1
Role-Conflict Problem of Policemen in Taiwan,R.O.C. NSC 88-2416-H-110-029- 87 8 1 88 7 31 !"#$%&'()*+,- . /01234516789 :" 5;<=>?@AB CDE FGHIC9:5=>CJKLMAN O,5IPNQR5ST@. U VHWXYZP[\]^_`"abcS ;<=>defghHijHklm9: ;<=>?Hno6pqrs\Htu v09:5wxPyzf{@ 1234|;<=>|WXYZ| [\] Abstract
The purpose of this research is to investigate how difficult the policemen in Taiwan play their roles with respect to diverse expectations from their superiors, from their families and from the society. Solutions to the problems are proposed.
Keywords: Role conflict, job stress, Need for cognition, Locus of Control.
k}~Hv>M r H9/5HMr /HP9 5uLq@ 9 ¡HLB¢ £¤¥¦H9:L§¨~M©ª *«¬"5L§HB¢£® 9 L§"c¯¢£°±²³´®"Hµ¶ c·¸´9:;<5¹¹?º»¼H ½&¾¿Àk/ÁÂ5ª9:5; <=>@;<=>S9:" ÃÄÅ ÆFÇÈ|;<º"ÉÊËÌ@ 9:ÍM~=>5Î*HÏNÐ5Ñ Ò@=>Ó&H1234;<=>5 /ÔÁFÕCooper & Payne, 1978ÖH ÁAB CDEFGH9:512ר KØÙÚH1234?Û9:" & ±kÜHÝÞ9:" ¿ßàáNâ5 12H㪩äåæçH׿èéêë ãìí512345îèïðÝñHB òó@9:12345=>KÓôõpö9 :;<.Ã5÷|A5=>|Bø5 ù~úH×KLpû5/Z|ü5 I|9 .Ã5ýþºLÒVYZ ^^H. ÛlÛ5Aºo 6H9:" 12345Ü6@ ½HÁk9:;<5¹¹÷H ëÎ*"" 5;<@M" aP;<5pKHæ "a5¹CHd¶/5"a SMl&5kdH ½&[\]"aWXYZ"a _`/5"a@[\]5"a m`" L!d> j lm?"æWXYZ5"a#m `"$%&'H(l)* iUý5+,H-?³j7@M9 :5;<=> /KLM9:;<.Ã5 N.÷HÛµ/5+,H,çpK0H 1[]PWXYZ~5 9M L! jlm?H×2M345678H ij9:5;<=>ׯ;@ÁëH . 5 <=F¤ãÛ78µ_`" abcpS9:5;<=> g h@ !"#$ ()\Û=>9:;<¿èé>?P@A FB,HÁæCD\K5=>@
2 (¤)=>EÑE59:FG P+,Hý¯ÜIºJK5;<LM@N NOPqb±5;<|QR5;<| jºD¹;<K#P{S^ÁÂHTH ý;<p5=>@ (U)`"=>KLâV5WXYE 5=>H Ä,=>P`"W53 4HZ9:9:ÛAp5[%@ (\)äå=>Á;<5÷]^H9:_ ß`¿OCaApbcºNd5èH _ßeRf?HghhiN:S^5j XklH·æ èéBøSmN^ ]n@ %&'()!"#$ *+ Lassiter, Birggs & Bowman(1991)Wk "S78oZpq5`"rsH-gh tuÛv,kpd%w56@~WX YZ«xyWXYZ5"¯;ÄzzO{ ´ltu5|H0F&}~d <HjPtu5<@ \Û|5N.÷(=>ÓH æ09:;<516KHN.÷± 9:;<5(÷P=>KÓ@WXY Z¹&'|&'5"a HD¹ efA5bæ ÙÚH]i9:;<±Y/~WXY Z5@yWXYZ5 91q |÷~5;<HÛèS?5R N&'Hij x¯NPqV ¦9:;<5÷HÁæ9:5;< => ×x¯(@ ,-./!"#$ *+ Spector(1986)5 HX5] o>(perceived control)_`;<=>Ó Õ1234|12Öjº;<=>d ef@,çpH\]5"x¯ i;<|d=>(Payne 1988; Spector and O’Connell, 1994) H Spector and O’Connell ×UVH[]5 ;x\] 5 ;V¯y5=>@ 9:;<pdCNâ5/ZHHý ;<=>H[\]ghX:5;<= >@. 09:" 5;<=>UH f78Û9:5;<|&H[\] gh9:5;<=>@9:;<5N. ÷|>?