Figure 4. Representative of male left pedipalps of genera Octonoba, Philoponella,
Uloborus and Zosis in Taiwan, ventral view. A. O. taiwanica; B. Z. geniculata, male;
C. P. prominens; D. U. walckenaerius. Scale bars = 0.2 mm.
Figure 5. Representative epigyna of genera Octonoba, Philoponella, Uloborus and
Zosis in Taiwan, ventral view. A. O. spinosa; B. Z. geniculata, male; C. U.
walckenaerius; D. P. prominens. Scale bars = 0.2 mm.
Figure 6. Precedures for making the chromosomes.
Figure 7. Hyptiotes affinis Bösenberg et Strand, 1906, male (NTNUB-Ar 18191). A.
Carapace and abdomen, dorsal view; B. Left chelicerae, ventral view; C. Left palp, retrolateral view; D. Left palp, prolateral view. Scales: A = 1 mm; B = 0.1 mm; C–D
= 0.2 mm.
Figure 8. Hyptiotes affinis Bösenberg et Strand, 1906, female (NTNUB-Ar 18190). A.
Carapace and abdomen, dorsal view; B. Left chelicerae, ventral view; C. Epigynum, ventral view; D. Vulva, dorsal view. Scales: A = 1 mm; B = 0.1 mm; C–D = 0.2 mm.
Figure 9. Miagrammopes bifurcatus Dong, Yan, Zhu et Song, 2004, male
(NTNUB-Ar 10285). A. Carapace and abdomen, dorsal view; B. Left chelicerae, ventral view; C. Left palp, retrolateral view; D. Left palp, prolateral view. Scales: A = 1 mm; B = 0.1 mm; C–D = 0.2 mm.
Figure 10. Miagrammopes oblongus Yoshida, 1982b, male (NTNUB-Ar 14301). A.
Carapace and abdomen, dorsal view; B. Left chelicerae, ventral view; C. Left palp, retrolateral view; D. Left palp, prolateral view. Scales: A = 1 mm; B = 0.1 mm; C–D
= 0.2 mm.
Figure 11. Miagrammopes oblongus Yoshida, 1982b, female (NTNUB-Ar 14300). A.
Carapace and abdomen, dorsal view; B. Left chelicerae, ventral view; C. Epigynum, ventral view; D. Vulva, dorsal view. Scales: A = 1 mm; B = 0.1 mm; C–D = 0.2 mm.
Figure 12. Miagrammopes orientalis Bösenberg et Strand, 1906, male (NTNUB-Ar 945). A. Carapace and abdomen, dorsal view; B. Left chelicerae, ventral view; C. Left palp, retrolateral view; D. Left palp, prolateral view. Scales: A = 1 mm; B = 0.1 mm;
Figure 13. Miagrammopes orientalis Bösenberg et Strand, 1906, female (NTNUB-Ar 19059). A. Carapace and abdomen, dorsal view; B. Left chelicerae, ventral view; C.
Epigynum, ventral view; D. Vulva, dorsal view. Scales: A = 1 mm; B = 0.1 mm; C–D
= 0.2 mm.
Figure 14. Octonoba albicola Yoshida, 2012, male (NTNUB-Ar 44839). A. Carapace and abdomen, dorsal view; B. Left chelicerae, ventral view; C. Left palp, ventral view;
D. Left palp, retrolateral view; E. Left palp, prolateral view. Scales: A = 1 mm; B = 0.1 mm; C–E = 0.2 mm.
Figure 15. Octonoba albicola Yoshida, 2012, female (NTNUB-Ar 44840). A.
Carapace and abdomen, dorsal view; B. Left chelicerae, ventral view; C. Epigynum, ventral view; D. Vulva, dorsal view. Scales: A = 1 mm; B = 0.1 mm; C–D = 0.2 mm.
Figure 16. Octonoba alishanensis sp. nov., female (NTNUB-Ar 17384). A. Carapace and abdomen, dorsal view; B. Left chelicerae, ventral view; C. Epigynum, anterior view; D. Epigynum, ventral view; E. Vulva, dorsal view. Scales: A = 1 mm; B = 0.1 mm; C–E = 0.2 mm.
Figure 17. Octonoba biforata Zhu, Sha et Chen, 1989, male (NTNUB-Ar 10510). A.
