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從個人傷痕到集體記憶──《橘子紅了》小說改寫與影劇改編的衍義歷程

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(1)ȮѯᢋНᏱᏱൣȯಒΝ෉ 2005 Ԓ 12 У ॳ 67-98. ௄ঐ΢།౸‫ژ‬໲ᡞଅᏺ ˕˕ȮᐙφकΠȯϊᇴ‫׾‬ቹᇅኈቒ‫׾‬ጢ ‫ޠ‬ोဏᐤโ ೆۤН ߡἼʑतञણʑߡᄽણ₇Հ᫧ᄞ࿙. ʑᄽၪ⣬ ȲᐙφकΠȳϊᇴ‫׾‬ቹᇅኈቒ‫׾‬ጢ‫ޠ‬ᐤโΫϸᖆፓй൳ਣхཏဏȂҐНଢ ᙺ঩ۗၦਠၑშᚅ‫ݚ‬૖๝Ȅศ֘пයНُߞȂॴੀྤஏමࠕȂկፓᚖ‫ޠ‬ঢ়৴न ෂณ‫ݳ‬ӶයНϜӦᄃȂ༊૗‫ٸ‬Ꭽϊᇴຏᄻ‫ޠ‬ஶᄎȂ௥ଢ଼ϛѠّᇴ‫ޠ‬઎ᄃစᡜȂ Ȳᐙ φकΠȳϊᇴ঩‫ڦ‬؆Ս઎΢ᄃ‫ٲ‬Ȃഇ៪ศ֘‫ޠ‬ঢ়৴စᐤ‫ڸ‬ٙзϟᖽȂࠊԫԄȲߢ ҞȳȃȲప‫ڌ‬ȳ‫ڸ‬ណձȲࢗφकΠȳഎ࣐ᚡ؆ࣻߗ‫ޠ‬НҐȂձ޲ӶЇ᙮ਫቹ‫ޠ‬ႇ โϜໍ՘Ս‫ݾש‬ᕜ‫ڸ‬ఀᠠȄ઎ᄃᇅຏᄻ໣ᔫ࢐֥ె‫ޠ‬ӵழȂᡲኈቒ‫׾‬ጢ޲‫ޠ‬དྷ ჌Ωூԥщϸࢋ৥‫ޫޠ‬໣ȂोҢяϛӤ௒࿾๗‫ུޠ׌‬НҐȄӤᎇձঢ়ԨҪЬ‫׾‬ ጢ‫ޠ‬ኅክቒτᡞᒴඊ঩຀௒࿾Յ‫ُ؂‬τᖛȇࡤᎇ֕۞ᐠႬኈቒҐпࡤ೪К‫ݳ‬ᄈ ྲϭܾ‫ٯ‬Їࡧ‫ܓڎ‬೏ძȂᒋΤศ֘઎ᄃစᡜй௥સϲӶзࣩȇτഛಒϥхᏳᅌ ؄Ўक‫ޠ‬ႬຝቒȂ஡঩຀௒࿾ԣ‫׸‬Ͼȃ΢‫ޑ‬ፓᚖϾȃޫ໣‫ܫ‬ຬϾȃཏຬᘘτϾȂ й஽Ͼ‫ۢڽ‬ᢏȂࢌ‫״‬ցࠔϬ‫ཽަ࡛ࡍܼښڨ‬ІЯ᠍ᢏ‫ޠ܉‬ϛᄖ‫ۼ‬ᄙ࡚ȂӶϜ୾ τഛЖକ྄τ‫ލ‬ឋȂҐНᇰ࣐सศ֘᝸‫࢑ޠܜ‬ϥѳНᏱϜྤ࢚ஏङ‫ޠ‬Κ૖Ȃ‫׾‬ ጢ‫ޠ‬Ⴌຝቒ߰࢑ᇅϥѳᐮໍΚ૖ໍ՘ᄈၘᇅЇࡧȄ঩ձ޲ঐ΢‫ޠ‬഻།စᡜȂೞ ೏ܼϛӤަཽНϾनෂ‫ࡤޠ‬хυ‫ܓ‬഻ձ޲२ུၜមȂໍՅኪ୞ΠҖఋ໲ᡞଅ.

(2) 68! ȮѯᢋНᏱᏱൣȯಒΝ෉. ᏺȂԚ࣐ᔯᡜަཽཏᜌ࠯ᄙึ৥‫ࡿޠ‬ዀȄ 〦⼫⥱Ř᫹‫؃‬ ヅ⣶Ԯ. ᑢઈ₏ʴ ᄊ૯. ቒᱺᖛ ᄊℶ. ‫ؖ‬ઔᑉ. ቦଇ₏. ೊႩԮ. ヅഛԮ቏.

(3) ௄ঐ΢།౸‫ژ‬໲ᡞଅᏺ˕˕ȮᐙφकΠȯϊᇴ‫׾‬ቹᇅኈቒ‫׾‬ጢ‫ޠ‬ोဏᐤโ! 69. From individual trauma to collective memory ѧѧthe derivation and connotation between the fictions and plays of “Oranges turn red” Yi-Wen Chuang Associate Professor, Department of Chinese Literature National Central University. Abstract The rewrite of the fiction and the reproduction of plays of “Oranges turn red” were very complicated and represented the significance of the era.. The goal of this. thesis is to analyze the transaction through tracing original data.. Chi-Chun, the. writer of “Oranges turn red”, was known for her gentle and honest non-fiction writing.. In order to embody the unspeakable true experiences from her complex. family background though, Chi-Chun chose the form of fiction to express herself. “Oranges turn red” along with Chi-Chun’s early creations such as “A-Yu” and “Li-Re” were all based on her own experience and were written to express her personal experiences and the myth of her life.. Chi-Chun performed self-treatment. and rescue via repeated writings, and created an ambiguous space between reality and fiction that let play-writers’ imagination to be able to fully expressed thus created new texts with different endings. Through the re-creation from different playwrights and writers, “Oranges turn red” was changed from gentle and composed fiction into valiant radio shows, movies, and radical TV dramas.. The personal trauma of Chi-Chun was then. re-annotated by female creators with various social backgrounds, which eventually lead to the national memory and became the standard in examine the development.

(4) 70! ȮѯᢋНᏱᏱൣȯಒΝ෉. of social consciousness. KEY WORDSΚChi-chunʳ “Oranges turn red”ʳ Chu,bai-shuiʳ Wu,meng-chiao, Li,shao-hungʳ radio showʳ film scriptʳ TV dramaʳ rewriteʳ adaptation.

(5) ௄ঐ΢།౸‫ژ‬໲ᡞଅᏺ˕˕ȮᐙφकΠȯϊᇴ‫׾‬ቹᇅኈቒ‫׾‬ጢ‫ޠ‬ोဏᐤโ! 71. ௄ঐ΢།౸‫ژ‬໲ᡞଅᏺ ǖǖȳᑢઈ₏ʴȴଅ⦦ᄊ૯⎞ഛԮᄊℶ᱿⠘∑ᔕỄ. пයНُߞ‫ޠ‬ศ֘Ȟ1917ʂȟ ȂϊᇴȲᐙφकΠȳӱ‫׾‬ጢ࣐ႬຝቒՅԚ࣐ঢ় ൖЙᐏ‫ޠ‬ӫ຀Ȅᄈศ֘Յّ೼጖ϊᇴ‫ޠ‬२्ཏဏȂ࢑ථ໡ٙз‫ޠ‬બஞஶᄎȂԟ ӶԫНึߓϟࠊȂԃ෇ቹձᚡ؆ࣻߗϟձȈȲߢҞȳȞ1956ȟȃȲప‫ڌ‬ȳȞ1964ȟȂ ‫ٯ‬ណԥȲࢗφकΠȳ Ȟ1966ȟȂᗠᡷစԒՅࡤҟዤဤဢȄ1987 ԒȲᐙφकΠȳึ ߓࡤȂ෇ԥԨҪЬ‫׾‬ጢ࣐ኅክቒȞ1990ȟ Ȃέစ֕۞ᐠ‫׾‬ጢ࣐ႬኈቒҐȞ1998ȟȂ ࡤҦ‫ۭڎ‬Ӭձȃτഛ؄ЎकஉᏳႬຝഀ៊ቒȞ2001ȟ Ȃή޲എ࢑пߓᅌРԓ༉ҁ ᔜቒ‫ޠܓ‬అ‫ࣁٲ‬୞Ȃ 1ϛӤ᛻೛‫ם‬ԓ‫׾ޠ‬ጢȂഇ៪НᏱ༉ክРԓ‫׾ޠ‬ᡑȄ ȲᐙφकΠȳ‫ޠ‬НҐᅌᛱȂᐤစႊϥΫԒ‫ྒޠ‬УȞ୥ُߓΚȟ ȂϛӤНҐϟ ໣ࣻϤࡿਗ਼ᇅӕ౫‫ޠ‬௒‫ݸ‬ΫϸᖆፓȂดՅ༊ԥΚ‫׌ٳ‬ഌႮය‫ޠ‬ः‫ف‬Ȅ2ҐНၑშ ൷ᄇ঩ۗၦਠȂєࢃศ֘ᏱҢ‫៍ؿݔ‬೥ፚ‫ڐ‬ٙзґё‫ޠ‬ጉӈȂԨҪЬӒҢ‫׾‬ጢ ‫ޠ‬ኅክቒȂпІ֕۞ᐠυς‫׾‬ጢ‫׈‬Ԛկґ໡ܰ‫ޠ‬ႬኈቒҐȂп෉ᚅ‫ݚ‬ԫΚᛂᚖ ૖๝Ȅ3፤Н࢝ᄻӒϸ‫ݚ‬ศ֘ȲᐙφकΠȳ‫ޠ‬ҢԚȂ௥સศ֘ഇႇࣻߗᚡ؆‫ޠ‬Ї ᙮ਫቹȂഃᅛථ៪ٙзϟᖽ‫ٯ‬Սᕜ഻།ଅᏺȂໍՅпԫ၍ម‫ڐ‬഻ձ੬፵ȇ‫ڐ‬Ԫ ଇ፤‫׾‬ጢՍȲᐙφकΠȳ‫ޠ‬ႬኈቒҐᇅႬຝቒȂҦܼศ֘঩຀пයН์።҂ጦ 1 2. 3. ጿⓉȂȮႬຝቒȈᔜቒ༉ክ‫ޠ‬అ‫ٲ‬౪፤ȯȞѯіȈήҖȂ2000 ԒȟȂॳ 64Ȅ Ԅৈ‫ఽע‬ȲҕυഀЗ‫ף‬ฯྀ ศ֘Ӳᏺᓄຠ፭ȳࡿяȲߢҞȳ ȃȲᐙφकΠȳ࢑ศ֘Ӳᏺᓄ Ϝ‫ޠ‬ஆᙄഌϸȂఅख़޲൸࢑ձ޲ՍϐȞȮϜѶСൣȯಒΟ‫ޏ‬Ȃ1991 Ԓ 11 У 9-10 Сȟȇച ໰߈Ȯศ֘ϊᇴः‫ف‬ȯȞѯіҀҴ৲ጓᏱଲᔗңᇮّНᏱः‫ܛف‬ᆉς፤НȂ1993 ԒȟҼ ԥ‫׌‬ഌଇ፤ȇ‫׾‬ጢႬຝቒഌϸࠍԥ‫ݔ‬य‫׀‬Ȳ௄ȶᐙφकΠȷၯ᛻೛ϤН౫ຬࣽ౫хНᏱ ༉ክȳȂಒΝ۪ߨԒНᏱཽឋȂ2003 ԒȄ ҐНߒጉ‫׈‬ԚࡤȂᇅ‫ܼ៍ؿݔ‬ӤΚःଇཽึߓ፤НȂࡤୌᕖ‫ڐ‬ґё‫ޠ‬೥ፚጉȇԨҪЬ‫׾‬ ጢ‫ޠ‬ኅክቒߴԇܼϜ୾ኅክϵѨȂစᇅ࿾ҭഌ৙ᑗಉυςᖓ๝ࡤࠊ‫܂‬᠚ழȂՅቒҐࠍณ ߴԇȇ֕۞ᐠቒҐґึߓя‫ޏ‬Ȃ࢑ܼᆪၰձ޲ঐ΢ၦਠϜୌดࢦᕖԫ์ၦਠȂᇅ֕υς ᖓ๝ࡤ඘ด᜺ණ‫ٽ‬ձः‫ف‬ңȂ੬ԫΚ‫ڂ‬यᗃȄ.

(6) 72! ȮѯᢋНᏱᏱൣȯಒΝ෉. ചख़ȂၷХુᔜቒ஼ΩȂӱԫ‫׾‬ጢ޲ђ஽Πፑऐ‫ܓ‬ȂԨҪЬ‫׾‬ጢ‫ޠ‬ኅክቒϑ් ԫᗛໍΚؐȇ֕۞ᐠႬኈቒҐࠍѠُձ޲ђΤਣхད‫ޠ‬ཏშȂՅ؄ЎकᏳᅌ‫ޠ‬ Ⴌຝቒ‫؂‬஡঩຀௒࿾ึ৥୉я྄τ‫׾ޠ‬୞Ȃ‫ڐ‬ᇅϊᇴНҐ‫ޠ‬ᄈྲᇅЖึ‫ލޠ‬ ឋȂη࢑ҐН௥ଇ‫ޠ‬२ᘉȄ‫׾‬ጢϛ༊౟ਗ਼᛻೛‫ם‬ԓ‫ڸ‬ৡ໕Ȃ‫׾‬ጢ޲‫ޠ‬नෂȃਣ хቌঅᢏ‫ܛڸ‬೏‫ཽަޠ‬๗ᄻनෂȂ‫؂‬ᡲ঩຀ϊᇴᖆोȃᅌᡑȃြᡑ࣐ϛӤཏဏȄ. ɺȮ⯿ʊʠ⧱ōԡЛ⥆ຣǖǖ᫹‫؃‬ȱᑢઈ₏ʴȲ᱿ᮝໞ ศ֘ȲᐙφकΠȳ࢑Κࠍ࠘ஏ౉ఴ‫ޠ‬ϊᇴȂఅख़޲‫ؿ‬৏ಂُτճ௳ཏϛѺ ‫ޠ‬τ༿൷‫ێ‬Ȃϊ‫߈ؿێ‬Ӷ๊ࡠτճߖ໑ϟਣȂ‫ڸ‬Ԓឮࣻߗ‫ޠ‬ϳ‫ڧ‬ฆҢ௒ཏȂࠔ ೞτ༿ߣᘟȂ‫߈ؿࡤڐ‬ᛅѺΡЋЋమ௦‫࠳ژ‬၈Ȃᡚམ‫߈ؿޠ‬ഀ‫ۍۈ‬ଡᏳयࢻ౱Ȃ ഷಥՍೱฑኍ੿ԬȄଷΠ௒࿾୞΢ϟѵȂϊᇴੀѵЖ΢‫ݨ‬ҭϟ೏ȂӶܼձ޲Ս ख़‫ڦ‬؆઎΢ᄃ‫ٲ‬ȄӲ៬ศ֘ᐤ‫ٿ‬ձࠣȂ೼጖ϊᇴ‫ޠ‬ષ؆‫ڐ‬ᄃයဤጼҢε‫ؽ‬Ȅ ԟӶȲᐙφकΠȳึߓ‫ޠ‬ήΫԒࠊȂԥഌৡᇽࣻծ‫ۑۙޠ‬጖ȲߢҞȳ Ȟ1956ȟ Ȅ пτЋЋ‫ޠ‬υ‫ڌ‬ϊ៸࣐అख़޲Ȃඣख़࠿্‫ޠ‬βᕘߢҞᇅή‫ࣻڧ‬ᠿȂࡤЯᒒ‫࠿ڸ‬ ্஡ϊ៸ІߢҞΚӤழ‫݋ژ‬ԏȂέೞ࠿্ึ౫ஔ‫ڎڧ‬΢ന໯‫ߖ܂‬Ȃ߰஡ߢҞል ଛӲᘔᘔঢ়Ȃഷࡤ༻ձ಼ঢ়ஐՅѷџᖓᛯȄ‫ڎ‬጖ϊᇴԥԄѷයӼԒ‫ޠ‬ᚗबफȂ ྄ܿࡿᇰȈఅख़޲ϊ៸ʝ‫ؿ‬৏‫ޠ‬Яᒒʝτճഎ஍Πᆡ݃ቘড়‫ޠ‬ΡЋЋȇՅೞ࠿ ্ຶ‫ٿ‬࿌βᕘ‫ߢޠ‬ҞȂ‫ڸ‬ೞτ༿ຶ‫ٿ‬ձ‫߈ؿޠێ‬Ȃөӱ੫্ԟԬ‫ڸ‬ҕᒒ‫༻׾‬ᇅ ъགӤ՟ȇ‫ࡤڐ‬ϸրᇅӶϜᏱ୵ਫ‫ޠ‬ή‫ڧ‬Ȃ‫ڸ‬Ӷ୵τᏱ‫ޠ‬ϊᏱᏱߞϳ‫ڧ‬ฆҢ௒ ⚌ȇϛঘϟᠿөೞΡЋЋ‫ڸ‬τЋЋึ౫Ȃԥ௒΢ഷಥೞय़ϸᚕȄϊᇴϛ༊௒࿾ ࣻߗȂِՔҼΫϸᄈᆏȞ୥ُߓΡȟȄ ศ֘ᗷّၿȈ ȶϛ҇ଢ‫ޠٲࢉف‬઎ᄃ‫ܓ‬Ԅեȷ Ȃࠔέഇ៪Ȉ ȶ‫ש‬੬ր୒ནԫ጖Ȃ Ȃ ȶਣႥΫᎸԒȂ ࢑ߢҞ‫ޠ‬઱ኈౌ౸ȂਣਣӶЗȷ Ȃ4ԫϜ΢‫ޑ‬цศ֘ȶ౐౐ᛅ‫܉‬ȷ २᠟ਣϬϛռౌЬࣵಃȄȷ5ߢҞ߰࢑ѫΚঐ‫߈ؿ‬ȂѬ࢑ԥ຀ϛӤٙϸ‫ڸ‬๗‫׌‬ȇ ࣦՎԪ्΢‫ޑ‬ηഎөԥ‫ٿ‬ᐤȂԄϊ៸ʝ‫ؿ‬৏‫ޠ‬ঢ়৴ఁ৲Ӥ࣐໑؇ϊᏱਯߞȂ‫ؿ‬. 4 5. ศ֘ȂȮᓁ༯Ա੹ȯȞѯіȈᅮ໰Ȃ1980 ԒȟȂॳ 5Ȅ ศ֘ȂȮΝУ࠘།ȯȞѯіȈᡚᖑН‫ޑ‬Ȃ1971 ԒȟȂॳ 158Ȅ.

