2014年歐洲盃十項全能能源屋競賽（Solar Decathlon Europe 2014）—交大蘭花屋（Orchid House）計畫 D#4 Project Manual 技術手冊

(1)

Deliverable #4

March 3rd, 2014

National Chiao Tung University

1001 TA HSUEH ROAD, HSINCHU, TAIWAN 30010

Phone: 886-3-5718083

www.sde.tw

facebook.com/twsde

@NCTU_UNICODE

(2)

2. SUMMARY

OF CHANGES

(3)

PROJECT MANUAL ITEMS

COVER SHEET

SUMMARY OF CHANGES

RULES AND BUILDING CODE COMPLIANCE CHECKLIST

CONTEST SUPPORT DOCUMENTS

Urban Design, Transportation and Affordability Report

Architecture Design Narrative

Engineering and Construction Design Narrative

Energy Efficiency Design Narrative

Innovation Report

Sustainability Report

Communications Plan

DINNER PARTY MENU

CONTEST WEEK TASKS’ PLANNING

COST ESTIMATE AND PROJECT FINANCIAL SUMMARY

SITE OPERATION REPORT

HEALTH & SAFETY PLAN

DETAILED WATER BUDGET

ELECTRIC AND PV DESIGN SYSTEMS INFORMATION

CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS

STRUCTURAL CALCULATIONS

STATUS

UPDATED

DATE

March 3, 2014

SUMMARY OF CHANGES

(4)

PROJECT DRAWING ITEMS

GENERAL (GE)

ARCHITECTURAL (AR)

BIOCLIMATIC ANALYSIS (BA)

INTERIOR (IN)

STRUCTURAL (ST)

FIRE PROTECTION (FP)

PLUMBING (PL)

SOLAR WATER HEATING (SW)

MECHANICAL (ME)

ELECTRICAL (EL)

PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM (PV)

TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND AUTMATIZATION SYSTEM (BAS)

SDE INSTRUMENTATION DRAWINGS (ID)

SITE OPERATION (SO)

HEALTH AND SAFETY (HS)

PUBLIC TOUR (PT)

STATUS

UPDATED

DATE

March 3, 2014

(5)

3. TABLE OF

4. RUELS AND

BUILDING CODE

COMPLIANCE

CHECKLIST

(12)

Table 9: SDE Rules checklist.

Rule Description Content Requirement(s) Drawing(s)/ Report(s)

3.2 Team Officers and Contact Information

Team officer’s contact information completely fulfilled in Table 1 (SDE WAT)

4.3 Lot Conditions and attribution Drawing(s) showing the storage and unloading areas and corresponding load’s calculations

4.3 Lot Conditions Calculations showing the structural design remains

compliant even if there is a level difference, and drawing(s) showing shimming methods and materials to be used in case

4.4 Footings Drawing(s) showing the locations and depths of all

ground penetrations on the competition site

4.4 Footings Drawing(s) showing the location, contact area and

soil-bearing pressure of every component resting directly on the ground

4.7 Construction Equipment Drawing(s) showing the assembly and disassembly

sequences and the movement of heavy machinery on the competition site and specifications for heavy machinery 5.1 Solar Envelope Dimensions Drawing(s) showing the location of all house and site

components relative to the solar envelope

6.1 Structural Design Approval Structural drawings and calculations signed and stamped by a qualified licensed professional

6.1 Electrical and Photovoltaic Design Approval

Electrical and Photovoltaic drawings and calculations signed and stamped by a qualified licensed professional 6.1 Codes Design Compliance List of the country of origin codes complied, properly

signed by the faculty advisor

6.2 Architectural Footprint Drawing(s) showing all information needed by the Rules

Officials to digitally measure the architectural footprint 6.2 Architectural Footprint Drawing(s) showing all the reconfigurable features that

may increase the footprint if operated during contest week

6.3 Measurable Area Drawing(s) showing the Measurable Area

6.4 Entrance and Exit Routes Drawing(s) showing the accessible public tour route, specifying the entrance and exit from the house to the main street of La Cité du Soleil®

7.3 PV Technology Limitations Specifications and contractor price quote for photovoltaic components

7.4 Batteries Drawing(s) showing the location(s) and quantity of

stand-alone, PV-powered devices and corresponding specifications

7.4 Batteries Drawing(s) showing the location(s) and quantity of

hard-wired battery banks components and corresponding specifications

7.6 Thermal Energy Storage Drawing(s) showing the location of thermal energy

storage components and corresponding specifications

7.7 Desiccant Systems Drawing(s) describing the operation of the desiccant

system and corresponding specifications

7.8 Humidification systems Specifications for humidification systems and

corresponding certifications of the different elements.

8.1 Containers locations Drawing(s) showing the location of all the water tanks

8.2 Water Delivery Drawing(s) showing the fill location(s), quantity of water

requested at each fill location, tank dimensions, diameter of opening(s) and clearance above the tank(s)

8.3 Water Removal Drawing(s) showing the quantity of water to be removed

from each fill location, tank dimensions, diameter of opening(s) and clearance above the tank(s).

PR: Page 47 PD: SO-201 PD: ST-001 PD: ST-001 PM: 14.0 PD: ST-201 PM: 9.2.5 PD: AR-011 PD: AR-014 PD: AR-041, AR-042 AR-043, AR-044 PD: AR-017 PD: PT-001, PT-002 AR-051 PM: 13.3.5 a PD: EL-401 PM: 13.3.5 c PD: ME-001 PM: 13.3.2 c PD: AR-051 PM: 13.3.5 c PM: 14.0 PM: 14.0 PM: 4.0 PD: 4.0 N/A N/A PD: PL-001 PD: PL-001 PD: PL-001

(13)

9.1 Placement Drawing(s) showing the location of all vegetation and, if applicable, the movement of vegetation designed as part of an integrated mobile system

9.2 Watering Restrictions Drawings showing the layout and operation of greywater

irrigation systems 10.2 SDE Sensors’ Location and wire

routing

Drawing(s) showing the location of bi-directional meters, metering box, sensors, cables and feed-through to pass the instrumentation wires from the interior to the exterior of the house

11.2 Use of the Solar Decathlon Europe

Logo artwork, and content of all communications materials, including signage

11.3 Teams’ sponsors & Supporting

Institutions Drawing(s) showing the dimensions, materials, artwork, and content of all communications materials, including signage

11.4 Team Uniforms Drawing(s) showing the artwork, content and design of

the team uniform

12.4 Public Tour Drawing(s) showing the public tour route, indicating the

dimensions of any difficult point, complying with the accessibility requirements

20.0 Contest 6: Drying Method Drawing(s) showing the clothes drying method and the place where the clothes will be dried.