÷jºA÷ 9IC 5;<=>H[]5"iL!(]o |Hij 9:;<¹ "·5HÛâ/5+,H\]5" ªµ¹+ ¹¡(5= > H æ Ã Ä p¡ (5 ¢£ (Schuler, 1980)@ 012 ()1234: 1234Ák_¹jp ¤m¥5O,Ti 5¦|H]Û Ò§12kRUý¨©5Vª@123 45KÓ¹dC5 H(p j«¬`F123456P àá125cºÙÚ÷Ûf®¹ Ê@©æ¯H12°EHvMS %5B±HXTk5wN² RH123456×(@. 51 234³Ê «´'Dû7µH `ùÒO¶?9:" GH·ÒÉ<*R èé5+|i¸@.³¹ 17 Hº 5»öHTP12÷|;<34| 9 iv|dH5Û¼³9:" Û12àápiXF34 6@ (¤);<=>³Ê´' Beehr and Newman(1978)F?½H¹ 15 @º 5»öHTP=>F·qdH/Z ¼«¾½=>·q56@
(U)WXYZ³Ê¿À Cacioppo, Petty & Kao(1984)· Cohen et al.(1955)i¸ FWXYZ³(The need for cognition scale)Á.ÂÃæ5Ä.@Á.³ ¹ 34 HG`ÂÃk 18 5Ä.
(\)[\] ųj Rotter(1966)5[ \]³(Rootter’s I/E Scale)k·@5 RHj[]÷5HÆ5ØyÇØ\]@
345
3 ª@Ê 88 ~ÈÉv9:î"ÑË¡ HÌ~ÈÉÝÞ 9ÍnJÎÆÏG¹ d 2700 "@. ¿Ð5Þe=Ñ/5L MÑ~ÈÉÎ`9:5î<k / .H^GÒSÑ5D5îÓÍ5DÔ i|ÕÛiU?½@¹U 1100 Ö? ½Hj× 867 ÖHj×k 78.8%HÍn ¤?½GHdj×k 63.4%@ 678 Ø « M (j ;< => kÁ bc ) e ÇH1234|WXYZ|[\]|Ù jº[\äS;<=>def5Ú¼ >@LbÛ&Hj1234WXYZS ;<=>5Ú¼>¾~Õ¾ .001 5efÜ ÝÖ@0Ø«Êc XH1234(|WX YZy|\]|Ù¯Þ|\ä«H;< =>ª±(@ 9:; ()S 9`"Lè 1.qd`ß5àá:7µeÇÙØ~ «;<=>ØyHר1[]HµP`ß dHÁk¯Á5 9ÛÎåC5â zHx¯lRãP=>5+,HSÎ å5PqׯäH1234?ׯ;@ 7å5 9 jCq7æ5àá ½`ßH(±çOPq;<|ºÎå@ 2. ¿ÐÁq5èé(Hall,1972): a.¥êèéP12ú«ëì|¥uH jS12wHHý]íLTC 512ú@ÐÐ\Û|Õì¿; <|Ö5î!º[Û|Õï½ü Ö5¥ðHjñòÖ512¢£@ b.ÒwèéL!j516ºWó Kô³L!\Û512úHæ¾ :ñò123455@tu 9 jt %125/õö÷ø|ùyXún®¶ 125ú^@ c.÷qèéZãWk\Û512/Z TN rb5Hû²sL!12k 5üHjýþid/Z@tu 9 j ±³>|±)OjúD¹12 5ÒV@ 3.0Ñýþ:lL!5YZP|5 YZHjL!¾PO512HX iÐHªx¯Nd12345?@ º`9:" _ß{áýþ@ (¤)S9 +Lè: 1." PÀ:. UVH` WXYZ~|æ1[]«Hx¯ .Ã5;<=>@. UVH⺠~5HWXYZ×~H×v ,1234P;<=>@^æH LèS IC1234P;<=>5g¤ |U5\äÝÞ9 H7µ& eÇkWXYZN~H1\]5H ½1234º;<=>5?5Ü j @ÁëHL9:" 5wx| XÀHª/@Û<mpH j¼½"aº÷qH¬³è |12àá^Hj5lq'«5 >P"a@ 2.o6O,E|"÷E: 9:ICNO ,5o6× 9:51234? Á FH/±C5"9H_ ßrVdo6@äåo6HÁkÁ RãäH]i¶ 9 ´ÑH ·æ]äN!@q"-ä#o65 $i±k"÷EH'³äå| éRäå5ÒÉYZH %&'(H ]½ij#)@*\H×q+8,-.m| /0+1|}2 9±Cá5= H34 95SsÂ^@ +q67 89íë34512úÕLè/ Z.üHLè/Z.c³ÖHj ñy 912345¨:@ 3. 9:;<=: />;&'ÕWX YZ~Ö|dL lm?Õ[]?Ö5" @@ABCD05<=H ]"5qb>br@ù{9:k E]oHY/FS5D0HVÛ5A Y/5*9:HæèSb<5A
