Appendix 2
Age Physical Intellectual Language Social and emotional 3 to 4
years
1. Able to go up to the slide and climbing frame.
2. Able to ride a tricycle.
3. Able to kick a slowly moving ball.
4. Able to catch a big ball being thrown to them.
5. Able to walk upstairs with alternate foot.
6. Able to walk along a line or on footprints.
7. Able to cross legs when sitting.
8. Able to hammer wooden blocks.
9. Use scissors to cut paper strips.
10. Use fingers to glue things.
11. Able to build up a pillar of nine pieces of toy bricks.
12. Use three pieces of wood to make a bridge.
13. Begin to hold a pencil properly to do drawing.
14. Try to fill colour in a random manner.
15. Able to draw a cross and inclined line by imitation.
16. Able to screw on a cap.
1. Able to put five rings onto a stick in sequence of their sizes upon two attempts.
2. Able to match three to four colours and identify their names.
3. Able to distinguish between two objects by their sizes, length, texture, hardness.
4. Begin to understand the concept of sequence, and able to make pattern with toy bricks or beads according to sequence.
5. Begin to know how to classify and match objects like food, clothes, and able to associate objects according to their uses, such as shoes with socks and cups with plates.
6. Able to recall three numbers just heard.
7. Able to find two objects by memory.
8. Know their own names, sex and age.
9. Able to differentiate male and female.
1. Able to
understand some rather abstract words like “same/
different”, “open/
close”, “top/
bottom” and “in/
out”.
2. Understand the meaning of
“pretending”.
3. Pay attention when hearing stories, like to ask adults to repeat telling their favourite stories.
4. Begin to give a chronological account of incidents that happened in the past.
5. Able to describe with appropriate actions and voices.
1. Begin to expand their social lives and interests outside their families and enjoy outdoor activities.
2. Able to play with toys alone without adults’ company.
3. Able to eat with a spoon.
4. Able to get water from a bottle.
5. Understand that they have to clean their mouths after meals.
6. Able to go to toilet on their own in day time, wetting seldom happens.
7. Know how to put on and pull down their trousers.
8. Able to wash hands with soap, though adult assistance in drying their hands is still required.
9. Barely manage to dress and undress their loose outer clothes.
10. Able to undo big buttons.
11. Try putting clothes on hangers.
12. Begin to understand the concept of danger, and know that they should not approach fire, boiling water, etc.
13. Will not walk out to the middle of a road when going out.
Age Physical Intellectual Language Social and emotional 3 to 4
years
10. Able to draw a person with head and some body parts.
11. Able to assemble puzzles of six pieces.
12. Able to recite from one to ten.
13. Able to count from one to three or four.
6. Know how to control the
volume and speed when speaking.
7. Able to use words like “here”,
“there”, “you and me”, etc.
8. Mainly use nouns, verbs and sometimes adjectives in speech.
9. Begin to ask with
“what”, “where”
and “who”.
10. Able to sing nursery rhymes together with actions, though the pronunciation is still not clear, people (including strangers) can understand their words pretty well.
14. Like to join games led by adults, able to follow rules of games.
15. Will take turns when playing toys.
16. Know what belongs to them and what does not.
17. Know that they should care for younger children and are willing to share toys with others.
18. Able to accept adults’ advice, regard parents as authority and obey orders.
19. Begin to learn to show courtesy, able to say “please” and “thank you” as told.
20. Know how to call “grandmother”
and “grandfather”.
Age Physical Intellectual Language Social and emotional 4 to 5
years
1. Able to jump forward and backward successively, with one foot and while running.
2. Able to throw and catch bean bags.
3. Walk on a balance beam.
4. Able to throw balls.
5. Able to pick up objects on the ground while running.
6. When swimming, able to walk on shallow water or float on floater.
7. Play confidently with slides, climbing frames and swings.
8. Begin to do simple paper cutting and pasting.
9. Able to cut simple pattern.
10. Able to thread beads.
1. Begin to understand the concept of time, able to tell what they usually do in the morning, afternoon and evening.
2. Begin to understand position and speed, e.g. able to distinguish front and back, fast and slow, middle and the first and the last, etc.
3. Pay attention to their
environment, able to point out the missing part in a picture.
4. Able to point out what is inconsistent in a picture.
5. Able to identify things and events by sound.
6. Able to imitate voices of animals.
7. Able to distinguish between living things (e.g. cat, dog, tree) and non-living things (e.g. toy, cup and plate).
8. Able to place furniture in the appropriate room.
1. Begin to understand the difference between “past”
and “present”.
2. Able to speak fairly fluently and clearly.
3. Begin to express themselves with complex or much longer sentences.
4. Able to talk about experiences in everyday life.
5. Able to tell stories from pictures.
6. Able to use words like “because-therefore”,
“some”,
“several”, “many”
appropriately in conversation.
