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E.! !
კ 7!
Figu
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! ! ! ! !
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ᡏಒझኧ D. คિ
ure 7 Relatio A. fat; B yield.
ެ)&*!
)&*!
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! ! ! ! !
! ! ! !
! ! ! !
ኧȐSCCȑᆶ
િڰނǹE onships betw B. protein; C
! ! ! !
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ᆶ٢ಔԋϩ E. ᕴڰނ
ween somat C. lactose; D
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tic cell coun D. solid-no-f
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A. ٢િǹB ໆǶ
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lh*!
B. ٢ೈқ
nd milk com E. total solid
ǹC. ٢ᑗ
mponents.
d (TS); F. M
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ᡏಒझ)ঁ
ᡏಒझ)ঁ
ǹ
Milk
ঁ*!
ঁ*!
ঁ*!
όӕဂಔܭ ၂ᡍᡉ 19.16 ± 1.68 ᡉৡ౦Ȑ 0.37ȑǴӵ߄
ीऍ୯
ीВҁ
ჴޔௗԋ
ৡ౦Ӹӧ
ౢໆȐ22.74
Ȑ1ȑݜ ό ٢
Ȑ2ȑག
! ! ! Զ Һ ी
ܭ٢ໆϐৡ౦ ᡉҢל٢܊ݹ 8 kgȐP < 0
P = 0.62ȑ 4ǶਥᏵऍ୯
ԃӢ٢܊ݹ
ԃӢ٢܊ݹ ԋ٢ໆϐཞѨ ӧǴวݹය໔
4 ± 0.94kgȑ
ݜ٢Фܭ
ၸᐒᏔ ໆǶ
ࢉ٢܊ݹϐ Զᆾڙ٢ໆཞ ҺՖӸᒵ
ૈਥᏵ٢ಔ
ीၗૻǴஒ
౦
ݹဂಔϐѳ .01ȑǴՠᆶ ǹဂಔ ୯୯ৎ٢܊
ݹ܌ԋϐ ݹ܌ԋϐ ѨǶҁ၂ᡍ ໔ϐѳ֡٢ ȑҭคᡉ
ᏹբਔऩ ᏔՉཕڗ
ϐФଫځ٢ ཞѨǶҗܭ ᒵǴӢԜค ಔԋϩϐӢ
ၸӚ٢ಔ
ѳ֡٢ౢໆ ᆶܰ௵ག܄ဂ
ಔᆶܰ௵ག
܊ݹہȐ ϐޔௗ٢ໆཞ ϐཞѨҭଯၲ
ᡍύל٢܊ݹ
ౢໆࣁ 22.
ৡ౦Ӹӧ
ऩ҅ௗڙ٢܊
ڗǴᏤठᐒᏔ
٢ౢໆচᔈଯ ܭ၂ᡍၭϐ คݤዴᇡزഖ Ӣηჹ٢ໆ
ಔԋϩࡌҥ
25.87 ± 1 ဂಔ 23.54
܄ဂಔϐ໔ ȐNational M
ཞѨຬၸ 1
ၲ 69 ሹВ ݹဂಔϐ٢ 74 ± 1.39kg ȐP = 0.99ȑ
܊ݹϐឲᛰ Ꮤ܌ෳளϐ
ଯܭჴᡍᢀ ϐݜ٢Фଫ ഖࣁՖচ
ՉϩǶ
ёୖԵϐ
.35 kg ᡉ
± 4.28 kgܭ ໔ҭคᡉ
Mastitis Com 0ሹऍϡǴԶ
༝Ǵٿޣࣣ
٢ໆᆶܰ௵ག gǴᆶ҂วݹ ȑǶፕځё
ᛰݯᕍǴ၀٢ ϐ٢ໆςեܭ
ᢀෳໆǴோς ଫځགࢉ٢܊
Ӣԋᢀෳ
ࣁΑ
ϐኳࠠӵࡕ܌
ଯܭ
ܭ٢ౢໆ
ৡ౦Ӹӧ mmittee, NM
Զ AritaȐ19
ࣣჴ٢܊
ག܄ဂಔ໔ ݹය໔ϐѳ ёૈচӢԖ
٢ϩ܊ϐғ ܭ၀Фϐჴ
ςӢགࢉ٢
܊ݹϐੰў
ෳॶϐόᡉ
ᕇள٢ໆ
܌ॊǶ
ဂಔ
٠ค ȐP = MCȑ 991ȑ
܊ݹዴ ໔คᡉ ѳ֡٢ ԖΒǺ
ғ٢ஒ ჴሞݜ
٢܊ݹ ў٠ค ᡉ܄Ǵ ໆϐ
߄ 7 ࣁ
backward s ނܭኳࠠύϐ tepwise reg ϐ t ॶനλ
gression ana λǴЪёҗځ 35ǵ0.37Ǵ ނǴаϷу
ୃեϐݩ alysisȑকନ ځᎩ٢ಔԋ
0.001ȑᆶ 0.7 ևύࡋ҅࣬
.001ȑǴ ᜢ߯ኧ
٢ໆᆶ٢ le 7 Pearson
ġ Fat
Cor Sig.
