Order Amphipoda

A total of 73 species of the order Amphipoda were identified and included in the guidebook.

Of these, 60 species are considered to be new records for Kuwait and 55 species are recorded for the first time for the Arabian Gulf, whereas 19 species are considered as the first description of the new for science species Al-Yamani et al.

(2019). Al-Yamani et al. (2012) listed several species of amphipods from Kuwait along with high quality illustrations. Seven new species of Amphipoda were described from Kuwait (Myers &

Nithyanandan, 2016).

Table 19: Amphipods reported from Kuwait (* = described from Kuwait)

Family Species

Ampeliscidae Ampelisca euroa Lowry & Poore, 1985 Ampelisca sp. 1

Ampelisca sp. 2 cf. brevicornis Ampelisca sp. 3 cf. misakiensis Ampelisca sp. 4 cf. rubella Ampelisca sp. 5 cf. taynamensis Ampelisca sp. 6 cf. tulearensis 7 Byblis sp.

Amphilochidae Apolochus sp. 1 cf. kailua Apolochus sp. 2 cf. menehune

Figure 26: Cover for the field guide of Amphipods of Kuwait.

Cymadusa setosa (Haswell, 1879) Biancolina sp.

Aoridae Bemlos acuticoxa Myers & Nithyanandan, 2016*

Globosolembos indicus (Ledoyer, 1967) Grandidierella gilesi Chilton, 1921 Grandidierella sp.

Caprellidae Deutella sp.

Metaprotella macoranicus Momtazi & Sari, 2013 Cheirocratidae Cheirocratus sp.

Colomastigidae Colomastix sp. 1 Colomastix sp. 2

Corophiidae Laticorophium bifurcatum Myers & Nithyanandan, 2016*

Cheiriphotis megacheles (Giles, 1885) Cheiriphotis sp. cf. walkeri

Cyproideidae Cyproidea sp. cf. serratipalma Dexaminidae Paradexamine sp. 1 cf. latifolia

Paradexamine sp. 2 cf. orientalis Eriopisidae Eriopisa sp. cf. elongata

Eriopisella sp.

Hyalidae Parhyale basrensis Salman, 1986

Protohyale arabica Myers & Nithyanandan, 2016*

Ischyroceridae Ericthonius sp. cf. forbesii Ischyrocerus sp.

Orientoecetes arabicus (Barnard & Thomas, 1984) Leucothoidae Leucothoe gracilis (Haswell, 1879)

Leucothoe sp. cf. richiardii Paranamixis sp. cf. ledoyeri

Liljeborgiidae Idunella demersalis (Sivaprakasam, 1972)

Lysianassidae Socarnoides sp.

Maeridae Ceradocus (Denticeradocus) alama Myers & Nithyanandan, 2016*

Elasmopus alkhiranensis Myers & Momtazi, 2015

Family Species Maxillipiidae Maxillipius rectitelson Ledoyer, 1973 Megaluropidae Megaluropus excavatus Ledoyer, 1979

Megaluropus sp. cf. monasteriensis Melitidae Dulichiella fresnelii (Audouin, 1826) Melita persia Momtazi & Sari, 2014

Melphidippidae Melphisana madagascarensis Ledoyer, 1984 Neomegamphopidae Neomegamphopus sp.

Oedicerotidae Perioculodes sp. 1

Perioculodes sp. 2 cf. megapleon Perioculodes sp. 3 cf. serra Pontocrates sp. cf. arenarius

Photidae Latigammaropsis pseudojassa Myers & Nithyanandan, 2016*

Latigammaropsis sp. 1 308

Latigammaropsis sp. 2 cf. atlantica Photis hawaiensis J.L. Barnard, 1955 Photis sp. 1

Photis sp. 2 cf. bifurcata Photis sp. 3 cf. viuda Phoxocephalidae Brolgus sp. cf. mamak

Platyischnopidae Indischnopus herdmani (Walker, 1904)

Podoceridae Laetmatophilus sp.

