5.2 Experimental section
5.3.2 Photovoltaic Properties
To investigate the potential use of mono, bis, tris Ru(II)-containing metallo-dendrimers in PVCs, the bulk hetero-junction (BHJ) solar cell devices comprising blends of these compounds as electron donors and (PC70BM) as an electron acceptor in their active layer were fabricated with a configuration of ITO/PEDOT : PSS(30 nm)/ “mono, bis, tris Ru(II)-containing metallo-dendrimers” or “mono, bis, tris Ru(II)-Ru(II)-containing metallo-dendrimers”:
PC71BM blend (~80 nm)/Ca(30 nm)/Al(100 nm) and measured under AM 1.5 stimulated solar light. The blended solutions were prepared from compounds and PC71BM in a weight ratio of 1 : 1 (w/w) from chloroform solutions. The current density (J) versus voltage (V) curves of the PVCs are shown in Figure 5.7, where the open circuit voltage (Voc ), short circuit current density (Jsc ), fill factor (FF), and the PCE values are summarized in Table 5.3.
126
Figure 5.7 Current–voltage curves of BHJ solar cells using blended films of “mono, bis, tris Ru(II)-containing metallo-dendrimers”:PC70BM (1 : 1 w/w) under the illumination of AM 1.5G, 100 mW cm-2.
Table 5.3 Photovoltaic properties of a BHJ solar cell device with a configuration of ITO/PEDOT:PSS/compound:PC70BM/Ca/Ala
Active layer Compound:PC70BM
Voc/V J
sc/mA cm
-2
FF (%)
PCE (%)
G1RuG1 0.10 0.12 25.0 0.003
G2RuG2 0.16 0.44 28.01 0.02
G3RuG3 0.20 1.07 32.4 0.07
BT2RuG1 0.49 0.84 33.78 0.14 BT2RuG2 0.55 2.49 26.34 0.36 BT2RuG3 0.61 2.54 32.67 0.51 TPA3RuG1 0.26 0.61 37.83 0.06 TPA3RuG2 0.28 1.20 41.66 0.14 TPA3RuG3 0.39 1.40 34.79 0.19
a Measured under AM 1.5 irradiation, 100 mW cm -2 . b Active layer with the weight ratio of Compound:PC70BM =1 : 1.
127
The best performance of the photovoltaic cells containing Ru(II)-cored thiophene dendrimers was optimized by fabricating BHJ PSC devices using “Ru(II)-cored thiophene dendrimers” as a donor and PC70BM as an acceptor in weight ratios of 1:2 and 1:3. The J–V curves of the PSC devices based on “Ru(II)-cored thiophene dendrimers”:PC70BM in two different blended ratios (1:2 and 1:3) are shown in Figure 5.8, and data are illustrated in Table 5.4.
The PSC device based on BT2RuG3:PC70BM in 1:3 weight ratio obtained the best PCE value of 0.77% with Voc= 0.69 V, Jsc= 3.51 mA/cm2, and FF= 31.89%.
Figure 5.8 Current–voltage curves of BHJ solar cells using blended films of BT2RuG2 and BT2RuG3 with PC70BM in two different ratios (1:2 & 1:3) under the illumination of AM 1.5G, 100 mW cm-2.
Table 5.4 Photovoltaic properties of a BHJ solar cell device with a configuration of ITO/PEDOT:PSS/compound:PC70BM/Ca/Ala
Active layer Compound:PC70BM
Voc/V Jsc/mA cm-2 FF (%) PCE (%)
BT2RuG2:PC70BM (1:2) 0.57 2.69 32.97 0.50 BT2RuG2:PC70BM (1:3) 0.59 3.11 32.41 0.59 BT2RuG3:PC70BM (1:2) 0.63 3.02 34.77 0.66 BT2RuG3:PC70BM (1:3) 0.69 3.51 31.89 0.77
a Measured under AM 1.5 irradiation, 100 mW cm -2 . b Active layer with the weight ratio of Compound:PC70BM =1 : 1.
128
5.4 Conclusion
Mono (G1RuG1, G2RuG2, G3RuG3), bis (BT2RuG1, BT2RuG2, BT2RuG3) and tris (TPA3RuG1, TPA3RuG2, TPA3RuG3) ‘Ru’ containing supramolecular thiophene dendrimers were constructed. Their photophysical, electrochemical and thermal properties were investigated. Due to the donor-acceptor, benzothiadiazole-hexyl thiophene cored architecture in bis ‘Ru’ containg thiophene dendrimers, these showed higher photovoltaic efficiency than other two series. Tris ‘Ru’ containg architecture with terthiophene-triphenylamine core, showed moderate photovoltaic performance due to their star shaped branched structure. Among the three generations (G1-G3) of bis ‘Ru’
containing dendritic series, BT2RuG3 showed the highest solar cell efficiency 0.77%
without the aid of any additives or anealing conditions. This solar cell efficiency value is the highest among all metal containg dendritic supramolecule reported so far.
129
Chapter 6
Two novel dithieno-benzo-imidazole-based compounds (M2 and A2) showed remarkable sensitivities towards Pb
2+
by 12-fold enahancement and 10-fold decay of fluorescence, respectivily, in aqueous solutions. Substituent effects of different dithieno-benzo-imidazole-based moieties (M1, M2, A1 and A2) on the quantum yields, fluorescence lifetimes and sensitivities to Pb
2+
along with the reversibilities by S
were investigated.
Novel thieno-imidazole-based polymer P showed both colorimetric and ratiometric detections of Hg
2+
as well as fluorometric detection of Zn
2+
via fluorescence turn-on response with augmented lifetime. Its model polymer M did not show any such sensing capability under similar conditions, which further confirmed the unique sensitivity of P towards Hg
2+
and Zn
2+
via the chelation of metal ions to both ‘S’ and ‘N’ hetero-atoms.
Three novel Chemosensory Polymers showed different chemosensing sensitivity response towards H
+
and Fe
2+
depending on the imidazole pendants. The chemosensing reversibilities were achieved by Na2-EDTA and phenanthrolinbe as counter ligands.
Supramolecular bis Ru containing thiophene dendrimer (BT2RuG3) showed a highest solar cell efficiency (0.77%), among all metal containing dendritic supramolecule reported so far.
130
References
1. (a) de Silva, A. P.; Gunaratne, H. Q. N.; Gunnlaugsson, T.; Huxley, A. J. M.; McCoy, C. P.; Rademacher, J. T.; Rice, T. E. Chem. Rev. 1997, 97, 1515.