20.0 Contest 6: House Functioning Appliances and corresponding technical specifications. 36.5 Photovoltaic systems design Specifications of PV generators, inverters, wiring, cables,

protections, earthing systems, interface with the electricity distribution network

36.5 Photovoltaic systems design Inverters’ certificates

36.5 Photovoltaic systems design Maintenance plan for PV generators, supporting structure, inverters, wiring, cables, protections, circuit breakers in case of fire and earthing system. Fire protection systems for PV DC wiring

36.5 Photovoltaic systems design The corresponding table “design summary” must be filled out

51.3 Fire Safety Specifications for Fire Reaction of Constructive elements,

extinguishers and fire resistance of the house’s structure.

51.3 Fire Safety Drawings showing compliance with the evacuation of

occupants’ requirements and fire extinguishers location

51.4 Safety against falls Specifications of compliance with the slipperiness degree

classes of floors included in House tour

51.4 Safety against falls Drawing(s) showing compliance with conditions

for uneven flooring, floors with different level, Restricted Areas stairs, Public Areas Staircases, Restricted Areas Ramps and Public Areas Ramps

51.4 Safety for avoiding trapping and

impact risk Drawing(s) showing compliance with conditions for avoiding trapping and impact risk 51.4 Safety against the risk of inadequate

lighting

Specifications for level of illumination of house tour areas light fittings

51.5 Accessibility for People with Disabilities and Special Needs

Interior and exterior plans showing the entire accessible tour route

51.6 Structural Safety Specifications for the use of dead loads, live loads, safety

factors and load combinations in the structural calculations

8.5 Grey water reuse Specifications for grey water reuse systems

8.6 Rainwater Collection Drawing(s) showing the layout and operation of rainwater

collection systems

8.8 Thermal Mass Drawing(s) showing the locations of water-based thermal

mass systems and corresponding specifications 8.9 Grey Water Heat Recovery Specifications for grey water heat recovery systems.

PM: 13.3.2 c PM: PL-xxx PM: 13.4 PM: 13.5 PD: EL-401 PD: AR-101 PD: AR-101, AR-361 PT-001, PT-002 PD: AR-307 PD: PT-001 PM: 14.0 PD: FP-001,FP-002 PD: PL-xxx PD: ID-001, ID-002 PM: 5.7.4 PM: 5.7.5 PM: 5.7.4 PD: PT-001 PM: 5.7.3 PD: AR-022 PD: IN-401 PM: 13.2.5 PD: PV-001,PV-002 PV-011,PV-021 PM: 13.3.5 PM: 13.3.5 b PM: 13.3.5 PM: 13.3.5 PM: 13.3.2 c PD: AR-051, AR-114 PM: 13.2.3 b PD: AR-002

(14)

51.7 Electrical and PV Systems Complete the “Electrical System Design PV Chart and Checklist” Rule 48.

51.7 Electrical and PV Systems Specifications of the wiring, channels, panels and protections of the electrical installation

51.7 Electrical and PV Systems One-line electrical diagram and drawings showing the grounding, execution and paths

PM: 12.0 PM: 12.0

PD: EL-501, EL-502 EL-503

(15)

(16)

5. CONTEST

SUPPORT

DOCUMENTS

(17)

Objective

Settled in Qing Dynasty in 1709, Taipei city started as a trade port and economic center (the Old Tai-pei) in Northern Taiwan and stretch outward till what it looks like today as a metropolitan. Area of the City proper is 271.7 sq. km., in which 47.8% is urban areas and 52.2% is non-urban areas. Taipei’s rich, drastic natural environment is full of wind, water, mountains, and forests.

Population of Taipei city is 2.68 million with average density of 9,890 populations per sq. km. In urban area, it is 18,000 populations per sq. km! Population would reach 7.01 million when counting the whole metropolitan area including New Taipei City and Keelung. Due to differences in geographic location, economic development of its districts, Taipei’s population is not evenly distributed. In 2010, the aging index of Taipei has reached 94.1%.

Four main themes of urban development, based on the 2010-11 Annual Report, Dept. of Urban De-velopment, Taipei City Government:

Achieving Sustainable Urban Development: eco-friendly development, low-carbon, energy-saving

policies, and encouraging green industry.

Building a Beautiful Waterfront City: increase water-accessibility by newly developed facilities and

parks along the riverbanks and water edges.

Urban Renewal to Attract Industry: designating renewal zones, shifting capacity, and reviewing

zon-ing ordinances to attract vendors and industries. As well as establishzon-ing Urban Regeneration Stations (URS), which turn idle spaces into vessels for people to create, to learn and to share with others.

Innovative and Efficient Execution: conduct urban development innovatively and efficiently, instead

of relying on policy arguing and facing complains from citizens.

5.1 Urban Design, Transportation

and Affordability Report

(18)

Current spatial development of Taipei city is supported by dual-core and multi-axis strategies .

Dual-core:

West core is mainly the Old Taipei city, including the Main Station, President Hall, and Ximending. East core is the newly developed district including Taipei City Government, shopping malls, and vari-ous business and entertainment centers.

Multi-axis:

Public Transit Network: Taipei Metro, E-Bus and U-Bike together constructed a convenient transpor-tation network where most of the city blocks are within 10-minutes walk or bike from bus stop or metro station.

Taipei Technology Corridor (TTC): a 768.5-hectare, 20-kilometer long corridor of hi-tech parks along the Keelung River next to the urban cores serves as a hub of numerous technology headquarters. Cultural Industry: in addition to museums and galleries, a network of creative parks and art villages has been established as an important part of the city’s cultural facility.

Waterfront Space: parks, sports and recreational facilities on the green belts along the riverbanks provide ample space for rich activities.