4 H9:±Y/5CDE5WÅ&' >@q"-º`Îå125÷|YZ º12Pq^LmXHæLM GùH IJXÒá5LmKñò12KL5¨ |@ë\H9:5L§~Me9:" ÛèS¨©RHNOPL!+P5 >Hæµ×9:<=&iQN5yz@ ÁëH9:<=NR/>;STíÌ5 "H±/³Uý5=>º+P5+, >@ 4. S 95ýþ: 9:`"V^ /ýþHW +º=Ûèpß³ j¥ð@9:=(Xðº` 9 {YZýþHsæ{l|H [\ 9ÛNâýþ]PR5¥ðH #_ñy 9Ûº`]Nâ5123 4?@ 5. rsS 9F^ê_`: 9:" ^ê_`o6MB¢£abÒH ½ /5k²s 9Ä,ÅÆHcd 9L§Ñ 5UýHæ9ìeÌ 9:=jå5LMH%Ä,_ `ËHS\jfgHhijkF@WÁ gHÓÍMl:ËH 9SgHH ýmHÈnoNp5}qHægh rK50@9: s*5Ä, ^êDåHS9:" }2Ä,t$|} ~;<^Lè5XðH %_ `H\jtu@ <=>? !"#$ %&'( )*+,-./012 3456789:;<=-.9> ?@A % BA % CD EFG%$
3. Beehr, T. A and Newman, J. E.(1978) “Job Stress, Emplyee Health, and Organizational Effectiveness. A Facet Analysis, Model and Literature Review.” Personnel Psychology, 1978, 31:
665-699.
4. Cacioppo, J. T., Petty, R. E., & Kao, C. F. (1984). “The efficient assessment of need for cognition”. Journal of
Personality Assessment, 48, 306-307. 5. Cooper, C. L., and 4.Payne, R. (1978).
Stress at Work. London: John Wiley. 6. Hall, T. D.(1972). “A Model of Coping
with Role Conflict: The Role Behavior of College Educated Women”.
Administrative Science Quarterly. 7. Lassiter, G. D., Briggs, M. A., & Slaw, R.
D. (1988). “Need for Cognition Causal Processing, and Memory for Behavior”. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin.
8. Payne, R (1988), "A Longitudinal Study of the Psychological Well-being of Unemployed Men and the Mediating Effect of Neuroticism," Human Relations, 41, 119-138.
9. Rotter, J. B. (1966). “Generalized Expectancies of Internal versus External Control of Reinforcement.”
Psychological Monographs 80(1, Whole No. 609).
10. Schuler, Randall S. (1980), "Definition and Conceptualization of Stress in Organizational Behavior and Human Performance”, 25, 184-215.
11. Spector, P. E. (1986), "Perceived Control by Employees: A Meta-Analysis of Studies Concerning Autonomy and
Participation at Work," Human Relations, 39, 1005-1016.
12. Spector, Paul E. and Brian J. O'Connell (1994), "The Contribution of Personality Traits, Negative Affectivity, Locus of Control and Type A to the Subsequent Reports of Job Stressors and Job Strains," Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology,