Chapter 11 Remote Control, Alarm and Safety Systems
11.5 Safety System
Where arrangements are fitted for overriding any automatic shutdown system for the main propulsion machinery in accordance with 9.2.2, they shall be such as to preclude inadvertent operation. When a shut down system is activated, an audible and visual alarm shall be given at the control station and means shall be provided to override the automatic shutdown except in cases where there is a risk of complete breakdown or explosion.
C11.5.1 In case of need, the bridge operator may have a possibility to cancel the safety devices which could have caused the propelling machinery to stop (except for the overspeed one). Control of this device is to be such as to preclude inadvertent operation; the indication ″safety devices off″ shall be clearly visible.
C11.5.2 Safety systems are to be designed as far as practicable to be independent of the alarm and control system and their power supply, such that a failure or malfunction in these systems will not prevent the safety system from operating.
Safety systems including their power supply shall be separate for each propulsion unit.
C11.5.3 Electrical circuits of safety systems for propulsion machinery and essential systems, which in case of their failure have sudden effect on the availability of the propulsion and directional control of the craft shall be such, that a single failure in the system does not result, as far as practicable, in a loss of propulsion and directional control. The electrical circuits of safety systems for other machinery, which have no sudden effect on the availability of the propulsion and steering, may be designed as suitable for their purpose with the most effective protection of the machinery.
C11.5.4 The power for the safety system shall be supplied from the main source of electrical power. Provisions are to be made for supplying power uninterrupted to the safety system for at least 15 minutes following a failure of the ship's main source of electrical power. The electric and pneumatic supplies are to be monitored.
C11.6 Stand-by systems
C11.6.1 Where stand-by units are required, they shall start-up automatically - on failure of operational units
- to preserve stored energy resources (e.g. compressed air)
- following restoration of the power supply after an interruption to service due to a failure of the ship's main source of electric power
- on operational demand, if auxiliary machinery are operated in staggered service.
C11.6.2 The threshold for activation of the stand-by system shall be such, that normal operation is restored before the safety system is activated.
C11.6.3 The changeover to a standby unit due to a fault is to be signaled visually and audibly. However, an alarm must not be tripped in the case of machinery installations with auxiliary machines driven mechanically from the propulsion plant where the standby machines startup automatically in the lower speed range.
C11.6.4 Sets that have suffered a malfunction and have shut down automatically may only be provided for restart after manual reset independent of the alarm acknowledgement.
*Refer to the Code on alarms and indicators adopted by the organization by resolution A.830 (19).
Table C11.4.1.2.1 Propulsion Diesel Engines
Parameter Alarm Level Remark
Lubricating oil pressure Low
Lubricating oil temperature inlet High
Differential pressure across lubricating oil filter High
Pressure or flow of cooling water Low
Temperature of cooling water outlet High
Level in cooling water expansion tank Low
Deviation of each cylinder from average of exhaust gas
Exhaust gas temperature after turbocharger High If cylinders not monitored individually
Pressure of fuel oil to engine Low If supplied by electrical pumps
Temperature of fuel oil to engine Low + high If heated
Differential pressure across lubricating oil filter High
Bearing temperature High
Lubricating oil temperature of gears with sliding bearing High
Servo oil pressure of gears and transmissions Low
Thrust bearing temperature High
Stern tube bearing lubricating oil temperature High Table C11.4.1.2.4
Main Diesel Generator Sets
Parameter Alarm Level Remark
Lubricating oil pressure Low
Pressure of flow of cooling water Low
Temperature of cooling water outlet High
Table C11.4.1.2.5 Auxiliary Boilers
Parameter Alarm Level Remark
Water level Low
Steam pressure Low + high
Burner operation Shut down
Safety system Failure
Table C11.4.1.2.6 Controllable Pitch Propeller
Parameter Alarm Level Remark
Servo oil pressure Low
Servo oil pressure Low-Low Automatic start of standby pump
with alarm
Servo oil temperature High Shaft power > 1500kW
Table C11.4.1.2.7 Water Jet
Parameter Alarm Level Remark
Power failure of remote control system Failure
Power failure of safety system Failure
Power failure of alarm system Failure
Lubricating oil tank level Low If provided
Lubricating oil pressure Low If forced lubricating oil system
Hydraulic supply oil tank level Low
Pressure of hydraulic oil system Low
Table C11.4.1.2.8 Miscellaneous
Parameter Alarm Level Remark
Remote control of propulsion Failure
Safety system of each machinery Tripped
Override of safety system Activated
Power of alarm system Failure
Insulation resistance Low
Emergency controls Failure
Fire alarm system Failure
Stand-by function of auxiliaries Start
Machinery spaces bilge level High 2 sensors at least for each
machinery space
Oil temperature of fuel oil service tank High If heated above flash point
Electrical non-essential consumers Tripped
Chapter 12 Electrical Installations
Part A - General
C12.0 Drawings and Data
C12.0.1 Drawings and data are to be in accordance with the requirements of 1.2 of Part VII of the Rules for Steel Ships.