Metro (Orange) Metro (Red) Highway Metro (Blue) Metro (Orange)

TTC

Old Taipei

五指山

Xinyi District

(19)

Some successful cases in Taipei’s urban renovation that can be taken as references by Orchid House:

Case 1: Urban Regeneration Station (URS)

In 2000s, a number of public-owned vintage buildings were renovated and transformed into the Urban Regeneration Station (URS). On one hand, it creates a platform for new urban forum and public participation; on the other hand, it reuses and revitalizes the surrounding old communities by bringing in new activities such as workshop, exhibition, gathering, experimental events and social interactions. Activities were mostly initiated by young professionals. URS has brought new life into old streets and communities and became one of the most successful urban renewal projects by far

Case 2: World Design Capital 2016

In pursuit of the World Design Capital 2016, Taipei city had gone through a series of major transfor-mation in its policies and master plans. In addition, in 2012, Taipei City Government began to actively bring its different departments together through meetings with designers and experts. A series of survey, case studies and workshops for officials and designers have conducted to introduce design thinking to its operations. Design had become one of its categories in its public procurement proce-dures and related budgets have greatly enlarged. An international event arose fundamental change in

(20)

Crises and Opportunities

Vacancy and Equilibrium of Density

Economic change and differences in district development cause impact to population unevenly distrib-uted in the city and some part of the city would vacant, even abandoned. In last decade, Taipei City had established art villages and URS to reactivate certain vintage communities and streets, which had successfully brought back economic to the areas. But for some part of the city the problem remain. For example in Ximending, upper floors of many buildings are still abandoned while business and activities only happen on street level.

If URS, an urban acupuncture strategy, can bring new life and energy back to old community, a new way of intervention such as Orchid House (or part of it, to be embedded into existing buildings) can be a bold opportunity to the old district.

Rooftop as New Urban Space

For most of the Taiwanese building, especially in the city, rooftop is usually a forgotten space with minimal activities, if not none, which seem to be irrelevant to our daily life. Some rooftops become the backstage for “unappealing” facilities, such as AC/Ventilation outdoor units, water tanks, pipes and cables (Figure 5), while some become the expansion of our living space. Because of the demands of gaining more liv-ing space, most of the rooftops in Taipei were reno-vated by owner illegally for private or rental purpos-es. It’s an inevitable struggle between the average citizen, developers, and government, because most of the Asian cities were developed bottom-up by the people, while modern Western cities were mostly designed top-down by the authority.

If we treat rooftop as the new ground for urban space rather than a disease to remove, it could be a new hope to many urban issues.

(21)

5.1.1 Urban Design Strategies

The Orchid House team believes that a long term vision for a city must be built from what’s within. We carefully select five sites which can critically represent housing development history as well as urban conditions in Taipei.

From west side of Taipei to the east, our sites encompasses those historical houses built during Qing dynasty, which manifested the heyday of all the commercial activities due to the proximity to the main river for transporting goods to those modern housing buildings built during 60’s and 70’s at heart of modern Taipei Of those buildings, modern living referenced from western cities, was originally por-trayed through all clear defined building systems and ideal proportion of outdoor and indoor spaces. Most importantly, their scale in relation to urban context. As time progressed, original building struc-tures can no long suffice ever growing city density and changes of population and its associate demo-graphic structure. Fostered by not strictly reinforced covenant and building regulations then, illegal additions beginning to sprawl all over these buildings. As a result of this, both the residents and their living conditions faced critical challenges. Below we identified 5 critical common flaws of buildings located in these representative sites:

1)Dilapidated waterproof on the roof posed potential leaking problems.

2)Newly-added building equipment (i.e. water tank, solar panels, etc) not being integrated aestheti-cally and functionally to the existing buildings.

3)Illegal room additions to the roof are not built with public safety and durable tectonics.

4)The valuable outdoor spaces on the roof especially for a high-density city were long being de-prived.

(22)

In response to five critical issues above, our Orchid House proposal aims to solve all these urgent issues at once with not only what’s being carefully designed in the house but also the outdoor spaces shaped and enclosed by the new structure. We envisage a reclaimed civic space on the roof can offer a valu-able social and economic engine to a new Taipei. Collectively, we plan to apply our roof design to all the 5 sites in a phased fashion. By carefully understanding demographics and existing activities within them respectively, the outcome of the Orchid House will not merely a standalone addition to our sky-line. They will form into clusters, interdependent social and economic ecosystem not only within but across communities. Most critically, our proposal will become an integral part of the old communities. Finally, they will trigger transformation of old neighborhood to create a unique lifestyle for each one, whereby both newcomers and existing residents can emotionally identify with their own living environ-ment and ultimately a sustainable urban renewal outcome can be arrived.

(23)

Urban Development Phasing

The Orchid House’s vision toward Urban Design including the following three phases and each phase takes 3-5 years:

Phase 1: Inserting the Dots & Fill in the Vacancies. 1 to 2 Orchid Houses are built on selected spots in vintage communities, where young professionals are invited to stay, to live, to work, and to foster inno-vative activities and to catalyze revitalization. Orchid House provides housing and/or hub for the young professionals, and supplies alternative energy and resources for the communities. This is by following the URS model to perform the Urban Acupuncture.

Phase 2: Connecting the Dots & Bridging the Gaps. More Orchid Houses are built in the vintage com-munities and also on the connected lines between comcom-munities. More young professionals or entre-preneurs are invited (or by application) to live in. The network of Orchid Houses will contribute more alternative energy to local facilities and charging stations for green mobility.

Phase 3: Spreading the Dots & Multiplex the Effects.

Furthermore, building Orchid House means new development on the rooftop or partial adoption in the building. It could be a renovation of existing rooftop structure, or embedding functional parts of Orchid House into upper floors in a building. By this way, citizens will have more choices to adopt solutions providing by this project

(24)

5.1.2 Market Viability of the Project

Seeing the soaring real estate price in Taipei city have posed a critical challenge for recent college graduates and youngsters to optimally allocate their income to attain a quality living in the city, our city government has started building youth housing which is slated to open by 2016. The sizes of this dwell-ing units range from 24m2, 42 m2, and 72m2. In order for the unique housdwell-ing proposal responddwell-ing to the most urgent social matter not to be fluctuated in price with the real estate market and thus youth’s interest of living would be sacrificed, the newly built housing will only offer rental option. To make it more affordable, it runs at a discount of the market rate, ranging from 70% to 80%.