8. Able to tell the colour of a particular object, like: banana is yellow.
9. Able to talk about people of different occupations and their responsibilities.
1. Begin to dress and undress, clean their noses, wash and dry their hands by themselves.
2. Learn how to brush their teeth and eat with chopsticks.
3. Able to help cleaning up the dining table after meals.
4. Able to clean up dirt with a piece of cloth.
5. Able to get up to the toilet at night, no more wetting.
6. Able to be self-disciplined and stay within a confined area even without adults’ supervision.
7. Willing to observe rules of the games when playing with other children.
8. Able to take care of younger children and small animals and console their companion when they feel unhappy.
Age Physical Intellectual Language Social and emotional 4 to 5
years
11. Able to construct a small tower with six pieces of toy bricks by imitation.
12. Able to draw simple pictures such as people, houses, trees, vehicles, etc.
13. Able to fold a piece of paper along an inclined line.
14. Able to stick several pieces of plasticine together.
15. Able to draw quadrilaterals.
9. Able to point out a different type of object.
10. Able to recall four things in a picture just seen.
11. Able to follow order to perform three actions in succession.
12. Able to tell which of the three things just seen are missing.
13. Able to recite from one to twenty, count from one to ten or follow instructions to show one to five things.
14. Able to draw a man with head, body, limbs and features of the face.
15. Able to assemble puzzles of eight pieces.
16. Able to identify simple and common signs, like road signs and shop plates.
10. Like asking for explanations of things they don’t understand.
11. Begin to ask with
“why”, “when”,
“how”, etc.
12. Able to read simple words.
13. Able to use opposite/
complementary words and sentences.
14. Able to solve simple quizzes like: “I have four legs, a tail, like to eat fish, can catch mouse, who am I?”.
15. Able to single out a word of different nature: e.g. “cow, goat, dog, car”.
9. Have vague concepts of right and wrong, only know that they will be punished for bad behaviour and will be praised for good behaviour.
10. Know how to say “thank you”,“sorry”.
11. Able to get along with strangers in conversation and without timidity.
12. Able to receive telephone calls and help adults do simple tasks at home.
Age Physical Intellectual Language Social and emotional 5 to 6
years
1. Able to hold a ball while running, kick a moving ball or play ball with a racket.
2. Able to play on their own on a swing.
3. Able to climb a string-ladder.
4. Able to run well by their toes swiftly and take quick bends.
5. Able to walk up and down stairs alone with alternate foot.
6. Able to fast run a distance of fifty feet, without feeling tired.
7. Able to nail with a hammer.
8. Able to hold objects weighing over ten pounds.
9. Able to fill colour in an assigned area when paying attention.
10. Able to sharpen pencils with a sharpener.
1. Able to put things of different length, height, width and size in correct order easily.
2. Able to name different colours and shapes of common objects.
3. Able to draw a rhombus and a triangle by imitation.
4. Able to play simple puzzle games.
5. Able to recall five numbers just seen or heard.
6. Able to tell the general
contents of pictures just seen.
7. Able to repeat three acts from a story just heard.
8. Able to count from one to twenty, write from one to ten.
9. Able to place one to five in terms of quantity in correct sequence.
10. Able to tell the order and position of an object. (e.g. the first, the second).
1. Grammar and structure of
children’s language are more or less the same as adults.
2. Able to
communicate with family members or peers without difficulty.
3. Able to speak up in turn without digressing from the subject.
4. Able to give a logical account of what has happened recently.
5. Able to use words like “although”,
“however”, “but”, though sometimes inappropriately.
6. Begin to understand the difference of
“yesterday”, “today”
and “tomorrow” . 7. Understand words
like in/out, far/near, bottom/top, enter/
leave, start/end, etc.
8. Able to talk back, protest or even scold others when frustrated.
1. Able to set up dining utensils for meal.
2. Able to eat and pick up food with chopsticks.
3. Know how to choose suitable clothes.
4. Able to comb their hair.
5. If trained, able to clean up themselves after going to the toilet.
6. Able to do simple housework, like tidying up their own clothes.
7. Able to turn on/off television and select their favourite programmes.
8. Know how to cross the road carefully.
9. Know how to ask for help when losing their way.
10. Able to tell their own home telephone number and address.
Age Physical Intellectual Language Social and emotional 5 to 6
years
11. Able to draw straight lines with a ruler.
12. Able to erase with an eraser without tearing the paper.
13. Able to cut out a pattern from a book.
14. Able to fold a piece of paper into half and then further half.
15. Able to put small beans into a bottle.
16. Able to thread shoelaces.
17. Able to follow instructions to construct a three-step stair with big square toy bricks.
18. Able to construct a stair with ten pieces of toy bricks by imitation.
11. Able to tell immediately the quantity of four or below.
12. Understand the difference between “half of a piece” and
“one full piece”.
13. Able to show the exact quantity of a given number of ten or below.
14. Able to do simple
mathematical addition and subtraction.
15. Able to read and understand ten of commonly used words.
9. Able to express feelings with appropriate words.
10. Able to describe a picture.
11. Use different adjectives to describe a person or an object.
12. Able to tell their own date of birth.
13. Able to briefly describe four seasons.
14. Begin to understand the concept of calendar and time.
15. Able to tell the year, month, day and week. Able to tell the time
(e.g. 3 o’clock, 4 o’clock) by looking at a clock, but depending on whether they are given the chance to learn.
11. Able to play games which require co-operation with several peers, understand the principle of fair play and the need to follow group decisions, also able to explain rules of the game to other children.
12. Begin to choose companions that they like.
13. Able to play competitive games like chess.
14. Able to use public toilets alone if required.