Podocerus mamlahensis Myers & Nithyanandan, 2016*

Pontogeneiidae Abdia latipalpus (Walker & Scott, 1903)

Tryphosidae Orchomenella sp.

Stenothoidae Stenothoe gallensis Walker, 1904 Stenothoe sp. cf. aucklandicus

Urothoidae Urothoe sp. 1

Urothoe sp. 2 cf. intermedia

References

Al-Yamani, F.Y., Skryabin, V., Boltachova, N., Revkov, N., Makarov, M., Grinstov, V. and Kolesnikova, E. (2012). Illustrated Atlas on the Zoobenthos of Kuwait, pp 383. Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research.

Al-Yamani F.Y., Al-Kandari, M., Polikarpov, I. and Grintsov, V. (2019). Field guide of order Amphipoda (Malacostraca, Crustacea) of Kuwait. Kuwait: Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research. p 390.

ISBN 978-99966-37-19-3

Myers, A.A. and Nithyanandan, M. (2016). ‘The Amphipoda of Sea City, Kuwait.—The Senticaudata (Crustacea)’. Zootaxa 4072: 401–429. doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4072.4.1

Fifty-two species in 20 families of marine crabs were reported from Kuwait (Table 20, Figures 28

& 29). Several papers were published in which

two species was described as new to science, Leptochryseus kuwaitensis and Manningis arabicum (Jones & Clayton, 1983; Collins et al.,

Figure 27: Books published on the crabs of Kuwait and the Arabian Gulf.

1984; Jones, 1986a & b; Snowden et al., 1991, 1994 & 1995; Carpenter et al., 1997; Apel &

Spiridonov, 1998; Apel, 2001 Al-Yamani et al., 2012; Al-Wazzan et al., 2018). The main reference

on the crabs of the Arabian Gulf was published by Naderloo (2017) with full colored illustration and distribution maps (Figure 27).

Family Species Matutidae Matuta planipes Fabricius, 1798

Matuta victor (Fabricius, 1781) Dorippidae Dorippe quadridens (Fabricius, 1793)

Dorippoides nudipes Manning & Holthuis, 1986 Oziidae Epixanthus frontalis (H. Milne Edwards, 1834) Euryplacidae Eucrate crenata (De Haan, 1835)

Leucosiidae Arcania erinacea (Fabricius, 1787) Hiplyra sagitta Galil, 2009

Hiplyra variegata (Rüppell, 1830) Ixa holthuisi Tirmizi, 1970

Epialtidae Menaethius monoceros (Latreille, 1825) Hyastenus hilgendorfi de Man, 1887 Cyphocarcinus capreolus (Paul’son, 1875)

Parthenopidae Enoplolambrus carenatus (H. Milne Edwards, 1834) Portunidae Charybdis (Charybdis) hellerii (A. Milne-Edwards, 1867)

Charybdis (Charybdis) natator (Herbst, 1794) Charybdis (Goniohellenus) longicollis Leene, 1938 Portunus segnis (Forskål, 1775)

Xiphonectes hastatoides (Fabricius, 1798) Xanthidae Actaea jacquelinae Guinot, 1976

Leptodius exaratus (H. Milne Edwards, 1834) Galenidae Halimede tyche (Herbst, 1801)

Pilumnidae Eurycarcinus orientalis A. Milne-Edwards, 1867 Pilumnus longicornis Hilgendorf, 1878

Pilumnus vespertilio (Fabricius, 1793) Grapsidae Grapsus granulosus H. Milne Edwards, 1853

Grapsus albolineatus Latreille, in Milbert, 1812 Metopograpsus messor (Forskål, 1775) Table 20: Decapoda reported from Kuwait.

Varunidae Eriocheir hepuensis Dai, 1991

Metaplax indica H. Milne Edwards, 1852

Camptandriidae Leptochryseus kuwaitense (D.A. Jones & Clayton, 1983) Manningis arabicum (Jones & Clayton, 1983)

Nasima dotilliformis (Alcock, 1900) Opusia indica (Alcock, 1900) Tylodiplax sp.