TS
Cor Sig.
Yield
Cor Sig.
otein Cor Sig.
ctose Cor Sig.
SNF
Cor Sig.
total solid;
son correlat m a random d
٢ಔԋϩϐ n correlation
ġ Fa rr.
.
rr. 0.8 . 0 rr. -0 . 0 rr. 0.5 . 0 rr. 0 . 0 rr. 0.5 . 0
SNF, solid tion is signi distribution
Pearson࣬ n matrix of m
C at TS
898**
.000
.477* -0.4 0.012 0
574** 0.7 0.002 0 0.072 0 0.723 0 557** 0.8 0.003 0
d-no-fat; Co ificantly be . Double sta
ᜢંତ milk yield a
Correlation S Yie
480* .011
769** -0.5 .000 0 .305 0 .122 0 47** -0.
.000 0
orr., Pearson etter at the 9
ars indicate
and milk co
ns
ld Prot
529**
0.005
0.105 -0 0.602 0 .393* 0.
0.042 0
n correlatio 95% confide
significanc
omponents
tein Lac
0.062 0.760
825** 0 0.000
on; sig.: ast ence level t ce at the 99%
ctose SN
0.500**
0.008
terisked val than be exp
% level.
NF
lue of pected
A.٢ໆ
le 8 A. Mo ds by backw
del
(Constan fat protein lactose SNF TS ependent Va
del
(Constan fat protein lactose TS ependent Va
ᘜኳࠠǹB odel of milk ward stepwis
U
ariable: mil
U
-ariable: mil
B. аϸӛ
k yields by se regressio
Coe Unstandardiz Coefficient B Std
Coe Unstandardiz Coefficient B Std regression on analysis
efficientsa zed ts
S C d. Error
33.367 11.387 24.285 23.771 23.977 10.395
efficientsa zed ts
S C d. Error
25.550 11.136 10.236 10.569 10.087
ݤঅ҅ࡕϐ٢ analysis; B
Standardized Coefficients
Beta
-.80 -1.23 -.47 .63 .80
Standardized Coefficients
Beta B. Modified
d s
t .947 08 -.950 1.566 4 -1.003
Ҕಔ
ҁ ၂ ᡍ Ӆ fication Kit
Չғ٢ DN ޕǴMasterPu ଯǴёૈቹ
A Purificatio ϐ PCR ่݀
Nucleospin®
ڗౢނǶ Nucleospin®
ໆϐቹៜǶ
ฅԶऩஒԋ
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ࢂցёܭྗ
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Ҕ܄ຑ
Ӆ ௦ Ҕ Nuc for Blood V NA ܜڗϐ
ure™ၨ Nu ቹៜࡕុ PC
on Kitϐ PC Ǵෳځচ
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ԋҁӈΕԵ ಔҔ 1/3ǹ
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cleospin®
Version IIȐ ၂ᡍКၨǴ ucleospin®
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Blood (MN ȐEpicentre® Ǵځ่݀ӵ
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®, Wisconsi ߄ 9ǶਥᏵ ϐೈқ፦ූ
ucleospin®
Ңр Nucleo
ᚆЈਔՉၸ
protease KǴ
NA Purificat
Չ٬Ҕໆϐ KೀǴаග
ny)ᆶ Mas in, USAȑٿ Ᏽ 260/280 ᆶ
ූ੮ǴЪځᡶ Blood Kitᆶ ospin® Bloo
ၸᘠǴёள
ё෧Ͽғ٢
tion Kit܌ሡ ϐፓǴᏹբ ගଯځ DNA
sterPure™
ٿᅿόӕ
ᆶ 260/230 ᡶᜪූ੮ᐚ
ᆶ MasterPu od Kitዴჴ
ளډၨ٫ϐ
٢ύଯೈқ
ሡҔόଯ բၨڀቸ Aڗϐਏ
DNA
Ҕ
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კ 8!