2. Manez, R. M.; Sancenon, F. Chem. Rev. 2003, 103, 4419.
3. Gunnlaugsson, T.; Glynn, M.; Tocci, G. M.; Kruger, P. E.; Pfeffer, F. M. Coord. Chem.
Rev. 2006, 250, 3094.
4. Jiang, P.; Guo, Z. Coord. Chem. Rev. 2004, 248, 205.
5. Fabbrizzi, L.; Poggi, A.; Chem. Soc. Rev. 1995, 24, 197.
6. Czarnik (Ed.), A. W. Fluorescent Chemosensors for Ion and Molecule Recognition, ACS Symposium Series 358, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1993.
7. Wright A. T.; Anslyn, E. V. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2006, 35, 14.
8. Yoon, J.; Kim, S. K.; Singh N. J.; Kim, K. S. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2006, 35, 355.
9. Kobayashi, H.; Ogawa, M.; Alford, R.; Choyke P. L.; Urano, Y. Chem. Rev. 2010, 110, 2620.
10. Sinkeldam, R. W.; Greco, N. J.; Tor, Y. Chem. Rev. 2010, 110, 2579.
11. Lodeiro, C.; Capelo, J. L.; Mejuto, J. C.; Oliveira, E.; Santos, H. M.; Pedras B.; Nunez, C. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2010, 39, 2948.
12. Gunnlaugsson, T.; Glynn, M.; Tocci, G. M.; Kruger, P. E.; Pfeffer, F. M.; Coord. Chem.
Rev. 2006, 250, 3094.
13. Jiang P. J.; Guo, Z. J. Coord. Chem. Rev. 2004, 248, 205.
14. Bell T. W.; Hext, N. M. Chem. Soc. Rev., 2004, 33, 589.
15. Valeur, B.; Leray, I. Coord. Chem. Rev. 2000, 205, 3.
16. (a) Czarnik (Ed.), A. W. Fluorescent Chemosensors for Ion and Molecules Recognition, American Chemical Society, Washington DC, USA, 1993; (b) Balzani, V.; Campagna (Eds.), S. Photochemistry and Photophysics of Coordination Compounds I, Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, Germany, 2007; (c) Montalti, M.; Credi, A.; Prodi, L.;
Gandolfi, M. T. Handbook of Photochemistry, third ed., Taylor & Francis Group, Boca
131
Raton, USA, 2006; (d) Geddes, C. D.; Lacowicz, J. R.; Advanced Concepts in Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Small Molecule Sensing, Springer-Sciences, New York, USA, 2005; (e) Rehm, C. D.; Weller, A. Isr. J. Chem. 1970, 8, 259.
17. Jiang, P.; Guo, Z. Coord. Chem. Rev. 2004, 248, 205.
18. Lakowicz, J. R. Principles of Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Kluwer Academic/Plenum, New York, 1999.
19. Turro, N. J. Modern Molecular Photochemistry, University Science Books Sauslito, California, 1991.
20. Guillet, J. Polymer Photophysics and Photochemistry, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 1985.
21. Valeur, B. in: S.G. Schulman (Ed.), Molecular Luminescence Spectroscopy, Part 3, Wiley, New York, 1993, 25.
22. Valeur, B.; Bourson, J.; Pouget, J. in: A.W. Czarnik (Ed.), Fluorescent Chemosensors for Ion and
23. Molecule Recognition, ACS Symposium Series 538, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1993, 25.
24. Rettig, W.; Lapouyade, R. Probe design and chemical sensing, in: J.R. Lakowicz (Ed.), Topics in Fluorescence Spectroscopy, vol. 4, Plenum, New York, 1994, 109.
25. Valeur, B.; Badaoui, F.; Bardez, E.; Bourson, J.; Boutin, P.; Chatelain, A.; Devol, I.;
Larrey, B.; Lefe`vre, J. P.; Soulet, A. in: J.-P. Desvergne, A.W. Czarnik (Eds.), Chemosensors of Ion and Molecule Recognition, NATO ASI Series, Kluwer, Dordrecht, 1997, 195.
26. Lӧhr, H. G.; Vӧgtle, F. Acc. Chem. Res. 1985, 18, 65 and Refs. cited therein.
27. Hong, Y.; Chen, S.; Leung, C.W.; Lam, J. W.; Liu, J.; Tseng, N. W.; Kwok, R.T.; Yu, Y.; Wang, Z.; Tang, B.Z. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces. 2011, 3, 341.
28. Photonic Research Systems: http://www.prsbio.com/index.html.
29. Birks, J. B.; Photophysics of Aromatic Molecules, Wiley, London, 1970.
132
30. (a) Luo, J. D.; Xie, Z. L.; Lam, J. W. Y.; Cheng, L.; Chen, H. Y.; Qiu, C. F.; Kwok, H.
S.; Zhan, X. W.; Liu, Y. Q.; Zhu, D. B.; Tang, B. Z. Chem. Commun. 2001, 1740. (b) Hong, Y.; Lam J. W. Y.; Tang, B. Z. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2011, 40, 5361.
31. Han, T.; Feng, X.; Tong, B.; Shi, J.; Chen, L.; Zhi, J.; Dong Y. Chem. Commun. 2012, 48, 416.
32. Goswami, S.; Chakrabarty, R. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2010, 3791.
33. Fang, Z.; Wang, S.; Zhao, L.; Dong, B.; Xu, Z.; Ren, J.; Yang, Q.; Materials Letters 2008, 62, 1514.
34. Alfonso, M.; Espinosa, T´arraga, A. A.; Molina, P. Organic Letters 2011, 13, 2078.
35. Alfonso, M.; T´arraga, A.; Molina, P. Dalton Trans. 2010, 39, 8637.
36. M. Alfonso, A. T´arraga, P. Molina, J. Org. Chem. 2011, 76, 939.
37. Hou, C.; Xiong, Y.; Fu, N.; Jacquot, C. C.; Squier, T. C.; Cao, H. Tetrahedron Letters, 2011, 52, 2692.
38. Cheng, X.; Li, Q.; Li, C.; Qin, J.; Li, Z. Chem. Eur. J. 2011, 17, 7276.
39. Li, J.; Wu, Y.; Song, F.; Wei, G.; Cheng, Y.; Zhu, C. J. Mater. Chem. 2012, 22, 478.
40. Yuan, M.; Li, Y.; Li, J.; Li, C.; Liu, X.; Lv, J.; Xu, J.; Liu, H.; Wang, S.; Zhu, D.
Organic Letters 2007, 9, 2313.