Our proposed roof addition through Orchid House, will not only coincide with the governmental policy in place, we also aim to optimize it by connecting to other resources both from the city and central government and leverage the unique conditions that the five representative sites can offer.

In 2013, our Ministry of Economic Affairs, initiated a Star-Up Taiwan plan. The goal is to assist young professionals build their businesses. Acknowledging that to realize a business concept, a business eco-system needs to be built in a given environment. Appropriate industry know-how and ideas across vari-ous disciplines should be exchanged and facilitated so that a start-up idea can attain necessary funding and be commercialized.

Our team seeks to provide a platform through Orchid House cluster plan that would extend and com-bine the above mentioned two governmental efforts. With that, first, young professionals having ideas to start a business will be able to work and live in our Orchid House clusters. Secondly, with below the market rate rent, their disposable income will be increased and thus able to allocate their savings to partially fund their entrepreneurship endeavors. Thus the sense of business ownership and commit-ment can be strengthened. Thirdly, the sense of community and family bond can be created via prop-erly designed communal spaces. Therefore, on the work front, all the Orchid House cluster residents will be able to co-work and support necessary knowledge. On the living front, the not-yet-married youngsters will be able to form a pseudo family relationship to look after each other which would also enhance a healthy living. Lastly, the initially heavy reliance on outside funding can be lessened through revenues generated through the newly developed businesses within the Orchid House clusters.

(25)

(26)

By combining the prerequisites of the two plans (Youth Housing and Start-Up Taiwan), we have out-lined the criteria of our potential target customers as following:

1)Age group: between 20-45 year old.

2)Education: Those who have completed entrepreneurship related certified courses for at least 30 hours provided by local universities, government sponsored or enterprise organized institutions. 3)Expertise: Primarily cultural or IT related fields.

4)Ownership: those intend to start a business must register as an owner of the new venture 1 year after moving in. If they fail to register, they will have to pay back the rent at the market rent and move out.

5)Income level: individual annual income below €30,000 or family income below €50,000. 6)The lease length: minimum 3 years, maximum 5 years.

Vision:

The overall vision for Orchid House plan at urban scale is to:

First, aiming to create new economic engine during the process of Taipei city renewal.

Second, we hope to further cultivate Taiwan’s major country’s development direction investment in Cultural and Creative industry with the support of the already matured IT industries.

(27)

5.1.3 Individual or collective housing building characteristics

The proposed Orchid House set forth in Architecture section will serve as a prototype. Based on the available lot sizes and specific building conditions, i.e. the shapes of the roof, the locations of the exist-ing elevator or stairway shafts, mechanical rooms, access to the street level, we will form Orchid House into clusters which are inspired by Taiwanese traditional courtyard style housing setup. With properly designated proportion (50% residential, 25% open green area, and 25% circulation space) of outdoor spaces relevant to indoor sizes, we believe that newly created common areas will vastly transform mostly isolated and independent city life. This arrangement also speaks to the need of co-working and co-living lifestyle to foster new businesses being materialized.

In the five selected sites, the buildings used to exemplify our Orchid House Cluster and the economic generating concepts are mix-use in type. Strong commercial activities at street level signify the themes that long help the neighborhoods develop their own characteristics. Bringing the new economies and existing commercial activities together would help the newly developed communities at the roof level arrive a self-sufficient status, which would encourage socializing between the old and new residents but also minimize the traveling costs which often seen as an issue in newly developed area in Taipei. We understand that building hardware such as physical construction for a city is much easier than en-suring the success of complementary commercial activities. By leveraging the economic energies of the existing sites would not only avoid erasing any given characteristics of the areas but also reduce the living expanses of these young professionals.

(28)

One key argument of Orchid House is to regain the ownership of the roof right for the civic use. Roof-top is typically the most valuable space in real estate sense in most metropolitan cities. On that level, one is able to appreciate the city views that cannot be attained at the street level or even any public parks in the city. In Orchid House’s long term vision, we ultimately want to build a city that a quality living is affordable to everyone. Compared to other major cities in green coverage and the size of civic park area, Taipei cannot be considered high (Taipei 8% comparing with Tokyo 28%, Singapore 11.1%, and New York City 21% ). By regaining and recreating the rooftop for civic use, we are able to increase the quality and quantity of outdoor living with specific characteristics. An ideal proportion and well-articulated outdoor spaces will be shared by the new comers, as well as the existing residents. We believe that this is a great incentive for the existing home owners to let out the roof space. Because compared to most newly developed residential communities in Taipei, 30% of the property ownership is allocated to public facilities. In our proposal, the existing home owners not only need not to pay for these high quality outdoor facilities on the roof superseding that of typical new communities, but also they are able to have a share of rental income from young professionals.

Of the buildings in our five sites, some have elevators, some only have stairways. The new population will not increase the traffic within the building by a lot. That said, we will have the existing shafts and stairways shared by the existing and new.

In order to install Orchid House and newly created outdoor spaces among them, the waterproofing and insulation will be taken into consideration while the new construction takes place.

(29)

5.1.4 Transportation and Mobility Characteristics

Since the inception of Ubike system in November 2012 in Taipei, the issued membership has been over 130,000. Including all12 administrative districts of Taipei City, there are 158 rental spots. By February 2014, there are 11.5 million passengers having used Ubike. Based on the population in Taipei, 2.6 mil-lion, on average, each resident have ridden Ubike over than 4 times.

This recently installed urban transportation has proven successful. Now all the major MRT (The Taipei Metro System)

stations in Taipei have Ubike spots installed. In all our five exemplified sites, the walking distance from the proposed housing to MRT stations ranges from 3-18 mins. We plan to install Ubike stations at the street level of all 5 sites, with that, the travel time from young professional’s residence to the critical network of city transportation system(MRT) will be under 5 mins, which will further enhance young professional’s mobility efficiency. In addition, we also proposed to have electric motorcycle (detailed in Architecture section) to work coinciding with Ubike stations. With these two vehicles offered at the same station, residents will have the flexibility to choose either one based on the travel distance.