(7) ௄ঐ΢།౸‫ژ‬໲ᡞଅᏺ˕˕ȮᐙφकΠȯϊᇴ‫׾‬ቹᇅኈቒ‫׾‬ጢ‫ޠ‬ोဏᐤโ! 73. ৏‫ޠ‬Ճ৲߭դȂ߰ծศ֘਀৲ৈ‫ܜ‬ᘶ‫ڸ‬ဩѽ໱‫ޠ‬ӬኈȂ Ȟ‫ڎ‬՞Ճ৲‫ם‬ຬُܼศ֘ ȮΚ᠜ఽौ࿳ᕿ௒Ȇ୉ঐȶᏱஇҢȷȯ‫ڸ‬Ȯ࿳Ьξύ৲Ѕ௒Ȇծ੖৲਀ȯ๊ձȟȇ ՎܼϊᇴϜ‫ߞޠ‬Ϗߞ۹ճʝߢώճࠍ಴फՍȮҕᒒ‫ߝޠ‬КᒽȆߢዀ‫ڧ‬ȯϜ‫ߢޠ‬ ᄹճȄϊᇴ‫ޠ‬ಒΚ΢ᆏ४‫ښ‬అ‫ٲ‬ᢏᘉȂᄃࠍഷ௦ߗձ޲࿌Ԓ౫ᄃЗძȂȲߢҞȳ ೞԞΤȮศ֘යНᒶȞϜऽᄈྲȟȯ၈Ȃ‫܄מ‬ӶН᜹ᐘၯ໣ᗵᗵഇ៪ΠՍ༉‫ܓ‬፵Ȅ ȲᐙφकΠȳυлِ‫߈ؿ‬ᇅࠊձߢҞᄃ࣐ᚗٙӤྜȇՎܼτ༿‫ޠ‬စᐤȂҼ ෇ӶȲప‫ڌ‬ȳ Ȟ1964ȟ౫ٙȄϊᇴఅख़ॶࠣ‫ۺ‬Ճ‫্ݗ‬ϛѺȂЊ‫ۏ‬୧ឋ஍‫ۺ‬সߢງ ࣐ϊՃ஖ȂԒሇ‫ߢޠ‬ງҢ‫يڌ‬υࡤூᛁȂೞտဤ‫ޠ‬τЋЋѬூ‫֎੊ף‬ᖑȂ஛௒ ܼߞφప‫ڌ‬஡уຝԄϐяȄప‫ڌ‬ϟӫȂ‫ڦ‬Ս‫ڐ‬ҢҕᛅѺ෉໣ЉЉ‫ٵ‬ңЬపϟࢉȂ ཱུࡿυлِᇅЊ൬௒དα‫ޠ‬ϸᚕȄձ޲ߓұࢉ‫ٲ‬ᙣҐ࢑ѯіҀ‫ۺ‬᎝Ճᗴ্‫ޠ‬઎ ᄃစᐤȂҦ‫ڐ‬Њ൬᠚ᆹࡤ֚‫ޤ‬ȂቹձЗ௒ȶΚԄ၏Н์።‫ޠ‬ሇᚭȷȂ 6 ൳ܼඎኗ ௒ᛅ‫ޠ‬ศ֘Ȃቹձ೼጖ඎቒਣեпЗ௒ሇᚭȂц΢ຳ၍ȂйਣႥ‫ڎ‬ԒϟࡤȂέ ᙛណࣻӤᚡ؆‫ޠ‬ϊᇴȲࢗφकΠȳȞ1966ȟȂ࿌ϜՍԥ঩‫ې‬Ȅ ȲࢗφकΠȳ࣐ᗻ୾υձঢ়৙ષ৒‫ܛ‬ձȂυлِ᝙ᇔӱϛѺл୞ԋ௷ΰЊᇌ ‫ێ‬Ȃூφࡤ‫ڎ‬΢ད௒ҢᡑȂ᝙ᇔՎѼ‫ۓ‬஺ঔ՘ȂᅗԼСਣΰЊᇅ‫ێ‬Ӥ‫ٿ‬௦ӲȂࠔ ُυ΢ᔝΠ‫ࡿר‬Ȃܼ࢑‫ܣ‬ԞΰЊѫ๞‫ࡿרޠ‬Ȃ࿌ί୙Ꮒяঢ়Ȅϊᇴϟӫྜܼ᝙ᇔ ๊ࡠΰЊ‫ٿ‬ਣȂ୞‫्܉‬኶ᐚαࢗφȂसႇԼࠍ࢑ईᛦᔗᡜ஡ཽᛅѺȂसґᅗ߰Ҙ ϛཽҢ‫ي‬Ȃկ‫੊ࠎء‬኶Ȃ‫ࡤڐ‬ΰЊ‫ٿ‬ਣழΠࢗφȂԃߖٙ‫ٽ‬դϛӕяྔȂпࢗφ कΠຬኊυ‫ޠܓ‬Ң‫ي‬Ȅศ֘ᇰ࣐ȶࢉ‫ߓٲ‬౫Π‫ݎ‬Рυ‫ޠܓ‬༉ಜৡ‫ף‬ᆡઢȷ Ȃ7ԃӱ ϛᔘᗻНՅᙾណՍऽНណҐȂดՅศ֘ऽНϛԂȂᇅϟࣻዤ‫ޠ‬ఐᎇഇ៪ȶसߩ೼ ጖ϊᇴцԃԥߩណϛѠ‫ޠ‬౪ҦȂԃ࢑ϛཽჃକࠎ੊‫ޠ‬ȷȂѠ૗࢑೼጖ϊᇴᡚ΢ӵ ֜Ӭ‫ڐ‬ȶঢ়৴ϟᄝȷȂ 8೼‫ٳ‬మّέЦ‫ཱུޠ‬ұȂӶȲᐙφकΠȳѠ൷яᆓখȄ ࠊං጖฼጖ϊᇴ‫ޠ‬ᑗತȂ‫࢑܄מ‬Κࢳᅟߞ‫ޠ‬ᗠᡷႇโȂᓎศ֘ሊᚕঢ়୾ಌ ۩੖ѵϟࡤȂЬ‫ژ‬ෳԚՅ፜ҢΠϜ጖ϊᇴȲᐙφकΠȳ Ȟ1987ȟ ȄϊᇴᡲȲߢҞȳ Ϝ‫ޠ‬ஔυᇅȲప‫ڌ‬ȳϜ‫࡫ޠ‬ஐඳ၇ӤѯᅌяȂέ৉ңΠȲࢗφकΠȳ‫ޠ‬጖ӫІ. 6 7 8. ศ֘ȂȮᓁ༯Ա੹ȯȂॳ 4Ȅ ศ֘ȃ‫๊ួؖ‬ណȂȮહНᏱ฼጖ϊᇴᒶណȯȞѯіȈહНᏱȂ1981 ԒȟȂॳ 14Ȅ ಓҴϜȂȲᇅᙠෂ໑௒֚րศ֘ȳȂȮϜ๽Н᛻ȯȞ2002 Ԓ 10 УȟȂॳ 14-15Ȅ.

(8) 74! ȮѯᢋНᏱᏱൣȯಒΝ෉. ཏຬȂпൊ੊ᚡҭቹඎ౉ࢉ‫ٲ‬ȄϊᇴϜτ༿ಭᄜԚᚗӵ኶ᆘᐙφȂ஛ଋԃᄈᚗ ᚗᄈᄈ‫ޠ‬෿గȂᐙφҦߨᙾकȃዤഇ‫ژ‬ဤᅿȂ‫߈ؿ‬ηҦߨᕃȃԚዤȃᛅѺ‫ژ‬Ԭ κȂпԫຬኊυ‫ޠܓ‬ԚߞᇅҢ‫ي‬Ȅ ȲᐙφकΠȳ၈ճҕ‫ޠ‬ҢࣁȂ݃ᡘ‫׺‬ኈՍศ֘යНȲҕᒒȳȈȶԃΚ‫ޣ‬Սҡ స‫ށ‬ӵ՟Ӷ໑໣Ȃ࣐Яᒒਠ౪ҥӵȃ‫ݏ‬༫ȷ ȂԒԒ஡ഷԂ‫ޠ‬Ь‫ݏ‬஛‫݋ژ‬ԏȂѬ् Яᒒ‫߭ٿ‬यᗃ߰ད‫ݡ‬ኒȇ9ϊᇴϜࡂυ‫ؿ‬৏ਣளቹ߭ණᒻτճӲঢ়‫ޠ‬௒࿾Ȃη֜ Ӭศ֘‫ޠ‬ՍٙစᡜȄ10ձ޲ߤαࡤଅᇴ݃Ȉȶ‫ٲ߈ؿ‬ᄃα‫ءٯ‬ԥԬȂՅ࢑ೞழ‫ژ‬ ѵӵȂ‫ڨ‬ᅿΠ‫׸‬ᑒȂӶτճംзࡤȂೞഃяঢ়ߟȄȷ 11 ԫࡤ๗໲я‫ޠޏ‬ਫࠊ‫ז‬ ϜȂέණІߖ໑௥ᒒُ‫ژ‬Ρ‫ڧ‬Ȟ֊ϊᇴϜϳ‫ڧ‬ȟ‫ޠ‬౫‫ݸ‬Ȃ 12 ‫ع‬υлِϸր౫ٙ ϟࡤȂձ޲ۗՍථٙзȈ ȶ‫ףש‬ϛ՟्Ӫᒒན‫ޠ‬᠟޲݊ЅӦ៪ΚӈЗ‫ٲ‬Ȉ኶ΫԒ ‫ٿ‬Ȃ‫์ש‬ί‫ޠ‬ҕᒒȂ‫ڐ‬ᄃ࢑ᄈ‫ש‬ԥЉାӵࠕϟན‫ޠ‬ճҕȄȷ 13 ௄ศ֘яҢԒ‫ࣽٿ‬Ȃ઎ᄃ‫ٲ‬ӈᔗึҢӶΡȃήɒԒхѿѢȂΡΫԒࡤศ֘ ቹձȲߢҞȳȂบп঩Ңঢ়৴࣐नෂȂέႇΠήΫԒࡤۗԥȲᐙφकΠȳȂϑ‫׾‬ ࣐అख़޲‫ޠ‬஛Ꮅঢ়৴Ȃϊᇴึߓࡤ‫ޠ‬ΫԒ໣Ȃձ޲ഛ៊ᙥҦ฼Нഇ៪ٙзᇅစ ᐤȄ௄ศ֘ϛӤԒх‫ޠ‬НҐӕ୥է೥ፚጉȂ‫ש‬উѠࡺෲя‫ٲ‬௒‫ޠ‬ᎉᄑȈศ֘҃ ਣႇ᝸๞‫ء‬૗Ң‫ޠي‬ճҕȂЯҕᚗκࡤ঱঱ηೞ௦‫ٿ‬Ȟᐄৈ‫ؾఽע‬ίၛୱூ‫ޤ‬ ࡤӱ࠿্౶ܼྲਠ੿ԬȟȂ‫ࡤڐ‬ήЋЋໍߟࠔ‫ڸ‬Ρ‫ڧ‬຃ึད௒ȂέೞΡЋЋᆙ ‫ښ‬Ȃ᎐‫ڨ‬ԄߢҞૢ‫׸ࡠेޠ‬ᑒȄՅ਴ᐄศ֘ᏱҢ‫៍ؿݔ‬೥ፚ‫ޠ‬ґёጉȂ౫ᄃϜ ஡ήЋЋ஍ໍߟ‫࢑ޠ‬ґ૗Ң‫ޠي‬ΡЋЋȂ‫ߩٯ‬Ӥኻηณ‫ڌ‬υ‫ޠ‬τ༿Ȅ 14 ሎႥљзखȂศ֘‫ّᜳޠ‬ϟᗵȂ࢑ӱ౟ਗ਼ፓᚖ‫ޠ‬ঢ়৴नෂȂйࢉ‫ٲ‬၈८౐ ‫ޠؗ‬ฯȂԥτ༿ȃ‫߈ؿ‬Ȃηԥձ޲Սϐ‫ޠ‬Ȅԃউөԥඎቒ‫ڽ‬ၽȂ‫ءܗ‬૗Ң‫ي‬ȃ. 9 10 11 12. 13 14. ศ֘ȂȮਵ߇ߧȯȞѯіȈᅮ໰Ȃ1976 ԒȟȂॳ 25Ȅ ศ֘ȂȮҘ࢑ԥ௒΢ȯȞѯіȈΟᅉȂ1998 ԒȟȂॳ 35Ȅ ศ֘ȂȮᐙφकΠȯȞѯіȈࢺጓȂ1991 ԒȟȂॳ 106Ȅ ӤαພȂॳ 7-8Ȅ ศ֘ȂȮҘ࢑ԥ௒΢ȯȂॳ 5Ȅ ศ֘Ȯᓁ༯Ա੹ȆЯᒒȯϜ෇ණІ঱঱ϟԬȂৈ‫ఽע‬᠟ࡤयႬၛୱȂ‫ݏ‬ดѠᒞ࠿্ȶࢉ ཏᒘయȷयԬȂُȲҕυഀЗ‫ף‬ฯྀ ศ֘Ӳᏺᓄຠ፭ȳȄ‫៍ؿݔ‬ґёጉȲ‫ݬ‬ӵα‫ޠ‬๚ࡀ ࡀศ֘‫ޠ‬ٙзϟᖽȳ‫ڸ‬Ȳ઎ᄃᇅຏГ‫׈ޠ‬ज๗Ӭศ֘ፚȮᐙφकΠȯ‫ޠ‬ഀ៊ቒȃ ϊᇴІ഻ձनෂȳ Ȟ2003 Ԓ 4 Уȟ Ȃ‫៪ܥ‬ԣ‫׸‬ፓᚖ‫ޠ‬ϲ௒Ȃ࣐൶२ձ޲‫ڸ‬೥ፚ޲Ӷԫ౲ႇȄ.

(9) ௄ঐ΢།౸‫ژ‬໲ᡞଅᏺ˕˕ȮᐙφकΠȯϊᇴ‫׾‬ቹᇅኈቒ‫׾‬ጢ‫ޠ‬ोဏᐤโ! 75. ‫ܗ‬࣐ٙϊ‫ێ‬ȃ‫ܗ‬ձ࣐ᎵυȂ‫܅‬ԫ‫ڽ‬ၽέࣻᆣӬȄձ޲‫ڿ‬຀ܼፓᚖঢ়৴नෂழ‫ٿ‬ ‫ޠ‬഻།စᡜȂࠔᜳпӶයНϜӦᄃȂ༊૗‫ٸ‬Ꭽϊᇴຏᄻ‫ޠ‬ஶᄎȂोҢ࣐ᚡ؆ࣻ ߗ‫ޠ‬НҐȂпၷԋӓ‫םޠ‬ԓ௥ଢ଼ϛѠّᇴ‫ޠ‬઎ᄃစᡜȂӶЇ᙮ਫቹ‫ޠ‬ႇโϜໍ ՘Ս‫ݾש‬ᕜᇅఀᠠȂ‫࣐ٯ‬ณ‫ݳ‬Ӳߖ‫ޠ‬ႇџ‫ڸ‬Սϐ൷ؒяၰȄศ֘Սّቹԫ጖ȶ࢑ ‫ש‬ᄈ‫߈ؿ‬ಘЗτཏȂґ૗ӼӼྲ៬‫ޠ‬З౪၅ᓼȷ Ȃ15ӱՅϛ፤࢑ȲᐙφकΠȳϜ‫ޠ‬ ‫߈ؿ‬ᄈ‫ؿ‬৏Ȃ‫ܗ‬ȲߢҞȳϜ‫ޠ‬ϊ៸ᄈߢҞȂഎੀѵᜱᛅйӤ௒Ȃ‫ܗ‬೩Ӷศ֘Ԓߞ ϟࡤӲࣽ‫܅‬ԫ‫ޠ‬ٙз‫ڽ‬ၽȂࣻᄈՅّՍϐ࢑ե‫ڐ‬۸ၽȂܼ࢑ԃ‫ڔ‬ཏԋ௷лِ‫ڦ‬ӫ ‫߈ؿ‬Ȃᇅఅख़޲‫ؿ‬৏ӫԆࣻߗ‫ڽ‬ၽࠔੇ౵Ȃ‫ڸ‬ȲΚᄈߝК៥ȳ၈‫ޠ‬ϊࢍᇅ‫্ٱ‬υ ‫ߢڌ‬УӤழΚᄈК៥ࠔөԥϛӤ‫ڽ‬ၽȂഎᇨആяΚᆎȶᚗٙᄈྲȷ‫ޠ‬ਞ‫ݏ‬Ȅܼ࢑ ԃ‫؂‬ഇႇϊᇴϛӤ‫ޠ‬๗‫׌‬ԋ௷Ȃழስ౫ᄃϜ‫߈ؿ‬ʝߢҞᚕ໡঩Ґ‫؂‬ϛൟ‫ޠ‬᎐ႅȄ ձ޲ґّ݃‫ޠ‬Ȃᗚԥᄈτճτ༿‫ޠ‬ፓᚖ௒དȂ‫ڸ‬Սٙณ૗࣐Ω‫ޠ‬དዋȄศ ֘යНӕήႷඵᚗᒒ‫ޠ‬ཐན਀௒Ȃ঩η࢑ӱٙз੬ੇੀѵࣣ௕ད‫܉‬ȄดϊᇴϜ ‫ࡂޠ‬υ‫ؿ‬৏ᘉяτճҔ΢֘φ‫םޠ‬ຬȂҼԥՍ‫ؾ‬೻৶‫ޠ‬Κ८ȂҦԫആ൸፞Ӽඎ ቒȂ‫ڐ‬ϜӼЎη஛൴ձ޲ᄈτճ‫ޠ‬ፓᚖ௒དȄഇႇศ֘‫ޠ‬഻ձЗ౪Ȃ‫ש‬উηѠ ໍΚؐΠ၍‫ڐ‬ձࠣ੬ՔȂз΢ளᇴศ֘ձࠣྤ࢚මࠕȃྤཹ‫ڸ‬ᒚȂ‫ڐ‬ᄃҔԄȲᐙ φकΠȳൊ੊ᚡҭनࡤ‫ޠ‬ඎ࠘Ȃձࠣߓຬίចᙡፓᚖ‫ޠ‬ϲӶЗ‫ٲ‬ȂҔӱစᐤജ ཱུՅ්Ӫӏ݃Ȃ෇᢯ᑗ࡫ኛኘზՅණ݈࣐ඎኖӤ௒Ȅศ֘යНං࡚ߓႁᄈቹձ ‫ם‬ԓ‫ޠ‬ฑኍȂпІྤࠕᄙ࡚‫ٿޠ‬ҦȈ ‫ש‬τљҢ‫ܛ‬᎐ႅ‫ޠژ‬೩Ӽ‫ٲ‬ȃ೩Ӽ΢‫ޑ‬Ȃ‫ٯ‬ϛঐঐഎ჌‫ש‬Ӳᏺ่ԒНϜ ‫ޠ‬΢‫ޑ‬٦ቅહᐕ๢ًȄԒሇਣȂ‫ש‬དྷቹ٦‫ٳ‬΢‫ٲڸ‬Ҧܼ‫ޠש‬ზඍᇅኘ࡮Ȃ ౫Ӷϑ‫׈‬ӓ‫ء‬ԥზ࡮ȂѬԥӤ௒‫ڸ‬ኖኗȂկ‫ש‬έϛ‫ޤ‬Ԅեί์Ȅ٦‫ٳ‬΢ ‫्࢑݃݃ٲڸ‬ңϊᇴቹՅϛ૗Ͼ࣐යН‫ޠ‬Ȅ 16. 15. 16. Ӥພ 11Ȃॳ 106Ȅ ԫࢳُܼศ֘Ȯᇅ‫ש‬ӤٚȆ᠟Ȳಌෛ‫߇ួޠ‬ȳȯ ȞѯіȈΟᅉȂ1979 Ԓȟ Ȃॳ 180ȄέԄȮ࿳ Ьξύ৲Ѕ௒ȆѳΫԒ‫ޠٿ‬ቹձȯ ȞѯіȈΟᅉȂ1995 ԒȟϜ‫ܛ‬ख़Ȉ ȶϊᇴ҇໹຀ཏԋ௷Ȃ ஽።ȂຏᄻȂएඩȂՅ‫ש‬ଅᏺϜ‫ޠ‬΢‫ޑ‬ᄃӶЋᘁࣁȂЋ઎ᄃȂ‫ש‬ϛ‫ף‬З຀ཏඣᛳȂ౐ܑ уȞԃȟཚࡦՅሊᚕΠ‫ש‬Ȅᗚԥ‫שٳ‬དྷକ‫ٿ‬൸ϛග‫ޠץ‬ȃ෇๞‫྄ש‬τฯश‫ޠ‬΢‫ޑ‬Ȃ‫ש‬έ ‫ء‬ԥΚМӐࣝ‫์ޠ‬ȂΚᗼൣඉ‫ޠ‬ЗџቹуȞԃȟউȄӱ࣐਀৲ᇅӒҕᄈ‫ש‬ᇴႇȈ Ⱥਣਣ् ԥդঢ়ኖኗЗဘȂϛ्຀Κϸኘ࡮Ȼ ȄҦܼ೼ᆎҮࣾЗ౪Ȃ‫์ש‬ίη౱ҢϛяЇࣃِՔȂ.