41. Pandey, R.; Gupta, R. K.; Shahid, M.; Maiti, B.; Misra, A.; Pandey, D. S.; Inorg. Chem.
2012, 51, 298.
42. Zhang, J. F.; Kim, S.; Han, J. H.; Lee, S. J.; Pradhan, T.; Cao, Q. Y.; Lee, S. J.; Kang, C.; Kim, J. S. Organic Letters 2011, 13, 5294.
43. Zhou, Y.; Li, Z. X.; Zang, S. Q.; Zhu, Y. Y.; Zhang, H. Y.; Hou, H. W.; Mak, T. C. W.
Organic Letters 2012, 14, 1214.
44. Meng, X.; Wang, S.; Li, Y.; Zhu, M.; Guo, Q. Chem. Commun. 2012, 48, 4196.
45. Chiang, C. K.; Fincher, C. R.; Park, Y. W.; Heeger, A. J.; Shirakawa, H.; Louis, E. J.;
Gau, S. C.; MacDiarmid, A. G. Phys. Rev. Lett. 1977, 39, 1098.
133
46. Chiang, C. K.; Druy, M. A.; Gau, S. C.; Heeger, A. J.; Louis, E. J.; MacDiarmid, A. G.;
Park, Y. W.; Shirakawa, H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1978, 100, 1013.
47. Burroughes, J. H.; Bradley, D. D. C.; Brown, A. R.; Marks, R. N.; Mackay, K.; Friend, R. H.; Burns, P. L.; Holmes, A. B.; Nature 1990, 347, 539.
48. Burn, P. L.; Kraft, A.; Baigent, D.; Bradley, D. D. C.; Brown, A. R.; Friend, R. H.;
Gymer, R. W.; Holmes, A. B.; Jackson, R. W. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 10117.
49. Kraft, A.; Grimsdale, A. C.; Holmes, A. B. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 1998, 37, 402.
50. Friend, R. H.; Gymer, R. W.; Holmes, A. B.; Burroughes, J. H.; Marks, R. N.; Taliani, C.; Bradley, D. D. C.; Dos Santos, D. A.; Bredas, J. L.; Logdlund, M.; Salaneck, W. R.
Nature, 1999, 397, 121.
51. Alan, J. H. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2001, 40, 2591.
52. Arango, A. C.; Johnson, L. R.; Bliznyuk, V. N.; Schlesinger, Z.; Carter, S. A.; Hӧhold, H. H. Adv. Mater. 2000, 12, 1689.
53. McDonald, S. A.; Konstantatos, G.; Zhang, S. G.; Cyr, P. W.; Klem, E. J. D.; Levina, L.; Sargent, E. H. Nat. Mater. 2005, 4, 138-U14.
54. Coakley, K. M.; McGehee, M. D. Chem. Mater. 2004, 16, 4533.
55. Ramos, A. M.; Rispens, M. T.; van Duren, J. K. J.; Hummelen, J. C.; Janssen, R. A. J. J.
Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 6714.
56. Jager, E. W. H.; Inganäs, O.; Lundstrӧm, I.; Adv. Mater. 2001, 13, 76.
57. Burgmayer, P.; Murray, R. W. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1982, 104, 6139.
58. Gangopadhyay, R.; De, A. Chem. Mater. 2000, 12, 608.
59. Meyer, W. H.; Adv. Mater. 1998, 10, 439.
60. Dimitrakopoulos, C. D.; Malenfant, P. R. L. Adv. Mater. 2002, 14, 99.
61. Thomas, S. W.; Joly, G. D.; Swager, T. M. Chem. Rev. 2007, 107, 1339.
62. Swager, T. M. Acc. Chem. Res. 1998, 31, 201.
63. McQuade, D.T.; Pullen, A. E.; Swager, T. M. Chem. Rev. 2000, 100, 2537.
134
64. Gaylord, B. S.; Massie, M. R.; Feinstein, S. C.; Bazan, G. C.; Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.
U.S.A. 2005, 102, 34.
65. Kumaraswamy, S.; Bergstedt, T.; Shi, X. B.; Rininsland, F.; Kushon, S.; Xia, W. S.;
Ley, K.; Achyuthan, K.; McBranch, D.; Whitten, D.; Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2004, 101, 7511.
66. Petrella, A.; Tamborra, M.; Curri, M. L.; Cosma, P.; Striccoli, M.; Cozzoli, P. D.;
Agostiano, A. J. Phys. Chem. B, 2005, 109, 1554.
67. Dwight, S. J.; Gaylord, B. S.; Hong, J. W.; Bazan, G. C. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2004, 126, 16850.
68. Watt, A.; Thomsen, E.; Meredith, P.; Rubinsztein-Dunlop, H. Chem. Commun. 2004, 20, 2334.
69. Ho, H. A.; Leclerc, M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2004, 126, 1384.
70. Ho, H.-A.; Boissinot, M.; Bergeron, M. G.; Corbeil, G.; Dore, K.; Boudreau, D.;
Leclerc, M. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2002, 41, 1548.
71. Li, J.; Pang, Y. Macromolecules 1998, 31, 5740.
72. Pang, Y.; Li, J.; Hu, B.; Karasz, F. E. Macromolecules 1998, 31, 6730.
73. Skoheim, T. A.; Elsenbaumer, R. L.; Reynolds, J. R. Handbook of Conducting Polymers, second ed., Marcel Dekker, New York, NY, 1998.
74. Leclerc, M. Adv. Mater. 1999, 11, 1491.
75. Levesque, I.; Leclerc, M. Chem. Mater. 1996, 8, 2843.
76. Wang, B.; Wasielewski, M. R. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1997, 11, 912.
77. Zhou, Q.; Swager, T. M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 12593.
78. Zhou, Q.; Swager, T. M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 7017.
79. (a) Teixidor, F.; Flores, M. A.; Escriche, L.; Vi~nas, C.; Casab_o, J. Chem. Commun.
1994, 963. (b) Chung, S.; Kim, W.; Park, S. B.; Yoon, I.; Lee S. S.; Sung, D. D. Chem.
Commun. 1997, 965. (c) Kimura, K.; Yajima, S.; Tatsumi, K.; Yokoyama M.; Oue, M.
135
Anal. Chem. 2000, 72, 5290. (d) Ceresa, A.; Radu, A.; Peper, S.; Bakker, E.; Pretsch, E.
