臺灣高等教育投資回報率估算之研究 - 政大學術集成
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(2) 論文名稱：臺灣高等教育投資回報率估算之研究 校院系：政治大學教育行政與政策研究所 畢業時間：101年7月 研究生：江志強. 頁數：115 學位別：碩士 指導教授：吳政達博士. 論文摘要 本研究主要目的在探討臺灣高等教育投資回報率的估算，乃利用 2010 年行 政院主計處之人力運用調查資料庫的資料，並採用 Mincer 的薪資所得擴展模型 來分析臺灣的大學之教育類科報酬率，以最普通最小平方法進行實證分析。本文 得到的實證結果如下：. 政 治 大 1. 臺灣不同大學教育類科畢業的勞動者之薪資所得估算結果，與Mincer（1974） 立. ‧ 國. 學. 的薪資所得模型與Psacharopoulos（1987）採用的模型一樣。 2. 在教育回報率達顯著水準的教育類科中，男性及已婚勞動者的回報率均高於. ‧. 女性或未婚者，工作地點在都會區則沒有顯著性較高的回報率。. y. Nat. io. sit. 3. 在七個教育類科中，以商科、理科、工科及醫(藥)護科達顯著水準，其中以. n. al. er. 理科為11.5％為最高，再者為醫(藥)護科為5.4％，商科及工科則為最低。. Ch. engchi. 關鍵字：教育投資回報率、人力資本理論. 2 . i n U. v.
(3) Abstract The main purpose of this study is to examine the rate of return to investment in Taiwan higher education.The sample of this study is adopted from the Manpower Utilization Survey issued by the Directiorate-General of Budget,Accounting and Statistics（2010）. It used the Mincer equation to estimate the rate of different department return to investment in Taiwan higher education.It employs Ordinary Least Squares （OLS）for data analysis and the findings of current study can be summarized as follow: 1. Using Mincer’s and Psacharopoulos’s wage equation to estimate the different. 政 治 大. department of higher education was confired in Taiwan data. . 立. 2. In the returns to education on different department was significant,Male rate of return. ‧ 國. 學. was higher than that of female, and the married was also higher than unmarried. The estimating results for urban employees was no significant higher rate of return.. ‧. 3. In the returns to education on different department, business, engineering, science and medical was significant. The highest returns to education of department was science. y. Nat. sit. for 11.5%, and the higher was medical for 5.4%. The lowest returns to education was. n. al. er. io. business and engineering.. i n U. v. Keywords：The Rate of Return to Investment in Education, Human Capital Theory. Ch. engchi. 3 .
(4) 目次 第一章 緒論................................................................. 1 第一節 研究動機與目的 ..................................................... 1 第二節 待答問題 .......................................................... 12 第三節 名詞釋義 .......................................................... 12 第四節 研究範圍與限制 .................................................... 15 第二章 文獻探討............................................................ 17 第一節 人力資本論及教育投資效益 .......................................... 17 第二節 內部回報率及薪資所得模型 ......................................... 35. 政 治 大 第三章 研究方法............................................................ 60 立 第一節 研究架構 .......................................................... 60 第三節 國內外大學教育回報率的相關文獻研究 ................................ 47. ‧ 國. 學. 第二節 研究方法及樣本描述 ................................................ 61 第三節 實施步驟及模型設定 ................................................ 64. ‧. 第四節 資料處理與分析 .................................................... 68 第四章 研究結果與分析...................................................... 70. y. Nat. sit. 第一節 資料庫樣本分析 .................................................... 70. er. io. 第二節 樣本統計量及模型迴歸分析 .......................................... 74. al. v i n Ch 第五章 結論與建議.......................................................... 96 U i e h ngc 第一節 結論 .............................................................. 96 n. 第三節 人力資本變項及個人控制變項迴歸分析 ................................ 77. 第二節 建議 .............................................................. 97 參考文獻 .................................................................. 99 中文部分 ................................................................. 99 英文部分 ................................................................ 101. . I .
(5) 圖次 圖 1-1 臺灣歷年來大專院校成長趨勢 ....................................................................................4 圖 1-2 臺灣中等教育及高等教育粗在學率、淨在學率成長趨勢.....................................6 圖 1-3 臺灣國民平均所得成長趨勢 .........................................................................................6 圖 2-1 人力資本研究 .................................................................................................................18 圖 2-2 扁平型年齡-收入資料..................................................................................................30 圖 2-3 年齡-收入資料...............................................................................................................33 圖 2-4 薪資所得的決定因素 ....................................................................................................42 . 政 治 大 圖 3-2 研究實施步驟 .................................................................................................................65 立 圖 3-1 研究分析架構 .................................................................................................................60 . . ‧ 國. 學. 表次. ‧. 表 1-1 臺灣大專院校數統計表 .................................................................................................3 . y. Nat. 表 1-2 臺灣 65 至 96 學年度大學校院學生人數 ...................................................................4 . io. sit. 表 1-3 臺灣中等教育及高等教育粗在學率、淨在學率及國民平均所得 .......................5 . n. al. er. 表 2-1 教育回報率 .....................................................................................................................23 . i n U. v. 表 2-2 臺灣地區教育人力資本之實證研究 ..........................................................................49 . Ch. engchi. 表 2-3 國外大學教育回報率之實證研究 ..............................................................................56 表 4-1 變項定義及處理方式 ....................................................................................................71 表 4-2 樣本變項分析 .................................................................................................................73 表 4-3 研究樣本的敘述統計 ....................................................................................................75 表 4-4 研究模型的迴歸結果分析 ...........................................................................................76 表 4-5 不同教育類別的薪資所得迴歸分析 ..........................................................................78 表 4-6 男性在不同教育類科變項之迴歸分析 .....................................................................80 表 4-7 女性在不同教育類科變項之迴歸分析 .....................................................................82 表 4-8 已婚在不同教育類科之迴歸分析 ..............................................................................83 . II .
(6) 表 4-9 未婚在不同教育類科之迴歸分析 ..............................................................................85 表 4-10 北部地區在不同教育類科的迴歸分析 ...................................................................86 表 4-11 中部地區在不同教育類科的迴歸分析 ...................................................................88 表 4-12 南部地區在不同教育類科的迴歸分析 ...................................................................89 表 4-13 東部地區在不同教育類科的迴歸分析 ...................................................................90 表 4-14 不同性別之教育回報率研究結果 ............................................................................92 表 4-15 城鄉差異之教育回報率研究結果 ............................................................................94 表 4-16 不同開發程度國家的教育回報率 ............................................................................94 表 4-17 不同區域的教育回報率 .............................................................................................95 . 立. 人力資源訪問表 ......................................................................................................103 . 學. ‧ 國. 附錄一. 政 治 大 附錄. 附錄二 過錄編碼簿 ...............................................................................................................105 . ‧. . n. er. io. sit. y. Nat. al. Ch. engchi. III . i n U. v.
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