(10) 76! ȮѯᢋНᏱᏱൣȯಒΝ෉. αख़ձࠣၾᕞܼϊᇴᇅයН໣ȂҼӶяΤຏᄃ໣ᕖூᙾϾޫ໣ȇпϊ៸ȃ‫ؿ‬৏ ‫ޠ‬ಒΚ΢ᆏਡᢏఅख़Ȃூпϸٙ२ߖႇ‫܂‬ਣޫ‫ߓٯ‬ႁឋ፤ȂӶȲప‫ڌ‬ȳϜϬ‫ٻ‬ ңಒΚ΢ᆏȂூпໍΤϛѺυφϲӶЗძȂ‫࣐؂‬ᡞຯፙ၍ԃউ‫ޠ‬೏ძȂӶз໣ २ፓαᅌ‫ٲࢉޠ‬Ϝࣀᅦ‫ؗٲ܂‬᢯ȂӱՅᕖூ໡಴Ȅ ȲᐙφकΠȳࢉ‫ٲ‬ґ‫׈‬Ȃձ޲ࠔᜳӕ୞์Ȃȶस्ӕቹԃȞ‫߈ؿ‬ȟȂ٦έ஡ ࢑ѫΚ΢‫ޠ‬ϾٙȂѫΚ጖ϊᇴ‫ޠ‬໡ۗΠȂկ‫ש‬౫ӶϛདྷቹȄȷ 17 ศ֘‫ޠ‬З᜺Ȃ Ӷࡤхቒձঢ়КϜ௦៊‫׈‬ԚȂഇႇ‫ڐ‬у᛻೛‫ם‬ԓ‫׾ޠ‬ጢȂोҢяϛӤ௒࿾‫ڸ‬๗ ‫ུޠ׌‬НҐȄ. ʷȮⳤ⬕߱Ẍᄞ᱿ⴗ᮹ᄊℶ᱿ೊႩԮ⎞ヅഛԮ቏ ᄈܼศ֘ȲᐙφकΠȳ‫ึٲࢉޠ‬৥ȂҪӒࠎ෇ණяϛӤࣽ‫ݳ‬Ȉ ȶԄ‫ྲࡹݏ‬઎ ᄃࢉ‫ٲ‬Ԟ‫׏‬Ȃ࢑ϛ࢑ඎቒ‫؂ܓ‬ᐩΚ‫ٳ‬Ȅȷ 18 ϊᇴ‫ڦ‬؆Ս౫ᄃӕђп‫׾‬ቹȂ઎ᄃ ᇅຏᄻ໣ᔫ࢐֥ె‫ޠ‬ӵழȂᡲ‫ࡤڐ‬ኈቒ‫׾‬ጢ޲‫ޠ‬དྷ჌Ωூԥщϸࢋ৥‫ޫޠ‬໣Ȃ ‫࣐ٯ‬঩຀ࡩᙾ‫ޣ‬ί‫ޠ‬๗‫׏‬ቩ఻៊ԣȄ НᏱ‫ڸ‬ኈቒ঩࢑ϛӤ‫ߓޠ‬౫РԓȂ֊‫ٻ‬Ωშ‫ܼ܇‬঩຀ηϬ࢑ѫΚᆎ‫ם‬ԓ‫ޠ‬ ᙛណȂ‫ݸ‬й‫׾‬ጢҐϛሰܴ‫ܼݬ‬঩Ґ‫ޠ‬΢‫ޑ‬ȃ௒࿾ȃлᚡȂՅ࢑௄঩຀Ϝ‫ڦؤ‬᡺ དȂ௄ϛӤຝِ२ུࡧՄ‫ڸ‬ၜមȂτѠ୒ᚕђ఻፮ϡུཏోȂп഻ҢུНҐȄ ‫׾‬ጢϛ༊࢑᠟޲‫ڸ‬঩ձ޲‫ޠ‬ᄈၘȂη࢑഻ձ޲‫ޠ‬ӕҢ౱ȃӕ഻ആȄ ϊᇴ๗໲я‫ࠊޠޏ‬ΚԒȂᇅศ֘ԒឮࣻߗйԥӤ‫ٲ‬௒ፘ‫ޠ‬ԨҪЬӒҢȂӱ яܼᄈ঩຀‫ޠ‬ൊན‫ݡ‬፭Ȃ஡ϟ‫׾‬ጢ࣐‫ڎ‬໲ኅክቒȞ1990ȟ Ȃ 19࿌ਣӶϜኅክяᕖ ூዦ੩ଠ៫ȂΫᎸԒࡤ᠚‫ٿ‬ȂϬЖ΢ΤാȄኅክቒτՎ௒࿾డ྆ϊՎ‫ޑ‬ӈຬኊȂ എሴ࣐‫ܼ܇‬঩຀Ȃॷ‫׏‬ІቒϜηӼ೏ң‫ؿ‬৏‫ޠ‬ϲЗᑀҪһхࢉ‫ٲ‬Ȅ঩຀Ϝ‫ؿ‬৏. 17. 18 19. ӱԫ‫ש‬ҘሊѬ૗ቹྤࠕ๢ً΢‫ޑ‬ȄȷȞॳ 189-191ȟ ศ֘ȂȮᐙφकΠȯȂॳ 106Ȅ ҪӒࠎȲతஐ֦ȳȂԞܼศ֘ȂȮᐙφकΠȯȂॳ 5-6Ȅ ‫׾‬ጢኅክቒϟ‫ٲ‬ȂၐُԨҪЬȲศ֘‫ٵ‬៘НᏬѳΫԒȳ Ȃ ȮНଊȯᖃဵಒ 37 ෉Ȟ1992 Ԓ 1 УȟȂॳ 100ȇпІศ֘ȮᐙφकΠȆϊ‫ז‬ȯȂॳ 8ȄԫѵȂȲߢҞȳ෇ҦԨҪЬЅ΢‫׾‬ጢ ࣐ႬຝቒȂӶѯຝክяȂُܼศ֘Ȯᓁ༯Ա੹Ȇಡᇴ௄ᓟȯȂॳ 5ȄȮᐙφकΠȯኅክቒ Ᏻክ߯ᑘȂл्ክॲস࣐؄सధȞ‫ؿ‬৏ȟ ȃᚮ኉࿋Ȟ‫߈ؿ‬ȟ ȃ؄РȞϳ‫ڧ‬ȟ ȃቔЖ୧Ȟτ༿ȟȃ ஼ቄஷȞߢώȟ๊Ȃ‫ڎ‬໲ߞङΚԼϸយȂᓄᇨС෉࣐ 1990 Ԓ 6 У 2 С‫ ڸ‬6 У 7 СȄ.

(11) ௄ঐ΢།౸‫ژ‬໲ᡞଅᏺ˕˕ȮᐙφकΠȯϊᇴ‫׾‬ቹᇅኈቒ‫׾‬ጢ‫ޠ‬ोဏᐤโ! 77. ഀ‫ۍۈ‬ଡ‫ޠ‬ΚࢳȂӶኅክቒϜ఻Τѽॴ‫ॲޠߧص‬ਞՅੀѵҢ୞Ȅ‫׾‬ጢ‫؂‬஽ϾΠ ᔜቒፑऐ‫ڸ‬஼ΩȂτ༿෇ழ຀ήЋЋ‫ژ‬ဩճճঢ়ᇅΡЋЋᆺ८ፚցȂՅ‫ڸ߈ؿ‬ ϳ‫ޠڧ‬ᠿ௒Щ঩຀‫؂‬τᖛ݃ጃȂԄ‫ڎ‬΢෇‫ۈ‬љӶᐙ༫ϊࡑࡘཽፚЗȂࡤೞߢώ ‫ึڧ‬౫ᙾ֚τ༿ȇϳ‫ڧ‬Ӷ‫ڸ߈ؿ‬τճ༬‫ࡤܙ‬ϬӲ໑ί‫߈ؿ׳‬Ȃด᎐‫ؿ‬৏ߣЦȇ ‫੿߈ؿ‬२ਣᇴяདྷ‫܉‬ϳ‫ڧ‬Ȃ੿ംࡤϳ‫ڧ‬మαቪय࠘ȇ‫ؿ‬৏‫ّ݃؂‬ᗚ࢑ȶΚЊΚ ‫ښۏ‬ȷԂȂᡲ঩຀ϊᇴ‫ޠ‬ՍҦᠿནᆡઢ‫ࠊ܂؂‬ᗛໍΚؐȄ ‫ژ‬Πࡤᎇυ‫ܓ‬ጢᏳКϜȂࠍ‫ڏ؂‬ЇࡧཏშȄ1998 Ԓ֕۞ᐠ 20‫׾‬ጢႬຝቒҐ ਣȂѯᢋН᛻ࣩࡤ೪ॴዙґྑȂቒҐӶϊᇴ‫ޠ‬ஆᙄϟαȂᒋΤ঩ձ޲అख़‫ޠ‬઎ ᄃစᐤӕђп‫׾‬ጢȂӶຏᄃϟ໣һϤࡿਗ਼Ȉ. ȞΚȟпࡤ೪К‫ݳ‬ᄈྲϭܾ ೼ഌ‫ڎ‬࿳ӼԆ‫ޠ‬ቒҐȂएథӶႇџ‫ڸ‬౫Ӷϟ໣Ȉजᝳ๽၃ߨԒ Jeff Ꭸ᠟ડ ҕϊᇴКጉȂُ‫߈ؿ‬᎐ႅЗҢϛ҂Ȃᇽծ‫ع‬лِ‫ ޠ‬Jeff ܼ࢑Ͼ࣐ٙ‫ڻ‬҂ȞӤΚ ΢Ⴛᅌȟ ȂໍΤϊᇴమ‫׾‬ᡑ‫ڽ߈ؿ‬ၽկࠔ৷ഽȄ‫ ࡤڐ‬Jeff έഇႇડҕπख़Ȃூ‫ޤ‬ ϊᇴึ৥࣐‫ڻ‬҂ሊٗу໑Ȃ‫߈ؿ‬फ‫ڌ‬ϛߴй᎐ΡЋЋప߇ழٗȂࡤ‫߈ؿ‬঱঱௦ ‫ڨ‬ప߇ၨၫ஡‫߈ؿ‬ᒹతഐѵȂಁ΢ႈ൷ϛ຀Ѭُϟࠊ੽๞‫ڻ‬҂‫ޑ߭ޠ‬ȄӶ Jeff ଢୱίȂડҕ‫ܜۅ‬Սϐ൸࢑‫ؿ‬৏Ȃ‫ٯ‬ϑ௦‫ژ‬ϊ‫߭ٿڧ‬Ȃᗝ Jeff Κକߖ໑௥ᒒȂ ‫ڎ‬΢ُ‫ژ‬ϊᇴϜ‫ع‬υлِ౫‫ݸ‬ȂΡ‫ڧ‬ϑகՅ‫߈ؿ‬ԚΠఽ௮ஐȂܾСᐙ༫щҍ຀ ዃ‫ܙ‬Ȃϛ࿲དዋ࿳ξȄ ձ޲ၑშᙥ౫х՚Ͼ‫ޠ‬ಂӏȂࣹࡧ঩຀༉ႁ‫ޠ‬Ϝ୾༉ಜ௒ནȂ‫ٯ‬ᄈ঩ձ޲ Зძໍ՘ࡸ௩Ȃ࿌ Jeff ୱၿȈȶGrandmomȊղ‫ٿ‬ज୾೼ቅεΠȂࡪቅ࡟Ўቹज ୾ҢࣁȉȷડҕӲ๏ၿȈȶቹНതᆘ࢑ᆎՍ‫ש‬ఀᠠȂself-redemptionȄȷ೼Ѱၘ ௄ґяՍศ֘์ίȂጢቒࠔᘉяศ഻֘ձ‫ޠ‬२्୞ᐡȄ. 20. ֕۞ᐠя‫ޏ‬ձࠣєࢃȈ Ȯ2 У 14ȯ ȃ Ȯљτϛϊȉ‫ء‬τ‫ء‬ϊȯ ȃ ȮቍҐӼ௒ȯ ȃ Ȯ઎υ΢ख‫ٲ‬ȯȃ ȮЎυϊᅤȯȃȮ‫ש‬ൊ ‫ש‬Սϐ˕˕ѯᢋ౫хҢࣁఃұᓄȯȃȮߨࢍณਆȯȄ෇ጢቒȈȮ2 У 14ȯ ȃ ȮᐙφकΠȯ ȃ Ȯ‫ޠש‬З੽Ӷҁႁ‫ڄ‬ලȯ ȃ Ȯக෉ȯ ȃ Ȯན‫ໍޠ‬՘ԓȯ ȄُܼȲ֕۞ᐠ‫ޠ‬Ȯ2 У 14ȯȂϛΚኻȊȳȂ http://www.queennet.com.tw/people/?titleid=15&start=0Ȅ.

(12) 78! ȮѯᢋНᏱᏱൣȯಒΝ෉. ȞΡȟ‫ܓڎ‬೏ძ‫ޠ‬Їࡧ ଷΠђΤ౫х΢‫ޠ‬ಂӏȂձ޲η஽ϾِՔ‫ޠ‬Їࠖ‫ܓ‬ੀȂࢉ‫ࠊٲ‬љࢳᗷτᡞ ‫ྲٸ‬঩຀ึ৥ȂկِՔউளᄈ༉ಜ‫ܓڎ‬ӵ՞ණя፵ᅹȄ ቒձ၈‫ِܓع‬Ք‫ޠ‬ᢏᘉȂ‫܄מ‬ចᙡυձঢ়‫ޠ‬౪དྷ‫ৣ׺‬ȄଷΠ Jeff фဏஉّȈ ȶ༉ۡ௦х೼ቅ२्ȉᗚ࢑τ‫ع‬΢лဏձઠȉȷ‫ع‬лِ‫ڻ‬҂ηᄈъߞા‫ێ‬՘৸ ϛп࣐ดȂ஽੩‫״‬ց࣐Π᝸‫ॸܜ‬Эા‫ێ‬ᄈυ‫྄ܓ‬ϛϵ҂Ȃ‫ّޣ‬Ȉ ȶ೼зࣩα‫ޠ‬υ ΢࡟ӼᆎȂ‫ع‬΢ࠔԂ჌Ѭԥ‫ڎ‬ᆎȄȌȌԥ૗Ω஍Ճ஖‫ءڸ‬૗Ω஍Ճ஖‫ޠ‬Ȅȷ঩ ຀၈᠍ࡅ‫ޠ‬τճȂࠍԚ࣐ܿ‫্࠿ڨ‬ᘜո‫ِޠ‬Քȇ‫ڐ‬ԂЅဩӒҢ‫ܼ܇‬Κ‫ۏ‬Ȃᄈા ‫ێ‬՘৸‫ٯ‬ϛॄӤȂࡿसሦ‫ٲܙ‬೏౪ϛԂȂཥϛԂҶΠۣৰȂηᘉяަཽᢏ‫ޠ܉‬ ᅌໍᄈ‫ܛܓع‬କ‫ޠ‬೤ጓձңȄ ࣻᄈܼቒϜ‫ߓޠܓع‬౫Ȃυ‫ܓ‬ЇᡘߴԉȄ঩຀అख़޲‫ؿ‬৏ȂӶቒϜစள௦ ដུਫȂ‫ע‬Ӷѳ೏ၾᐤȃ໡ᒳᏱஇȂ᠚ُӒҢេᒰ‫߈ؿ‬ஐ኉ࡧདྷਣЇሼၿȈ ȶஐ ኉‫ڿ‬ด२्ȂկΚঐ‫ۏ‬φႇܼ፲ుȂδ‫ٲ‬пЊ࣐ЉȃԚӓΰЊȂ࢑ϛ࢑ѷџΠ Ս‫ש‬ҐՔȉȷկ८ᄈϾ࣐ٙ‫ڻ‬҂‫ ޠ‬Jeff ஽ΩᝏᇴȂࠔടΤ‫ᜳڎ‬ȇቒϜτ༿জႳ ‫ڿ‬உȂϛ༊ϛ௦‫ ڨ‬Jeff ᝏᇴȂ࿌ΰЊሇܿ๏ᔗܺతા‫ێ‬Ȃ‫ٯ‬మ஡‫߈ؿ‬೩ପ๞ Jeff ୆‫ڻޠ׹‬҂ਣȂԃᐮ੩Їᄈȇ‫߈ؿ‬ηґ‫׻‬՟ᐡཽ‫ױ‬ඬ۸ᆌȂпϛ‫࣐ף‬Սٙ۸ᆌ ᡲу΢།З࣐ҦȂӲ‫ ܣ‬Jeff ழԃᚕঢ়‫ޠ‬शЗȄҔԄ‫ڻ‬҂‫ࡿܛ‬яȂ‫ع‬΢ή‫ۏ‬ѳ‫ێ‬ ‫ޠ‬ᄜ‫࢑ܓ‬υ΢ᖄ‫ޠ‬ȇቒϜυ‫ޠܓ‬ඎቒȂηӼ࢑Սϐആ൸‫ޠ‬Ȅ Ԅ‫ٲࢉݏ‬Ѡп२‫ٿ‬ȂཽԥϛӤ‫ޠ‬๗‫׌‬༞ȉᔗ࢑ቒձ‫ޠ‬঩ۗᄻདྷȂկ࢑๏਱ ᡘด࢑ඎᢏ‫ޠ‬Ȅ࿌ҪᏂᇖᇖ‫ڻޠ‬҂ਆ࡮ܼस࿌Ԓ૗‫ࠎ؂‬ඹȂη೩ΚϹഎཽ‫׾‬ᢏ ਣȂJeff ၿ:ȶ‫ء‬ԥң‫ޠ‬Ȃ‫ש‬ၑႇȂ೼࢑‫߈ؿ‬ᒶᐆȄȷԄࢉ‫ٲ‬τᆫϜᘉяȈ ȶആԚ ‫ٲ‬ӈȃ‫ڽ‬ၽ‫ึޠ‬৥ϛ༊࢑࿌хᕘძȃॴ੊Ȃη࢑΢‫ޠޑ‬ЉҢঐ‫ٻܓ‬ดȄȷᏒᆔ ቒձѐᡘ༉ಜᇅ౫хᢏ‫ޠ܉‬ৰ౵ȂِՔϬጳ຀Ӷ‫ڽ‬ၽᇅ‫ܓ‬ੀһᙒ‫ޠ‬ᆪȂ҂఻ྨ ਻֥ᇌ‫ޠ‬᜸‫ک‬Ȅ ೼ഌґ૗໡ܰηґҔԓึߓ‫ޠ‬ႬኈቒҐȂԥ຀‫ܜ‬Ӓఃࡤ‫ޠ‬ձңȂϛ༊஡ ศ֘‫ޠ‬ϲӶзࣩᇅ‫ܛ‬ख़‫ޠ‬઎ᄃ‫ٲ‬ӈᒋΤȂη‫ࡤڐ࣐܄מ‬ኅ‫ڨ‬ᢚҭ‫ޠ‬Ⴌຝቒ᎝ ၰȈ‫ع‬лِ‫ڻ‬҂‫ۦ‬सфဏϛ҂‫ޠ‬᝻ᎄࠊٙȇࡂυ‫ؿ‬৏‫ໍ؂‬ΚؐᅌϾ࣐ଢུؒ.