C12.0.2 In addition to the documentation requested above, the following is also required : .1 For passenger craft:
.1.1 Single line diagram of the main cable runs showing cables for duplicated equipment and the location of the main distribution and emergency switchboards.
.1.2 Diagrams of switchboards for control, indication and alarm of watertight doors.
.2 For passenger and cargo craft with spaces intended for the carriage of motor vehicles with fuel in their tanks and/or spaces intended for the carriage of dangerous goods:
.2.1 Plan of dangerous spaces giving details of types of cables and safety characteristics of the equipment installed therein.
.2.2 Diagrams of control and monitoring systems for doors, closed-circuit television or monitoring systems for flooding on passenger craft with ro-ro spaces or special category spaces.
.2.3 Diagrams of supplementary emergency lighting systems for the craft in the previous item .2.2.
Further documentation may be required, if deemed necessary by the Society.
12.1 General
C12.1.1 The Society is prepared to give special consideration to the novel features of design in respect of the electrical installation based on the best information available at the time.
C12.1.2 The electrical apparatus and the wiring system of a classed ship are to be constructed, installed and tested under the supervision and to the satisfaction of the Surveyor in accordance with the following requirements.
Considerations will be given, however, to the arrangements or details of the equipment and machinery which comply with other recognized standards provided they are not less effective than the requirements of this Chapter.
C12.1.3 Passenger ships intended for classification are to be constructed in accordance with the requirements of this Society as well as those of Governmental and International Convention Regulations.
12.1.1 Electrical installations*shall be such that:
.1 all electrical auxiliary services necessary for maintaining the craft in normal operation and habitable conditions will be ensured without recourse to the emergency source of electrical power;
.2 electrical services essential for safety will be ensured under various emergency conditions; and .3 the safety of passengers, crew and craft from electrical hazards will be ensured.
The FMEA shall include the electrical system, taking into account the effects of electrical failure on the systems being supplied. In cases where faults can occur without being detected during routine checks on the installations, the analysis shall take into account the possibility of faults occurring simultaneously or consecutively.
12.1.2 The electrical system shall be designed and installed so that the probability of the craft being at risk of failure of a service is extremely remote.
*Refer to the recommendations published by the International Electrotechnical Commission and, in particular, Publication 60092-Electrical Installations in Ships.
12.1.3 Where loss of particular essential service would cause serious risk to the craft, the service shall be fed by at least two independent circuits fed in such a way that no single failure in the electrical supply or distribution systems would affect both supplies.
12.1.4 The securing arrangements for heavy items, i.e. accumulator batteries, shall, as far as practicable, prevent excessive movement during the accelerations due to grounding or collision.
12.1.5 Precautions shall be taken to minimize risk of supplies to essential and emergency services being interrupted by the inadvertent or accidental opening of switches or circuit-breakers.
C12.1.6 Ambient Reference Conditions
Ambient reference conditions are to be in accordance with the requirements of 1.3 of Part VII of the Rules for Steel Ships.
C12.1.7 Inclination of Ship
Machines and apparatus are to operate satisfactorily under all conditions with the ship inclined up to the angles as specified in 1.4 of Part VII of the Rules for Steel Ships from the normal.
C12.1.8 Quality of Electrical Power Supplies
Quality of electrical power supplies are to be in accordance with the requirements of 1.5 of Part VII of the Rules for Steel Ships.
C12.1.9 Location and Construction
Location and construction of electrical equipment are to be in accordance with the requirements of 1.6 of Part VII of the Rules for Steel Ships.
C12.1.10 Clearances and Creepage Distances
Clearances and creepage distances are to be in accordance with the requirements of 1.9 of Part VII of the Rules for Steel Ships.
