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Table 1-9. Interactive effect of tobacco smoke exposure and cooking exposure in relation to female lung AC patients
Tobacco smoke exposure Cooking exposure Case No Controls No OR1 (95%CI) OR2 (95%CI) P
- - 56 173 1 1
- + 33 58 1.3 (0.8-2.3)
+ - 38 68 1.5 (0.9-2.5)
1.4 (0.9-2.3)
+ + 50 50 2.2 (1.2-4.0) 2.3 (1.2-4.1) <0.05
Adjusted for age, education level
Table 1-10. Interactive effect of tobacco smoke exposure and cooking oil in relation to female lung AC patients
Tobacco smoke exposure Cooking oil Case No Controls No OR1 (95%CI) OR2 (95%CI) P
- No cooking exposure or
vegetable oils
65 204 1 1
- Lard oils 23 27 2.2 (1.1-4.4) <0.05
+ No cooking exposure or
vegetable oils
49 94 1.5 (0.9-2.4)
1.6 (1.1-2.5)
+ Lard oils 38 24 4.2 (2.1-8.1) 4.0 (2.1-7.6) <0.05
Adjusted for age, education level
Table 1-11. Interactive effect of tobacco smoke exposure and cooking fuels in relation to female lung AC patients
Tobacco smoke exposure Cooking oil Case No Controls No OR1 (95%CI) OR2 (95%CI) P
- No cooking exposure,
electricity, natural gas
58 186 1 1
- Coal, wood , charcoal 31 45 1.7 (1.0-2.6) <0.05
+ No cooking exposure,
electricity, natural gas
41 75 1.6 (0.9-3.3)
1.6 (1.0-2.5)
+ Coal, wood, charcoal 46 42 2.8 (1.5-5.3) 2.7 (1.5-5.1) <0.05
Adjusted for age, education level
Table 1-12. Interactive effect of tobacco smoke exposure and family history in relation to female lung AC patients Tobacco smoke exposure Family history of
lung cancer *
Case No Controls No OR1 (95%CI) OR2 (95%CI) P
- - 80 227 1 1
+ - 76 110 1.7 (1.1-2.5) <0.05
- +- 7 2 8.0 (1.6-39.6)
1.8 (1.2-2.7)
+ + 7 3 5.2 (1.3-21.1) 5.2 (1.3-21.1) <0.05
*: all first degree of relatives excluding father Adjusted for age, education level
Table 1-13. Interactive effect of BMI and hormone exposure in relation to female lung AC patients Body mass index Hor mone exposur e per iod
<22.5 22.5-25 >=25
Cases 27 26 17
Controls 47 27 28
OR 1 0.7 (0.2-1.9) 0.5 (0.2-1.3)
<30 years
OR1 1 0.6 (0.3-1.0) 0.6 (0.3-1.0)
Cases 47 27 28
Controls 89 73 59
OR 1.5 (0.6-3.6) 0.9 (0.4-2.3) 0.9 (0.3-2.1)
>=30 years
OR1 1 0.5 (0.2-1.3) 0.4 (0.2-1.0)
Adjusted for age, education level
Table 2-3: Phase 1 gene dosage effect model
CYP1A1 Ile-Val CYP1A2 CYP2E1Rsa1 Adenocarcinoma Control OR (95%CI) p
+ + + 52(38.0%) 78(36.6%) 1
- + + 23(16.8%) 44(20.7%)
+ - + 0(0%) 1(0.5%)
+ + - 38(27.7%) 40(18.8%)
0.9(0.5-1.5) 0.64
- - + 6(4.4%) 13(6.1%)
- + - 14(10.2%) 30(14.1%)
+ - - 0(0%) 0(0%)
0.5(0.2-1.0) 0.06
- - - 4(2.9%) 7(7.3%) 0.2(0.02-1.3) 0.09
All ORs were adjusted for age, education, cooking fume exposure, and tobacco smoke exposure p test for trend =0.06
+: putative high-risk genotype
-: putative low-risk genotype
Table 2-4: Gene-environmental dosage effect model Tobacco smoke
exposure
Cooking fume exposure
Numbers of putative high risk gene
Cases Control OR (95%CI)
- - 2 19(16.8%) 79(37.6%) 1
+ - 2 11(9.7%) 28(13.3%)
- + 2 14(12.4%) 14(6.7%)
- - 3 15(13.3%) 53(25.2%)
1.4(0.7-2.7)
+ + 2 22(19.5%) 12(5.7%)
+ - 3 11(9.7%) 16(7.6%)
- + 3 10(8.8%) 7(3.3%)
3.0*(1.4-6.2)
+ + 3 11(9.7%) 1(0.5%) 20.8*(2.4-179.3)
All ORs were adjusted for age, education p test for trend <0.001
Table 3-3: Phase II gene dosage effect
GSTM1 EH 113 COMT
Adenocarcinoma (%)Control (%)
OR (95%CI) p
+ + + 4.1 12.3 1
- + + 10.7 14.0
+ - + 9.9 15.7
+ + - 12.4 8.5
3.1(0.9-10.3) 0.07
- - + 20.7 18.2
- + - 15.7 13.1
+ - - 9.9 10.6
4.1*(1.2-13.5) 0.02
- - - 16.5 7.6 11.7*(3.0-45.5) 0.0004
All ORs were adjusted for age, education, cooking fume exposure, and tobacco smoke exposure test for trend p<0.001. *: p<0.05