In one of our sites, Ximending, the pedestrian walk ways were introduced to avoid the conflict of car traffic which used to impede shopping and city strolling experience. With integration of Orchid House clusters and public transportation system, we plan to preserve and enhance the city strolling experi-ence of these exemplified neighborhoods. Due to the long history of these sites, the originally planned street width does not have the capacity to hold high volume car traffic while maintaining an enjoyable walking experience. Our proposed mobility solution will guarantee efficient mobility while the inher-ent characteristics of the sites and their street life can be further enhanced without generating any additional carbon emission.

16% 26% 6% 15% 15% 19% MOTORCYCLE BUS MRT THE OTHERS CAR WALK BIKE PRIVACY VEHICLE NON MECHANICAL TAIPEI TRAFFIC PUBLIC TRANSPORT 3% 42% 21% 37%

(30)

5.1.5 Affordability

The concept of our business model will be built in a phased plan; a typical life cycle for one site is 10 years. Initially the project will heavily rely on outside funding to implement the Orchid House Cluster to a proper economies scale. With the size of the implementation, we want to ensure that the new economies built by the new comers, other rental incomes and sales of electricity will be able to offset the need of outside funding. The goal is to ensure that starting from the 2nd site (out of five), the proportion of funding sources from government will be reduced and even further from the 3rd site onward. Ultimately a self-sustained economic model can be attained. After the first 2 sites fully com-pleted, we will be able to provide a proven business model to advocate for the Orchid House concept to others. By then, the Orchid House will be adapted in greater Taipei city and even other major cities in Taiwan, including Kaohsiung and Taichung and so on. We will run a financial pro-forma project evalu-ation at a later stage.

Phase(Goals) Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Phase 4

30 % 20 % 5 % 10 % Funding Source ( %) Government 30 % 10 % 5 % 25 % Resident 40 % 30 % 20 % 5 % ESCO N/A 20 % 30 % 0 % Electricity Sales Total N/A N/A 20 % 40 % 100 % 100 % 100 % 100 %

Orchid House new economies

N/A 20 % 20 % 20 %

Rental income from Orchid House tenants

(2yr) No new residents yet (2yr) 1st exempliﬁed site complete, 1st cohort move in. In the 2nd yr complete business registra-tion (3yr) By the end of 3rd yr, most of new economies reach a mature stage and start to proﬁt. No new residents yet

(3yr)

Net profit from all sources of incomes from the 1st exemplified site will be sufficient to significantly reduce government funding. Ready to build Orchid House at the 2nd Site.

(31)

5.1.6 Appendix

5 sites description

Taipei city is located in a basin at north Taiwan. Tamsui River and Keelung River flow through and there are 12 districts (graph) in the city now. It is the most important city in Taiwan, not only in that the government of the Republic of China (ROC) is located there, but also in that it has a key position in transportation, as the master station of all long-distance buses, trains, and high-speed trains There is a domestic/international (to Asia city) Song-Shan Airport in the downtown. In order to keep the smooth of traffic in Taipei, there are many bridges and expressways that connect Taipei City and New Taipei City, where many people commute from every day.

Taipei was not developed officially until the end of the Qing Dynasty in the 1880’s. There were immi-grants from China, most of whom reside in Bangka and Da-Dao-Cheng, which are now in the Wan-Hua and Ta-Tong District of west Taipei. The development of Taipei started in this western area. The rule of the Qing Dynasty was followed by a Japanese occupation (1895-1945), then by the current ROC. The population was growing, so the city was expanded from the west towards the east, such as Da’an Dis-trict and Song-Shan DisDis-trict. The latest developed disDis-trict is Hsin-Yi DisDis-trict.

Different cultures and governances have affected Taipei’s infrastructure, life styles and building types. There are historical and modern areas in the city and old and new cultures sometimes co-exist in one area. Following the 5 sites of Taipei below, one can find that Taipei is a city with diversity.

(32)

Di-Hua Street

Di-hua Street is located in the Da-Dao-Cheng area of Da-Tong District, south-west Taipei. The street is close to Da-Dao-Cheng Wharf of Tamsui River. It is about 800 meters long and is parallel to the River. It is now a historical business area.

The street was constructed during 1850s (Qing Dynasty) by Quanzhou-originating immigrants from China. Throughout the 19th century, Di-hua Street has been an important centre for commerce in Tai-wanese products and produce such as Chinese medicinal herbs, fabrics, camphor, and TaiTai-wanese tea. In 1891, the first railroad of Taiwan was completed and passed through Da-Dao-Cheng area. The prod-ucts could easily transport to the mouth of Tamsui River and export to China, and vice versa. Though the railroad was demolished later, Di-Hua Street has been an important business street until now. The fabric market, Chinese herb stores, and Chinese New Year’s Market are very famous in nowadays. Di-Hua Street remains one of the most commercially active areas in Taipei.

The architecture has been under preservation and conservation efforts by the city. The typical building in Di-Hua Street is side by side shop houses. The houses are built along with the river. From Qing dy-nasty to Japan governed period, there are 3 different types of shop house: the traditional Fukien-style, Western-style, and Japanese Baroque-style.

The traditional Fukien-style houses are about 15-18 meters in depth and about 5.5 -6 meters in width. There are usually arcades in the front and courtyards in the middle of the houses. (Traditional shop house graph) The house could be divided to 3 sections. The front part is usually a shop, followed by storage and living spaces in the middle and back side. The shop houses are usually 1 story with wood windows and slope roof.

The first Western-style house was built in Di-Hua Street because Da-Dao-Cheng area was assigned to be the foreigner residence area in Qing Dynasty. It affected the elevation and decoration of the shop houses. The houses are usually 2 stories with parapet decoration in roof. The Japanese Baroque-style house was popular in Taishō and Shōwa period. The luxurious decorations were one of the character-istics of them.

(33)

Ximen-ding

Ximen-ding is an area in the Wan-hua District of Taipei. It is an important bus transfer station of west Taipei and there is metro Ximen station right here. It takes less than 10 minutes from Ximen-ding to Taipei railroad station by bus.