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action hod
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260/280 n
1.72± 0.0 1.43± 0.0
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05 1.71±
08 1.39±
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t 260 and 28 t 260 and 2
DNAϐႝݚ wo different
MasterPure™
b.
230 nmb
± 0.04
± 0.09 ϐКၨ!
commercial
80 nm to ev 30 nm to ev
ݚ่݀Кၨ
commercia
™
Process duration 1.5 hours 1.5 hours kits in DNA
valuate prot valuate salts
ၨǶa. Nucle al kits in DN
Cost per
96 35 A extraction
eins conten s contents.
ospin®ǹb.
NA electroph
sample c n methods
nts.
MasterPure phoresis
e™
DRB3.2୷ CR-RFLPϐ ޣǴၸ PCR DRB3FWD
ځౢނϐТ
ᆶ DRB3RE ТࢤελǴౢ
ើФՉӭख़ 151Կ 395 ࢶȐCharo
λ߾ऊࣁ 3 Da Mota et a
2009; Raza ኬҁǴ܌ૈ
၂ᡍԵໆғ NAǴЪႝݚ
ǴᒧୖԵ ϩϐТࢤ ջёǶLedw
ى 50ng/L olaisȑᚇҬ 19 bpǶᗨ
al., 2004; G
afindraibe e
ૈܜڗϐ DN
Զ Miltiado ҬࡕжǴаϷ
ϩЎۘ
Gilliespie et a et al., 2006; Ȑ2001ȑҭ ӝՉ Multi
i-primer PC
6ঁۓׇኬҁ 2003ȑܭВ
ើФ܌ϐ
ౢނՉ R Giovambatti al., 2003ȑǴ
ᡏϐТࢤ
2001ȑ
୷Ӣϐ ҁଞ ϐ၂ᡍ RFLP ista et RFLP
ύǴӅ
܄ဂಔ фǴԶ ౦ȐP
ɧ0.05ȑǴᡉ Ȑ15.63%ȑ լ࣪ϐ 56 ᓐ Ȑ11.5%ȑǵ ඹ୷Ӣࠠܭ ǴаϷ*110 ᓐើФ
1201Ȑ13%
ѦǴۘԖ 5 Կ harif et al.,
՟ǶԜѦǴਥ Фϐ DRB നதـޣҗ
*1001Ȑ9.
