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The Effect of Gender and Age on Nutritional Status of Hemodialysis Patients

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(1)

The Effect of

Gender and Age on Nutritional

Status of Hemodialysis

Patients

Wu HC

1

,Lin WC

2

, Wu PY

3

, Yang SH

1,4

1.2.3

School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University

4

Nutrition research center, Taipei Medical University Hospital

(2)

Abstract

Objective: This study purpose is to find out the effect of gender and age on nutritional status of

hemodialysis patients.

Subject and Methods: 107 chronic hemodialysis(CHD) subjects were recruited from Wanfang

Hospital and Taipei Medical University Hospital in Sep. 2010. All subjects had hemodialysis

treatment at least 3 months. Subjects were divided into tertile groups by age, less than 50 years,

51-70 years and above 70 years. The data of demographic, anthropometric and laboratory were

collected. Serum albumin, creatinine, and GNRI (geriatric nutritional risk index) score were used

as nutrition marker. All subjects wrote 3-day dietary records, and analyzed their dietary energy

and protein intake.

Results: Comparing to male hemodialysis patients, the female patients had similar level of all

nutrition markers (p>0.05, table 1). Subjects who were more than 70 years had significantly

lower BMI (body mass index), GNRI score, serum albumin and creatinine than those fifty and

less (p < 0.05, table 2). Therefore, elder subjects may have poorer nutritional status than

younger subjects. Ageing caused lower serum albumin level and maybe one of the malnutrition

risk factors of hemodialysis patients.

Conclusion: Malnutrition in CHD patients is no significantly different in gender, but age,

especially older than 70 years old.

(3)

Introduction

The prevalence of malnutrition is high in dialysis

patients, and malnutrition increases the morbidity and

mortality.

Elder hemodialysis patients have less dietary intake.

Poor dietary intake is one of the major cause of malnutrition

among dialysis patients.

Female subjects eat less dietary energy and protein

than male which may contribute to higher malnutrition

risk.

(4)

Results

The female patients had similar

level of all nutrition markers

(p>0.05, table 1).

comparing to male hemodialysis

patients,

No significantly different

between different gender in the

age and dietary intake.

Table 1.Comparison of age, anthropometric and laboratory data between male and female.

variable Male (n = 53) Female (n = 54) p

Age, years 64.3 ±1.9 62.5 ±2.1 0.545 BMI, kg/m2 23.0 ±0.5 23.1 ±0.6 0.889 Hemoglobin, mg/dl 10.7 ±0.2 10.3 ±0.2 0.071 Total Protein, g/dl 6.9 ±0.1 6.7 ±0.1 0.070 Albumin, g/dl 4.0 ±0.0 3.9 ±0.1 0.175 Creatinine, mg/dl 10.9 ±0.4 10.0 ±0.4 0.111 Potassium, mEq/L 4.5 ±0.1 4.6 ±0.1 0.325 Phosphate, mg/dl 5.3 ±0.2 5.0 ±0.2 0.229 Ca×PO4 , mg2/dl2 49.7 ±1.6 46.3 ±2.1 0.197 Kt/V 1.54 ±0.05b 1.71 ±0.03a 0.005 GNRI score 99.5 ±0.8 97.9 ±1.0 0.227 Calorie, kcal/kg 24.6 ±1.1 24.2 ±1.1 0.792 Protein, g/kg 0.97 ±0.05 0.97 ±0.04 0.982 Variable are expressed as mean ± SE. Age; BMI, body mass index; Hemoglobin; Total Protein; Albumin; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; Creatinine; Cholesterol; Triglyceride; Potassium; Calcium; Phosphate; Ca×PO4 , calcium phosphate product;

Kt/V; GNRI, geriatric nutritional risk index; Calorie; Protein. Values with different superscripts are significantly different at

(5)

Results

Subjects who were more than 70 years had

significantly lower BMI (body mass index),

GNRI score, serum albumin and creatinine

than those fifty and less (p < 0.05, table 2).

Therefore, elder subjects may have poorer

nutritional status than younger subjects.

Previous studies showed that elder people loss their

body weight more than 0.68kg per year, and most of

lost body weight is muscle mass.

Ageing caused lower serum albumin level and

maybe one of the malnutrition risk factors of

hemodialysis patients.

However, we did not find elder subjects had

significantly decreased dietary energy and

protein intake.

Inadequate dietary energy and protein intake were

not major contributors of malnutrition in these

patients.

Table 2. Comparison of anthropometric and laboratory data between different age.

variable Group A ( ≦50 years) Group B ( 51-70 years) Group C (>70 years) BMI, kg/m2 24.1 ±0.7a 23.4 ±0.6ab 21.7 ±0.5b male,n(%) 17(48.6) 17(48.6) 19(51.4) Total Protein, g/dl 6.9 ±0.1 6.7 ±0.1 6.7 ±0.1 Albumin, g/dl 4.1 ±0.1a 4.0 ±0.1ab 3.8 ±0.1b GNRI score 100.8 ±1.2a 99.5 ±0.9ab 95.9 ±1.2b Hemoglobin, mg/dl 10.6 ±0.3 10.6 ±0.2 10.3 ±0.2 Creatinine, mg/dl 13.0 ±0.4a 9.4 ±0.4b 8.9 ±0.4b Potassium, mEq/L 4.9 ±0.1a 4.4 ±0.1b 4.5 ±0.1ab Phosphate, mg/dl 5.8 ±0.2a 4.9 ±0.2b 4.7 ±0.2b Ca×PO4 , mg2/dl2 55.3 ±2.5a 45.3 ±2.1b 43.5 ±1.9b Kt/V 1.64 ±0.05 1.62 ±0.05 1.63 ±0.05 Calorie, kcal/kg 23.1 ±1.2 25.3 ±1.5 24.7 ±1.3 Protein, g/kg 0.85 ±0.1b 1.00 ±0.1ab 1.05 ±0.1a

Variable are expressed as mean ± SE or number.sex; BMI, body mass index; Hemoglobin; Total Protein; Albumin; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; Creatinine; Cholesterol; Triglyceride; Potassium; Calcium; Phosphate; Ca×PO4 , calcium phosphate product; Kt/V;

GNRI, geriatric nutritional risk index; Calorie; Protein. Values in the same column with different superscripts are significantly different at p<0.05 by chi-square or ANOVA test.

(6)

Conclusion

Malnutrition in CHD patients is no significantly

different in gender, but age, especially older

than 70 years old.

數據

Table 1.Comparison of age, anthropometric and laboratory  data between male and female.
Table 2. Comparison of  anthropometric and laboratory data  between different age.

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