Ximen-ding was constructed and named by Japanese in the beginning of twenty century, which is the time when Taiwan was governed by Japan. Ximen Ding was outside the western-gate of old Taipei City Wall. Ximen means western-gate in Chinese. The word “Ding” is origin from Japanese and means a neighborhood. It is the first place where was constructed by urban planning in Taiwan at that time. By the urban planning of Japanese, Ximen-ding was constructed according to Asakusa area of Tokyo and was designed to be a business area.

Until 1980’s Ximen-ding has been the most popular area in Taipei and was known by the theaters and fashions. Due to the development of east Taipei later, Ximen-ding lost its place during 1985-2000. It is the metro and new urban planning which brings Ximen-ding back to the stage after year 2000. It is now famous of the Ximen-ding Pedestrian Area, teenager’s fashion and culture, shopping mall, and lots of movie theaters (Pictures of the commercial areas).

Due to the Japanese urban planning, Ximen-ding was divided into many small blocks. Each block has a courtyard in the center and was surrounded by shop houses. The shop houses are usually 3-4 stories and the upper floors are living spaces. However, many upper floors of the shop house are rent for busi-ness use nowadays. The small blocks also create many corner shop houses which are very common in Ximen-ding (Pictures of shop house in the corner). These corners are usually good spot for business. Ximen-ding has been developed for a long time, so there are many elders who live alone here and they are the main residents of Ximen-ding. Each day there is also many young population and tourists visit Ximen-ding. The old and young populations are co-exist in Ximen-ding and keep their own culture well.

(34)

Nan-Ji-Chang

Nan-Ji-Chang is a community in the Zhong-Zheng District of Taipei. It located at south-west Taipei and at a distance from city downtown.

Nan-Ji-Chang was originally military base for temporary air station during Japanese governed period. After World War II, the ROC military took charge of it and several military communities were developed there. In 1949, the ROC government retreated from China to Taiwan. It resulted in lots of people mi-grated to Taipei. There were not enough spaces for those people, most are military, and their residenc-es were temporary. The government was urged to solve the situation and Nan-Ji-Chang was chosen to be the site for resettled tenements.

The first stage was completed in 1963 and followed by the second and third ones. The typical resettled tenement is 4-5 story old apartments. The units inside are 26-40 square meter and are designed for 1-2 persons per unit. Due to the limited spaces inside, the spiral stairs are put outside and between 2 opposite apartment buildings’ backside. (Pictures of apartment and spiral staircases) The staircase was an important public space and unique characteristic of Nan-Ji-Chang. In addition, the small unit was not enough for a family when they have children. In order to get more spaces, the illegal rooftop additions are very common here. Though the tenements and spiral staircases are constructed in order, the additions and small pathway between the tenements are created in an organic way. It is like the Kowloon Walled City in Hong Kong.

In 1960’s, Nan-Ji-Chang community was getting to the largest one where there were more than 1200 families. It was overcrowded and most young population left here for living. Nowadays, the residents in Nan-Ji-Chang Community are mainly elders. They are the owner of the tenements, but many of the owners are dead or the ownership is unclear. In addition, there are small business activities owned by the inhabitants, such as barber shop, beauty shop, and food vendors. (Pictures of beauty shop or Nan-Ji-Chang night market) The unclear ownership and the business activities are the issues which obstruct Nan-Ji-Chang’s renewal.

(35)

Min-Sheng Community

Min-Sheng Community locates in Song-Shan District of Taipei, which is about in the center of Taipei. The major public transportation is bus and there are complete bus networks. The community is next to the Song-Shan Airport which is the only airport in Taipei and in the downtown.

The construction of Min-Sheng Community was supported by the loan of the “US aid fund” which was an agreement between ROC and United State government after World War II. It was created by collec-tive urban land consolidation and coordinated development, and was the first US-style community in Taiwan. The community was well designed according to US standard from road, public spaces, parks, to living spaces. It has been considered a high quality neighborhood and a perfect model of community in Taipei.

The typical building in Min-Sheng Community is five-story duplexes apartments with a vertical public staircase in the middle. The community is organized well due to collective urban land consolidation and coordinated development. The roads are arranged by cross shape. There is a traffic circle in the center and every road is divided road with spacious sidewalks. (Pictures of street) Twenty-five parks are distributed over the neighborhood, which means there is always a park nearby a duplexes apartment. (Pictures of apartments and parks)The area ratio of park to the community is 1 to 10. This is an impor-tant characteristic of Min-Sheng Community. The green belts bring the countryside scenery to the city. Min-Sheng Community is a residential area and the population here is mainly comfortable to wealthy families. The complete public spaces such as swimming pool, tennis field, parking lot, and parks, com-bine with spacious living spaces make most families settle down here.

(36)

Da’an District

Da’an District is at south Taipei. It is an area combined the cultural and educational area, residential area, entertainment area, shopping area and food service. In the north area, there are department stores and restaurants. In the south area, there are schools and universities. The traffic circulation in this district is designed as check board pattern. Ren’ai Road is a famous boulevard in Da’an District and it is the broadest way in Taipei. The order and arrangement of sidewalks, vehicles ways, roads, and

lanes are systemic planning. Citizens live, work, dine, study, and shopping here. Ren’ai road and Ren’ai road traffic circle (Pictures of the boulevard) nearby areas represent not only Da’an District but also Taipei life-style nowadays.

Da’an District includes all kind of building types and it represents contemporary Taipei. Four or five-story walk –in apartments are very common in this area. These apartments usually locate in the lane but not by the noisy roads. Unlike the shop house or row house which commercial activities are at first floor or nearby, the residential area is more isolated from commercial area in this district. There are also new high-rise buildings here and most are offices or commercial spaces. The historical buildings in Da’an District are mostly residences of celebrities or buildings of schools which results from its educa-tional and residential area characteristics.

The complete commercial and educational conditions attract comfortable to wealth family to move in. The population is the most in Taipei. The first metro line passes through this area and now it has the most concentrated metro network in Da’an District. There is a unique 26 hectares metropolitan park “Da’an forest park” (Pictures) in this area. It is considered the “lung of Taipei” and also an important space for art and culture activities. As Min-Sheng Community, there are parks all over the neighbor-hood and the green and sporty spaces of the campuses in the area are usually open to citizens. Da’an District earns its reputation of high living qualities neighborhood by the complete living function and facilities.