(13) ௄ঐ΢།౸‫ژ‬໲ᡞଅᏺ˕˕ȮᐙφकΠȯϊᇴ‫׾‬ቹᇅኈቒ‫׾‬ጢ‫ޠ‬ोဏᐤโ! 79. ࡧዙ‫ۦޠ‬වȇቒҐϜ‫ؿ‬৏෇ୱϊ‫ڧ‬Ӷ࠳၈ԥณυЅȂ೼ΚѰঈୱяΠቱ໰Ȅ ቒҐϜґّ݃‫ع‬υлِ௒ኔᜱ߾ȂկΡЋЋ಴πᇴя‫߈ؿ‬Ѡ૗‫ڻڸ‬҂‫ޠۍؾ‬ ᔜّȂࠔӶႬຝቒϜΚដ֊ึȇҒ‫ڻ׏‬҂Ӳᏺႇ‫ڎ܂‬΢ᄈֳȂߣЦ‫߈ؿ‬ᘉ្ ᕏਣ‫ܛ‬ᇴȈȶ֊‫ٻ‬ӶΚб༄၈Ȃ‫ש‬η्‫ױ‬ղ‫رر‬ଅ՟ȌȌȷ೼ѰЖ΢ႄདྷ‫ޠ‬ᄈ ၘȂࠍӶႬຝቒ᎝అя៉ᆮ௒࿾ȄՎܼႬኈቒҐϜϛᘟя౫‫ޠ‬ᐙ༫ൠෂȂҼ ӶႬຝቒϜᆮ‫ܦ۾‬৥Ȅ. ɿȮ߱ʱρُ‫׏‬՛ʠकǖǖቦଇ₏଄រᄊℶ᱿ヅ⣶Ԯ Ս‫ۭڎ‬Ӭձ‫ޠ‬ႬຝቒክяȂਏτಁ൭ᡞ‫ࡅޠ‬ΩȂᐙφ઎ҔȶकΠȷ ȄႬຝቒ ‫ڸ‬ႬኈቒҐ‫ߵޠ‬ԚӤኻ࣐৹Ҵѓ௳ཏȂ 21 Ⴌຝቒ‫ߗ៊۾‬Ԓ‫ۭڎ‬ӬձዂԓȂҦѯ ᢋᖄᐘ༉ክϵѨяၦᇨձȂ‫ٯ‬ଔᝧΠ‫ڎ‬՞Ȟᆱៗࡍ࡛༗Ω‫ޠ‬ȟԒߞᅌসȂᏳᅌ ؄Ўक 22 ȃл्ጢቒ‫ڸ‬τӼ኶ᅌসІܰឹӵᘉഎӶτഛȂ‫ۭڎ‬ክяࡤȂӶτഛ Жକ‫ޠ‬ଇ፤ᇅ‫ލ‬ឋ‫ܼࣦ؂‬ѯᢋȄ ؄Ўक‫ڸ‬஼᛻ᒘȃചസᅉ๊΢Ȃೞᆏ࣐Ϝ୾ႬኈಒϥхᏳᅌȂӔӤ੬Ք࢑ ࢌԥ຀౐ࠕҖఋНϾ༉ಜేྜȂέ൳ܼЇࠖཏᜌȂၽң౫хཏᜌᢏྲ‫຺ົڸ‬༉ ಜНϾȂߓ౫я༉ಜᇅ౫х‫ޠ‬ፑኢȂਣҼೞᜐຠ࣐ȶኹ៪Ϝ୾‫ޠ‬ᗡ५‫ڸ‬ဤࡤп ଇԂࢸ΢ȷ Ȅ23‫ڐ‬Ϝೞᇰ࣐࢑Ϝ୾ഷԂ‫ޠ‬υᏳᅌ؄ЎकȂΫѳྒਣӱ‫ככ‬፜Ңറ ‫ڨ‬տဤՅᚕঢ়ȂԫࡤໍΤॗਢҢీȂυ‫ܓ‬ՍញఃᇍၷఐȂձࠣӼ຀ಂܼυ‫࠘ܓ‬ ࡫௒དᇅᔇ‫ޠ׼‬ኔగȂпঢ়৴ᇅகᠿඎቒ࣐лȂτᖛ௥ଢ଼୒உ‫ޠ‬௒ནᜱ߾‫ڸ‬ፓ ᚖޮ៉‫ޠ‬΢‫ޑ‬௒ᆲȄ‫׾‬ጢՍНᏱձࠣ‫ޠ‬ȮႫߧȯ‫ڸ‬Ȯτ݃য়ມȯ Ȟѯᢋӫ࣐ȮЋ. 21. 22. 23. ์޲෇፝ୱ֕۞ᐠυςȂூ‫׾ޤ‬ጢ঩ӱ࢑ᖄᐘ༉ክϵѨ৹ҴѓՃᗴ௳ཏȂ෇Ҩ፝ᕖႬኈ ህᏳߝկґ໡ܰȇࡤᖄᐘέᇅτഛᏳᅌ؄Ўक௦ࣂӬձܰឹȂ؄Ўक෇Ӷ‫ڨ‬೥ਣ໣௦ഇ ៪ȂЩൖԃᇅȮᐙφकΠȯ ȶϛ࢑ՍҦᠿནȷ Ȃ ȶ೼ᆎད௒‫ޠ‬ஊᎵ्စႇΚঐฯश‫ޠ‬ႇโȷȂ ȶ٘٘ஊᎵΠљԒਣ໣ȷ Ȅ᫠‫ۉ‬ᐹȂ Ȳᐙφ࢑ࡪኻᡑक‫ޠ‬ȉ˕˕೥Ᏻᅌ؄Ўकȳ ȂԞܼ᎓२ȃ е्ȮᐙφकΠȯȂȞі‫ٶ‬Ȉ΢ҖНᏱȂ2002 ԒȟȂॳ 1-8Ȅ؄Ўकη࢑ᖄᐘ༉ክϵѨᇨձ ‫ޠ‬ӫቒȮ΢໣ѳУЉȯᖃᆀᇨȄ ؄ЎकႬኈձࠣԥȈ Ȯማ೑ᒘయ਱ȯȃȮ՗Քఽఒȯȃ ȮѳΫϛඌȯȃȮकલȯȃȮक՚݉ȯ๊Ȃ л्ႬຝձࠣȈ Ȯ‫ۍۈ‬ȯ ȃ ȮႫߧȯ ȃ Ȯτ݃য়ມȯ ȃ ȮᐙφकΠȯ ȃ Ȯᆧՙक্ȯ ȃ Ȯ΢໣ѳУЉȯȃ ȮߝᓁҐՔȯȃȮОᖶ௒ጣȯȄȲ؄Ўकᙐᐤ л्Ⴌኈձࠣȳ http://www.iindependent.jknet.hk/leesiuhungbio.htmȄ ᇏᑘȲȶಒϥхȷᗚ૗ٗӼሊȉȳȂȮઢԏᏱ΢ȯȞ2002 Ԓ 4 ෉ȟȂॳ 24-26Ȅ.

(14) 80! ȮѯᢋНᏱᏱൣȯಒΝ෉. ҂ϵлȯȟȂЖึτഛ፤޲஽੩‫״‬ցȂᇰ࣐஡঩຀‫״‬ച‫ཽަޠ‬ඎቒᙾᡑ࣐‫ܓ‬ੀඎ ቒȂߩկϛ௢ຨࡍ࡛༗ΩЇՅોྣ్ܼ༅‫ޠ‬௒ኔᜱ߾Ȅ 24 ؄Ўक‫׾‬ጢ‫ޠ‬ȮᐙφकΠȯ‫៊۾‬п‫܂‬ঐ΢ॴੀȂпႬኈК‫ឹܰݳ‬ႬຝቒȂ ፵དᆡጞ‫ڑ‬໰ȃ൳֥ၒ௒ཏចȂ֖౫౉जඎఴȃജ᢯ᔇ‫ݦޠ׼‬൝ȄΚૢ೾ߺቒ ᗀ‫ف‬௒࿾ᆨෲȃ΢‫ޑ‬๢ඍϸ݃ȃߓ౫ၔ஼Ȃ ȮᐙφकΠȯႬຝቒ࿾࠸ጦᄛȃ΢‫ޑ‬ ‫ܓ‬ੀᙵ൳Ӽኻȃߓ౫Рԓηၷϲᔨ‫ؗ‬ᛨȄ ศ֘঩຀ߗѳ࿳Ԇ‫ޠ‬Ϝ጖ߞ࡚Ȃ‫ڐ‬ᄃၷᎍܼܰឹԚႬኈȂ‫׾‬ጢ࣐ߞႁΡΫ ໲‫ޠ‬Ⴌຝഀ៊ቒȂ҇ூӶϲৡαᘘщ‫ٯ‬ђΤᔜቒፑऐȄᄈ؄Ўक‫ٿ‬ᇴȂ঩຀ϊ ᇴпΚঐґԚԒ‫ޠ‬υࡇ࣐అख़޲Ȃߓႁᄈঢ়৴‫׌‬ഌՅႮ࿦‫ޠ‬лᢏད‫ڨ‬Ȃ ȶ೼‫ٳ‬စ ᐤሡ௦‫ޠ‬ഌϸ࡟৶ȂЇՅ๞Πԃ࡟τ‫ޫޠ‬໣ึදȷ Ȅ25ቒҐഷߒҦѯᢋቒձঢ়ৈ ज๽Ȟη࢑ԨҪЬᏱҢȟጢቹґ‫׈‬ȂӕҦτഛձঢ়᎓२ȃе्ጢቒȂ 26 ܰឹл ्‫ٸ‬ᐄࡤ޲Ȃৈज๽Ґమ්Ӫၷ‫ܼ܇‬঩຀‫ޠ‬РӪ‫׾‬ጢȂᡲ‫ع‬υлِӶЯ᠍ަཽ ϬԥᠿནᇅՍҦࡧདྷ‫ޫޠ‬໣ȂկഷಥϬۨ݉ᙅఁȂ 27 ࡤҦτഛጢᏳ௦КՅτൾ ‫؂‬୞Ȃ؄ЎकᏳᅌϛ༊‫៊۾‬ᘘτȂ‫ٯ‬ᄈ঩຀ϊᇴ௒࿾୉я᜻᙮‫׾ޠܓ‬ᡑȄႬຝ ቒࠊљࢳ௒࿾‫ڸ‬঩຀ᗚሴԥࣻߗϟ೏ 28 Ȃ‫ࡤڐ‬ᄖ‫ۼ‬಴ᚕȂसᇅศ֘঩຀‫ٯ‬ᢏȂ ‫؂‬ԥ೩ӼѠ௥ଢ଼ϟ೏Ȉ. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. եડୋȲ؄ЎकႬຝቒυ‫ܓ‬ཏᜌ‫ڎ‬२‫ޠܓ‬НϾᏱഇຝȳȂ Ȯ࿌хНᏬȯ Ȟ2003 Ԓ 2 ෉ȟȂॳ 87-88Ȅ ҥϊᑾȲᐙφ೼ኻकΠȳȂȮႬኈ᛻೛ȯȞ2003 Ԓ 3 ෉ȟȂॳ 63Ȅ ৈज๽Ȟ1948ʂȟጢ຀ႬຝቒєࢃȮΚ୙ధȯȃȮऎዙӪఐЉȯȃȮऎЬߞЉȯ๊Ȃ຀ಂܼ ΢‫ޠܓ‬Ս‫ؾ‬೻৶Ȃ๗‫׌‬ӼᏳӪ݈๽ᇅົ຺Ȅτഛጢቒ᎓२Ȟ1970ʂȟ߁ђ঱᛻೛Ᏹଲᔜ ቒ஠ཿ౴ཿȂӶȮᐙφकΠȯΚቒҼяႻτ୊ȇе् 1968 ԒҢȂ‫ڎ‬΢෇Ӭ຀؄ЎकᏳᅌ Ȯτ݃য়ມȯቒҐȄ ȮᐙφकΠȯ‫ޠ‬ጢቹ௒‫࢑ݸ‬ȂᏳᅌࣽႇ঩຀կጢቒ‫ءٯ‬ԥ᠟ႇȂܰឹ ෉໣ቒಣණяӼᆎึ৥Ѡ૗ӕᒶۢഷࡤ๗‫׌‬Ȅُܼ؄பᔓȲ؄ЎकፚȮᐙφकΠȯ Ȉ࿾࠸ ࢑Ӷ΢‫ޠ‬ЗϜȳ Ȃ Ȯτखϰȯ Ȟ2002 Ԓȟ Ȃhttp://www.shotv.com/teleplay/jzhl/index4.htmlȄ ৈज๽ൊན঩຀ϊᇴࢉߴ੽‫ڐ‬ᆡઢȂկ‫׫‬ឋณ‫ݳ‬௦‫ޠڨ‬ቒ௒Ȃԃᇰ࣐ᙅఁ࢑‫ع‬΢‫ۢښ‬೤ ጓ஽य़υ΢ᒴԉȂӱ࣐ϛᇰӤѬ२ຝ‫᠍ܓع‬ઊࠔদჵυ‫᠍ܓ‬ւ‫ཽަޠ‬Ȃ‫׾‬ጢਣђΤҔဏ ད‫ڸ‬Ӥ௒ЗȂկؑঐِՔϬ࢑ᙅఁί‫ޠ‬ඎቒ΢‫ޑ‬Ȅ҂ၰȃৈज๽ȃ‫߈ڄݔ‬Ȳυ‫ޠܓ‬௒ནȳȂ ȮᖓӬൣȯȞ2001 Ԓ 7 У 15 СȟȄศ֘ᄈစτഛጢᏳτൾ‫؂‬୞‫ޠ‬௒࿾Ϋϸϛп࣐ดȂ‫ڸ‬ ৈज๽η෇൸ԫଇ፤Ȃُ‫៍ؿݔ‬೥ፚศ֘‫ޠ‬ґёጉȲ઎ᄃᇅຏГ‫׈ޠ‬ज๗Ӭ˕˕ศ֘ፚ ȮᐙφकΠȯ‫ޠ‬ഀ៊ቒȃϊᇴІ഻ձनෂȳȂ2003 Ԓ 4 УȄ Ⴌຝቒ‫ڸ‬঩຀ϊᇴࣻծ‫ޠ‬௒࿾ԥԄȈഷߒ‫ؿ‬Ҳ࢑ϥԼማ‫ٿຶڎ‬ȇ‫ؿ‬Ҳᆓ૰๞Ճྼਣґᕖ Ҕಂ‫ݨ‬ຝȂུகਣᆄӶ᛾ැαȂϟࡤ‫ۦ‬වึ౫‫ؿ‬ҲᇅՃྼ༬‫ᙾޠࡤܙ‬ᡑਣ‫ڎ‬ঐυࡇ‫ਂޠ‬ ਂၘȇпІΡЋЋ௄࠳၈‫ٿ‬ழ΢կ‫߈ؿ‬ϛ᜺ၮџȇࣦՎԄகᙅܺൊࣖਣτ༿ᇴ‫ޠ‬Ӣಉၘȃ ՃྼӲ࠳ࠊต෾༬пؒყ༬‫ޠ‬ಡ࿾എࣻߗծȄ.

(15) ௄ঐ΢།౸‫ژ‬໲ᡞଅᏺ˕˕ȮᐙφकΠȯϊᇴ‫׾‬ቹᇅኈቒ‫׾‬ጢ‫ޠ‬ोဏᐤโ! 81. ȞΚȟ௒࿾ԣ‫׸‬Ͼ Ⴌຝቒᄈ঩຀௒࿾ഷл्‫׾ޠ‬ጢȂӶܼᡲυлِ‫ؿ‬ҲȞϊᇴϜ‫߈ؿޠ‬ȟᇅ ϳ‫ڧ‬᝻ᎄȞ‫ڻ‬҂ȟτᖛࣻᠿȂйԋ௷ΡЋЋѵႅȂ‫ڎ‬΢എᛅѺࡤȂՃྼࠔึ౫ Սϐ঩‫ٿ‬ϛ૗Ң‫ي‬Ȅпᄈ‫ܓع‬ঢ়ߞ‫ޠ‬ȶџ༗ȷ‫ᙾװ‬௒࿾‫ٯ‬ழ୞ᔜቒ‫ܓ‬Ȃ஡঩຀ ϛ૗Ң‫࣐޲ي‬τ༿‫ޠ‬ȶυ‫ܓ‬঩ဍȷ Ȃ‫ڸ‬Ճྼ࣐ԫӬ౪Ͼા‫ێ‬՘࣐Ȃ୉яᄖ‫ۼ‬᜻᙮Ȃ ‫ٻ‬ூυ‫ܓ‬ඎቒ‫؂‬ᡘณ່ȂໍՅቜᒟЯ᠍ަཽᄈυ‫ݣޠܓ‬ຝȄՎԫȂศ֘์ί‫ޠ‬ ᙠަཽඎቒȂϑೞࡤхυᏳᅌ፮ϡ౫хᆡઢȄ ࣐Πѐᡘ‫׾‬ጢ‫ޠ‬᜻᙮‫ܓ‬ᇅ‫״‬ց‫ܓ‬ȂႬຝቒᄕᡘΠۡ‫ݳ‬ঢ়ߞ‫ޠ࡚ښ‬৛‫ښ‬Ω ໕ȄΚР८‫ٯ៊۾‬஽Ͼ঩຀υ‫ܓ‬ঢ়ߞᄈυ‫ޠڌ‬ஐ኉ఁ‫ي‬ȂԄቒϜ‫ؿ‬ҲҕᒒԬࠊȂ ᡦଋԃ्༻ঐԂ‫ع‬΢ȂҔࣻᔗܼϊᇴϜ‫߈ؿ‬ҕᒒ‫ّܛࠊ༻׾‬Ȉ ȶυ΢ঢ়‫ڽޠ‬൸ਔ Ӷ‫ع‬΢К၈ȷȂ 29ቒϜτЋЋᄈ‫ם‬Ӥυ‫ؿޠڌ‬Ҳࢌཐནέ௢ᆔȂߣЦ‫ؿ‬Ҳ୵ਫȃ ᡲ᝻ᎄӲ࠳‫ޠ‬ᄙ࡚ᇅ঩຀ΚयȂ‫؂‬ਣਣՇණ८‫ڽ‬༉ಜஐ኉Ȃ‫ٯ‬Ӷึ౫༅ঘ௒‫ٲ‬ ࡤᝓђᡞᆵȄѫΚР८ηᡲ‫ܓع‬ঢ়ߞৡ᝻๽ᄈ‫ם‬Ӥ‫ڌ‬φ‫ޠ‬ζ‫כ‬᝻ᎄȂ༉௳ۡఋ ۘЫ‫ޠ‬ೱӉᇅ‫ٲ‬ཿ२ܼན௒‫ޠ‬ᄙ࡚ȄดՅঢ়ߞ‫ޠ‬஽༗ᄙ࡚ࠔᗵᙡ૓৶З౪ȈӒ ࢑τ༿আဝҢφȃࡤ࢑τճআᆎҢφȂуউᄈ‫ع‬υлِ‫ޠ‬௒ད঩‫ڏ‬ԥՍ‫ৣ׺ש‬ ‫ޠ‬ԚϸȂࡤഇႇ‫ڎ‬΢༅ঘ‫ޠ‬๗ශȂ၅ᓼ෈хՍٙϛѺ‫ޠ‬ᒹᏻȂпԫ൷ؒҢ‫ޠڽ‬ ‫៊۾‬Ȅ ഷࡤ֖౫ΠЕၚ‫ޠ‬๗‫׌‬Ȉ‫ع‬υлِᔇ‫ޠ׼‬௒ኔᛗึࡤ᎐ߣᘟȂಥ‫ف‬Ӳ‫ަژ‬ ཽள೤Ȃ᝻ᎄ஍ΠಓӬঢ়ఋւઊ‫ޠ‬ቱ໰ȂՅ‫ؿ‬Ҳᜳ౱यԬȇৡՃྼ‫ڸ‬τЋЋಥ ܼூ‫ژ‬ӫϸα‫ޠ‬φ༢Ȃկ‫៊۾‬ৡঢ়ॸЭ‫࢑ࠔޠ‬ፑખᙅఁ‫ޠ‬๗‫ݏ‬ȄႬຝቒ঩ഇႇ २ፓަཽα‫ܓڎޠ‬ᜱ߾‫ڸ‬ፑऐȂᡘ౫੬ۢঢ়৴᠍Ω๗ᄻᇅቌঅཏᜌȂп઎ᄃӕ ᇨަཽ௢‫ښ‬ዂԓȂ30ԫቒӶ᜻᙮Їࠖ‫ڟ׃ڸ‬ᒴඊަཽዂԓ໣Ȃ‫ڦ‬ூѾֽ‫ޠ‬҂ᒌȄ. 29. 30. ศ֘ȂȮᐙφकΠȯȂॳ 89Ȅ ጿोȂȮႬຝቒȈᔜቒ༉ክ‫ޠ‬అ‫ٲ‬౪፤ȯȂॳ 56ȄਫϜ‫ࡿٯ‬яȂ࣐‫ٻ‬Ⴌຝቒ૗඾ႈᕖூᢏ ಁ௦‫ڨ‬ȂቒϜଊਁᇅӕ౫ಓဵη໹ಓӬτಁစᡜІଅᏺዂԓȂ‫ܗ‬ಓӬτಁᇰ‫ޤ‬ϟዀྦȂ Ҿྲ঩ۗަཽ๗ᄻȂпȶ‫ݗڔ‬ዂԓȷ‫ܗ‬ȶዀྦϾࢉ‫ٲ‬௒࿾ȷ Ȟߺᆏȶϵԓȷȟӕ౫ԥᜱҢԬȃ ‫ع‬υȃ๢ඍᇅ΢ઢ༉ᇴ‫ޠ‬༉ክРԓȞॳ 78ȟ ȄႬຝቒϟࢉ‫ࣲٲ‬ԥ੬ۢ᜹࠯ᇅϵԓ๗ᄻȂ࣐ަ ཽစᡜϜङۢߺԚॴߺ‫ޠ‬ӕ౫Ȟॳ 231ȟ Ȅ.