Anal. Chem. 2002, 74, 4027.
80. (a) Amendola, V.; Fabbrizzi, L.; Licchelli, M.; Mangano, C.; Pallavicini, P.; Parodi, L.;
Poggi, A. Coord. Chem. Rev. 1999, 190-192, 649. (b) Prodi, L.; Bolletta, F.; Montalti, M.; Zaccheroni, N. Coord. Chem. Rev. 2000, 205, 59. (c) Zhao, Q.; Li, F. Y.; Huang, C.
H. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2010, 39, 3007. (d) Dwivedi, A. K.; Saikia G.; Iyer, P. K. J. Mater.
Chem. 2011, 21, 2502. (e) Chetia, B.; Iyer, P. K. Tetrahedron Letters 2008, 49, 94.
81. J. S. Liu-Fu, Lead Poisoning, A Century of Discovery and Rediscovery, in Human Lead Exposure, ed. H. L. Needleman, Lewis Publishing, Boca Raton, FL, 1992.
82. (a) C. Qin, W. Y. Wong and L. Wang, Macromolecules, 2011, 44, 483; (b) C. Qin, Y.
Cheng, L. Wang, X. Jing and F. Wang, Macromolecules, 2008, 41, 7798; (c) M.
Dekhtyar, W. Rettig and W. Weigel, Chemical Physics, 2008, 344, 237.
83. (a) R. Zhou, B. Li, N. Wu, G. Gao, J. You and J. Lan, Chem. Commun., 2011, 47, 6668;
(b) Z. -Q. Hu, C. -S. Lin, X. -M. Wang, L. Ding, C.-L. Cui, S. -F. Liu and H. Y. Lu, Chem. Commun., 2010, 46, 3765; (c) X. -L. Ni, S. Wang, X. Zeng, Z. Tao and T.Yamato, Org. Lett., 2011, 13, 552.
84. Y. Miyake, M. Wu, M. J. Rahman, Y. Kuwatani and M. Iyoda, J Org. Chem., 2006, 16, 6110.
85. A. Meyer, E. Sigmund, F. Luppertz, G. Schnakenburg, I. Gadaczek, T. Bredow. S. S.
Jester and H. Höger, Beilstein J. Org. Chem., 2010, 6, 1180.
86. S. Sirilaksanapong, M. Sukwattanasinitt and P. Rashatasakhon, Chem. Commun., 2012, 48, 293.
87. (a) Zhang, Z.; Wu, D.; Guo, X.; Qian, X.; Lu, Z.; Xu, Q.; Yang, Y.; Duan, L.; He, Y.;
Feng, Z.; Chem. Res. Toxicol. 2005, 18, 1814; (b) M. Harada, Crit. Rev. Toxicol. 1995, 25, 1; (c) Renzoni, A.; Zino, F.; Franchi, E. Environ. Res. 1998, 77, 68. (d) Benoit, J.
M.; Fitzgerald, W. F.; Damman, A. W. Environ. Res. 1998, 78, 118.
136
88. (a) Que, E. L.; Domaille, D. W.; Chang, C. J. Chem. Rev. 2008, 108, 1517 and references therein. (b) Frederickson, C. J.; Koh, J. Y.; Bush, A. I. Nat. Rev. Neurosci.
2005, 6, 449. (c) Scrimgeoura, A. G.; Stahl, C. H.; McClung, J. P.; Marchitelli, L. J.;
Young, A. J. J. Nutri. Biol. 2007, 18, 813.
89. (a) Amendola, V.; Fabbrizzi, L.; Forti, F.; Licchelli, M.; Mangano, C.; Pallavicini, P.;
Poggi, A.; Sacchi, D.; Taglieti, A. Coord. Chem. Rev. 2006, 250, 273. (b) Rurack, K.;
Resch-Genger, U. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2002, 31, 116. (c) Mutihac, L.; Lee, J. H.; Kim, J. S.;
Vicens, J. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2011, 40, 2777. (d) Xu, Z.; Singh, N. J.; Lim, J.; Pan, J.;
Kim, H. N.; Park, S. S.; Kim, K. S.; Yoon, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 15528.
90. (a) Xu, Z.; Yoon, J.; Spring, D. R. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2010, 39, 1996. (b) Burdette, S. C.;
Frederickson, C. J.; Bu, W.; Lippard, S. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 1778. (c) Brombosz, S. M.; Zucchero, A. J.; Phillips, R. L.; Vazquez, D.; Wilson, A.; Bunz, U. H.
F. Organic Letters 2007, 9, 4519. (d) Wong, K. M. C.; Tang, W. S.; Lu, X. X.; Zhu, N.;
Yam, V. W. W. Inorg. Chem. 2005, 44, 1492. (e) Peng, X.; Xu, Y.; Sun, S.; Wu, Y.;
Fan, J. Org. Biomol. Chem. 2007, 5, 226. (f) Quang, D. T.; Kim, J. S. Chem. Rev. 2007, 107, 3780. (i) Chen, W. H.; Xing, Y.; Pang. Y.; Organic Letters 2011, 13, 1362.
91. (a) Rurack, K.; Kollmannsberger, M.; Resch-Genger, U.; Daub, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc.
2000, 122, 968. (b) McQuade, D. T.; Hegedus, A. H.; Swager, T. M. J. Am. Chem. Soc.
2000, 122, 12389.
92. (a) Kim, J. S.; Quang, D. T. Chem. Rev. 2007, 107, 3780. (b) Zhang, J. F.; Lim, C. S.;
Bhuniya, S.; Cho, B. R.; Kim, J. S. Organic Letters 2011, 13, 1190.
93. Yuan, L.; Lin, W.; Chen, B.; Xie. Y.; Organic Letters 2012, 14, 432.
94. (a) Kaur, P.; Kaur, S.; Singh, K; Org. Biomol. Chem. 2012, 10, 1497. (b) Yang, M. H.;
Thirupathi, P.; Lee, K. H.; Org. Lett. 2011, 13, 5028. (c) Lohani, C. R.; Kim, J. M.; Lee, K. H. Tetrahedron 2011, 67, 4130. (d) Kaur, P.; Kaur, S.; Singh, K.; Sharma, P. R.;
Kaur, T.; Dalton Trans., 2011, 40, 10818. (e) Joshi, B. P.; Lohani, C. R.; Lee, K. H. Org.