Dotillidae Dotilla blanfordi Alcock, 1900 Ilyoplax frater (Kemp, 1919) Ilyoplaxsp.

Scopimera crabicauda Alcock, 1900 Macrophthalmidae Ilyograpsus rhizophorae Barnard, 1955

Chaenostoma sinuspersici (Naderloo & Türkay, 2011)

Macrophthalmus (Macrophthalmus) sulcatus H. Milne Edwards, 1852 Venitus dentipes (Lucas, 1836)

Ocypodidae Ocypode rotundata Miers, 1882 Austruca iranica (Pretzmann, 1971) Austruca sindensis (Alcock, 1900) Sesarmidae Nanosesarma minutum (DeMann, 1887)

Figure 29: Intertidal crabs from Kuwait.

E. (2012). Illustrated Atlas on the Zoobenthos of Kuwait, pp. 383. Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research.

Apel, M. (2001). Taxonomie und Zoogeographie der Brachyura, Paguridea und Porcellanidae (Crus-tacea: Decapoda) des Persisch-Arabischen Golfes. Fachbereich Biologie, Frankfurt am Main.

Apel, M. and Spiridonov, V.A. (1998). ‘Taxonomy and zoogeography of the portunid crabs (Crustacea:

Decapoda: Brachyura: Portunidae) of the Arabian Gulf and adjacent waters’. Fauna of Arabia 17:159–331.

Carpenter, K.E., Krupp, F., Jones D.A. and Zajonz, U. (1997). The living marine resources of Kuwait, Eastern Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates. FAO Species Identification Field Guide for Fishery Purposes, Rome. http://www.fao.org/3/v8729e/v8729e00.htm

Collins, M.J, Jones, D.A. and Clayton, D.A. (1984). ‘Redescription of Uca sindensis (Alcock, 1900) (Brachyura: Ocypodidae) with notes on the ecology of a population from Kuwait’. Journal of Crustacean Biology 4:318–328. doi.org/10.2307/1548029

Jones, D. and Clayton, D. (1983). ‘The systematics and ecology of crabs belonging to the genera Cleis-tostoma De Haan and ParacleisCleis-tostoma De Man on Kuwait mudflats’. Crustaceana 45:183–

199. doi.org/10.1163/156854083X00613

Jones, D.A. (1986a). A field guide to the sea shores of Kuwait and the Arabian Gulf. University of Kuwait, Distributed by Blandford Press, Poole.

Jones, D.A. (1986b). ‘Ecology of the rocky and sandy shores of Kuwait’. In: Halwagy, R., Clayton, D.A.

& Behbehani, M (eds) Marine environment and pollution, proceedings of the 1st Arabian Gulf Conference on Environment and Pollution, pp 69–81. University of Kuwait, Kuwait.

Naderloo, R. (2017). Atlas of Crabs of the Persian Gulf. Springer.

Snowden, R.J., Clayton, D.A. and Al-Taher, E.Y. (1991). ‘Population biology of Ilyoplax stevensi (Brachyura: Ocypodidae) on a Kuwait mudflat’. Marine Ecology Progress Series 71:219–225.

doi.org/10.3354/meps071219

Snowden, R.J., Clayton, D.A. and Al-Taher, E.Y. (1994). ‘Aspects of the ecology of Tylodiplax indica Alcock (Brachyura: Ocypodidae) on a Kuwait mudflat’. Journal of the University of Kuwait (Sci-ence) 21:219–228.

Snowden, R.J. and Clayton, D.A. (1995). ‘Aspects of the life history and seasonal ecology of Nasima dotilliformis (Alcock) (Brachyura: Ocypodidae) on a Kuwait mudflat’. Journal of the University of Kuwait (Science) 22:84–94.

4.3.1.3 Suborder Pleocyemata