C12.1.11 Electrical Equipment for Use in Explosive Gas Atmospheres
Electrical equipment for use in explosive gas atmospheres is to be in accordance with the requirements of 1.10 of Part VII of the Rules for Steel Ships.
C12.1.12 Protection of Electrical Enclosures
Protection of electrical enclosures is to be in accordance with the requirements of 1.11 of Part VII of the Rules for Steel Ships.
C12.1.13 System Design and Electrical Equipments
.1 System design are to be in accordance with the requirements of Chapter 2 of Part VII of the Rules for Steel Ships.
.2 Generators and motors are to be in accordance with the requirements of Chapter 3 and 4 of Part VII of the Rules for Steel Ships.
.3 Switchboard and mounted equipments are to be in accordance with the requirements of Chapter 5 of Part VII of the Rules for Steel Ships.
.4 Batteries are to be in accordance with the requirements of Chapter 6 of Part VII of the Rules for Steel Ships.
.5 Transformers are to be in accordance with the requirements of Chapter 7 of Part VII of the Rules for Steel Ships.
.6 Cables are to be in accordance with the requirements of Chapter 8 of Part VII of the Rules for Steel Ships.
.7 Motor controllers are to be in accordance with the requirements of Chapter 9 of Part VII of the Rules for Steel Ships.
.8 Accessories and lighting equipments are to be in accordance with the requirements of Chapter 10 of Part VII of the Rules for Steel Ships.
.9 Electric propulsion equipments are to be in accordance with the requirements of Chapter 13 of Part VII of the Rules for Steel Ships.
.10 High voltage installations are to be in accordance with the requirements of Chapter 14 of Part VII of the Rules for Steel Ships.
.11 Semiconductor equipments are to be in accordance with the requirements of Chapter 15 of Part VII of the Rules for Steel Ships.
C12.1.14 Testing and Inspection of Electrical Equipments
Testing and inspection of electrical equipment are to be in accordance with the requirements of 1.12 of Part VII of the Rules for Steel Ships.
C12.1.15 Tests after Installation on Board
Tests after installation on board are to be in accordance with the requirements of Chapter 16 of Part VII of the Rules for Steel Ships.
12.2 Main source of electrical power
12.2.1 A main source of electrical power of sufficient capacity to supply all those services mentioned in 12.1.1 shall be provided. The main source of electrical power shall consist of at least two generating sets.
C12.2.1 Electrical propulsion
For electrically propelled craft with two or more constant voltage propulsion generating sets, the craft's service electric power may be derived from this source and additional service generators need not be fitted, provided that effective propulsion be maintained with one propulsion generator out of service.
Shaft-driven generators
One of the required generators may be a generator driven by a main propulsion unit (shaft generator) intended to operate at constant speed, (e.g. a system where craft speed and direction are controlled only by varying propeller pitch).
Shaft generator installations which do not comply with this criterion may be fitted as additional source(s) of power provided that:
.1 on loss of power from the shaft generator(s) a stand-by generating set starts up automatically, .2 the capacity of the stand-by set is adequate for the loads necessary for craft propulsion and safety, .3 these services are restored as quickly as is practicable.
12.2.2 The capacity of these generating sets shall be such that, in the event of any one generating set being stopped or failing, it will still be possible to supply those services necessary to provide the normal operational conditions of propulsion and safety. Minimum comfortable conditions of habitability shall also be ensured which include at least adequate services for cooking, heating, domestic refrigeration, mechanical ventilation, sanitary and fresh water.
C12.2.2
.1 In addition to the normal operational conditions of propulsion and safety as per 12.2.2, steering conditions are also to be provided.
.2 Those services necessary to provide normal operational conditions of propulsion, steering and safety do not include services such as:
.2.1 thrusters not forming part of the main propulsion system, .2.2 windlass,
.2.3 moorings,
.2.4 cargo handling gear, .2.5 cargo pumps, and .2.6 air conditioning.
12.2.3 The arrangements of the craft’s main source of electrical power shall be such that the services referred to in 12.1.1.1 can be maintained regardless of the speed and direction of the propulsion machinery or shafting.