(37)

Current attempts in Taiwan for large-scale societal change stem from the government, but not all of its laws and regulations are popular with the people – government attempts at urban regeneration, in par-ticular, have a bad reputation and is associated with government requisitioning and demolition of homes. With this in mind, Team UNICODE plans revive the community bottom-up, from a grassroots level. Without relying solely on government channels, Team UNICODE will implement the Orchid House on building rooftops in the city to fix the cityscape and to catalyze change in the community.

The Orchid House is as much a physical dwelling structure as a mindset for living. Team UNICODE hopes to use the Orchid House to revive Taiwan by focusing on urban centers. Urban areas in Taiwan, particularly the capitol city, Taipei, have high population densities and a random assortment of archi-tecture – many buildings are old with rundown facilities. Furthermore, as in all urban cities but even more so because of the particularly high population density, commuter traffic causes extreme conges-tion, uses a lot of energy, and creates large amounts of pollution. Reviving the city would include not only renovating buildings and improving the residents’ quality of life, but also promoting creativity and sustainability.

General Concept

(38)

Connect the new and old

Team UNICODE drew inspiration from Taiwanese traditions and melded them with technological and design innovations to create the Orchid House. The Orchid House is designed in the studio style with an open floor plan that allows for various types of living styles. Our design is meant to be placed on a rooftop and integrated with the original building, and will update pre-existing building infrastructure in the installation process. The Orchid House will improve the quality of living for all occupants, whether it is through renovated infrastructure, the addition of an elevator, providing a communal space for all occupants to meet and socialize, or general improvement of urban conditions. A vertical green core in the rooftop structure brings the taste of nature to the urban setting and refreshes the city skyline.

Orchid House Urban strategy

One stand-out quality of the Orchid House is its versatility. The Orchid House has a flexible design that allows for three distinct configurations – a long I shape, a doubled C shape, and the prototype L shape. There is a variety of building-types in Taipei, even within the row-house and duplex categories, and the flexibility of the Orchid House design accounts for that. But the Orchid House is also versatile because it can help form the urban city grid, as an integral part of the transportation system. In the future, a net-work of Orchid Houses spread around the city will provide charging stations for electric motorcycles, cutting down on traffic pollution and promoting a more sustainable mindset.

Orchid House Prototype

For the SDE 2014 competition in France, team Unicode aims to bring 1 L-shape prototype to Versailles. It has one bedroom with a large common terrace and rooftop space, which is commonly placed on top of a corner block as it is typically square shaped. This prototype will display an improved life style that is suitable for Taiwanese culture and building structure.

(39)

Environmental Control

The Taiwanese have dealt with the problem of space mostly by expanding upwards instead of spread-ing out horizontally. This rapid development has damaged our livspread-ing environment. With its geographi-cal condition, Taipei basin traps heat and moisture easily and has serious flooding problems. Therefore, the goal of Orchid House project is to reduce storm water run off, retain rain water and reduce heat island effect. The angled roof serves as solar collector, it also harvest rain water for irrigation. The rain water is collected in the water tanks underneath the building, where it’s cool and won’t have direct sun exposure. To further utilize the rooftop area, Orchid house opens up 15% of site to be green plantation. It helps to reduce the burden on the city sewage system and the heat island effects.

5.2.1 Architectural and Urban Concepts

Urban Issue

As the capital of Taiwan, Taipei offers more job opportunity that draws young people to the city. How-ever, these people need to live outside of the Taipei city and commutes to work. The statistics shows that most of the home owners have purchased the property when the land value was low, and the real estate has increased so much that in the popular area, it cost about € 4,800 per square meter. The population statistics shows a generation gap, as the real estate increased uncontrollably, resulting most young professionals to reside outside of Taipei. This problem aggravated the carbon footprint while commuting to work.

(40)

Mobility in the City

There are around 8.8 million motorcycles and 4.8 million cars on Taiwan’s roads. The key to a mature urban ecosystem is to reduce pollution and land developments from automobile use. However, any new implementation in the urban scale is costly, therefore, our strategy of enhanc-ing the infrastructure system is to effectively combine the new EBike stations to the existing metro system, bus stations, and the UBike sta-tions. For those who need to travel within 5 kilo-meters distance, they can easy access to public transportation systems such as buses, UBike and EBike stations. People who need to travel more than 5 kilometers shall use the Metro Stations.

(41)

Since Taipei’s metro system is not yet mature, it is more likely that people will continue using motor-cycle to commute. Therefore, with the electricity generated by the Orchid House roofs, we propose the Ebike system. EBike is electric vehicles which adapts to the existing UBike system, with chargers for motorcycle, and users can simply check out the Ebike the same way they rent UBike. Orchid House offers a new solution to the transportation means rather than individual vehicles and will help on CO2 deductions.

Taipei U Bike System Location Of U Bike Rental Spots.

(42)

House Keeper System

Each Orchid House has an automated system, call the “House keeper”. This tablet is an information center that connects to the transportation system and sensor stations, so the tenants can easily receive the real-time data. (image of house keeper) Users can easily track the schedules of trains, subways and buses. They can also view the availability of UBike and EBike rental. The house keeper also manage the indoor comfort, including heating, cooling and lighting systems. The sensor stations gathers data concerning the city, such as air quality and light pollution, and these house keeps can turn into a “city keeper”, and link information nation-wide.

Orchid House is a lot more than just a house. It is a vision to a new lifestyle and a more sustainable future. House Keeper Personal Secretary Shopping System Public Security Health Management Health Management Environmental Control House & Lifestyle Situation of environment Air conditioning control system

Light control system Control integration City Keeper Market Analysis Public Security Health Tracking foo d Shop 119 110 Environmental Analysis for House temperature humidity AQI for City temperature humidity ultraviolet weather AQI temperature humidity ultraviolet weather AQI H os pit al

(43)

Easy guiding system to access information about the build-ing material and design con-cept

The alarm system will turn on and display on the screen when the temperature too high or too low

Map of conditions of all

open-ings and affected areas Easy access to the public trans-portation

Control lighting, create

differ-ent atmosphere in the house Display real-time temperature and humidity level.

(44)

2.3 Interactive Scenario

Integrate house’s equipments , sensors ,communications,consumer electronics products and computer .Computer can calculate the best solution for the house, automatically controlled air-conditioning, lighting ,energy and other equipment, even health care , energy saving and carbon reduction.