ܭу৾εᆶВ
01Ȑ9.37%
Չϐ၂ᡍǴ
%ȑǴаϷ*1 Կ 10% ϐ*
1999ȑǴ೭ ਥᏵ Miyas 3.2୷Ӣࠠ
ଯԿեϩձ 1%ȑǵ*120 Вҁࣣࣁ࣬
ϐ GeneBa ठ܄Ȑsim ൩ۓׇԋф
1501Ȑ11%
*1001Ǵ*27 ೭٤ჴᡍᡉҢ
saka ΓȐ
ࠠՉϐࣴز ձࣁ*1501 01Ȑ7.0%ȑ
࣬தـϐ୷ milarityȑࣁ фϐ 17 ᓐঁ
ඹ୷ӢࠠǴӵ 101Ȑ31.25%
chwabΓ ᓎനଯ٩
%ȑǹӼεౣ
03ǴаϷ*0 Ңу৾εܿ
Ȑ2011ȑଞჹ زᡉҢǴВ
Ȑ25.9%ȑ ǴаϷ *27
91.9%Ǵന
ঁᡏՉϩ
ӵ߄ 10 ܌Ң
%ȑǵ*1401Ȑ ΓȐ2009ȑଞ
٩ׇࣁ*010
ౣ࣪ϐើФ 0902Ҭඹ୷
ܿϐើФ ჹ 507 ᓐВ
ҁើФ ǵ*0101Ȑ2 703Ȑ6.3%
Ъᇡۓࣁ 21.3%ȑǵ*
ȑǶ*01
*1501 εሱч
*1101
ॊѤ upp et
୷Ӣ่
ᆶ 143 Ҭඹ୷
*1101 01Ҭ ᅿനத Ҭඹ୷
0 Ѡεၭ
le 10 The al
a: n = num b: The mo
All
*01
*02
*06
*10
*11
*12
*14
*15
*27
*31
*73
ݜ٢Фϐ llele frequen
mber of allel ost frequent
ele 101 201 601 001 101 201 401 501 703 101 301
DRB3.2Ҭ ncies of DR
les.
alleles are g na 10
1 2 2 3 2 5 5 1 2 1
Ҭඹ୷Ӣࠠᓎ RB3.2 gene i
given in bol Al
ᓎ
in NTU Exp
ld
llele frequen 0.3125b
0.0312 0.0625 0.0625 0.0937
0.0625 0.1563
0.1563
0.0312 0.0625 0.0312
perimental F
ncy
Farm
߄22!ѠεၭϐើФDRB3.2୷ӢࠠᓎᆶВҁϷу৾εϐКၨ! Table 11 Comparison of DRB3.2 gene allele frequencies in NTU, Japan, and Canada NTU Japan b Eastern Canada a
pgq,p, ȐN = 17ȑ *0101Ȑ3125%ȑ
p ȐN= 143ȑ *1501Ȑ259%ȑ
ȐN= 56ȑ *0101Ȑ25%ȑ0101Ȑ31.25%ȑ *1401Ȑ15.63%ȑ
1501Ȑ25.9%ȑ *0101Ȑ21.3%ȑ
0101Ȑ25%ȑ *1101Ȑ13%ȑ Most frequent *1501Ȑ15.63%ȑ *1101Ȑ937%ȑ
*1101Ȑ11.5%ȑ *1001Ȑ91%ȑ
*1201Ȑ13%ȑ *1501Ȑ11%ȑ
alleles *1101Ȑ9.37%ȑ*1001Ȑ9.1%ȑ*1501Ȑ11%ȑ a Rupp et al., 2007; Schwab et al., 2009; Sharif et al., 1999. bMikl2011bMiyasaka et al., 2011.