12.2.4 In addition, the generating sets shall be such as to ensure that, with any one generator or its primary source of power out of operation, the remaining generating set(s) shall be capable of providing the electrical services necessary
to start the main propulsion plant from dead craft condition. The emergency source of electrical power may be used for the purpose of starting from a dead craft condition if its capability either alone or combined with that of any other source of electrical power is sufficient to provide at the same time those services required to be provided by 12.7.3.1 to 12.7.3.3 or 12.7.4.1 to 12.7.4.4 or 12.8.2.2.1 to 12.8.2.2.4.1, as appropriate.
12.2.5 Where transformers constitute an essential part of the electrical supply system required by this section, the system shall be so arranged as to ensure the same continuity of supply as is stated in 12.2.
C12.2.5 This requirement also applies to static converters or charging units.
The following requirement also applies to these transformers:
The number, capacity and arrangement of power transformers supplying auxiliary electrical systems are to be such that, with any one transformer not in operation, the remaining transformer(s) is (are) sufficient to ensure the safe operation of those services necessary to provide normal operational conditions of propulsion and safety. Minimum comfortable conditions of habitability are also to be ensured, including at least adequate services for cooking, heating, domestic refrigeration, mechanical ventilation, sanitary and fresh water. Each transformer required is to be located as a separate unit, with a separate enclosure or equivalent arrangement, and is to be served by separate circuits on the primary and secondary sides. Each primary circuit is to be provided with switchgear and protective devices in each phase. Each of the secondary circuits is to be provided with a multipole isolating switch. Transformers supplying a bow thruster are excluded.
12.2.6 A main electric lighting system which shall provide illumination throughout those parts of the craft normally accessible to and used by passengers and crew shall be supplied from the main source of electrical power.
12.2.7 The arrangement of the main electric lighting system shall be such that a fire or other casualty in spaces containing the emergency source of electrical power, associated transforming equipment, if any, the emergency switchboard and the emergency lighting switchboard will not render inoperative the main electric lighting system required by 12.2.6.
12.2.8 The main switchboard shall be so placed relative to one main generating station that, as far as practicable, the integrity of the normal electric supply may be affected only by a fire or other casualty in one space. An environmental enclosure for the main switchboard, such as may be provided by a machinery control room situated within the main boundaries of the space, shall not be considered as separating the switchboards from the generators.
C.12.2.8 By "main generating station" is understood one or more generating set(s).
For the purpose of classification, the Society adds the following interpretation of the above requirement:
"The main switchboard and generating sets are, in general, to be located in the same main fire zone (if any), or in the same machinery compartment. However, the main switchboard may be installed inside a machinery control room, provided that such a room be contained within the main boundaries of the engine room."
12.2.9 The main busbars shall normally be subdivided into at least two parts which shall be connected by a circuit-breaker or other approved means. So far as is practicable, the connection of generating sets and any other duplicated equipment shall be equally divided between the parts. For category B craft, each part of the main busbars with its associated generators shall be arranged in separate compartments.
12.3 Emergency source of electrical power
12.3.1 A self-contained emergency source of electrical power shall be provided.
12.3.2 The emergency source of electrical power, associated transforming equipment, if any, transitional source of emergency electrical power, emergency switchboard and emergency lighting switchboard shall be located above the waterline in the final condition of damage as referred to in chapter 2, operable in that condition and readily accessible.
12.3.3 The location of the emergency source of electrical power and associated transforming equipment, if any, the transitional source of emergency power, the emergency switchboard and the emergency electrical lighting switchboards in relation to the main source of electrical power, associated transforming equipment, if any, and the main switchboard shall be such as to ensure that a fire or other casualty in spaces containing the main source of electrical power, associated transforming equipment, if any, and the main switchboard or in any machinery space will not interfere with the supply, control, and distribution of emergency electrical power. As far as practicable, the space containing the emergency source of electrical power, associated transforming equipment, if any, the transitional source of emergency electrical power and the emergency switchboard shall not be contiguous to the boundaries of the main
machinery spaces or those spaces containing the main source of electrical power, associated transforming equipment, if any, or the main switchboard.
12.3.4 Provided that suitable measures are taken for safeguarding independent emergency operation under all circumstances, the emergency generator, if provided, may be used exceptionally, and for short periods, to supply non
12.3.4 Provided that suitable measures are taken for safeguarding independent emergency operation under all circumstances, the emergency generator, if provided, may be used exceptionally, and for short periods, to supply non