• 沒有找到結果。

Reasons for investing in the education sector & K-12 International schools

7. Private International schools growth forecast in Taiwan: investors recommendations

7.2. Reasons for investing in the education sector & K-12 International schools

立 政 治 大 學

N a tio na

l C h engchi U ni ve rs it y

 Schools offerings based on analytical and emotional skills. Students and graduates are better integrated in the global environment.

Asia has seen the largest increase in the number of international school opening, and in 2016 accounted for more than half of all international schools and 60% of all students. By 2100, more than half the world’s population will live in India, China, or Africa. It is forecasted that Global policy leadership and sales of education goods and services will be shaped less by issues and needs in the U.S., and more by the issues and needs of Africa, South Asia, and China.

7.2. Reasons for investing in the education sector & K-12 International schools

Renowned Internationals schools can operate as non-profit independent schools for-profit schools in the K–12 sector. The schools operate as businesses, receiving fees from each student they enrol. For-profit school, compete in the educational market and serving students and families that public and private non-profit institutions could have ignored by proposing different services.

The return of investment for profit school can be related to the revenues perceived via tuitions fees, given a percentage margin of return for investors. The advantage of investing in school relies on the following factors.

立 政 治 大 學

N a tio na

l C h engchi U ni ve rs it y

Low Risk

 Education is viewed as a top priority as it is largely “recession proof’’

 Parents rarely change schools mid-stream.

 Fee increases rise faster than local inflation figures, improving returns for investors over and above other sectors.

 Visible income streams and long-term customers.

Positive cash flow and high margin

 Collect fees in advance.

 Typically profitable within three years of operation. Profit margins of between 20 to 40% for big sized campus (1,800 students).

Branding

 Established brand allows new school to fill more easily and offers a far quicker return.

Social Responsibility

 Improve country’s educational infrastructure

 Responsible investment into the country’s long-term global competitive position.

Investment in K-12 school can also be made indirectly through real estate investments and can target a larger numbers of school operators. Developers can expect competitive commercial yields and the attractive proposition of a single long-term tenant.

立 政 治 大 學

N a tio na

l C h engchi U ni ve rs it y

7.3. Potential growth forecast model considering implementation of NDC and New Southbound Policy

The following model is based on the previous sections analysis, taking in account Taiwan SWOT which reflect an openness’s from the government regarding private investment in education, a society with a strong emphasis in children's education and in favour of English-Medium western education. The country competiveness shows a freedom of doing business combined with the environment quality that could help the deployment of the New South Bound policy and attract new white collars immigrants from South East-Asian countries.

The industry outlook in China and East Asian countries, shows that Taiwan have a larger disposable income, and GDP per Capita, but have a lower number of international schools, due to its history and past government restrictions on international schools enrolment.

To develop the growth forecast model we based on the following facts that could have the larger impact on the K-12 education sector:

 Working population is decreasing by an approximate 180,000 annually from 2016 as estimated by National Development Council (NDC)

 NDC proposition to counter the demographic issues by facilitating immigration and recruiting more overseas talent

 Renowed International School (TES, TAS) have waiting lists for enrolment

The following assumptions are integrated to finalize the model:

 Based on 2016 numbers, we assume that 75% of ARC under 15 years old join international schools, and the distribution local / foreigner students with ratio of 70/30

 A growth of 7% of local students if more places are offered. We have taken in account that 53% of applicants do not receive school places, at TES, significantly a 21%

growth if all were accepted. We can consider that if 60% get a place somewhere else, the growth would be 7% and we kept that conservative number.

 A multiplication factor of 1.5 or 2 of foreign white collar immigrants’ workers is anticipated.

K-12 International schools in Taiwan, Potential growth forecast model Scenarios Foreign

Table 13: K-12 International schools in Taiwan, Potential growth forecast model

The table above shows the results of the model and forecast a growth of between 20% to 40%,.

The growth would rise to 96% if the number of white collar immigrants workers were multiplies by four.

立 政 治 大 學

N a tio na

l C h engchi U ni ve rs it y

Legislators and government agency should be aware of the potential market and consequently adjust the policies that could favor investment in this sector, having a long term benefit aspect on the country future development. Investors should be aware of the risk of the investment but of the high return that can be expected in this sector, if public policies are correctly and clearly directed.

立 政 治 大 學

N a tio na

l C h engchi U ni ve rs it y

8. Conclusion and recommendation

Taiwan is a favourable place for investor regarding the international school market; however the outcome will largely depend from the government New Southbound Policy. By attracting more immigration to Taiwan the country could develop a potential market for international schools. The Southbound policy currently design to attract student for higher education could also be extended to the K-12 education by creating boarding schools for low GDP countries as Myanmar or Cambodia.

In Taiwan low cost private school will certainly faced the competition due to low birth rate and force to close for the less worthy. We can also note a distinction between low cost private school and Private international school, with high tuition fees, as a way to segment the market.

Investor can implement adequate marketing plan and achieve market penetration for this last more profitable segment.

The potential growth model of international schools in Taiwan shows that the country can be an attractive market for investor. The government bodies and lawmaker should support the industry by making the conditions more favourable for this expending sector in Asia; as it will have positive consequence on Taiwan country competiveness.