2. Interactive Scenario

Living room

General

Action Program: LED lights / Curtains open/ Audio equipment turns off

Watching movie

When DVD player turns on or channel stay in Movies , system will ask the user if change into movie mode or not.

Action Program: LED dimming / Curtains close / Sound volume up

Watch TV

When TV turns on and the channel doesn’t stay in movies .

Action Program: LED lights / Curtains open / Sounds volume moderate

Party

Infrared sensors sensing numbers of people are more than usual or sound sensors sensing laughing sound.

(45)

Bedroom

General

Action Program: Turn on the light / Curtains open

Sleeping

Infrared sensors sensing the height of human (posture : lying)；Pressure sensors sensing the weight on each sensor point of bed.

Action Program: Turn off the light / Curtains close

Waking up

Set a time to get up , clock rings.

Action Program: LED lights / Curtains open / Sounds volume moderate

Reading

Infrared sensors sensing numbers of people are more than usual or sound sensors sensing laughing sound.

Action Program: LED lights change color / Curtains close / Sound volume up

Restaurant and Kitchen

General Cooking Mode

(46)

Garden

Collecting plants information

Inferred harvest time , Reminds resident to watering the plants when the humidity of soil is too low .

Getting dressed

Open the closet , sensor is activated Action Program: Curtain close

(47)

This population growth results in the lack of liv-ing space and sufficient public amenity, and cause middle classes moving toward the periphery, even outside of city. The majority of these people are young professionals who just graduated from col-lage whom have worked a few years, and they are not able to afford a house yet. However, most of them works in the city center and commute, and caused major traffic congestions with millions of cars and motorcycle. Consequently, the city is left with a high carbon dioxide pollution, and the de-crease living quality.

Population Deusity In Taiwan

Traffic Condition In Taiwan

Network of commuting

When examining the statistics for different cities, the study was conducted by the Ministry of Trans-portation and Communications have found that a car commuter in Taipei City spends an average of NT$13,777 per month, and it can be reduced to NT$1,973 per month if taking public transport. Despite the potential savings, the study found that more than 60 percent of commuters in Taipei would not consider switching from motor vehicles to public transport systems, because many counties and cities have yet to develop a mature public transport network system.

(image of traffic jam)

Since the commuters will be more likely to keep their own vehicles, the Orchid House project aimes to integrate the city issue and helps to ease the congestions and air pollution.

(48)

Orchid House Urban Concept: a solution for generation gap

With this worrisome urban situation, Team Unicode want to address the issue of sustainablilty and af-fordable housing under the extreme urban context. Our proposal is to develop a concept that adapts to the existing environment, envision a new lifestyle, which can link to an ecosystem of itself.

Taipei has face some serious problems such as generation gap, as younger people can not afford the rent and turn to the periphery of city. This has created a social impact, and our goal is to draw the ener-gy back to the city. However, most middle classes living in Taipei have roommates, and the average liv-ing space is around 16.8 m² per person. In the Orchid house, the usable area per person has increased to 28 m², including some common space to share. It provides the young professionals a higher quality of living environment, which becomes a platform for them to live and work in the unit.

The Orchid House Program: a space for young professionals

The young professionals are selective people that went through team Unicode’s application to enjoy the benefit of living in the Orchid House. Thus, the Unicode team propose a 5-year program, so the young professionals have their chance to persue deams. The selected tenant will also join exposition to share their experience living in a green environment, and pass on the (concept) of sustainability to the next groups of tenants.

(49)

Architectural strategy

Taipei Context - Ximending

The development of Taipei city has begun right outside of the “west gate “ of Taipei city, thus resulted in the city’s unbalanced distribution of old buildings and new construction toward the est. After extensive research of the 5 sites, we have found that Ximending district to be the most potential site of Orchid House.

It is composed of 4-5 story buildings with a chessboard street pattern, planed dur-ing the Japanese colonialization as a busi-ness district. The historical significance and modern values has formed an inter-esting cultural blend, and became a per-fect place for young adults to gather, ex-change information, and share ideas.

2014年歐洲盃十項全能能源屋競賽（Solar Decathlon Europe 2014）—交大蘭花屋（Orchid House）計畫 D#4 Project Manual 技術手冊

Deliverable #4

March 3rd, 2014

National Chiao Tung University

1001 TA HSUEH ROAD, HSINCHU, TAIWAN 30010

Phone: 886-3-5718083

www.sde.tw

facebook.com/twsde

@NCTU_UNICODE

2.

SUMMARY

OF CHANGES

PROJECT MANUAL ITEMS

COVER SHEET

SUMMARY OF CHANGES

TABLE OF CONTENTS

RULES AND BUILDING CODE COMPLIANCE CHECKLIST

CONTEST SUPPORT DOCUMENTS

Urban Design, Transportation and Affordability Report

Architecture Design Narrative

Engineering and Construction Design Narrative

Energy Efficiency Design Narrative

Innovation Report

Sustainability Report

Communications Plan

DINNER PARTY MENU

CONTEST WEEK TASKS’ PLANNING

COST ESTIMATE AND PROJECT FINANCIAL SUMMARY

SITE OPERATION REPORT

HEALTH & SAFETY PLAN

DETAILED WATER BUDGET

ELECTRIC AND PV DESIGN SYSTEMS INFORMATION

CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS

STRUCTURAL CALCULATIONS

STATUS

UPDATED

UPDATED

UPDATED

UPDATED

UPDATED

UPDATED

UPDATED

UPDATED

UPDATED

UPDATED

UPDATED

UPDATED

UPDATED

UPDATED

UPDATED

UPDATED

UPDATED

UPDATED

UPDATED

UPDATED

UPDATED

DATE

March 3, 2014

March 3, 2014

March 3, 2014

March 3, 2014

March 3, 2014

March 3, 2014

March 3, 2014

March 3, 2014

March 3, 2014

March 3, 2014

March 3, 2014

March 3, 2014

March 3, 2014

March 3, 2014

March 3, 2014

March 3, 2014

March 3, 2014

March 3, 2014

March 3, 2014

March 3, 2014

March 3, 2014

SUMMARY OF CHANGES

PROJECT DRAWING ITEMS