG: Wutai to Sandimen, July 29, 1968, s. coll. (TAI).
Hedyotis butensis 為台灣特有種，首次由 Masamune 於 1938 年發表，
5. Hedyotis chrysotricha (Palib.) Merr., Lingn. Sci. J. 7: 322. 1929; Chaw & Hsieh,
Oldenlandia chrysotricha Chun, Sunyatsenia 1: 311. 1934.
Perennial repent herbs, often branched from base; branches 4-angled, hirsute only on surface of groove. Leaves opposite, chartaceous, sessile or subsessile, oblong, ovate to lanceolate, 13-22 mm long, 6-11 mm wide, the apex acute to acuminate, the base obtuse to cuneate; upper surfaces slightly hirtellous, lower surface hirtellous only on vein, the margin revolute with fine serrulate; pinnate nerved; stipules sheath, narrow- triangular, the apex caudate, the margin with fine serrulate, the margin and srufrace hirtellous. Cymes axillary, 1-4 flowered in clusters, sessile; flowers
heterostylous, calyx lobes 4(3,5), deltoid, ca.1.5 mm long; corolla 4(3,5) -merous, the lobes surface with obvious groove, white or pale purple, funnelform, ca. 6-7 mm long;
glabrous outside, with a belt of hairs inside. Stamens 4(3,5); anthers oblong, white.
Stigma shallow cleft, the surface glandular-pubescent. Pin flowers tube length/lobe length ratio ca. 1:2; anthers ca. 0.5 mm long, included, sessile, attached corolla throat;
style pilose on surface, ca. 3.5 mm long, much longer than calyx. Thrum flowers tube length/lobe length ratio ca. 2:1; anthers ca. 1 mm long, slightly exserted; filaments near corolla lobes base, ca. 1 mm long; style pilose glabrous, ca. 1.5 mm long, slightly longer than calyx. Mature capsule indehiscent, 3.4-3.6 mm long, 2.0-2.2 mm wide, slightly longer than wide, not compressed, ovate, entirely inferior, thick-walled, hirsute. Seeds few 3-5, ventral view 0.46-0.49 mm long, 0.48-0.50 mm wide, brown, mountain-shaped; raphe 0.21-0.38 mm high, the apex obtuse; testa reticulate; areoles not or slightly circuitous, the surface sinking.
Central China and southern Japan. Taiwan, mainly in Taipei and Ilan, along sloping fields.
Specimens examined:
TAIPEI: Wantan, Sep. 9, 2009, S. W. Huang 853 (TNU); Taoyuangu, Sep. 9, 2009, S.
W. Huang 894 (TNU).
ILAN: Yingshihchien, alt. 350 m, Aug. 8, 2002, C. H. Liu 220 (HAST, TNM); same loc. Alt. 404 m, Aug. 30, 2007, C. F. Chen 5647 (TNM).
Hedyotis chrysotricha 在台灣首次由 Chaw & Hsieh 於 1989 年發表為新記錄 種。植株匍匐生長為主，表面佈滿金黃色粗毛，花密集腋生，形態穩定易於辨別，
依據各大標本館之標本及本研究野外觀察，此分類群只局限分佈於台北雙溪及宜 蘭頭城一帶。
圖 21. Hedyotis chrysotricha (Palib.) Merr. 金毛耳草
1. habit; 2. stem; 3. leaves; 4. stipule; 5. pin flower; 6. pin flower corolla inside; 7. pin flower with corolla removed; 8. thrum flower; 9. thrum flower inside; 10. thrum flower with corolla removed; 11. capsule
1 2
3 4
5
6
7
8
9
10 11
6. Hedyotis strigulosa (Bartl.) Fosberg, Smithsonian Contr. Bot. 45: 28. 1980.
Hedyotis strigulosa var. luxurians (Hatusima) Yamazaki, J. Jap. Bot. 58: 284.
1983.
Hedyotis strigulosa var. parvifolia (Hook. & Arn.) Yamazaki, J. Jap. Bot. 58:
284. 1983; Yamazaki in Iwatsuki et al., Fl. Japan 3a: 217. 1993; Liu and Yang in T. C. Huang et al., Fl. Taiwan 2nd ed. 4: 268. 1998. p.p. excel. syn. H.
taiwanensis.
Oldenlandia crassifolia DC., Prodr. 4: 427. 1830.
Glabrous perennial, ascending to decumbent herbs, often branched from base;
branches 4-angled; succulent. Leaves opposite, fleshy, sessile or subsessile, oblong, oblanceolate to obovate, 10-20(-35) mm long, 5-10(-20) mm wide, the apex acute to
branches 4-angled; succulent. Leaves opposite, fleshy, sessile or subsessile, oblong, oblanceolate to obovate, 10-20(-35) mm long, 5-10(-20) mm wide, the apex acute to