Reliability of Different Physiological Responses

The reliabilities of different physiological responses are going to be discussed in this section. The three different objective indices for the assessment of nausea-symptoms are EKG, EGG and GSR. We are going to define some useful assessing parameters for the reliability of each signal. The EKG variation ratio which is corresponding to the EKG signal is defined as:

%

where f_{Motion−Sickness} is the EKG dominant frequency in “Motion-Sickness” session, f_BaseLine is the EKG dominant frequency in “Baseline” session. The EGG and GSR variation ratios can also be defined as the same way.

%

Table 5-2 is the comparison of the motion sickness indices we used in this research including the subjective MSQ score and the objective indices.

There is no significant difference in the GSR signals between “Baseline” and

“Motion-Sickness” sessions, except subject 7 and subject 10. A small questionnaire was proposed to the subject before every experiment, which included a question: “Do you feel sweating during motion sickness?” The answer of both subject 7 and subject 10 is “Yes”, while the others answer no. From this point of view, although the GSR signal is useless for most of subjects, but it is a good physiological index for the subjects who feel sweating during motion sickness with significant changes and fast response time.

Table 5-2: Comparisons of indices.

Subject MSQ score

Subject 1 24 % 67 % 4 % * 17/50

Subject 3 9 % 67 % 3 % * 28/50

Subject 5 15 % 67 % 5 % * 11/50

Subject 6 0 % * 33 % 6 % * 8/50

Subject 7 8 % 33 % 175 % 17/50

Subject 8 0 % * 0 % * 1 % * 5/50

Subject 9 14 % 100% 8 % * 34/50

Subject 10 17 % 67 % 54 % 12/50

* No significant difference

The influence factors to the EKG signal is varied. And also, the variation rates of EKG are not as significant as GSR or EGG. It was found from the result that the EGG signal is the most efficient physiological signal, which is suitable for most of subjects and provides excellent response time.

REKG REGG R_GSR

Chapter 6

Conclusions and Future Work

The nausea-related EEG dynamics corresponding to motion sickness inclining tasks is studied in this thesis with the virtual-reality based dynamic driving environment. The VR-based dynamic driving environment provides the advantages of safety, low cost, and the realistic stimuli to the subjects. The MSQ is designed and the physiological responses (including EKG, EGG and galvanic skin response) are recorded to assess the motion sickness.

The EEG data analysis is based on the cross-demonstrations of subjective evaluation and physiological responses to ensure the objectivity of sickness assessment. In other words, the EEG changes correlated to motion sickness will not only refer to the MSQ score, but the objective indices should also be involved for systematic evaluation. It was found from the result that the EGG signal is an efficient index, which is suitable for most of the subjects with excellent response time.

Using ICA and PSD analysis technology, the power suppression in some specific frequency bands (such as 10 Hz or 20 Hz) of ICA components are proved to be a common phenomenon when most of subjects during motion sickness and the suppressions will release when the subjects recovered from motion sickness after rest. All of subjects indicate that the influence regions of motion sickness on human cortex are in the parietal lobe area. The phenomenon is obviously, and is considered as an important discovery in our study.

The future directions of this study are: (1) assessment of nausea degree, (2) a motion sickness estimator can be developed based on the findings in this thesis, and (3) the comparison study between the drivers and the passengers.

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