Taiwan yet should not be the first place of choice in Asia as China and Indonesia offer more opportunities in term of market growth. Indonesia, a country with a young median age, has new growth regions like Medan, Makassar and Manado where international schools can be developed. In addition a recent revision of education law for investment makes room for private-sector actors to engage in education even more attractive.

(1) Cheng H. and DeLany B. (1999) Quality education and social stratification: The paradox of private schooling in China. Current Issues in Comparative Education, Teachers College, Columbia University.

http://www.epb.uni-hamburg.de/erzwiss/lohmann/Materialien/CICE/china.htm

(2) Jing Lin - Social Transformation and Private Education in China - Publisher: Praeger (1999)- 248 pages. Pages 1 -16.

(3) Han M. (2004) Non-government / private Education in China – National Center of

Educational Development Research – Study for UK department of International Development and the World Bank. 22 pages.

(4) Law W.W. and Pan S.Y. (2009) Game theory and educational policy: Private education legislation in China. International Journal of Educational Development. Volume 29, Issue 3, May 2009, Pages 227–240.

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0738059308000412

(5) Mun C. Tang (2001) School choice in the People’s Republic of China – Study – Teacher College Columbia University. 28 pages.

(6) KMGP (2010) Education in China – Report. 32 pages.

(7) Deloitte (2015) Development of Private School & Education Industry in China 2015 – Open

& Integration – Technology, Media and Telecommunication.

(8) Shanghaiist. (2016) China bans for-profit private schools from teaching grades one to nine.

http://shanghaiist.com/2016/11/08/for-profit-private-school-ban.php

(9) Chinadaily (2016). China bans for-profit private schools in compulsory education program.

http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2016-11/07/content_27295748.htm

(10) Globaltimes (2016). Shanghai parents lament decision to ban schools running international courses.

(11) Statistics and facts about education in China.

https://www.statista.com/topics/2090/education-in-china/

(12) Schools Public, Private, International, Justlanded

https://www.justlanded.com/english/China/China-Guide/Education/Schools

(13) Quartz (2016) A crackdown on international-style education in China could make it harder for students to study abroad.

http://qz.com/821667/a-crackdown-on-international-style-education-in-china-could-make-it-h arder-for-students-to-study-abroad/

(14) ISC Research China – 2016 Report – China - Leading international school growth – Page 47-49.

http://www.iscresearch.com/Portals/0/IS%20Magazine%20-%20January%202016%20-%20C hina%20leading%20international%20school%20growth.pdf

(15) uk.china-info24.com (2016). The rise of classics reciting private schools in China: an education utopia or dystopia?

http://uk.china-info24.com/british/tic/soc/20161003/243950.html

(16 ) The Atlantic (2012) How China's New Love Affair with U.S. Private Schools Is Changing Them Both.

http://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2012/03/how-chinas-new-love-affair-with-us -private-schools-is-changing-them-both/255154/

(17) bbc.com (2015) China’s new found love with private education

http://www.bbc.com/capital/story/20151221-the-chinese-turning-their-backs-on-the-state (18) wwMama20211.Forum website

(19) BBC (2016) .Asia drives demand for international schools http://www.bbc.com/news/business-35533953

(20) Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_in_China

(21) Interview made on the 31 March 2017 with Mrs Wu, representative of the Section of Planning and Resources, Ministry of Education R.O.C.Taiwan.

(22) Thornton A., Lin H.S (1994), Social Change and the Family in Taiwan, University of Chicago Press (chapter 1: introduction)

(23) Chou C.P. and Ching G. (2012) Taiwan Education at the Crossroad: When Globalization Meets Localization, Palgrave Macmillan US, 291 pages

(23) Wen-Chung Pan (Minister of Education) (2017), Education in Taiwan Annual Report 2016-2017 Ministry of Education

http://english.moe.gov.tw/lp.asp?ctNode=11416&CtUnit=1337&BaseDSD=16

(24) Ministry of Education Objectives for 2017 (January-December), (2016) Ministry of Education, (Taiwan) http://english.moe.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=16999&ctNode=11410&mp=1 (25) An Introduction to Overseas Taiwan Schools, (2015) Ministry of Education, (Taiwan) http://english.moe.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=15451&ctNode=11448&mp=1

(26) Educational System (2016) Ministry of Education, (Taiwan) http://english.moe.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=15742&CtNode=11434&mp=1

(27) The Taiwan Educators Association (TEA) http://taiwaneducatorsassociation.weebly.com/

Education in Taiwan (2016) World Education News & Reviews (WENR) http://wenr.wes.org/2016/06/education-in-taiwan

(28) ‘’Private School Law (Article 83)’’, laws & regulations database, Ministry of Justice, Taiwan

http://law.moj.gov.tw/Eng/LawClass/LawAll.aspx?PCode=H0020001

(29) ‘’Regulations for the Establishment and Management of Private Elementary Schools, Junior and Senior High Schools, and Affiliated Preschools for International Residents’’, laws &

regulations database, Ministry of Justice, Taiwan

http://law.moj.gov.tw/Eng/LawClass/LawAll.aspx?PCode=H0060006

(30) Chen H. and Fan H.H., (Nov. 11, 2014) Education in Taiwan: The Vision and Goals of the 12-Year Curriculum Tuesday

https://www.brookings.edu/opinions/education-in-taiwan-the-vision-and-goals-of-the-12-year-curriculum/

(31) Glenn Smith, (2011) The localization of the Taipei’s International Schools, Taiwan Review http://www.tas.edu.tw/uploaded/about_us/featured_stories/The_Localization_of_Taipei%27s_

International_Schools.pdf

(32) International School Consultancy (ISC Research), (2016), State of Education Market Report 2016

(33) Lin J.P (Jan. 24, 2012), Tradition and Progress: Taiwan's Evolving Migration Reality:

http://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/tradition-and-progress-taiwans-evolving-migration-rea lity

(34) Wu K.L.; I-Chun Kung (2016) South Helps South; A Bridge between Oceans: The Role of Southeast Asian Migrant Workers and Marriage Immigrants in the New Southbound Policy (Abstract):

http://www.airitilibrary.com/Publication/alDetailedMesh?docid=a0000538-201610-20161108 0008-201611080008-105-123

(35) Chen Y.L Peter, (2016), How Taiwan should respond to the impact of regional economic integration in Asia pacific region include history of regional integration (abstract)

https://uni-bge.hu/tartalmak/Hungary_Taiwan_conference_BBSUAS.pdf#page=61 (36) New Southbound Policy Portal, Ministry of Foreign Affairs:

http://nspp.mofa.gov.tw/nsppe/

(37) New Southbound Policy Promotion Plan (October 3, 2016), Office of Trade Negotiations, Executive Yuan: https://www.moea.gov.tw/Mns/otn_e/content/Content.aspx?menu_id=20341 (38) ‘New Southbound Policy’ promotion plan launched, Press Releases, 2016, Executive Yuan http://www.ey.gov.tw/pda_en/News_Content.aspx?n=1C6028CA080A27B3&sms=E0588283 EFAA02AD&s=366421D81E3C10FB

(39) The guidelines for "New Southbound Policy" (2016) Ministry of Foreign Affairs, http://www.roc-taiwan.org/bn_en/post/644.html

(40) Prowse S. (Dec. 21, 2016), Reforming Taiwan's Immigration Policy, The Diplomat http://thediplomat.com/2016/12/reforming-taiwans-immigration-policy/

(41) Cabinet addresses Taiwan demographic changes (March 06, 2015), Taiwan Today, http://taiwantoday.tw/news.php?unit=6,23,6,6&post=12274

(42) PISA high performer report, Singapore 2015:

http://www.oecd.org/pisa/PISA-2015-singapore.pdf

(43)Stewart V. (undated) How Singapore Developed a High-Quality Teacher Workforce, Asia Society

http://asiasociety.org/global-cities-education-network/how-singapore-developed-high-quality-teacher-workforce

(44)Why is Singapore’s school system so successful, and is it a model for the West? (Feb. 12, 2014 ), The Conversation Media Group Ltd

http://theconversation.com/why-is-singapores-school-system-so-successful-and-is-it-a-model-for-the-west-22917

(45) O'Donoghue C. (Dec.18, 2015), An introduction to public and private schools in Singapore

https://www.greyloft.com/blog/guiding-overview-public-and-private-schools-in-singapore/

(46) Private Education, Ministry of Education, Singapore.

https://www.moe.gov.sg/education/private-education

(47) Pedró F., Leroux G., Watanabe M.,(2015), The privatization of education in developing countries. Evidence and policy implications - UNESCO education sector, United Nations (48) (48) Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization

http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0024/002438/243824e.pdf

(49) Glass D. (2016) State of Education Market report 2016 - International School Consultancy (ISC Research) http://www.iscresearch.com/services/isc-global-report.aspx

(50) The International School Consultancy (ISC) http://www.iscresearch.com/

(51) Custer S. (Jun 10, 2016), The rise and rise of the international high schools market, PIE https://thepienews.com/analysis/the-rise-and-rise-of-the-international-high-schools-market/

(52) Morrison N. (Jun 29, 2016), International Schools Market To Hit $89 Billion By 2026, Forbes

https://www.forbes.com/sites/nickmorrison/2016/06/29/international-schools-market-to-hit-89 bn-by-2026/#77081f0370e3

(53) OECD Factbook 2015-2016 Economic, Environmental and Social Statistics

http://www.keepeek.com/Digital-Asset-Management/oecd/economics/oecd-factbook-2015-20 16_factbook-2015-en#page23

(54) Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD sources : http://www.oecd.org/

(55) Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). http://www.oecd.org/pisa/

(56) Statistics from the Ministry of Education

(57) Statistics from the National Immigration Agency, (Taiwan) (58) National statistics portal, (Taiwan)

http://eng.stat.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=3458&CtNode=1597&mp=5

(59) Taipei European School internal data about university admissions and ISC reports (60) Private Education in Indonesia – International Schools on the Rise

http://www.gbgindonesia.com/en/education/article/2014/private_education_in_indonesia_inte rnational_schools_on_the_rise.php