Carapace and abdomen, dorsal view; B. Left chelicerae, ventral view; C. Left palp, ventral view; D. Left palp, retrolateral view; E. Left palp, prolateral view. Scales: A = 1 mm; B = 0.1 mm; C–E = 0.2 mm.
Figure 18. Octonoba biforata Zhu, Sha et Chen, 1989, female (NTNUB-Ar 17336). A.
Carapace and abdomen, dorsal view; B. Left chelicerae, ventral view; C. Epigynum, ventral view; D. Vulva, dorsal view. Scales: A = 1 mm; B = 0.1 mm; C–D = 0.2 mm.
Figure 19. Octonoba kentingensis Yoshida, 2012, female (NTNUB-Ar 12166). A.
Carapace and abdomen, dorsal view; B. Left chelicerae, ventral view; C. Epigynum, anteroventral view; D. Epigynum, posteroventral view; E. Vulva, dorsal view. Scales:
A = 1 mm; B = 0.1 mm; C–D = 0.2 mm.
Figure 20. Octonoba kuanwuensis sp. nov., male (NTNUB-Ar 9756). A. Carapace and abdomen, dorsal view; B. Left chelicerae, ventral view; C. Left palp, ventral view;
D. Left palp, retrolateral view; E. Left palp, prolateral view. Scales: A = 1 mm; B = 0.1 mm; C–E = 0.2 mm.
Figure 21. Octonoba lanyuensis Yoshida, 2012., male (NTNUB-Ar 12941). A.
Carapace and abdomen, dorsal view; B. Left chelicerae, ventral view; C. Left palp, ventral view; D. Left palp, retrolateral view; E. Left palp, prolateral view. Scales: A = 1 mm; B = 0.1 mm; C–E = 0.2 mm.
Figure 22. Octonoba senkakuensis Yoshida, 1983b, male (NTNUB-Ar 36581). A.
Carapace and abdomen, dorsal view; B. Left chelicerae, ventral view; C. Left palp, ventral view; D. Left palp, retrolateral view; E. Left palp, prolateral view. Scales: A = 1 mm; B = 0.1 mm; C–E = 0.2 mm.
Figure 23. Octonoba senkakuensis Yoshida, 1983b, female (NTNUB-Ar 36582). A.
Carapace and abdomen, dorsal view; B. Left chelicerae, ventral view; C. Epigynum, ventral view; D. Vulva, dorsal view. Scales: A = 1 mm; B = 0.1 mm; C–D = 0.2 mm.
Figure 24. Octonoba spinosa Yoshida, 1982a, male (NTNUB-Ar 38858). A. Carapace and abdomen, dorsal view; B. Left chelicerae, ventral view; C. Left palp, ventral view;
D. Left palp, retrolateral view; E. Left palp, prolateral view. Scales: A = 1 mm; B = 0.1 mm; C–E = 0.2 mm.
Figure 25. Octonoba spinosa Yoshida, 1982a, female (NTNUB-Ar 38859). A.
Carapace and abdomen, dorsal view; B. Left chelicerae, ventral view; C. Epigynum, ventral view; D. Vulva, dorsal view. Scales: A = 1 mm; B = 0.1 mm; C–D = 0.2 mm.
Figure 26. Octonoba taiwanica Yoshida, 1982a, male (NTNUB-Ar 11031). A.
Carapace and abdomen, dorsal view; B. Left chelicerae, ventral view; C. Left palp, ventral view; D. Left palp, retrolateral view; E. Left palp, prolateral view. Scales: A = 1 mm; B = 0.1 mm; C–E = 0.2 mm.
Figure 27. Octonoba taiwanica Yoshida, 1982a, female (NTNUB-Ar 10133). A.
Carapace and abdomen, dorsal view; B. Left chelicerae, ventral view; C. Epigynum, ventral view; D. Vulva, dorsal view. Scales: A = 1 mm; B = 0.1 mm; C–D = 0.2 mm.
Figure 28. Philoponella nigromaculata Yoshida, 1992, male (NTNUB-Ar 14874). A.
Carapace and abdomen, dorsal view; B. Left chelicerae, ventral view; C. Left palp, ventral view; D. Left palp, retrolateral view; E. Left palp, prolateral view. Scales: A = 1 mm; B = 0.1 mm; C–E = 0.2 mm.
Figure 29. Philoponella nigromaculata Yoshida, 1992, female (NTNUB-Ar 13133). A.
Carapace and abdomen, dorsal view; B. Left chelicerae, ventral view; C. Epigynum, ventral view; D. Vulva, dorsal view. Scales: A = 1 mm; B = 0.1 mm; C–D = 0.2 mm.
Figure 30. Philoponella prominens (Bösenberg et Strand, 1906), male (NTNUB-Ar 13464). A. Carapace and abdomen, dorsal view; B. Left chelicerae, ventral view; C.
Left palp, ventral view; D. Left palp, retrolateral view; E. Left palp, prolateral view.
Scales: A = 1 mm; B = 0.1 mm; C–E = 0.2 mm.
Figure 31. Philoponella prominens (Bösenberg et Strand, 1906), female (NTNUB-Ar 13471). A. Carapace and abdomen, dorsal view; B. Left chelicerae, ventral view; C.
Epigynum, ventral view; D. Vulva, dorsal view. Scales: A = 1 mm; B = 0.1 mm; C–D
= 0.2 mm.
Figure 32. Uloborus lushanensis sp. nov., male (NTNUB-Ar 17395). A. Carapace and abdomen, dorsal view; B. Left chelicerae, ventral view; C. Left palp, ventral view; D.
Left palp, retrolateral view; E. Left palp, prolateral view. Scales: A = 1 mm; B = 0.1 mm; C–E = 0.2 mm.
Figure 33. Uloborus penicillatoides Xie, Peng, Zhang, Gong et Kim, 1997, male (NTNUB-Ar 14401). A. Carapace and abdomen, dorsal view; B. Left chelicerae, ventral view; C. Left palp, ventral view; D. Left palp, retrolateral view; E. Left palp, prolateral view. Scales: A = 1 mm; B = 0.1 mm; C–E = 0.2 mm.
Figure 34. Uloborus penicillatoides Xie, Peng, Zhang, Gong et Kim, 1997, female (NTNUB-Ar 14402). A. Carapace and abdomen, dorsal view; B. Left chelicerae, ventral view; C. Left leg I, retrolateral view; D. Epigynum, ventral view; E. Vulva, dorsal view; F. Vulva, dorsal view (NTNUB-Ar 48295). Scales: A = 1 mm; B = 0.1
Figure 35. Uloborus taiwanus sp. nov., female (NTNUB-Ar 36542). A. Carapace and abdomen, dorsal view; B. Left chelicerae, ventral view; C. Epigynum, ventral view; D.
Vulva, dorsal view. Scales: A = 1 mm; B = 0.1 mm; C–D = 0.2 mm.
Figure 36. Uloborus walckenaerius Latreille, 1806, male (NTNUB-Ar 48360). A.
Carapace and abdomen, dorsal view; B. Left chelicerae, ventral view; C. Left palp, ventral view; D. Left palp, retrolateral view; E. Left palp, prolateral view. Scales: A = 1 mm; B = 0.1 mm; C–E = 0.2 mm.
Figure 37. Uloborus walckenaerius Latreille, 1806, female (NTNUB-Ar 48362). A.
Carapace and abdomen, dorsal view; B. Left chelicerae, ventral view; C. Epigynum, ventral view; D. Vulva, dorsal view. Scales: A = 1 mm; B = 0.1 mm; C–D = 0.2 mm.
Figure 38. Uloborus wulaiensis sp. nov., female (NTNUB-Ar 31090). A. Carapace and abdomen, dorsal view; B. Left chelicerae, ventral view; C. Epigynum, ventral view; D. Vulva, dorsal view. Scales: A = 1 mm; B = 0.1 mm; C–D = 0.2 mm.
Figure 39. Zosis geniculata (Oliver, 1789), male (NTNUB-Ar 35101). A. Carapace and abdomen, dorsal view; B. Left chelicerae, ventral view; C. Left palp, ventral view;
D. Left palp, retrolateral view; E. Left palp, prolateral view. Scales: A = 1 mm; B = 0.1 mm; C–E = 0.2 mm.
Figure 40. Zosis geniculata (Oliver, 1789), female (NTNUB-Ar 35113). A. Carapace and abdomen, dorsal view; B. Left chelicerae, ventral view; C. Epigynum, ventral view; D. Vulva, dorsal view. Scales: A = 1 mm; B = 0.1 mm; C–D = 0.2 mm.