Template for Age Group

To construct the age template in different groups, we want to compare the structure difference from human growing. As we want to observe the phenomenon following with age growing, we divide the subjects from database by their ages for 10-year as a boundary.

The subject group divide into six subject groups and the data has shown in table 4.1. We construct six age template images based on each age group of subject images. Fig. 4.12 shows that the study-specific template image provide better accuracy of image registration as the warped with higher similarity. The subject numbers from each age group is inconsis-tent. From the result which shows from Fig. 4.12, the subject group with less study-specific subjects had significant higher correlation when mapping to their own constructed template image, such as age group in 10-19 and 60-69. Due to the template image is constructed by averaged of all warped images. The averaged image with less warped image will bias to those subject images of warped images. This could also shows the importance of

study-66 Discussion

Figure 5.3: Total intracranial volume (TIV) of different genders and ages. Upper left shows the tendency of TIV following with distinct genders and ages. Upper right displays the brain volume of cerebrospinal fluid with distinct genders and ages. Lower left shows in grey matter and lower right shows in white matter.

specific template image when the numbers of study subject images are not large enough.

As the same study of the variation between different gender in brain structure, table 5.4 shows TIV in different age group. The numbers of subject in each age group is shown in table 4.1. From the reference study in 1995 [4] and 2004 [5], both study also divide the subject group from 16-year-old for 10 years as the boundary. Fig. 5.2 shows the comparison of these two different studies. The study from D.D. Blatter et al. [4] in 1995 include 194 normal subjects with 105 females and 89 males. The study from R.L. Buckner et al. [5]

with 147 healthy subjects and 90 of them are females and 57 are male subjects.

5.3 Study Specific Templates 67

Age Group

10-19 20-29 30-39 40-49 50-59

TIV 1544.748 1570.608 1526.602 1518.713 1510.741 Std. 126.552 140.549 140.549 126.836 138.518

Table 5.4: Total intracranial volume (TIV) of different age group. TIV contain the brain volume of grey matter, white matter and cerebrospinal fluid. Table 4.1 shows the subject numbers and average age of each group.

68 Discussion

Chapter 6

Conclusions

70 Conclusions

In this study, we have developed a construction procedure of customized brain template based on study-specific subject images. All construction procedures were depended on the subject images from our data base without using any well-known template images. The constructed brain template BTT216 with five kinds of brain template images, including whole-brain, brain-only, gray matter, white matter, and cerebrospinal fluid images.

The construction procedure has contained the outlier criterion which removes the sub-ject image may cause large deformation in image registration. Consider the magnitude of scaling and shearing as outlier factors from affine registration. If the translation of scal-ing or shearscal-ing from individual subject image to template image is larger than the outlier boundary we have defined, this individual subject image will be considered as outlier image and removed from the construction procedure.

The comparison with well-known brain template, ICBM152, we have obtained better performance in the evaluation method. We have verified the template variation from the warped images by mapped the subject images into different template images. The correla-tion between the warped images mapped into BTT216 with higher value and the average magnitude of deformation field with lower variation. Besides, we also have constructed the study-specific template image based on different gender group and group of age. The importance of these specific template image have supported from the calculation of total intracranial volume.

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