Biomol. Chem. 2010, 8, 3220. (f) Neupane, L. N.; Kim, J. M.; Lohani, C. R.; Lee. K.
137
H.; J. Mater. Chem. 2012, 22, 4003. (g) Yang, M. H.; Lohani, C. R.; Cho, H.; Lee, K. H.
Org. Biomol. Chem. 2011, 9, 2350. (h) M. Kumar, N. Kumar, V. Bhalla, H. Singh, P. R.
Sharma, T. Kaur. Org. Lett., 2011, 13, 1422.
95. (a) Y. Xu, Y. Pang. Dalton Trans. 2011, 40, 1503. (b) Y. Xu, Y. Pang. Chem. Commun.
2010, 46, 4070. (c) K. Hanaoka,bY. Muramatsu, Y. Urano, T. Terai, T. Nagano. Chem.
Eur. J. 2010, 16, 568. (d) L. Wang, W. Qin, X.Tang, W. Dou, W. Liu. J. Phys. Chem. A 2011, 115, 1609.
96. Barberis, V. P.; Mikroyannidis, J. A. Synthetic Metals 2006, 156, 1408.
97. (a) Hanif, M.; Lu, P.; Li, M.; Zheng, Y.; Xie, Z.; Ma, Y.; Li, D.; Li, J. Polym. Int.
2007, 56, 1507. (b) He, B.; Tian, H.; Geng, Y.; Wang, F.; Muellen, K. Org. Lett.
2008, 10, 773.
98. Benesi, H. A.; Hildebrand, J. H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1949, 71, 2703.
99. (a) Krooswyk, J. D.; Tyrakowski, C. T.; Snee, P. T. J. Phys. Chem. C. 2010, 114, 21348. (b) Shimkunas, R. A.; Robinson, E.; Lam, R.; Lu, S.; Xu, X.; Zhang, X. Q.;
Huang, H.; Osawa, E.; Ho, D. Biomaterials 2009, 30, 5720. (c) Cui, L.; Zhong, Y.; Zhu, W.; Xu, Y.; Du, Q.; Wang, X.; Qian, X.; Xiao, Y.; Organic Letters 2011, 13, 928. (d) Liu, Y.; Deng, C.; Tang, L.; A. Qin, R. Hu, J. Z. Sun, B. Z. Tang, J. Am. Chem. Soc.
2011, 133, 660; (e) Maity, D.; Govindaraju, T.; Chem. Commun. 2010, 46, 4499. (f) Snee, P. T.; Somers, R. C.; Nair, G.; Zimmer, J. P.; Bawendi, M. G.; Nocera, D. G. J.
Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 13320. (g) Guo, Z. Q.; Zhu, W. H.; Zhu, M. M.; Wu, X. M.;
Tian, H. Chem. Eur. J., 2010, 16, 14424. (h) Jung, J. H.; Lee, J. H.; Shinkai, S. Chem.
Soc. Rev. 2011, 40, 4464.
100. (a) Myochin, T.; Kiyose, K.; Hanaoka, K.; Kojima, H.; Terai, T.; Nagano, T. J. Am.
Chem. Soc. 2011, 133, 3401. (b) Qian, F.; Zhang, C.; Zhang, Y.; He, W.; Gao, X.; Hu, P.; Guo, Z. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 1460. (c) Maity, D.; Govindaraju, T.; Inorg.
Chem. 2010, 49, 7229. (d) Guliyev, R.; Coskun, A.; Akkaya, E. U. J. Am. Chem. Soc.
2009, 13, 9007. (e) Kim, H. N.; Guo, Z.; Zhu, W.; Yoon, J.; Tian, H. Chem. Soc. Rev.
138
2011, 40, 79. (f) Park, M.; Seo, S.; Lee, I. S.; Jung, J. H. Chem. Commun. 2010, 46, 4478. (g) Maity, D.; Manna, A. K.; Karthigeyan, D.; Kundu, T. K.; Pati, S. K.;
Govindaraju, T. Chem. Eur. J. 2011, 17, 11152. (h) Guo, Z. Q.; Zhu, W. H.; Tian, H.
Macromolecules 2010, 43, 739; (i) Maity, D.; Govindaraju, T. Chem. Eur. J. 2011, 17, 1410. (j) Son, H.; Lee, H. Y.; Lim, J. M.; Kang, D.; Han, W. S.; Lee, S. S.; Jung, J. H.
Chem. Eur. J. 2010, 16, 11549. (k) Lee, H. Y.; Bae, D. R.; Park, J. C.; Song, H.; Han, W. S.; Jung, J. H. Angew. Chem. 2009, 121, 1265.
101. (a) Kim, F. S.; Ren, G.; Jenekhe, S. A. Chem. Mater. 2011, 23, 682. (b) Usta, H.;
Facchetti, A.; Marks, T. Acc. Chem. Res. 2011, 44, 501. (c) Grimsdale, A. C.; Chan, K.
L.; Martin, R. E.; Jokisz, P. G.; Holmes, A. B. Chem. Rev. 2009, 109, 897. (d) Liao, L.;
Cirpan, A.; Chu, Q.; Karasz, F.; Pang, Y. J. Polym. Sci. Part A Polym. Chem. 2007, 45, 2048. (e) Cheng, Y. J.; Yang, S. H.; Hsu, C. S. Chem. Rev. 2009, 109, 5868. (f) Torrent, M. M.; Rovira, C. Chem. Rev. 2011, 111, 4833. (g) Shao, B. Y.; Gong, X.; Heeger, A.
J.; Liu, M.; Jen, A. K. Y. Adv. Mater. 2009, 21, 1972. (h) Cho, N.; Yip, H. L.; Davies, J.
A.; Kazarinoff, P. D.; Zeigler, D. F.; Durban, M. M.; Segawa, Y.; O’Malley, K. M.;
Luscombe, C. K.; Jen, A. K. Y. Adv. Energy. Mater. 2011, 6, 1148. (i) Huang, F.;
Chen, K. S.; Yip, H. L.; Hau, S. K.; Acton, O.; Zhang, Y.; Luo, J.; Jen, A. K. Y. J. Am.
Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 13886.
102. (a) Thomas III, S. W.; Joly, G. D.; Swager, T. M. Chem. Rev. 2007, 107, 1339. (b) Liu, B.; Dai, H.; Bao, Y.; Du, F.; Tian, J.; Bai, R. Polym. Chem. 2011, 2, 1699. (c) Lee, H.;
Lee, J. H.; Kang, S.; Lee, J. Y.; John, G.; Jung, J. H. Chem. Commun. 2011, 47, 2937.
(d) Duan, X.; Liu, L.; Feng, F.; Wang, S.; Acc. Chem. Res. 2010, 43, 260. (e) Dong, H.;
Cao, X.; Li, C. L. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces. 2009, 1, 1599. (f) Lou, X.; Zhang, Y.;
Qin, J.; Li, Z. Chem. Eur. J. 2011, 17, 9691. (g) Li, J.; Wu, Y.; Song, F.; Wei, G.;
Cheng, Y.; Zhu, C. J. Mater. Chem. 2012, 22, 478.
103. (a) Fana, L. J.; Zhanga, Y.; Murphya, C. B.; Angell, S. E.; Parkera, M. F. L.; Flynna, B.
R.; Jones, W. E. J. Coord. Chem. Rev. 2009, 253, 410. (b) McQuade, D. T.; Pullen, A.
139
E.; Swager, T. M. Chem Rev. 2000, 100, 2537. (d) Liu, B.; Bao, Y.; Wang, H.; Du, F.;
Tian, J.; Li, Q.; Wang, T.; Bai, R. J. Mater. Chem. 2012, 22, 3555.
104. (a) Thomas, S. W.; Joly, G. D.; Swager, T. M. Chem.Rev. 2007, 107, 1339. (c) Hong, S.
W.; Ahn, C. H.; Huh, J.; Jo, W. H. Macromolecules 2006, 39, 7694. (d) Clarke, Y.; Xu, W.; Demas, J. N.; DeGraff, B. A. Anal. Chem. 2000, 72, 3468. (e) Potyrailo, R. A.
Angew. Chem. Int., Ed. 2006, 45, 702. (h) Kruppa, M.; König, B. Chem. Rev. 2006, 106, 3520. (f) Bozdemir, O. A.; Buyukcakir, O.; Akkaya, E. U. Chem. Eur. J. 2009, 15, 3830. (g) Coskun, A.; Akkaya, E. U. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 14474. (h) Jiang, J.;
Xiao, X.; Zhao, P.; Tian, H. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2010, 48, 1551.
105. (a) Blomberg, M. R. A.; Siegbahn, P. E. M.; Wikstrom, M. Inorg. Chem. 2003, 42, 5231. (b) Yamamoto, S.; Takeda, H.; Maki, Y.; Hayaishi, O. J. Bio. Chem. 1969, 244, 2951. (c) Cartwright, G. E.; Gubler, C. J.; Wintrobe, M. M. J. Bio. Chem., 1957, 224, 533. (d) Shellaiah, M.; Rajan, Y. C.; Lin, H. C. J. Mater. Chem. 2012, 22, 8976.
106. (a) Aisen, P.; Resnick, M. W.; Leibold, E. A. Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 1999, 3, 200. (b) Eisenstein, R. S. Annu. Re V. Nutr. 2000, 20, 627. (c) Neilands, J. B. Ann Rev Biochem.
1981, 50, 715. (d) Ouchetto, H.; Dias, M.; Mornet, R.; Lesuisse, E.; Camadro, J. M.;
Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2005, 13, 1799. (e) Kalinowski, S. D.; Sharpe, C. P.; Bernhardt, V.
P.; Richardson, R. D. J. Med. Chem. 2008, 51, 331. (f) Chaud, V. M.; Izumi, C.;
Nahaal, Z.; Shuhama, T. D.; Bianchi, L. P. M.; Freitas, O. J. Agric. Food. Chem. 2002, 50, 871. (g) Zou, Q.; Li, X.; Zhang, J.; Zhou, J.; Sun, B.; Tian, H.; Chem. Commun.
2012, 48, 2095.
107. (a) Neilands, J. B. S. Struct. Bonding 1984, 58, 1. (b) Winkelmann, G.; van der Helm, D.; Neilands, J. B. Iron Transport in Microbes, Plants, Animals, VCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, D-6940, Weinheim, Germany, 1987. (c) Matzanke, B. F.;
Matzanke, G. M.; Raymond, K. N. Iron Carriers, Iron Proteins, VCH Publishers, New York, 1989, 5. (d) Brugnara, C. Clin. Chem., 2003, 49, 1573.
140
108. (a) Ghosh, S.; Dey, C. K.; Manna, R. Tetrahedron Letters 2010, 51, 3177. (b) Liu, Y.;
Miao, Q.; Zhang, S. W.; Huang, X. B.; Zheng, L. F.; Cheng, Y. X. Macromol. Chem.
Phys. 2008, 209, 685. (c) Miao, Q.; Huang, X. B.; Cheng, Y. Q.; Liu, Y.; Zeng, L. L.;
Cheng, Y. X. J Appl Polym Sci. 2009, 111, 3137. (d) Liu, X.; Zhou, X.; Shu, X.; Zhu, J.
Macromolecules 2009, 42, 7634–7637. (e) Zhang, Y.; Murphy, C. B.; Jones, W. E.
Macromolecules 2002, 35, 630. (f) Rabindranath, A. R.; Maier, A.; Schaer, M.; Tieke, B. Macromol Chem Phys. 2009, 210, 659. (g) Kimura, M.; Horai, T.; Hanabusa, K.;
Shirai, H. Adv. Mater. 1998, 10, 459. (h) Rabindranath, A. M.; Bernd, A. R. T. Adv.
Mater. 2009, 21, 959; (i) Rabindranath, A. M.; Tieke, A. R. B. Chem. Mater. 2009, 21, 3668. (j) Lin, O. S. J.; Duan, Z. H.; Zhang, C. Y.; Bai, H. T. Z. P. Chem. Commun.
2006, 42, 4392; (k) Seguchi, W. S.; Yoshida, H.; Kifune, K.; Tadaki, K.; Shiozaki, T.
H.; Tetrahedron Letters 2005, 46, 8827. (l) Saikia, G.; Iyer, P. K.; Macromolecules 2011, 44, 3753. (m) Dwivedi, A. K.; Saikia, G.; Iyer, P. K. J. Mater. Chem. 2011, 21, 2502.
109. (a) Matuso, S.; Kiyomiya, K.; Kurebe, M. Arch. Toxicol. 1998, 72, 798. (b) Zhang, S.
W.; Swager, T. M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 3420. (c) Laisalmi, M.; Kokki, H.;
Soikkeli, A.; Markkanen, H.; Yli-Hankala, A.; Rosenberg, P.; Lindgren, L.; Acta Anaesthesiol. Scand. 2006, 50, 982. (d) Liu, B.; Tian, H.; J. Mater. Chem. 2005, 15, 2681. (e) Huang, W.; Li, Y.; Yang, Z.; Lin, H.; Lin, H. Spectrochimica Acta Part A.
2011, 79, 471. (f) Berryman, O. B.; Sather, A. C.; Jr, J. R. Organic Letters 2011, 13, 5232. (g) Tong, H.; Wang, L.; Jing, X.; Wang, F. Macromolecules 2003, 36, 2584. (h) Zhou, G.; Cheng, Y.; Wang, L.; Jing, X.; Wang, F. Macromolecules 2005, 38, 2148; (i) Bao, Y.; Liu, B.; Wang, J.; Tian, H. R. Bai, Chem. Commun. 2011, 47, 3957.
110. (a) Denisova, A. S.; Degtyareva, M. B.; Dem’yanchuk, E. M.; Simanova, A. A.
Russian J. Org. Chem. 2005, 41, 1690. (b) Amb, C. M.; Beaujuge, P. M.; Reynolds, J.
R. Adv. Mater. 2010, 22, 724.
141
111. Beek, R. V.; Zoombelt, A. P.; Jenneskens, L. W.; Walree, C. A.V.; Donega, C. M.;
Veldman, D.; Janssen, R. A. J. Chem. Eur. J. 2006, 12, 8075.
112. (a) Denisova, A. S.; Degtyareva, M. B.; Dem’yanchuk, E. M.; Simanova, A. A.;
Russian J. Org. Chem. 2005, 41, 1690. (b) Edelmann, M. J.; Raimundo, J. M.; Utesch, N. F.; Diederich, F. Helvetica Chemica Acta. 2002, 85, 2195. (c) Amb, C. M.; Beaujuge, P. M.; Reynolds, J. R. Adv. Mater. 2010, 22, 724.
113. (a) Chan, S. H.; Chen, C. P.; Chao, T. C.; Ting, C.; Lin, C. S.; Ko, B. T.
Macromolecules 2008, 41, 5519. (b) Jung, I. H.; Yu, J.; Jeong, E.; Kwon, S.; Kong, H.;
Lee, K.; Woo, H. Y.; Shim, H. K. Chem. Eur. J. 2010, 16, 3743. (c) Chen, C. P.; Chan, S. H.; Chao, T. C.; Ting, C.; Ko, B. T. J. am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130, 12828. (d) Xu, Y.
Pang, Y. Chem. Commun. 2010, 46, 4070. (e) Atilgan, S.; Ozdemir, T.; Akkaya, E. U.
Organic Letters 2010, 12, 4792. (f) Wu, P. T.; Xin, H.; Kim, F. S.; Ren, G.; Jenekhe, S.
A. Macromolecules. 2009, 42, 8817. (g) Yue, W.; Zhao, Y.; Tian, H.; Song, D.; Xie, Z.;
Yan, D.; Geng, Y.; Wang, F. Macromolecules. 2009, 42, 6510. (h) Liu, X.; Shu, X.;
Zhou, X.; Zhang, X.; Zhu, J.; J. Phys. Chem. A. 2010, 114, 13370.
114. (a) Huang, J. H.; Li, K. C.; Kekuda, D.; Padhy, H. H.; Lin, H. C.; Ho, K. C.; Chu, C.
W. J. Mater. Chem., 2010, 20, 3295. (b) Kleinhenz, N.; Yang, L.; Zhou, H.; Price, S. C.;
You, W. Macromolecules 2011, 44, 872. (c) Zou, Y. P.; Gendron, D.; Badrou-Aich, R.;
Najari, A.; Tao, Y.; Leclerc, M. Macromolecules 2009, 42, 2891.
115. (a) Mameli, M.; Aragoni, M. C.; Arca, M.; Caltagirone, C.; Demartin, F.; Farruggia, G.;
Filippo, G. D.; Devillanova, F. A.; Garau, A.; Isaia, F.; Lippolis, V.; Murgia, S.; Prodi, L.; Pintus, A.; Zaccheroni, N. Chem. Eur. J. 2010, 16, 919. (b) Shen, L.; Lu, X.; Tian, H.; Zhu, W. Macromolecules 2011, 44, 5612. (c) Borisov, S. M.; Wolfbeis, O. S.;
Chem. Rev. 2008, 108, 423; (d) Hembury, G. A.; Borovkov, V. V.; Inoue, Y.; Chem.
Rev. 2008, 108, 1.
116. (a) Satapathy, R.; Wu, Y. H.; Lin, H. C. Chem. Commun. 2012, DOI:
10.1039/C2CC31131C; (b) Yang, P. J.; Chu, H. C.; Chen, T. C.; Lin, H. C. J. Mater.
142
Chem. 2012, DOI: 10.1039/C2JM31367G; (c) Chu, H. C.; Lee, Y. H.; Hsu, S. J.; Yang, P. J.; Yabushita, A.; Lin, H. C. J. Phys. Chem. B, 2011, 115, 8845.
117. (a) Erkkila, K. E.; Odom, D. T.; Barton, J. K. Chem. ReV. 1999, 99, 2777-2795. (b) Barigelletti, F.; Flamigni, L. Chem. Soc. ReV. 2000, 29, 1-12. (c) Laine´, P.; Bedioui, F.;
Amouyal, E.; Albin, V.; Burruyer-Penaud, F. Chem.-Eur. J. 2002, 8, 3162-3176. (d) Ott, S.; Kritikos, M.; A kermark, B.; Sun, L. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2003, 42, 3285-3288.
(e) Andres, P. R.; Schubert, U. S. AdV. Mater. 2004, 16, 1043-1068. (f) Hofmeier, H.;
Schubert, U. S. Chem. Soc. ReV. 2004, 33, 373-399. (g) Bianke´, G.; Häner, R.
ChemBioChem 2004, 5, 1063-1068. (h) Schmittel, M.; Kalsani, V.; Kishore, R. S. K.;
Cӧlfen, H.; Bats, J. W. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127,11544-11545. (i) Schmittel, M.;
Kalsani, V.; Mal, P.; Bats, J. W. Inorg. Chem. 2006, 45, 6370-6377. (j) Hwang, S. H.;
Moorefield, C. N.; Dai, L.; Newkome, G. R. Chem. Mater. 2006, 18, 4019-4022.