(16) 82! ȮѯᢋНᏱᏱൣȯಒΝ෉. ȞΡȟ΢‫ޑ‬ፓᚖϾ ቒϜґ‫ٸ‬ඊ೾ߺቒ࢑ߩ๢ඍΡϸ‫ޠݳ‬ዂԓ‫ٿ‬༮ആࡶ҂΢‫ޑ‬Ȃ‫؂‬஡ҪӒࠎ‫ܛ‬ ࡿȈ ȶ‫܂܂‬ӶϛՍញ‫ޠ‬Κ‫ڔ‬Ȃศ֘ऐดණяΠ΢‫ܓ‬๢ᇅඍȃԂᇅᚾȂᜳᒲᜳϸȂ ፓᚖᔫ࢐‫ᜳޠ‬ᚡ‫ٿ‬ȷ 31 ‫ޠ‬঩຀ᆡઢђпᘘτȄϊᇴϜ‫ޠ‬τ༿‫্࠿ڸ‬Ϭ‫ٸ‬ඊ༉ಜ ྤ࢚፲‫ۏ‬ȃቘড়ᒁஐ‫ޠ‬υ‫םܓ‬ຬΡϸ‫ݳ‬ȇՎܼ֕۞ᐠ‫׾‬ጢ‫ޠ‬ႬኈቒҐ‫ܗ‬ӱ‫ڨ‬४ ጖ൾȂ΢‫ܓޑ‬ੀၷ൑ΚϾȂΡЋЋప߇ȃ‫߈ؿ‬঱঱Ұᓟഎ࢑‫࠯ڑ‬ЇࣃِՔȇ‫ژ‬ ΠႬຝቒϜȂл्ِՔഎ࢑༬‫ם‬΢‫ޑ‬ȂτЋЋࢌཐඎη෥‫ף‬ȂΡЋЋᄃርᆡ݃ ηӼ௒உ຀ȂήЋЋ࢚໸Յ஁ውȂৡՃྼࢌԥࡅ቉έ૓৶ϛൟȂ᝻ᎄࠎඹη‫܍‬ ᔚȂؑঐ΢‫ޑ‬എ৥౫ᙵ൳ፓᚖ‫ܓޠ‬ੀ८ӪȄِՔ໣йึ৥яҼኴҼЅ‫ޠ‬΢ርᜱ ߾Ȉ௒ӤЯφ‫ޠ‬᝻๽‫ڸ‬᝻ᎄ‫܅‬ԫᝰ‫׭‬ηϤࣻԉៗȇτЋЋࡠήЋЋຝԄϐяࠔ ϛռၷ໕ȇΡЋЋᄈήЋЋᝰି၈ηє֥Ӥ௒ȇቱ໰Ⴣᓿ௒ኴ‫ؿ‬Ҳଢؒ۸ᆌȇ ᝻ᎄӶΡག௒Њτ୊ჃᓿίࠎඹұནȂቒϜ΢‫ޑ‬Ӷ‫ିލ‬ᇅ‫ࡼ׮‬໣৥౫ཌྷֽᜱ߾Ȅ. Ȟήȟޫ໣‫ܫ‬ຬϾ ศ֘঩຀пΡȃήɒԒх‫݋‬ԏ࣐नෂȂ؄ЎकᏳᅌࠍ஡ਣޫ྆‫܉‬ዂጚϾп ߓ౫඾ႈ‫ܓ‬Ȃኈ჌ᗷᡲϊᇴޫ໣ூп‫ڏ‬ᡞ֖౫Ȃ‫ڐ‬໣ចᙡ‫ޠ‬ཏోࠔ‫ܫ࣐؂‬ຬȄ ϊᇴ঩Ґ‫ڿ‬ԉӶ໑ίൠෂȂႬຝቒࠍᘘ৥‫࠳ژ‬ҀȂৡঢ়Ӷ࠳໑өԥΚঐঢ়༫Ȃ п໑؇ജීࡍഗᄈЩ࠳Ҁ݃߬໡ܺ‫ޫޠ‬໣དȂࠊ޲ຬኊϜ୾༉ಜНϾᡞ‫ڸق‬ၿ ኉ঘ౪ᢏ‫܉‬Ȃࡤ޲ࠍཏ‫ک‬ՍҦ໡ܺȃਣۧй՚ϾȄ 32. 31 32. ҪӒࠎȂȲతஐ֦ȳȂԞܼศ֘ȂȮᐙφकΠȯȂॳ 5Ȅ ஼ᖩȲȮᐙφकΠȯ‫ޠ‬ཏຬϟजȳϜࡿяȈȶ‫ؗ‬२ྨ਻‫ޠ‬ՃԊ‫ॸఽڸ‬ឞ໌‫ޠ‬ᐙ༫࢑‫ڎ‬ᆎཏ ძ‫ޠ‬೪ဋȂη࢑‫ڎ‬ᆎཏຬ‫ޠ‬ຬኊȄΚᄃΚຏȂΚ઎ΚГȄȷ࠳၈ȶ໡ܺԓ‫ޠ‬ᕘძ༮ആ੊ ‫࡭࡭ݦ‬ᇅ໑ίՃԊࡍഗԓ‫ޠ‬ᕘძ༮ആࣻᄈҴȄȷή޲ȶᅌϾԚήঐຝញಓဵȂ࢑ήᆎ௒ དཏຬ‫ޠ‬ຬኊȄȷȞȮ࿌хႬຝȯ2002 Ԓ 5 УȂॳ 20-21ȟ഍ҞᛞȲυ‫ܓ‬ఃᇍ౪དྷ‫ޠ‬ѷဤ ፚႬຝቒȮᐙφकΠȯϜ‫ؿ‬Ҳ‫ڽ‬ၽ‫ޠ‬అख़ȳᐄԫᅌᛱ໑؇НϾȂᇰ࣐ȶԄ‫ݏ‬ᇴജී Յޫࢿ‫ޠ‬ৡु࢑໑؇ફ‫ޠז‬хߓȂѻ࿲ᓊȃ‫ײ‬య຀΢‫ޠ‬ՍҦᇅᄈՍҦ‫ޠ‬ᘑ‫ၘޠ܂‬Ȃ٦ቅ ৭αᐙ༫ࠍхߓ຀Ң‫ڽ‬Ӷ໑؇րኻ‫ࠐࠐޠ‬ҢᐡȄȷȶȺ࠳ҀȻཏ‫ک‬຀ᄈ໑؇ફ‫ޠז‬᜻᙮Ȃ ཏ‫ک‬຀΢‫ޠ‬ՍҦ၍ܺ‫ޠ‬ჳདྷԚ઎Ȅȷ ȶӶ௄Ⱥ໑؇Ȼ‫ژ‬Ⱥ࠳ҀȻ Ȃέ௄Ⱥ࠳ҀȻ‫ژ‬Ⱥ໑؇Ȼ ‫ޠ‬ᎉଠఅख़ϜȂυ‫ܓ‬஛గܼ‫ࢂܓع‬ఀઢၘᄖ‫ۼ‬ГྟȂ२ུടΤ໑؇ફ‫ז‬ၽ՘‫ޠ‬क़ၿϜџȄȷ ȞȮ෤ԏ৲ጓା๊஠ऌᏱਯᏱൣȯ2003 Ԓ 6 УȂॳ 43-45Ȅȟ.

(17) ௄ঐ΢།౸‫ژ‬໲ᡞଅᏺ˕˕ȮᐙφकΠȯϊᇴ‫׾‬ቹᇅኈቒ‫׾‬ጢ‫ޠ‬ोဏᐤโ! 83. ΢‫ޑ‬өԥ‫࠳ڐ‬໑नෂᇅНϾຬኊȂ‫܅‬ԫϟ໣‫ޠ‬ᔜቒፑऐηຬኊަཽНϾ‫ޠ‬ Үࣾޮါ 33 Ȅ࠳໑໣‫ޠ‬΢‫ޑ‬ᜱ߾ΫϸᄈᆏȈ۩՟Ӷ໑؇‫ޠ‬τЋЋȃήЋЋȃࡂ υ‫ۦ‬වȂᇅӶഎҀึ৥‫ޠ‬ৡՃྼȃ᝻ᎄȃѡ‫ؙ‬ԐȂөԚήಣᄈᔗ‫ޠ‬௒ནᜱ߾Ȃ ϛӤзхҼԥөՍ‫ޠ‬ቌঅᢏ‫܉‬Ȅ ⵯ. ࡆ. ञठठ⇾ⓩ. ≘᦯ૌ≗ⓧ. ʷठठੁ₏. ɿठठẛẙ. Ҟ‫ז‬ૌ≗ⱇ. ੓゜. টॉ઺ᇗ. ‫מ‬ᗦఴ. ԄშұȂϸր۩՟Ӷ໑ȃ࠳‫ޠ‬τЋЋᇅΡЋЋȂ࢑༉ಜϜ୾ᇅ౫х՚Ͼ‫ޠ‬ хߓȂпቷτࠕ२‫ޠ‬ѡ၇ᄈЩᆨٙ๽ᢪ‫ࢸޠ‬၇Ȃпϲᔨ‫ؗ‬ጦᄈЩ໡ܺϛᡮ‫ޠ‬ᖟ ЦȂө֖౫ߴԉᇅ໡ܺ‫ޠ‬ᢏ‫܉‬ȇ‫ؿ‬Ҳࠍ࢑Ϝ୾ަཽᙾ࠯໧ࢳϜᘜᕞ‫ޠ‬ຬኊ΢‫ޑ‬Ȃ ௄໑؇‫ژ‬എҀȂ঩Ґ‫ߴڨ‬ԉࡍ࡛ᢏ‫܉‬ᾎ⇚Ȃึ৥яᘑ‫܂‬ՍҦȃ෿గུҢ‫ࡧུޠ‬ དྷȂดՅഷಥೞଛߖ໑໣ȂпՍٙ‫ޠ‬੒κ഻ആུҢ‫ڽ‬Ȅ 34 ِՔউӶ࠳໑໣‫ޠ‬ಌ ୞௒‫ݸ‬ϛ༊౟ਗ਼௒࿾ึ৥ȃ௒དᘫ឵ȂηᏳӪ‫ڽ‬ၽ๗‫׌‬Ȉৡ᝻๽пՃঢ়࣐਴ஆ Ӷ࠳Ҁึ৥‫ٲ‬ཿȂӶ࠳၈຀՚၇ȃӶ໑ए଼௯ȂഷࡤᒶᐆଞӅߖ໑Ӳ‫ژ‬τЋЋ ٙᜟȂҦ‫ٲ‬ཿؔൠߖӲᆡઢঢ়༫ȇ঩ҐӶ࠳၈Ϗձ‫ޠ‬᝻ᎄӱଝᠿ‫ؿ‬Ҳᓝᓝߖ໑Ȃ ࡤϬӲ࠳‫ٯ‬ᇅቱ໰‫׈‬கȇུзхߨԒѡ‫ؙ‬ԐՍ࠳‫ژ‬໑ᇅ‫ۦ‬වࣻႅȂ‫ۦࡤڐ‬ව‫ژ‬ ࠳಴ᚕᙠަཽߕӪུࡧዙȄήಣ௒ནᜱ߾η࢑ήᆎНϾߓኊȈτЋЋᇅՃྼ߭ ‫࡛ࡍޠۉ‬༉ಜԥ‫ڐ‬ᛨ‫ܓڿ‬Ȃկϑ᎐‫ڨ‬᜻᙮፵ᅹȇ‫ۦ‬ව‫ڸ‬ѡ‫ؙ‬Ԑ෉ࡠ‫ུޠ‬Ϝ୾ծ. 33. 34. ‫ࡿ෇֊ޚ߀ݔ‬яȈ ȶႬຝτಁНϾ‫ِޠ‬Ք࣐лࢻཏᜌ࠯ᄙ‫ޠ‬ᡞ౫ȂϛӤِՔϟ໣‫ޠ‬ᔜቒፑ ऐ൸࢑ަཽҮࣾ‫ޠ‬ᅌяȄȷȞȮ၍᠟ᛞᅳན௒е୾ȯȂѯіȈਣൣНϾȂ1994 ԒȂॳ 300ȟ ‫ڻ‬ᖣࡿяȂӶ঩ߒ‫ޠ‬ȃ໑؇‫ޠ‬ѡՃНϾϜȂυ‫ܓ‬ᖃ࢑঩ߒᐮ௒‫ৣ׺‬ϟ‫ܛ‬ӶȂ ȶυ‫ܓ‬ȷࢌ࢑ ȶՍดȷέ࢑ȶНϾȷ ȂԥਣќᐄΠᇅෂᢏȃ໑؇‫ڸ‬ழԥၼ؇କྜ‫ޠ‬ȶϜ୾ȷࣻծ‫ޠ‬ৱ՞Ȃ ԥਣٙ‫ڏ‬НϾᔇय़ȃһඳпІ୧ࠣϾ‫ޠ‬ႇโȄȞȮ঩ߒ‫ޠ‬ᐮ௒ȯȂѯіȈሊࢻȂ2001 ԒȂ ॳ 67-68ȟ‫ؿ‬Ҳ‫ِޠ‬Ք֊ߗܼԫȄ.

(18) 84! ȮѯᢋНᏱᏱൣȯಒΝ෉. щᅗӏ݃կґռႇܼ൑ᖢȇ‫ؿ‬Ҳ‫ڸ‬᝻ᎄӶུᙠᢏ‫܉‬ፑኢϟίȂೞ‫׸‬ᑒኩບՅᏳ ӪඎቒȄ ቒϜഷࡤ‫ޠ‬๗‫׏‬ȂሴծȮकዃჳȯϜ᝙Ҟ஍‫ۏ‬ȃᘌҞ੿Ԭ‫ޠ‬ඎൊᄈЩȂй ၽңϜ՚቉ԓ‫܂ޠ‬ඉ୙௦ᄈྲȂߓ౫ା࡚Їৰਞ‫ݏ‬Ȃ࠳၈‫ޠ‬ൊ‫ٲ‬Ϝᗵ֥ϛԋȂ ໑ί‫ޠ‬ോ‫ٲ‬Ϝԥ഻ҢȂ࿌‫ؿ‬ҲӶ໑ίജཱུ‫ޠ‬Ԋଲӱᜳ౱௴ЛȂᇅԫӤਣ᝻ᎄᇅ ቱ໰Ӷ݃߬ఁஇᖟ՘՚ԓகᙅȂൊኋ‫ீޠ‬િીીဤίȂഷࡤЕോҪિႈ᠏໑ί ԊଲȂቒϜпॾຝᜣᓟߓ౫ົดඎኗȂпఁஇဒᅉ࣐नෂॲ዆݈๽ඎ௑Ȅ‫ؿ‬Ҳ ‫ޠ‬Ԭ࢑౐Ԋτଲ‫ޠ‬ഘဪࠣȂ‫ؿ‬Ҳ‫ޠ‬ඎቒη࢑ᙠަཽ‫ޠ‬ඎቒȄ ଷ࠳၈ࢸ‫ܙ‬ȃ໑ίԊଲϟѵȂ‫ڐ‬уޫ໣ҼԥຬኊձңȈ໑ίৡԊ၈༄‫ؗؗ‬ ‫ޠ‬ટஇхߓᑗತξԒ‫ݳ࡛ۡࡍޠ‬НϾȇଝᚕჳГȃщᅗၒཏӏླྀᇅჳძਞ‫ޠݏ‬ ᐙ༫Ȃ࢑ቒϜ΢‫៪ߓޑ‬ϲӶᖑॲ‫ڸ‬௒ད຃ҢϟӵȂ‫ڏ‬ԥࣀᅦ݈๽ձңȇդஇᇅ ఁஇࠍழ຀ۡఁཏძȂԚ࣐ӓቒົ಴ఀᠠ‫ޠ‬Ω໕Ȅ. ȞѳȟཏຬᘘτϾ ศ֘঩຀пȶᐙφकΠȷᗵൖЎυ‫ޠ‬ԚߞᇅҢ‫ي‬Ȃ؄Ўक‫׻‬՟ԫΚຬኊȂ ၽңኈ჌ਞ‫ݏ‬ђп஽ϾȄࠊԫ፤޲ࡿяȂቒϜпෛ‫ޑ‬ডᗃඉҢ‫ڻޠ‬Ԓඊᕘ‫ם‬ԓ ‫ٿ‬ථұ΢᜹ȶԬκ˕˕ӕҢȷ‫ޠ‬౪དྷІ߭‫܉‬Ȃ35ดՅҢ‫ڽ‬ூп‫៊۾‬Ȃυ‫ܓ‬၍ܺՍ Ҧ‫ޠ‬౪དྷࠔѷဤΠȂ 36 пԫ‫؂‬ᡘяඎቒཏဏȄस஡ᐙ༫၈‫ޠ‬ෛ‫ޑ‬ෂᢏȂ‫ڸ‬ৡԊ ၈‫ޠ‬΢НෂᢏໍΚؐᄈྲȂ‫؂‬ѠُяᏳᅌЇ᠝лِඎቒϟཏȄቒϜȶकՔȷ‫ޠ‬ ຬኊᘘτϾΠȂഷߒ࢑‫ؿ‬ҲпགགҢφ‫ޠ‬क೗यᗃൣ਀Ȃߵ‫ٻ‬τЋЋᖓདྷѠ஡ ‫ڐ‬ા࣐‫ێ‬ȇ‫ࡤڐ‬஼ᐸ๗ᆯ‫ޠ‬கᙅᇅ‫ؿ‬Ҳ‫౉ޠ‬ดઢ௒Ї᠝ȇഷಥΡЋЋࢻ౱ᇅή ЋЋᜳ౱‫ُ࡚ڎ‬՗ᏳӪඎቒȄՎԫȂ‫ݏ‬ᐚ‫ޠ‬๗ᄃȃகᙅ‫ޠ‬ൊኋᇅυ‫ޠܓ‬ඎቒȂ ή޲ࣻᆣӬोҢ‫؂‬ᙵ൳‫ޠ‬ཏຬȄ ᓎ຀௒࿾‫׾ޠ‬ጢȂ঩຀ϊᇴ‫ޑޠ‬ӈȶॸєȷࡿਗ਼ཏోη౱Ң‫׾‬ᡑȈศ֘ϊ ᇴȲߢҞȳ၈υлِ෇ᜓή‫ॸڧ‬єпұ௒ཏȇ ȲᐙφकΠȳϜ‫ᜓ݃߈ؿ‬ΰЊՅ๞. 35. 36. ‫ڻ‬ᐏᄀȂȲ‫᠍ع‬ϜЗཏᜌ‫ޠ‬ณཏᜌᡘ౫˕˕ηፚȮᐙφकΠȯȳȂȮᙜτᏱൣȯȞ2002 Ԓ 5 ෉ȟȂॳ 44-46Ȅ ഍ҞᛞȂ Ȳυ‫ܓ‬ఃᇍ౪དྷ‫ޠ‬ѷဤ˕˕ፚႬຝቒȮᐙφकΠȯϜ‫ؿ‬Ҳ‫ڽ‬ၽ‫ޠ‬అख़ȳ Ȃॳ 43-45Ȅ.

(19) ௄ঐ΢།౸‫ژ‬໲ᡞଅᏺ˕˕ȮᐙφकΠȯϊᇴ‫׾‬ቹᇅኈቒ‫׾‬ጢ‫ޠ‬ोဏᐤโ! 85. ϳ‫ཱུޠڧ‬ᙡ຀ґଛяȂпԫϸրߓႁӬоᙅఁᇅᔇ‫׼‬࿲‫ޠס‬ནཏȂࠊ޲ೞΡЋ Ћึ౫ᏳयඎቒȂࡤ޲ࠍӶԬࡤೞึ౫Յ৷੽ᒹᏻȇႬຝቒϜ‫ؿ‬ҲѬᄈ᝻ᎄ௒ ԥᑀᗪȂΚᄈॸєΚଛ᝻ᎄՅѫঐՍϐ੽຀Ȃ‫ࡤڐ‬Ճྼึ౫ࠐดτࡦȂЖ୞Π ௒࿾ึ৥Ȃॸєαᙖ຀ϊࡀშኻ঩࢑Ճྼ‫וޠ‬Ꮦ෉ࣿȂկഷࡤ‫ؿ‬Ҳᛅ‫࢑ࠔޠ‬᝻ ᎄ‫ࡇޠ‬φȂሴ‫ڏ‬ቜᒟཏ‫ک‬Ȅ঩຀ϊᇴϜѫԥؒφң‫ޠ‬౯ࡀࡀ२ፓя౫Ȃпഷࡤ ‫ޠ‬࿦ບႲұ‫ࢻޠ߈ؿ‬౱ᇅԬκȇႬຝቒࠍпЇ᙮я౫‫ॴޠ‬ᆛȂ஛ଋ‫ؿ‬ҲᄈՍҦ ۸ᆌ‫ޠ‬෿గȂ௄ؒφჳ‫ژ‬ՍҦჳȂϊᇴᇅႬຝቒߓ౫‫ޠ‬υлِᆡઢτϛࣻӤȄ37. Ȟϥȟ஽Ͼ‫ۢڽ‬ᢏ ‫׾‬ጢႬຝቒࣦՎᘗખ঩຀ཏშඵЁ‫ޠ‬๗‫׏‬ȄϊᇴϜ࿌‫ؿ‬৏དዋ‫ڽ߈ؿ‬ၽ࢑ ࠊҢ኶ۢȂϳ‫ڧ‬ሼҍȈ ȶ‫ڽ‬ၽ࢑ᎭՍϐᏮି‫ޠ‬Ȃ۸ᆌ࢑्Սϐ‫ޠڦލ‬ȄȌȌ౫Ӷ ࢑ঐུ‫ޠ‬ਣхȄȷ 38 ดՅ‫ژޣ‬Ҙ೧ਣϬᒶᐆᔇ‫׼‬௒ད‫ڻޠ‬҂ȂՍٙґ૗ᄃ፻‫ܛ‬ ّȄ‫ژ‬Π֕۞ᐠႬኈቒҐϜȂ࿌‫ؿ‬৏ୱϊ‫ڧ‬ϛ࢑ᇴႇ‫ڽ‬ၽᎭՍϐ഻ആਣȂ‫ڻ‬҂ ๏ၿȈȶѠ࢑ȂՍ௄ُႇ‫߈ؿ‬пࡤȂ‫ޤש‬ၿȂԥ‫ٳ‬΢‫ޠ‬ΚҢ‫࢑ۢݨ‬ณѠ‫ۋ‬եȄȷ Ⴌຝቒࠍ‫࣐؂‬஽Ͼ‫ۢڽ‬ᢏȂτ༿ࣻ߭‫ؿ‬Ҳ࢑ԃȶ‫ڽ‬၈‫ޠ‬΢ȷ Ȃ‫ؿ‬Ҳᄈ᝻ᎄҼดȂ ৡ᝻๽౐߭ᆘ‫ڽ‬৲‫ߞّܛ‬φԥࡤϘ૗ᆱࡼঢ়ཿȂᏒᆔ‫ڐ‬у‫ࡧུڏ‬དྷ‫ِޠ‬Քл஼ ‫ڽ‬ၽ्Սϐ‫ڦލ‬Ȃկ‫ؿ‬Ҳ‫ࠔڦލޠ‬ኴϛႇ‫ڽ‬ၽ‫ޠ‬ԋ௷Ȃৈज๽ࡿяȈ ȶΚঐඎቒ ΢‫ޑ‬Ԅ‫ݏ‬ϛᇰ‫ڽ‬Ȃཽ‫؂‬ඎᄟȄȷ39ඳঐِ࡚‫ࣽٿ‬Ȃུࡧདྷ‫ޠ‬ఃᇍ‫ڸ‬ಁ΢‫ޠ‬නֆȂ ЇԚΠ‫ؿ‬ҲቫΤඎቒ౐ే‫ޠ‬௱КȄCawelti ෇ࡿ೾ߺНϾ‫ޠ‬л्ѓ૗ϟΚȂ࢑ᙥ ቒ௒ᇅ΢‫ޑ‬՘୞‫ٿ‬௥સѠ՘ʝϛѠ՘ȂѠమʝϛѠమϟ໣‫ࣩޠ‬ጤȄϛѠ՘ȃϛ Ѡమ‫ޠ‬՘୞឵ܼ஝‫ڽ‬ᢏ‫ޠ‬ഌϸȂՅӶѠ՘ȃѠమ‫ޠ‬ጓ൝ϲȂ೾ߺНϾϜ‫ޠ‬лِ ණ‫ٽ‬๞ᢏಁ՘୞‫ڑޠ‬ጓȄ 40 ‫߈ؿ‬ᇅ᝻ᎄ‫ޠ‬ևΩ࢑ུᙠһ෈ਣх‫ޠ‬ጓ‫پ‬Ȃуউమ ፑખϛѠ՘‫ڸ‬ϛѠమ‫ޠ‬ᙅఁ᛺ᢌȂկಥኴϛႇඎቒ஝‫ޠڽ‬᠗ဌȄ 37. 38. 39 40. ѫѵѾӬ‫࢑ޠ‬ȂႬຝቒϜ‫ؿ‬Ҳ਼ᆎ៍߇ਣȂ᝻ᎄఁԃρրᇑூЋӼЋᆨȂȶၮ΢ΚኻȂᔇ ூЋᆨ൸ѷџΠՍҦȷȂҔᇅȲߢҞȳϜή‫ڧ‬஡ഓ‫ޠژ‬നܺҢȈȶܺѻՍҦ֒Ȋȷ ȶന्Ꮅ ӶࣁЬ၈ȇ΢η࢑Κኻ‫ޠ‬ȄȷȞศ֘ȂȮᓁ༯Ա੹ȯȂॳ 159ȟ‫޲ڎ‬ຬኊཏోࣻӤȂӤኻߓ ౫‫ع‬лِᄈυлِٙϛҦϐ೏ძ‫ޠ‬ᜱᛅϟཏȄ ศ֘ȂȮᐙφकΠȯȂॳ 101Ȅ ҂ၰȃৈज๽ȃ‫߈ڄݔ‬ȂȲυ‫ޠܓ‬௒ནȳȂȮᖓӬൣȯȞ2001 Ԓ 7 У 15 СȟȄ ‫ޚ߀ݔ‬ȂȮ၍᠟ᛞᅳན௒е୾ȯȂॳ 173Ȅ.

(20) 86! ȮѯᢋНᏱᏱൣȯಒΝ෉. пศ֘ҴൠӲᓟ‫ٿ‬ᔯຝ‫׾‬ጢ‫ޠ‬ႬຝቒȂଷΠ΢‫ޑ‬௒࿾‫؂‬୞྄τਉᚕ঩ཏϟ ѵȂҼϛಓӬ‫ڐ‬഻ձᢏȂԃл஼ձࠣᔗᅿ໕්ӪजԂӏ݃‫ٯ‬ழ๞΢উఃึȂด Յ೼ឭඎቒϑߗоᄟቒȂґ૗ႁܼ࠘Յϛ།‫ޠ‬ძӵȂ 41 ‫ٯ‬й‫ݨ‬२‫ם‬ԓ‫ޠ‬ᆡጞᓐ มȂᇅศ֘ණএ఼Ҫ҂ܿ‫ޠ‬഻ձ঩ࠍτϛࣻӤȄ. ߈Ȯቦଇ₏Ŋ᳖᷼Ŀヅ⣶Ԯ߱ʑߡञな೧ᱹ᱿ᦩ⩀ ௄пαϸ‫ݚ‬ѠُȂ؄ЎकᏳᅌ‫ޠ‬ȮᐙφकΠȯϑ಴ᚕ঩຀Ԛ࣐‫࣐؂‬ᖆፓ‫ޠ‬ ུНҐȄႬຝቒክяࡤȂӶ‫ۭڎ‬ӤኻጛആାԞຝ౦ᇅዦ੩Ї៫ȂկӶᢏಁЇ࢏ ᇅຠ፤НԆ‫םܛ‬Ԛ‫ޠ‬ၜមަୣȞinterpretive communityȟ၈ȂѯᢋӼᜱ‫ܼݨ‬΢‫ޑ‬ ‫ܓ‬ੀȃ௒ནᜱ߾ᇅυ‫ܓ‬೏ძ๊ཌྷఅख़ቺ८ȂτഛࠍᆺฑܼቒϜЇ࢏‫ཽަޠ‬໧઼ ‫ڸ‬ཏᜌ࠯ᄙ๊τఅख़ቺ८Ȃ‫ٯ‬Ӽ௄ަཽఁϾѓ૗ِ࡚ᐮ੩‫״‬ຠȂӗ኶Ԅၿ኉‫ؗ‬ ౏ȃ΢‫ܓ‬ജཱུȂ‫ם‬ԓ๽जϲৡ੿ᄙ๊ȶဍ‫ޒ‬ȷȂ42Յഷл्‫ލޠ‬ឋᘉࠍ൝ᙔቒϜ ᄈࡍ࡛ަཽʝЯ᠍ᢏ‫ޠ܉‬ᄙ࡚Ȉ. 41. 42. ศ֘ᄈඎቒ‫ڸ‬ᄟቒ‫࢑ࣩۢޠ‬ȈȶӶඎቒϜ‫ء‬ԥϫ࡮ᇅ෥యȂѬԥৡ‫ڸף‬ៃࣙȷȂඎฯࡤཽ ຃କྤࠕ‫ޠ‬ቷৡȂҦԫ౱Ң‫ו‬గȂໍՅᡞཽҢ‫ޠڽ‬ቌঅᇅཏဏȂՅᄟቒᖃ࢑ᅿ໕ࢆକ‫܅‬ ԫ‫ޠ‬ϫ࡮ȃኹ៪΢‫ܓ‬ᗡඍ८Ȃ ȶ݃݃Ѡпᕖூ༬ᅗ๗‫ٲޠ׌‬Ȃࠔࢉཏ्ཥூЉίτ༅Ȃ‫ױ‬ ΚঐঐِՔဋϟԬӵՅࡤ‫ץ‬Ȃ‫ױ‬᠟޲‫ޠ‬З‫ڗ‬ூя՗Յࡤ‫ץ‬ȄȷȞȮౌ੶ᇅࣣ੶Ȇඎቒᇅᄟ ቒȯȂѯіȈΟᅉȂ1989 ԒȂॳ 115Ȅȟ ѯ ᢋ ᢏ ಁ ଇ፤ Ѡ ُ ܼϵ Ӕ Ⴌຝ ᆪ યȂτ ഛ ‫״‬ց ௒ ‫ ݸ‬ዦ੩Ȃᢏ ಁ ଇ ፤ ୣ ۢ ӫȶ ؄ Ў क Ȃ ࣽ ᑓ Ȋ ȷ ඾ ႈ ᇰ ࣐ ϲ ৡ ੿ ᄙ ᓠ ኁ Ȃ ࢑ ȶ ᝓ २ ෥ ੾ ‫ ޠ‬ձ ࠣ ȷȞ ᚮ ໰ ๽ ȂȲȮ τ ݃ য় ມ ȯ . Ȯ ᐙ φ क Π ȯ ˕˕ᝓ २ ෥ ੾ ‫ ޠ‬ձ ࠣ ȳȂȮ ࠓ Р С ൣ ȯȂ 2002 Ԓ 5 У 12 С Ȃ http://ent.sina.com.cn/r/m/2002-05-26/84993.htmlȟȂ‫ٯ‬൸ȮᐙφकΠȯ‫ޠ‬጖ӫђпቜᒟȈ Ԅ؄ྱѨ৷ȲᐙφकΠȂᓟึ༄ΠȳȃȲΚዻᆼ૛‫ޠ‬ȶሗ຋ȷ˕˕ຠȮᐙφकΠȯȳȃȲकᐙ ҫ၈ԥែ᠒ ፽Κ፽፳ࢣ޲؄Ўक‫ڌ᠌ޠ‬ȳ๊Ȅ‫ڐ‬Ϝቒ௒༅ঘ೾ࡄ‫ޠ‬ഌϸȂೞᇰ࣐ ԥЖᏳၿ኉‫༽ޠ౏ؗ‬ᅹȈȶᜳၿυ᠍лဏ޲ഥดѠп೼ኻӵ࣐ஐυ‫ڦލ‬೼ኻ‫ޠ‬Ⱥ᠍ΩȻ ༞ ?ȷ έԄȈȶ ᆡઢᏊбȊȊȊȌȌӶᑗ྄Ӫί‫ޠ‬ЖᏳ΢উ‫ޠ‬ၿ኉ᢏ‫܉‬ȄȷȞ੖ࡀφȂ http://www1.people.com.cn/BIG5/guandian/183/2181/2977/20020226/674766.html ȟ ‫ ܗ‬ᇰ ࣐ ߓ౫΢‫ܓ‬ജ྄ཱུϛୋஷȈ ȶӶᆡज‫ޠ‬ᜣᓟᇮّϜȂ࢑Κထ࿍‫ޠם‬΢‫ޑ‬Ӷߓ౫Սϐ‫ޠ‬ᗡ५Ȃ ‫ܛ‬ԥ΢എӶ࣐Սϐ‫ޠ‬ኔగशश௴ЛȄȷܿ౱Ңȶϛً‫ཽަޠ‬ኈ៫ȷȞᒄ➬ȂȲചᆼᇅᇖҪ ˕˕ຠႬຝቒȮᐙφकΠȯ‫୳ޠ‬ज‫ڦ‬Ӫȳ Ȃ Ȯ࿌хႬຝȯ Ȃ2002 Ԓ 6 ෉Ȃॳ 15ȟ ȇѫԄȶӶȮᐙ φकΠȯ࣐‫ש‬উᆡಡඣ‫ޠڔ‬௒ནฬඃ၈Ȅ‫࢑ޠُࣽש‬Ս‫ڸؾ‬෥‫ף‬ȄȷȞༀᓇ߀ȂȲߝҞ‫ڐ‬ѵ ‫ޠ‬ȺᐙφȻ˕˕ᄈȮᐙφकΠȯІ‫ڐ‬౫ຬ‫ࡧޠ‬ՄȳȂȮ࿌хႬຝȯȂ2002 Ԓ 6 ෉Ȃॳ 10-12ȟ ᖃᡞՅّᇰ࣐‫ם‬ԓτܼᄃ፵Ȉ ȶӭ΢‫࡛ࡍޠ‬ᙅఁȃ‫װ‬ԣ‫ޠ‬᡺ቁȃ੿ᄙ‫ޠ‬Ⱥན௒Ȼȃ౵Ͼ‫ޠ‬΢ ‫ܓ‬ȂഎңȺ୳जȻ‫ޠ‬ᎎ಩ҁєᇦକ‫ٿ‬Ȅȷ ȞมҰȂ ȲߝҞ‫ڐ‬ѵ ం๛‫ڐ‬Ϝ˕˕ຠȶᐙφकΠȷȳȂ 2002 Ԓ 2 У 26 СȂhttp://www1.people.com.cn/BIG5/guandian/30/20020226/674083.htmlȄ.

(21) ௄ঐ΢།౸‫ژ‬໲ᡞଅᏺ˕˕ȮᐙφकΠȯϊᇴ‫׾‬ቹᇅኈቒ‫׾‬ጢ‫ޠ‬ोဏᐤโ! 87. ȞΚȟЇ‫࡛ࡍ׫‬ᗚ࢑जϾࡍ࡛ȉ Ӷ೼ឭࡍ࡛ަཽनෂ‫ޠ‬ඎቒ၈Ȃᢏಁ‫ءٯ‬ԥࣽ‫ڏژ‬ᡞՅ݃ጃ‫״ޠ‬ցᄈຬȂ ؑঐ΢‫ޑ‬എԥ‫ڐ‬ѠඎѠኗϟ೏Ȃ༊ԥЎ኶፤޲ᇰ࣐၏ቒȶ߬я‫࢑ޠ‬Їࡍ࡛ᄰ ቿȷȂ 43Ӽ኶៖ೱ‫ڐ‬जϾࡍ࡛ަཽ‫ޠ‬ཏშȈ Ԃ჌٦ঐਣх‫ء‬ԥԍᎡ‫྄ڎޠ‬ፑऐȂ‫ء‬ԥኛࡦ‫ޠ‬΢ထȄȌȌ೼ᆎ౟஽‫ޠ‬ అख़Ȃ๞஽༗ထᡞ఻ђཐඎȂ෈৶༗ထᡞᗵᑏฯशȂѬ࢑ጢആΠΚঐ஽ ৶Ѕན‫ޠ‬ઢၘȂߩளϛൟΚᔟȄ 44 ೼ኻ‫ݳࣽޠ‬ᇅࠊԫτഛ፤޲ᄈศ֘ձࠣ‫ޠ‬ຠቌե‫ࣻڐ‬ծȈ ‫׈‬ӓ‫ྸܢ‬΢໣‫ޠ‬ҮࣾᄈҴȂϛϸਣхϛϸ໧઼ηϛϸ࢑ߩȂ֐ۢ໑؇Ϝ দࠉᇅᔇय़౫ຬ‫ޠ‬ԇӶȂ஡ᙠਣх‫ޠ‬ၼ؇ඣᛳԚзѵੁྜȂ᛻೛ӏீ௬ ϛ՟ࡧདྷ‫ޠ‬೵৶Ȅ 45 ԃ‫ܛ‬৥౫໑໣ҢࣁȂΚб‫ڸ‬ᒚᄀᓘȂ30 ԒхᙠϜ୾ၼ؇෥መ‫ޠ‬໧઼ᔇय़ ๊઎ᄃ‫ཽަޠ‬౫‫ޒ‬ȂӶԃ‫ޠ‬යНϲூϛ‫ژ‬ᔗԥ‫ޠ‬Ї࢏Ȃ์ί‫ޠ‬΢‫ޑ‬Ȃࣽ ϛя໧઼ୣϸȄȌȌԃ‫࢚ྤޠ‬මࠕࡧདྷη‫܂܂‬Ԛ࣐ϛϸ໧઼ȃϛϸ࢑ߩ ‫ޠ‬ཐඎ‫ޠ‬๵ᙢЗဘȄ 46 ‫ܛ‬ϛӤ‫࢑ޠ‬፤޲ᇰ࣐ศ֘ձࠣુн‫״‬ց‫ܓ‬Ȃ࢑ӱྤ࢚මࠕࡧདྷᇅཐඎۡఁ௒ ᛅȂՅ؄ЎकဍђΚ๊Ȃ਴Ґ࢑ȶ҉຀Їࡍ࡛‫ޠ‬ཆφजϾࡍ࡛ަཽ‫࡛ࡍڸ‬ཏᜌȷ Ȃ 47. 43. 44 45. 46. 47. τഛ೾ߺቒ‫׹‬ᅌ‫ཽަޠ‬ѓ૗Ҧ‫ٿ‬ϑεȂ48ᄈϛಓӬлࢻཏᜌ࠯ᄙ‫ޠ‬ႬຝቒȂ‫׫‬. ෇ኋ࿆ȃሂႄऎȂ Ȳ‫ژ‬ȶᐙ༫ȷࣽඎቒᜱܼȮᐙφकΠȯ‫ޠ‬ᄈၘȳ Ȃ Ȯ࿌хႬኈȯ Ȟ2002 Ԓ 2 ෉ȟȂॳ 91-92Ȅ ؄ྱѨ৷ȂȲᐙφकΠȂᓟึ༄ΠȳȂȮτᇇѯ᛻೛ᚗУёȯȞ2002 Ԓಒή෉ȟȂॳ 63Ȅ ؈ϰ݃ȂȲఘᄃऎȃศ֘ȃ஼‫ޠٴؿ‬යНȳȂȮ౫хѯᢋНᏱѭȯȞᘮ໩ȈᒸᄀτᏱȂ1987 ԒȟȂॳ 747Ȅ ዟჳ༫Ȃ Ȳቁ౟ჳᑩᏺࢉ໑ၑ፤ศ֘ᛅ໑ࡧᒒ‫ޠ‬යНȳ Ȃ ȮᄳࠓᏱൣȯ Ȟ1984 Ԓ 4 ෉ȟȂ ॳ 87Ȅ wenzhaȲȶᐙφकΠȷ҉຀Їࡍ࡛ཆφजϾࡍ࡛ަཽȃཏᜌȳȞ2002 Ԓ 2 У 26 СȟȂ http://www1.people.com.cn/BIG5/guandian/183/2181/2977/20020226/674561.htmlȂ᜹ծ‫ࣽޠ‬.

(22) 88! ȮѯᢋНᏱᏱൣȯಒΝ෉. ឋᖑ੐Սดੀѵ஽੩Ȅ ‫ف‬ഥႬຝቒ࢑जϾΠࡍ࡛ަཽ‫״ࡼ࢑ܗ‬ցᄙ࡚ȉӒࣽቒϜ΢‫ޑ‬ᜱ߾‫ޠ‬ԋ ௷ȂৡՃྼѠᒞᆱៗࡍ࡛༗Ω‫ڸ‬Я᠍ࡅᝓ‫ޠ‬хߓȂดՅ‫ڸ‬у‫ם‬ӤЯφ‫ޠ‬᝻ᎄࠔᇅ ‫ؿ‬Ҳ༅ঘȂΡЋЋჽकη‫ڸ‬ϵѨᙜসτ୊ѵႅȂณ፤൸ঢ়৴ঘ౪‫ཽަܗ‬໧઼ӵ՞ ՅّȂഎ࢑ίᄈα‫ޠ‬ЇࠖȂ‫ڐ‬Ϝᗵ֥‫ޠ‬᜻᙮‫ܓ‬ϛّՅൖȂดՅഷಥ๗‫׌‬ϬӲᘫ Ҕक़Ȃ֖౫Κൠϛᄖ‫ޠۼ‬Ї‫׫‬Ȅቜᒟ‫࢑ޠ‬ȂৡՃྼԒሇਣ঩࢑ᇅज๾ՍҦᠿན ԚகȂ‫ࠔࡤڐ‬ϬဤΤή‫ۏ‬ѳ‫ޠێ‬ᙠԓகࡆዂԓȂуӶ໑ίঢ়Ϝൊ᠟‫ޠ‬ϊᇴȮញ ᒻȯ Ȃ֊пऐખࡍ࡛ᙅఁகᠿՍл࣐ᚡ؆Ȃԫਫึදϥѳਣ෉НᏱઢဒ‫ޠ‬ఃᇍձ ңȂԚ࣐‫ؿ‬Ҳᘑ‫ڑޠ܂‬ጓ‫ٯ‬пٙਞ‫ݳ‬Ȃࡤ‫ڐ‬຃ึ‫ޠ‬ՍҦࡧདྷࠔ‫ڨ‬ৡՃྼᔇ‫ښ‬Ȅ ᇅৡ᝻๽‫ܛ‬хߓ‫ࡧ࡛ࡍޠ‬དྷࣻᄈ‫ޠ‬΢‫ޑ‬Ȃ࢑ٗӶਣхዙࢻԍᆓ‫ޠ‬ѿᖏߨԒ ѡ‫ؙ‬ԐȂуί໑ᡞᡜၼ؇Ңࣁȃ‫׫‬ឋࡍ࡛ࡧདྷȃϛਣ‫״‬ցȶӭ΢‫ޠ‬ᙅఁȷ Ȃйᡲ ‫ۦ‬වӶቹ๞‫ؿ‬Ҳ‫߭ޠ‬ϜࡈඵȈȶᙠ༗Ωңঢ়৴ഭ࿓υ΢Ȃ‫ٻ‬ԃউԚ࣐‫ޠ᠍ع‬Ѹ ᗶȂυ‫ܓ‬၍ܺ‫ޠ‬᏾ൠȂᖃ࢑௄ঢ়৴໡ۗȌȌȷկҮࣾ‫࢑ޠ‬ȂуჃᓿ‫ۦ‬වၮঢ়ߞ ༗Ωି‫ލ‬Ȃࠔηិܑуᇰ࣐хߓΠࡍ࡛ᙅఁ‫ޠ‬τ༿ȇу஡᝻ᎄຝ࣐ࡍ࡛༗Ωᔔ ϷȂկᄈ೼՞Ᏹߞηඛดིࣨϛ‫ܛޤ‬௪Ȅѡ‫ؙ‬Ԑ‫ޠ‬౪‫܉‬৷ดࢻܼ൑ᖢ‫ޠ‬πဵȂࠔ ད୞‫ٯ‬ൕᒻΠ൑હ‫ޠ‬Ԓሇυ‫ܓ‬Ȃഷࡤ‫ۦ‬වቹ๞‫ؿ‬Ҳ‫߭ޠ‬Ϝ౐‫عڨ‬Ѕπ֜ኈ៫Ȉ ȶձ ུ࣐ਣх‫ޠ‬Ԓሇ΢ȌȌ‫ש‬উ‫ۢ؛‬ϛӕԚ࣐ᙠ༗Ω‫ޠ‬ᔔϷȂ‫ש‬উϛ᜺ࣽ‫ژ‬Κঐ‫ש‬উ ‫ܛ‬ན‫ޠ‬΢Ԛ࣐ѫΚᆎࡍ࡛༗Ω‫ޠ‬ៃࣙࠣȌȌȷߵ‫ؿٻ‬Ҳίۢяٗ‫؛ޠ‬ЗȄ ቒϜഷࡤΚ໲Ȃ‫ۦ‬වяআৡ᝻๽࠳၈‫ޠ‬ঢ়Ȃᡲѡ‫ؙ‬Ԑ౦ስᏱҢѣ໡пȶЇ ࡕȆЇࡍ࡛ȆҖлఀ୾ȷ࣐ຨؒ‫ޠ‬ଇ፤ཽȂӶೞຝձȶЋၦ౱໧઼ȷ‫ܙࢸޠ‬τ. 48. ‫ݳ‬ᗚԥȶӶαॹ‫ޠ‬᛻೛ੀ።ίєৡ‫཯࢑ޠ‬ᘜҮࣾ‫ޠ‬৶༗лᚡϲৡȄᄈࡍ࡛‫ޠ‬ΚЊӼ‫ښۏ‬ ྤ௒૖૖ȂӼЎЇ࢏я௒དα‫ޠ‬ϛୋஷȄȷȞеߧ຃ȂȲ᛻೛᎝ჭ‫ޠ‬஽༗ᇅлᚡ཯ᘜ‫ޠ‬৶ ༗఼ፚȮᐙφकΠȯ‫ޠ‬᛻೛ߓ౫І‫ڐ‬ϲӶٗӪ‫ޠ‬Үࣾȳ Ȃ ȮϜ୾Ⴌຝȯ Ȃ2002 Ԓ 8 ෉Ȃ ॳ 22-23ȟȶ‫ء‬ԥӉեΚঐِՔඹܼӪࡍ࡛ᙅఁ‫ڸ‬ᙠ༗Ωึяࡦ֢Ȅ΢উࣽ‫ޠژ‬എѬ࢑ۨ ௄ܼኔగ‫ޠ‬ඎ࠘ȄȌȌ๽ज‫ޠ‬є၇ȂᄃӶณ‫ݳ‬௬ᇑѻϲৡ‫ޠ‬ചᆼ‫ڸ‬ᇖҪȄȷ Ȟ஼໰ҥȂ Ȳ๽ ज‫ޠ‬є၇௬ᇑϛΠചᆼ‫ڸ‬ᇖҪᢏȮᐙφकΠȯདّȳ Ȃ Ȯ࿌хႬຝȯ Ȃ2002 Ԓ 5 ෉Ȃॳ 18-19ȟ Ϝ୾ΡɒԒхঐրႬኈ֊ϑᜱЗυ᠍‫ڸ‬ഽϏୱᚡȂήɒԒх຀ӫጢቒঢ়ৈो஡ϥѳЇࡕ Їࡍ࡛ؒ‫؂‬ᙐϾȃτಁϾȇԫࡤѿᖏН΢्‫ٻ‬ȶ೾ߺቒȷ೼Κࢻ՘‫ם‬ԓ݉ଡ଼ܼ९‫࢈ޠڽ‬ ‫ݾ‬ȂӶᙠԥஆᙄαᙾΤ଼ջࡧлဏᜱܼ໧઼ି‫ލ‬ȃၦҐлဏȃࡕ୾лဏ‫܉྆ޠ‬Ȃ‫ٻ‬๢ඍ ‫؂‬ђ੓෼ϸ݃ȄȞ౴ջ୊ȂȲȶ೾ߺቒȷȃϥѳ༉ಜᇅϜ୾ႬኈȳȂ᎓ᐚීጢȂȮНϾ‫״‬ຠᇅ ๽ᇮႬኈȯȂॳ 37-49ȟ.

(23) ௄ঐ΢།౸‫ژ‬໲ᡞଅᏺ˕˕ȮᐙφकΠȯϊᇴ‫׾‬ቹᇅኈቒ‫׾‬ጢ‫ޠ‬ोဏᐤโ! 89. ᢉϜȂ௯ᅗ‫ڴ‬െՍҦ‫ڸ‬၍ܺ‫ޠ‬कҁ఩Ȃଇ፤ȶ፤ஐυ၍ܺ‫ޠ‬ഋ৸ȷ Ȃ࿌ѡ‫ؙ‬ԐჃ ֛ಁ΢എᔗ౐Τၼ؇ȂџནΚঐೞࡍ࡛༗Ωᔇय़‫ޠ‬υࡇȂ‫ױ‬ԃউ௄༄ཱུϜழя ‫ٿ‬ȂԫርРೞय़ᇅ‫ؿ‬Ҳ೧ր‫ޠ‬᝻ᎄȂழ᎗ᚒΤඎኛᜐቜȂ्‫ؙ‬ԐҴ‫ڔ‬ழ‫ۦ‬වᚕ ঢ়пռؐαՍϐࡤჩȄ೼Κࢳԋ௷൸ӓቒॴੀՅّႇܼऐλ‫ޣ‬ҪȂկԥཏࡧӵ ࢑Ȃ؄ЎकᏳᅌࠔ࣐‫ع‬лِ‫ޠ‬ฯϹചມད୞Յȶ࡟ൊ ೼ൠᔜȷ Ȃ49ԫࢳ݃ᡘࡿ яϥѳп७҉ঈࡍ࡛༗Ω‫ޠ‬౪‫܉‬ȂӶ౫ᄃϜᜳпဤᄃ‫ޠ‬ณ‫ۋ‬Ȃηഇ៪ጢᏳ‫ࣹޠ‬ ࡧ‫ڸ‬౪‫܉‬Ȅ50ቒϜᄈࡍ࡛༗Ωጃԥ‫ؗ‬२‫ޠ‬ЇࡧȂկߩ൑Κ‫ޠ‬௢ຨՅԥፙ࠭౪၍Ȃ ࣦйࢻ៪ᄈᙠަཽ‫ݦ‬൝‫ؗޠ‬ฉᠿ‫܉‬ȂЏ‫ڐ‬Ї࢏Ӷಡ࿾‫ޠ‬ᗀ‫ف‬᎝ച‫ڸ‬ઢબࡘཌྷ੊ ‫ޠݦ‬ᕋആȂՎܼᄈ༉ಜՙႻᆡᓐಡมӵ৥౫Ȟӫঢ়ဩᓇ఻೪ॏȟ Ȃϑ֖౫ߗܼો ྣஉᠿ‫ޠ‬௒ᄙȄ. ȞΡȟ৥౫υ‫ܓ‬лဏ‫ܗ‬ፓᇨЯ᠍ࡧདྷȉ ศ֘෇ၿȈȶ‫ש‬Ս҃‫࢑ޠڨ‬ή௄ѳ኉‫ޠ‬ᙠఁ‫ي‬Ȅȷ51ձࠣ‫ޠ‬υ‫ܓ‬ཏᜌᏒᆔ୒ ӪߴԉȂࠔη෇ᡲȲߢҞȳϜ‫ޠ‬ϊ៸Κ‫ع׶‬൶υ‫੊࡫ޠڡ‬Ȉ ȶ൸࣐‫ء‬ԥ‫ڌ‬φȂᇴ ‫ש‬υ‫ڌ‬ঢ়ϛϜңȂ्ଇঐΡЋЋ‫ٿ‬Ң‫ڌ‬φȄ‫ߞש‬τΠΚ्ۢ‫ލ‬π੊ȂߢҞȄղ η्‫੊ލ‬ȌȌ౫Ӷ‫ޠ‬зࣩ࢑‫ع‬υ҂๊Ȅȷ 52 ؄Ўक஽ϾΠ঩຀Ϝࡍ࡛ᇅЇࡍ࡛ ϟ໣‫ޠ‬஼ΩȂ‫ڸٯ‬ӒࠊႬኈጢቒ֕۞ᐠΚኻ‫؂‬ᄕᡘΠυ‫ܓ‬ཏᜌȄࣻၷܼቒϜυ ‫ܼࠎܓ‬ៃࣙ‫ۉ‬ᝧȃҢ‫ڽ‬Ω஁໶Ȃ‫ܓع‬ᡘூՍ‫ؾ‬೻৶й‫܍‬ᔚȂຬኊЯ᠍༗Ω‫ޠ‬ৡ Ճྼ‫؂‬᎐ȶџ༗ȷȂ‫ܓع‬ᢏಁᄈԫ྄ߓϛᅗȂดҼԥυ‫ܓ‬лဏ޲ᇰ࣐Ȉȶ؄Ўक Ӷᄈ஽ਅ‫᠍ع‬ಜ‫ݾ‬ίυ‫ܓ‬ඎᄟ‫ڽ‬ၽ‫ޠ‬ᜱ‫ݨ‬ȃࡧՄ‫ޠ‬ӤਣȂ௬Ⴛϛ՟‫᠍ع‬ϜЗཏ ᜌ‫ޠ‬ณཏᜌࢻ៪Ȅȷ 53υᏳᅌ‫ݏ‬઎Ӷณཏ໣ᒴඊЯ᠍༉ಜ‫ޠ‬ዀྦᇅቌঅȉ. 49. 50. 51 52 53. ᫠‫ۉ‬ᐹȂȲᐙφ࢑ࡪኻᡑक‫ޠ‬ȉ೥Ᏻᅌ؄ЎकȳȂԞܼ᎓२ȃе्ȂȮᐙφकΠȯȂॳ 8Ȅ Ӷ᎓२ȃе्ጢቹ‫ޠ‬ቒҐϜȂᄈࡍ࡛༗Ω‫ޠ‬຀Ꮟ‫؂‬ӼȂԄ஽።Ճྼ‫ڸ‬τЋЋ࿌ߒࣻᠿႃ ‫׫‬ঢ়ߞՍҦᠿན‫ޠ‬ႇโȂ෇᎝৥τ༿ᄈլၼХ༇‫ޠ‬ቷࡌȂпІቱ໰्ؒ᝻ᎄӪί឵τ୊ ၿᅈਣȂᄈ໧઼ᢏ‫ޠ܉‬ᄚ඘ചມȂ೼‫ٳ‬എґৡાӶႬຝቒϜȄ ศ֘ȂȮማ՘༿༿ȯȞѯіȈΟᅉȂ1992 ԒȟȂॳ 176Ȅ ศ֘ȂȮᓁ༯Ա੹ȯȂॳ 155Ȅ ᄈܼԫቒϜ‫ޠ‬υ‫ܓ‬ཏᜌȂԥ‫ߓܓع‬ႁϛᅗȈ ȶ‫ع‬΢࢑৶޲Ȃ࢑ᔚЊȌȌՅυ΢࢑஽޲Ȃ࢑ ན‫ڸ‬ज‫ޠ‬ϾٙȂԥ຀஥ା‫ޠ‬ៃࣙᆡઢȂ‫ۉ‬ᝧᆡઢȂ‫ڸ‬ඎኗ௒ᛅȄȌȌ؄Ўक‫ޠ‬Ⱥᐙ༫Ȼ ၈Ȃ‫ع‬΢ณᅹ࢑Ӝ፵ࠣȂυ΢ࠍഎ࢑ᓻًࠣᆎȄȷ Ȟ஼৬Ȃ Ȳ‫ع‬΢Ȃᐙ༫၈‫ޠ‬Ӝ፵ࠣȳ.

(24) 90! ȮѯᢋНᏱᏱൣȯಒΝ෉. ጢᏳ‫ٯ‬ґᡲቒϜ‫֖ܓڎ‬౫൑Ӫ‫ޠ‬৛‫ښ‬ʝೞ৛‫ښ‬ᜱ߾Ȃৡ᝻๽ࢌ࢑υ‫ޠܓ‬ђ ড়޲Ȃη࢑Я᠍ᢏ‫ڨޠ܉‬ড়޲ȇՅτ༿ࢌ࢑Я᠍ᢏ‫ڨޠ܉‬ড়޲Ȃη࢑‫ڐ‬уυ‫ܓ‬ ‫ޠ‬ђড়޲Ȅ঩ҐᎭτЋЋঢ়౱କঢ়‫ޠ‬ՃྼȂ‫ٸ‬фަཽϜ‫ޠܓع‬ᓻ༗টᎾ‫ڐ‬αȂ Սᇰ࣐࢑Κঢ়ϟлȂഷࡤስਃ঩࢑τЋЋӶМእ೼ঐঢ়ȄৡՃྼ౴Ң࣐ۡఋۘ Ыȃӫ៘‫ٲ‬ཿևΩȂЋЋউ্ঢ়‫ۘޠ‬ЫೞᅒຝՅਞ‫܇‬ৡঢ়ȞԄ‫ؿ‬ҲۘЫѬя౫ Ӷя༻ࠊȂІԬࡤท՞α‫ޠ‬ȶৡ؄‫ؿ‬Ҳϟ᡺՞ȷȟȂυ‫࣐ܓ‬ན௒ঢ়৴ряȃ࣐Ң ‫ي‬ୱᚡश඙ȂᏒᆔ᝻ᎄᇅτ୊ηຝ௒ནܼ‫ٲ‬ཿϟαȂկഷಥуউ‫ޠ‬ན௒‫ܜ‬ᒜࠔ ґ૗ᄃ፻Ȅ ᄈܼ᝻ᎄ‫ڸ‬ѡ‫ؙ‬Ԑ೼‫ڨٳ‬ႇུԓఁ‫ߨޠي‬ԒՅّȂуউ‫ޠ‬ན௒॓ԥऽ໱ૢ ‫ޠ‬ઢဒ‫ڽٻ‬Ȃࣽծ२ᗑϥѳၘᇮϜ‫ޤ‬ᜌߨԒࢂఀʝఃᇍ৶༗υφ‫ޠ‬ዂԓȂดՅ ѡ‫ؙ‬Ԑេᒰ‫ۦ‬වུࡧདྷȂ‫ڎ‬΢ࠊෂࠔґ҇ӏ݃ȇ᝻ᎄп࣐Սϐ‫׹‬ᅌࢂఀ‫ؿ‬Ҳ‫ޠ‬ ِՔȂ઎Ҕᡲ‫ؿ‬Ҳᔘூ‫ٯ‬ᡞᡜ౫хυ‫ܓ‬Ңࣁ‫࢑ࠔޠ‬ቱ໰Ȃй᝻ᎄഷಥηሰ्ቱ ໰ࢂఀȄ ӕࣽυлِ‫ؿ‬ҲȂձ࣐Κঐೞమగηೞࢂఀ‫ࡋޠ‬ᡞȂᏳᅌ‫ڦޠ‬ᜣ࢑п‫ܓع‬ ՞ဋ 54 Ӷᢏࣽ‫ٯ‬༮ആԃྀྀѠኖ‫ޠ‬ઢᄙȂԄ֩ᛛૢӶަཽᙅఁ‫رޠ‬᠗௴Лؐؐ. 54. ‫ݚ‬ȶᐙφकΠȷ၈‫ޠ‬Κᆎ΢‫ܓ‬ᢏᇳୣȟȂ2002 ԒȂ http://www1.people.com.cn/BIG5/ wenyu/64/130/20020228/676444.htmlȟηԥ፤޲௄υ‫ܓ‬лဏِ࡚ߓႁ஽੩ϛᅗȂᇰ࣐ᄻԚ ‫ؿ‬ҲᇅჽकࡇφΚҢΚԬϛӤ๗‫ޠ׌‬঩ӱȂӶܼࡇφ࢑֐ۘȶৡȷ Ȃп௄ԫѠȶᑜُԃ‫ޠ‬ НϾቌঅցᘟȂᄃርαϛ൸࢑‫᠍ع‬ϜЗཏᜌ‫ޠ‬ณཏᜌᡘ౫༞ȉȷ‫ٯ‬ᄈቒϜυ‫ܓ‬ӓ኶‫״‬ցȂ ᇰ࣐τ༿ȶϑစ౵Ͼ࣐‫ޠ᠍ع‬ΚϸφȂ࢑ϛ‫׸‬ϛԛ‫࡛ࡍޠ‬ፐၿ޲ȷȂȶԃ‫ޠ‬Վ๢ՎजȂ ௬ᇑΠȞକጇ࢑సϾΠȟԃձ࣐‫᠍ع‬хّ΢Ȃ‫ײ‬యߨԒΚх‫ޠ‬ՍҦཏ‫ע‬ਣ‫ޠ‬෥‫ף‬ȃቋ ϾȄȷᏳᅌ঩࢑्ᙥ‫ؿ‬Ҳ᎐ႅȶ௢ຨࡍ࡛ᙅఁ‫ޠ‬ӭ΢Ґ፵ȷȂᡘ౫ঐ‫ܓ‬၍ܺ޲ณ‫ݳ‬ႊ຺ ‫ܓع‬ಜ‫ݾ‬ሬᛥȂดՅߓ౫я‫ޠٿ‬ȶࠔϬด࢑ೞ‫ܓع‬НϾདྷ჌‫ڸ‬ቌঅ‫ڦ‬Ӫ‫ܛ‬ആ൸я‫ޠٿ‬ υ‫ܓ‬Ȅȷȶჽकளӱ௒କ࡮Ȃֹ౐Յ੊౿Ȅԃ‫ޠ‬ᆘॏȃካዒȃӉ‫ܓ‬ȃౡᅹȂᄃርα࢑‫ع‬ ᠍ϜЗਣх‫ڡ‬ཌྷυ‫࣐ܓ‬ៗٙ᠍ઊ‫ޠ‬ΚᆎѠኖՅέѠඎ‫ޠ‬Ї‫ם׫‬ԓȄȷՎܼഷ౪‫ޤޠܓ‬ ᜌυߨԒቱ໰ȶпᄈ‫ࠎܓع‬ඹࢆ᏾໡ۗȂࠔпᄈ‫ߤٸܓع‬ȃ֚ۨ݉ಥȄȷ๗፤࣐ȈϜ ୾ഷԂ‫ޠ‬υᏳᅌȂ୒୒Ѭཽጢആяဋ৶༗υ‫ܼܓ‬Ԭӵ‫ޠ‬ȶԇЉ౪ྟ΢మȷ‫ܓعޠ‬ଝჳȂ ȶ዗Ӷ‫ၘܓعޠ‬ᇮҴൠ‫ٻ‬ூቒҐ‫ޠ‬Їࡍ഻࡛ձߒ଀ᡑΠ‫ک‬ȂηѬ૗ᡲ΢඘ዋ‫᠍ع‬ϜЗ ཏᜌϟ஽τȃজႳȊȷ Ȟ‫ڻ‬ᐏᄀȂ Ȳ‫᠍ع‬ϜЗཏᜌ‫ޠ‬ณཏᜌᡘ౫ηፚȮᐙφकΠ ȯȳȂ ॳ 44-45ȟࠊԫҼԥ፤޲ࡿяȂ؄Ўक஡п‫ܓع‬ຝِ৥ұᙠԓϜ୾ঢ়ఋ‫ޠ‬ӫ຀ȮႫߧȯ ‫ڸ‬Ȯτ݃য়ມȯȂᄖ‫ۼ‬᜻᙮Ԛಡᑷ୞΢‫ޠ‬υ‫ٲࢉܓ‬ȂȶࠔϬดณ‫ݳ‬ଠᗘп‫ၘܓع‬ᇮ࣐л ᡞ‫ཽަޠ‬नෂ‫ޠ‬ਣਣ᠗ဌ‫ڸ‬ቸຝȷȄُܼե‫ݎ‬Ȳȶᆡઢϸ‫ݚ‬ȷυᏳᅌ؄ЎकȳȂ2004 ԒȂ http://www.booker.com.cn/big5/paper23/22/class002300004/hwzl59857.htmȄ ኈቒϜජඬ‫ٯ‬ၽձȶ‫ݨ‬ຝȷ Ȟgazeȟ޲Ȃ࢑௵‫ڦ‬Π‫ޠܓع‬՞ဋȞmasculine positionȟȂυ‫ܓ‬ Ѭ࢑‫ܓع‬዗ཏᜌ‫ܛ‬ၽң‫ޠ‬ΚঐಓဵȂυ‫ٯܓ‬ґೞӕ౫࣐υ‫ܓ‬Ȟnot woman as womanȟȄ୥ ُ؄ѯ߀Ȯυ‫ܓ‬Ⴌኈ౪፤ȯȞѯіȈඵහНϾȂ1996 ԒȟȂॳ 60Ȅ.

(25) ௄ঐ΢།౸‫ژ‬໲ᡞଅᏺ˕˕ȮᐙφकΠȯϊᇴ‫׾‬ቹᇅኈቒ‫׾‬ጢ‫ޠ‬ोဏᐤโ! 91. ٗӪԬκȄᏒᆔԃೞ‫ޑ‬ϾȂԚ࣐ՃྼȃτЋЋ‫ڸ‬᝻ᎄᄃ౫өՍ᜺గ‫ޠ‬Ϗ‫ڏ‬Ȃկ ηӶಁ΢‫ڗ‬ᐮί຃ึՍញȂԃ෇Ӓࡤαᅌ‫ڎ‬ԪяٗଅȈಒΚԪೞ୞ӵ௦‫ڨ‬᝻ᎄ ԋ௷ȂႲॏҦቱ໰௦ᔗ‫࠳ژ‬၈Ȃࠔ࡭ѾӶԫਣՃྼӲ‫ٿ‬ȇѫΚԪ࢑ᖞࣶࠊщᅗ ‫ו‬గӵߓႁՍлཏ᜺Ȉ ȶ‫्ٗש‬ȂΚҢ‫ࡇ׈‬φ൸ٗȂ჌ৎ‫ܝ‬٦ኻȌȌȷпϥѳၘ ᇮ৥౫лᡞཏᜌȂҢ‫ࠔڽ‬ఌ֊๗‫ٻ؃‬ூ౪དྷґഥȄᜳ౱঩ӱ࣐ȶࡇφߞঈ‫ޠ‬Ȃ ᓟ්ίȊȷτЋЋᆹّ‫ޣ‬ዋȈ ȶആ᝘֣Ȃആ᝘ȌȌȷпԫᡘ౫Љཏᄈ༅ঘ‫ޠ‬ᛄᆵȂ Κൠυ‫ܓ‬ཏᜌ຃߄ᄈࡍ࡛༗Ω‫ލ׫ޠ‬Ȃࠔϛኴ‫ڽ‬ၽ‫ޠ‬ԋ௷Յ֚ಥȄ ؄Ўकᡲυ‫ܓ‬௒ኔፑખᙅఁᾎ⇚ȂӤਣηᡲԃউ᎐‫ښڨ‬ນȄΡЋЋჽक ෇пཀྵᚕৡঢ়‫׫‬ឋՃྼनࠖȂໍՅึ৥ѵႅȂԃᝏᏳ‫ؿ‬ҲȈυ΢‫ޠ‬ΚҢഷ२ ्‫ޠ‬Ѭԥན௒Ȃѻ૗ᡲ΢፾ᄃᅗ٘ϛӕ৽ិᒹᏻȂկఌ֊ೞན΢‫ܨ‬తȄ‫ڎ‬՞ ࠿ЋЋഎ᎐‫ڨ‬ᛄᆵȂഷಥԚѓߴԥঢ়৴ན௒‫࢑ޠ‬༉ಜԋϸ‫ޠ‬τЋЋȂՎུܼ υ‫ܓ‬ቱ໰౪‫ܓ‬ଢ൷۸ᆌȂϬпঢ়৴ན௒࣐ഷࡤ‫ٸ‬ᘫȂδԫࣲᡘ៪υ‫ܓ‬ཏᜌߴ ԉ‫ޠ‬Κ८Ȅ ቒϜυ‫ܓ‬ញᒻկґ૗௴಴ᾎ⇚Ȃԥ௢ຨ৅࡫ηԥณ‫ٸۋ‬௄Ȃυ‫ܓ‬лဏ޲п Ї৛‫ښ‬ȃЇय़ড়‫ޠ‬൑Κᢏᘉ‫ࣽٿ‬ȂՍดੀѵంᑺȄτഛ፤޲пЇࡍ࡛ࡧདྷ‫ڸ‬υ ‫ܓ‬лဏᢏᘉᔯຝȂϛռႇܼቋ฾ȂՅ؄ЎकҐ΢‫ܜۅ‬Սٙߩυ᠍лဏ޲Ȃࠔ஽ ።ቒϜߓ౫Їࡍ࡛ࡧདྷȂ 55 ҦԫѠُཏᜌ࠯ᄙϟ࿲‫ס‬ϛѠដ࿧Ȅ‫ٲ‬ᄃαԫቒѠ ‫کޗٽ‬ϟ೏ȂҔӶܼ஡Ճᙠᚡ؆ဋΤ᜻᙮‫ܓ‬Ȃࢌ‫״‬ցࠔϬ‫ཽަ࡛ࡍܼښڨ‬ᇅЯ ᠍ᢏ‫ޠ܉‬ϛᄖ‫ۼ‬ᄙ࡚Ȃ୳‫ڐ‬ԄԫȂη‫؂‬ຯߗ΢উ‫ޠ‬઎ᄃစᡜȄໍΚؐ‫ࣽٿ‬Ȃആ Ԛඎቒ‫ޠ‬лӱȂᇅ‫࡚ښ࡛ࡍ࢑ڐ‬ᇅЯ᠍ᢏ‫܉‬ȂঈϛԄᇴ࢑΢‫ܓޑ‬ੀ৶ᘉ‫ڽڸ‬ၽ ஝ۢȄпτഛлࢻཏᜌ࠯ᄙ‫ࣽٿ‬Ȃ೼ณᅹ࢑ঈଞ‫ޠ‬Ȃկ঒स૗ৡ೩Үࣾึ৥‫ޠ‬ ޫ໣Ȃ‫ܗ‬೩Ϙ࢑ໍؐ‫֒ޠ‬Ȋ. 55. ८ᄈಁ΢ᄈԫቒ‫ޠ‬ᐂӄᖑȂ؄Ўक៞ሼ஽੩Ȉȶԥ΢ᇴȂ‫ש‬਍Їࡍ࡛࿌ཆφȂȌȌΚঐ৶ υφ૗ࠎඹ‫ޠ‬ଢؒན௒ȂӶԄԫᝓஞ‫࡛ࡍޠ‬ၿ኉೤ጓίȂԃඹܼ೼ቅདྷȂඹܼ೼ቅ୉Ȃ ϛ࢑Їࡍ࡛࢑ϨቅȉȌȌԃңҢ‫ڽ‬ൕକ΢উ‫ޠ‬ញਃȄȌȌᜳၿߩᡲԃၮӔ౱ឪٗϘѪЇ ࡍ࡛༞ȉȌȌԃпഷඎቒ‫ޠ‬РԓȂ݈๽Π΢‫ޠܓ‬൶ᝓȂԃηѺ‫ي‬яΠུ‫ޠ‬Ң‫ڽ‬Ȅ೼Ң‫ڽ‬ Щԃ‫؂‬᝻ಂȂ೼࢑Κঐԥ‫ו‬గ‫ޠ‬ඎቒȄȷȞҥϊᑾȂȲᐙφ೼ኻकΠȳȂॳ 65ȟȄ.

(26) 92! ȮѯᢋНᏱᏱൣȯಒΝ෉. ʽȮഺΤːЛᰈӷゝ㋤⥆ຣ ‫׾‬ጢႬຝቒӶτഛЖึ‫ލޠ‬ឋȂ࿌࢑Ґณཏ௢ຨࡍ࡛ঢ়৴‫ޠ‬঩຀ձ޲ۗਠ ґІ‫ޠ‬ȄҪӒࠎࡿяϥѳп‫ٿ‬ϛЎ‫״‬ցࡍ࡛ঢ়৴щᅗ९‫ڽ‬ᐮ௒‫ޠ‬ձࠣȂԄϭࠔ Ўࢻ༉Ȃуᇰ࣐ȶศ֘‫ٯ‬ณ‫׿‬ᔟȺࡍ࡛ঢ়৴Ȼ‫ޠ‬ӍშȷȂ 56Յ࢑п֥ᇌϟ์౐‫ڔ‬ ඣቹஐυฯशȄτഛᏱ޲ᄈศ֘‫ુޠ‬н‫״‬ց‫ܓ‬Жп࣐ᏻȂᄈ‫׾‬ጢႬຝቒ‫्ؒޠ‬ ηпԫ࣐ྦȂଇ፤ቒձਣᖓདྷ‫࢑ژ‬Вߝ‫ޠ‬Ȯঢ়ȯ Ȃ57‫ٯ‬஡ѡ‫ؙ‬ԐЩձᏈٟ์ί‫ޠ‬ ‫ص‬΢ȃ஡τЋЋ‫ޠ‬ཎ࢐ՍೱЩձଝ߭ณ‫ޠޤ‬ಉ‫ݔ‬གȄ58ดՅ࣐ٙѯᢋᢏಁ‫שޠ‬Ȃ དྷ‫ߩٯޠژ‬೼‫ٳ‬ᐮ੩௢ຨ‫ޠ‬ձࠣȂՅ࢑ᏈٟȲ།ംȳϜȂυлِφ֘Ӷᅗπུ ࡧདྷ‫ޠ‬੘Ңདѣί౱ҢՍ‫ש‬ញᒻȂଢؒՍҦᠿནໍՅӤ۩Ȃࠔϛኴ౫ᄃᄪᑒϸ ᚕؐӪԬκ‫౉ޠ‬ఴඎቒȇ࢑஼ན࣢Ȳϥѳᒹ‫ٲ‬ȳ Ȃ٦‫ߤٳ‬ஸॴ໰‫ޠ‬ᙠԓН΢ፚུ ԓᠿནȂഷಥဤூή‫ۏ‬ѳ‫ޠێ‬૥ᙳ๗‫׌‬ȇпІᇅศ֘Ӥ෉‫ݔޠ‬੖ॲȲ៍࠿্ȳ ϜȂ࠿ЋЋӶτᏱҢ኉Ӓ‫ڧ‬ழስίᎨ᠟Ȯളᓽঢ়৴ȯ Ȃြᡑུ࣐υ‫ឺܓ‬КᗛӪґ ‫ٿ‬Ȃ٦บᡲ΢ᡚᅹϛۢ‫ޠ‬๗‫׏‬Ȅ ‫ש‬ᇰ࣐सศ֘᝸‫࢑ޠܜ‬ϥѳНᏱϜӖЗྤ࢚ஏङ‫ޠ‬Κ૖Ȃ‫׾‬ጢ‫ޠ‬Ⴌຝቒ߰ ࢑ᇅϥѳᐮໍΚ૖ໍ՘ᄈၘ‫ڸ‬ЇࡧȄႬຝቒᇅϥѳၘᇮ௦क़ᄈၘȈ৉ңΠऽ໱ ࢂఀ৶༗υφ‫ޠ‬ዂԓȃНᏱਫᝳఃᇍ‫ޠ‬ᜱᗥձңȃৎ‫ܝ‬яٗ‫ޠ‬ᚡ؆Ȃկ௄ᗛӪ ӏ݃ঈଞ࣐ӶജཱུϜ௴ЛȄτഛၜមަୣ‫ޠ‬ᐮ੩‫״‬ց‫ލڸ‬፤Ȃ‫ڐ‬ᄃഇ៪຀ϛԋ ‫ޠ‬ଊਁȂӶུзख‫ࢍޠ‬࿾෉໣ȂΚঐᙠަཽඎቒ഻ആାԞຝ౦ 59 Ȃ‫ܗ‬೩ϛ૗൑ п๽जᆡጞ‫ޠ‬є၇‫ڸ‬ஞ໲ኅ֚ࡈ༉Ȃ‫࢑ܗ‬ሃཧαඉѡॴዙ߰Ѡሇܿ၍មȄԄၞ ݃߭ȞFredric Jamesonȟ‫ࡿܛ‬ȂτಁНϾसѬԥཏᜌ࠯ᄙ‫ޠ‬Κ८Ȃᄈࢌԇަཽ ફ‫ז‬᐀ៗМࡼȂ٦ቅ҇ۢณ‫ݳ‬ЖକӔቂ‫౐ܗ‬Τ΢ЗȂԚѓ‫ޠ‬τಁНϾഎє֥Π ฑኍᇅ‫ו‬గȂ٦ቅȂ೼ឭϛಓӬҔጃཏᜌ࠯ᄙ‫ޠ‬ႬຝቒȂ‫ف‬ഥϼЖକ΢উЗϜ. 56 57. 58. 59. ҪӒࠎȂȲతஐ֦ȳȂԞܼศ֘ȂȮᐙφकΠȯȂॳ 3Ȅ ӉჽȃༀԢȃভபȂȲ‫ޠྟރ‬ན௒ჳདྷ ᆺฑȶᐙφकΠȷȈӶ‫ލ‬ឋϜकഇȳȂȮτखϰȯȂ www.epochtimes.com/b5/2/2/28/n173361.htmȄ ച‫ݡ‬Ȟ2002 Ԓȟ ȲᐙφकΠ‫ۼژ‬ӶࡈඵϨቅȳȂhttp://www.people.com.cn/GB/wenyu/64/130 /20020222/671798.htmlȄ ႬຝቒӶ 2002 Ԓࢍ࿾ϜѶѯክяȂі‫ٶ‬ӵୣ൑໲ഷାԞຝ౦࣐ 12.5%ȄȞӉჽȃༀԢȃ ভபȲ‫ޠྟރ‬ན௒ჳདྷ ᆺฑȶᐙφकΠȷȈӶ‫ލ‬ឋϜकഇȳȟȄ.

(27) ௄ঐ΢།౸‫ژ‬໲ᡞଅᏺ˕˕ȮᐙφकΠȯϊᇴ‫׾‬ቹᇅኈቒ‫׾‬ጢ‫ޠ‬ोဏᐤโ! 93. ‫ޠ‬Ϩቅ዗ӶЗ‫ٲ‬ȉ ӶτഛಁӼଇ፤НതϜȂԥΚ጖ґടဤӶཏᜌ࠯ᄙ‫ލ‬፤Յ௄Ϝ୾༉ಜНϾ ຀ಂ‫ޠ‬፤ձȂձ޲ᇰ࣐ԫቒ‫ء‬ԥᙐ൑আֆлِ‫ޠ‬ЇࠖІຏГ‫ޠ‬ാւ‫ٿ‬ᡞ౫Їࡍ ࡛лᚡȂՅȶථұΠϜ୾༉ಜНϾ‫༺ޠ‬બ‫ڸ‬ҖఋЗ౪੬ኊȂӤਣηථұΠ΢ᄈ Ң‫ڽ‬Ҙࡰ‫ޠ‬෿గ‫ڸ‬΢‫ޠܓ‬੬፵ȷȂᡞ౫Π഻ձ޲ᄈНϾ༉ಜᑀ੬‫ޠ‬ད‫ױܓ‬ඬ 60Ȃ ดՅႬຝቒ‫ف‬ഥԄե֖౫Ȃέ֖౫ΠϨቅኻ‫ޠ‬Ϝ୾༉ಜНϾȉ ϛЎ፤޲ᇰ࣐ಒϥхᏳᅌᖃ᏿ߞཀྵᅌϜ୾ಓጇ‫ٯ‬ᇨആ౵୾௒።Ȃє၇ೞᔇय़ ‫ٲࢉޠ‬ձ࣐፳ᘉȂηԥᢏಁᇰ࣐ȶη೩Ѭԥѵ୾΢ᄈ೼ᆎᚡ؆དᑺ፹ȷ Ȃ61կᡘด ϛ༊ܼԫȂҔԄυᏳᅌп‫ܓع‬՞ဋᏘຝυлِȂ๽΢ᢏಁҼ೾ႇழԥ‫ݎ‬РлဏՔ ீ‫ޠ‬ኈбᑜࣽȃЇᢏՍٙȂഇႇኈ჌Ϝ‫࠳ޠ‬໑‫ۊ‬ᢏᇅ२᙮‫ޠ‬ಭߺᙅ቉Ȃଢᛅ‫םٯ‬ ༮ᙠϜ୾Ȃථ໡‫ٯ‬഻ആҖఋ໲ᡞଅᏺϛ፤ᢏಁ‫௷ܗ‬ҍ‫ؗܗܣ׫‬ฉ‫ڐ‬ϜȄ Ԅၞ݃߭‫ܛ‬ᒞȶҖఋ൴ّȷ Ȟnational allegoryȟ62‫ޠ‬࿌хϜ୾ኈቒ‫ܛ‬ӶӼԥȂ йစНϾ༉ክ൭ᡞፓᇨᖆोȃ໲ᡞ഻ձȂ ȮᐙφकΠȯᇅ‫ڐ‬у᜹Ӥኈቒέԥեϛ ӤȉॷӒӶ‫ם‬ԓα࢑ႬຝቒȂᎨ᠚޲ಁηኈ៫ࣦ౐Ȃ௄ႬኈϊಁٗӪႬຝထಁȂ ՍดЖକᢚҭᇅ‫ܪ‬ᔟηӼȇӕ޲Ᏻᅌ࣐υ‫ܓ‬ȂӶ‫ܓع‬ቌঅ࣐лᏳ‫ཽަޠ‬Ȃпυ ‫ܓ‬ᢏᘉયӶϛӤ‫ึޠ‬ᖑ՞ဋȄѫ൸ཏຬଢ൷‫ࣽٿ‬ȂቒϜ‫ءٯ‬ԥࡿЖяΚ೏ӏ݃ ‫ܛޠ‬ӶȂࢌߩຬኊࡍ࡛ۡ‫ݳ‬༗Ω‫ޠ‬໑ίԊଲȂ‫ܗ‬౫х՚ϾщᅗၦҐлဏՔீ࠳ ၈ࢸ‫ܙ‬Ȃ‫ߩ؂‬౪དྷߨԒЗҭϜ༮ആକ‫ུޠ‬Ϝ୾ȂկѻࡿЖΠΚঐᆡઢ‫ٸ‬ᘫ ᐙ༫ȂԫΚᇅҢ‫ي‬ȃυ‫ܓ‬ȃ௒ནഀ๗‫ޠ‬ᘡᝡཏຬȂ‫ڸ‬ചസᅉȮ༂ρӵȯ ȃ஼᛻ᒘ Ȯकାဂȯ๊ႬኈϜ‫ޠ‬ՍดൠෂȂഎ࢑Ϝ୾঩ߒНϾ‫ޠ‬ᆡઢຬኊȂկࠊ޲࢑ജ ࢚ಡጞՅࡤ޲࢑থࠑֶᗰ‫ޠ‬Ȅ ӕᄈྲሴԥࣻߗ೏‫ޠ‬Ȯτकᐸ᠗ାା௯ȯ ȂႬኈᇅഀ៊ቒ‫ם‬ᄻՍ౵Ȃ஼᛻ᒘ ԫഌစ‫ޠڑ‬᛻೛‫ܓ‬Ϭᜳົ຺ȂկбϜ‫ޠ‬ංᕿ෥ቁȂ‫׺܄מ‬फ‫ژ‬؄Ўक೼ឭႬຝ. 60. 61. 62. ُܼե৬ȲၒϾ‫ޠ‬ඎቒ΢ҢȮᐙφकΠȯᢏࡤᓎདྷȳ ȂНϜ‫ࡿٯ‬഻ձ޲ȶ٦ᆎз‫ٲ‬ຏ ӿȃ΢ҢԄჳȂΚϹഎ჌ႇಂྮ໵‫ޠ‬ຏณད།௒ᛅȂңդಂࣽ΢Ң‫ޠ‬᛻೛Ͼߓ౫Ȅȷ ȞȮႬ ኈ᛻೛ȯȂ2002 Ԓ 3 ෉Ȃॳ 61-62ȟȄ ߢ࣢Ȳη೩Ѭԥѵ୾΢ᄈ೼ᆎᚡ؆དᑺ፹ȳ Ȃ΢ҖᆪȂ2002.2.28Ȃhttp://www.people.com.cn/ GB /wenyu/223/7600/7601/20020228/676530.htmlȄ ၞ݃߭຀Ȃചఽᐞ๊ណȂȮ⓭෉ၦҐлဏ‫ޠ‬НϾᡓᒯȯ Ȟі‫ٶ‬ȈήᖓȂ1997 ԒȟȂॳ 523Ȅ.

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