ל٢܊ݹဂ ܭל٢
*1201ǵ*14 ߄ 12 ܌ҢǶ
*1101ǵ*31 ࣁ 5.9ǵ8.8
܄ဂಔ
܄
аϷ*2703Ǵ ځύ*1201 ᆶ ಔǴԶόـ
*1201ᆶ*27 у৾εϐࣴ
caninumȑག
Ҭඹ୷Ӣࠠ
401ǵ*1501 Ƕ*0101 Ҭඹ 1ǵ*3101Ǵ
ඹ୷Ӣࠠࣁ Ǵҭࣁើ
࣬ᜢǶPashm
୷Ӣࠠࡕว ФȐBoranȑ
՟ϐ่݀Ǵ*
ᜪ MHC ჹ
ϩ
ঁҬඹ୷Ӣ аϷ*7301 ࣁဂಔϣҬඹ 2009ȑܭߏ Ҭඹ୷Ӣࠠ
ࣁ*0101ǵ*
ဂಔύӭᄊ
101ǵ*1101ǵ ځҬඹ୷Ӣࠠ
ܭל٢܊ݹ
ܿϐើФ ǶSchwab ࡋϐཥхᙝ ȐP = 0.09ȑǴ
ٛࢬౢԖᜢ ȐTheileria p ᡉၨଯϐ চևૈΚ
*1001ǵ*11 ᄊ܄നଯޣ
ࠠǶ*1001 Ǵځ୷Ӣࠠ
ǵ*1201ǵ*14
ࠠᓎࣁ 1 ݹဂಔᆶ
ФࣴزᡉҢ
ΓȐ2009 ᙝੱȐNeosp Ǵՠࠅว*
ǹԜѦǴӧ parvaȑࣝ
ϐࣝभԖਏ܄
ΚԖᜢȐBalli 101ǵ Ǵӵ
401Ǵ 17.6%ǹ
ဂ ҢǴ
9ȑܭ spora
*2703 ӧम୯ भࡼ
܄(P=
ingall
߄ 12! ל Table 12 A
a: n = n
ל٢܊ݹဂ Allele frequ
Allele
*0101
*1001
*1101
*1201
*1401
*1501
*3101
*7301
number of a
ಔϐҬඹ୷ uencies of re
alleles.
୷Ӣࠠᓎ
esistant gro
na 3 2 1 1 1 1 2 1
oup
Frequency 8.8 5.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 5.9 2.9
y (%)
߄ 13! Table 13 A
a: n = n
߄ 14! ܰ Table 14 A
A
*
*
*
* a: n = n
A
*
*
*
*
*
܄ဂಔϐ Allele frequ
number of a
ܰ௵ག܄ဂಔ Allele frequ
Allele 0101 0201 0601 1501 number of a Allele
0101 1101 1201 1401 2703
ϐҬඹ୷Ӣ uencies of n
alleles
ಔϐҬඹ୷ uencies of se
n 1 1 2 4 alleles
n
6 2
4
Ӣࠠᓎ
normal grou
୷Ӣࠠᓎ
ensitive gro
na F
1 1 2 4
na F
6 2 1 4 1
up.
oup.
Frequency ( 2.9 2.9 5.9 11.8 requency (
17.6 5.9 2.9 11.8
2.9
(%)
%)
ܰ௵ག܄ဂ
ܰ௵ག
*1501Ǵӵ߄ ᆶ*0601 Ҭ ύǴځҬ ӢࠠȐ15.8 ᡉҢǴځന ϸᔈǶBall
*2703 Ҭඹ ϐࣝभѨ௳
Juliarena virus, BLV ܭу৾εϐ ᡍว*1501
ȑᆶၨᝄख़ ԖᏉ༧р
٢܊ݹܰ௵
lingall Γ ඹ୷ӢࠠڀԖ
௳ȐP = 0.0
ΓȐ2008 ȑϐל܄Ǵՠ ϐើФՉ
ើФᑡ
MartinezΓ
ྗ = 0.1 ਔ Nassiry
ঁҬඹ୷Ӣ ΓȐ2004ȑܭ
Ԗᡉϐࣝ ΓȐ2006ȑଞ ਔёԖਏफ़ե
ΓȐ2005ȑ Ӣࠠϩձࣁ*
ҁϐፓύ 25.9%ࣁന
ঁᡏȐN =
วǹ*010 Ƕ*1501 ࣁ ȑܭҲਟϐ
*1202ǵ*01
ࣣߚЬाϐ
ѦǴ*1501 પӝη୷Ӣࠠ
уჹФқՈ BLVϐ॥ᓀ ਔࠅගр࣬
cystic ovari ЃՋӦ
ȐBoophilus ǴՠԖϿ ۓϐதـҬ
01ǵ*0201 ဂಔύനե 01߾ቶݱӸ ࣁဂಔϣᓎ
ϐ 250 ᓐើ
101ǵ*0901 ϐҬඹ୷Ӣࠠ ianȑϐ॥ᓀ
ើФϐࣴز microplusȑ
ኧЎଞჹ ඹ୷Ӣࠠӵ
1ǵ*0601Ǵ եޣǴځύ*
ӸӧΟঁဂ
നଯϐҬ
ើФՉϐ 1ǴаϷ*15
ࠠǴՠ*150 ёૈࣁើ bovine leuk
rifΓȐ19
*0201 ဂಔϐ Ҭඹ୷ ϐፓ
501Ƕ 01 ߾
ើФќ
ಒझኧ аǴ
*1501 ϐݹ܄
Ǵନ
ᡉ
ל܄Ƕ kemia 998ȑ
01ё 05ȑǹ
*1501 ኧໆǶ Ӣࠠϐ
*1201
ՉࣴزȐ زᡉҢ*110 1997; Kulbe ύ٠คᢀჸ
ෳځচӢ ଯϐ٢િ
ࡺܭी
уҬඹ୷
ȐNorimine ӕԶԋځ 0.01ȑǶҗܭ ݹᖏੱރၨ
݀ȐPashmi e
ࠠϐᜢ߯ӈܭ
007; Pashm Ԗၨଯϐ٢િ al., 2007ȑ
Զа*1401 Ԗ
٢ೈқᆶ
! Ҭඹ୷ 0.02ȑǹ*100 ඹ୷Ӣࠠჹ
ࠠᓎୃե Ԝ*1401 Ҭඹ ٢ᑗᆶᆶ
! Ҭඹ୷ Starkenburg ٢ᑗ٠ค
୷Ӣࠠ*1401 01Ҭඹ୷Ӣ ჹܭ٢ಔԋϩ եǴёૈԋ ඹ୷Ӣࠠҭ ᆶ DRB3.2 ୷
୷Ӣࠠ*120 gΓȐ19 คܴᡉϐ࣬
ځᎩӚҬ
ނᆶᕴڰނ
୷Ӣࠠ*060
*0601ᆶ*15 ᕴڰҭ 1ǵ*1001Ǵ 501Ҭඹ୷ аϷ*1501
୷ӢࠠӢӕਔ җܭ*140 Ҭඹ୷ӢࠠΞ
0.01ȑǶ*10 ᡍύϐҬඹ ଯࡋ҅࣬ᜢ
٢ᑗȐP <
ǴՠӢݜ٢
Ƕନ*1201
คિڰ
0.01ȑǶ ٢ໆᆶ
߄ 15 όӕ Table 15 R
SNF, solid Asterisked be expecte at the 99%
Allele
*0101
*0601
*1001
*1101
*1201
*1401
*1501
*3101
ӕҬඹ୷Ӣ Relationship
d-no-fat; TS d value is s
ed from a r
% level.
Fat (%) 4.13 3.45*
3.71 4.04 3.73 4.68*
3.41**
4.54ɀ
ࠠᆶ٢ಔԋ ps between a
S, total solid ignificantly random dist Protein ( 3.11 3.10 2.60**
3.24 3.17 3.64*
3.04 3.03
ԋϩϐᜢ߯
alleles and m
d. Only allel y different a tribution. D (%) Lac
*
5
*
milk compo
le frequenci at the 95%
Double stars ctose (%)
4.79 4.47 4.98 4.97 5.06**
4.59 4.44 4.91
onents
ies over 5%
confidence s indicate si SNF (%)
8.60 8.27**
8.28**
8.91 8.94 8.93 8.19**
8.63
% are listed.
level than ignificance TS (%) 12.67 11.71*
12.00 13.00 12.67 13.51*
11.43*
13.17
ағ٢ࣁ
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ϩթࣴزǶ γቺǶ2005 γቺǶ2011Ƕ
፦નԋϐ ਜഩǴഋЎ
41-48Ƕ
ྨࠄǶ1998 ᄪੀǶ2005
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