118. Gohy, J.-F.; Lohmeijer, B. G. G.; Schubert, U. S. Chem Eur J., 2003, 9, 3472–3479.
119. (a) Lehn, J.-M. Supramolecular Chemistry, Concept and PerspectiVes, VCH:
Weinheim, 1995. (b) Newkome, G. R.; He, E.; Moorefield, C. N. Chem. ReV. 1999, 99, 1689-1746. (c) Schubert, U. S.; Eschbaumer, C. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2002, 41, 2892-2926. (d) Newkome, G. R.; Wang, P.; Moorefield, C.; Cho, T. J.; Mohapatra, P.
P.; Li, S.; Hwang, S.-H.; Lukoyanova, O.; Echegoyen, L.; Palagallo, J. A.; Lancu, V.;
Hla, S.-W. Science 2006, 312, 1782-1785. (e) Flores-Torres, S.; Hutchison, G. R.;
Soltzberg, L. J.; Abrun˜a, H. D. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 1513-1522. (f) Bonnet, S.;
Collin, J. P.; Koizumi, M.; Mobian, P.; Sauvage, J. P. Adv. Mater. 2006, 18, 1239.
120. (a) Cheng, K. W.; Mak, C. S. C.; Chan, W. K.; Ng, A. M. C.; Djurii, A. B.; J. Polym.
Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem., 2008, 46, 1305. (b) Man, K. K. Y.; Wong, H. L.; Chan, W.
K.; Kwong C. Y.; Djurisic, A. B. Chem. Mater., 2004, 16, 365–367; (c) P. D. Vellis, J.
A. Mikroyannidis, C. N. Lo and C. S. Hsu, J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem., 2008, 46, 7702. (d) V. Duprez, M. Biancardo, H. Spanggaard and F. C. Krebs, Macromolecules, 2005, 38, 10436–10448; (e) O. Hagemann, M. Jørgensen and F. C.
143
Krebs, J. Org. Chem., 2006, 71, 5546–5559. (f) K. K. Y. Man, H. L. Wong, W. K.
Chan, A. B. Djurisic, E. Beach and S. Rozeveld, Langmuir, 2006, 22, 3368–3375; (g) Y.
Pan, B. Tong, J. Shi, W. Zhao, J. Shen, J. Zhi and Y. Dong, J. Phys. Chem. C, 2010, 114, 8040–8047; (h) V. Stepanenko, M. Stocker, P. M€uller, M. B€uchner and F.
W€urthner, J. Mater. Chem., 2009, 19, 6816–6826.
121. (a) Vellis, P. D.; Mikroyannidis, J. A.; Lo, C. N.; Hsu, C. S. J. Polym. Sci. Part A:
Polym. Chem. 2008, 46, 7702. (b) Vellis, P. D.; Mikroyannidis, J. A.; Lo, C. N.; Hsu, C.
S. J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem. 2008, 46, 7702. (c) Padhy, H.; Sahu, D.; Chiang, I. H.; Patra, D.; Kekuda, D.; Chu, C. W.; Lin, H. C. J. Mater. Chem. 2011, 21, 1196. (d) Padhy, H.; Ramesh, M.; Patra, D.; Satapathy, R.; Pola, M. K.; Chu, H. C.; Chu, C. W.;
Wei, K. H.; Lin, H. C. Macromolecular Rapid Comm. doi:10.1002/marc.201100752 122. (a) Kline, R. J.; McGehee, M. D.; Kadnikova, E. N.; Liu, J. S.; Fre´chet, J. M. J. Ad V .
Mater. 2003, 15, 1519. (b) Schilinsky, P.; Asawapirom, U.; Scherf, U.; Biele, M.;
Brabec, C. J. Chem. Mater. 2005, 17, 2175. (c) Yang, X. N.; Loos, J.; Veenstra, S. C.;
Verhees, W. J. H.; Wienk, M. M.; Kroon, J. M.; Michels, M. A. J.; Janssen, R. A. J.
Nano Letters 2005, 5, 579. (d) Kopidakis, N.; Mitchell, W. J.; van de Lagemaat, J.;
Ginley, D. S.; Rumbles, G.; Shaheen, S. E.; Rance, W. L. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2006, 89, 103524.
123. (a) Hasobe, T.; Kashiwagi, Y.; Absalom, M. A.; Sly, J.; Hosomizu, K.; Crossley, M. J.;
Imahori, H.; Kamat, P. V.; Fukuzumi, S. Adv . Mater. 2004, 16, 946. (b) Bettignies, R.;
Nicolas, Y.; Blanchard, P.; Levillain, E.; Nunzi, J.-M.; Roncali, J. Adv. Mater, 2003, 15, 1939. (c) Satoh, N.; Nakashima, T.; Yamamoto, K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 13030.
124. (a) Newkome G. R.; Moorefield C.N.; Vӧgtle, F. Dendrimers and dendrons: concepts, syntheses, applications. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH; 2001.(a) Fre´chet J. M. J.; Tomalia D. A. Dendrimers and other dendritic polymers. Chi-chester: Wiley; 2002. (c) Kawa, M.; Fre´chet, J. M. J.; Chem Mater 1998, 10, 286. (d) Hawker C. J.; Frechet J. M. J. J
144
Am Chem Soc 1992,114, 8405. (e) Maraval, V.; Laurent, R.; Donnadieu, B.; Mauzac, M.; Caminade, A. M.; Majoral, J. P.; J Am Chem Soc 2000, 122, 2499.
Curriculam Vitae
145
PERSONAL DETAILS:
Name : Rudrakanta Satapathy
E-Mail :
[email protected]Date of Birth : 12
thAugust 1984
Nationality : Indian Marital Status : Unmarried
ADDRESS TO COMMUNICATE:
C/O- Rabinarayan Satapathy
At/Po - Chhatia.(Chhatia Champapur Road) Dist - Jajpur
Pin- 754023 Orissa, India.
Email: [email protected], [email protected]
EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATION:
Degree Subject Institution Year Grade
Doctor of
I have qualified National Eligibility Test (NET) held on june 2006 (LS) and 2007 (UGC JRF) by CSIR, INDIA.
ADDITIONAL WORK EXPERIENCE:
146
Dec-2006 to Feb-2008: Research experience in R &D Sector of Chemgen
Pharma International (C.R.O). My work was involved in dealing with different projects of multinational companies, which implicates development of new synthetic methods and synthesis of organic drug molecules via retro synthetic analysis.
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS: