超高極性氙氣129鼠肺之磁振造影影像研究(2/3)

行政院國家科學委員會專題研究計畫 期中進度報告

超高極性氙氣 129 鼠肺之磁振造影影像研究(2/3)

期中進度報告(精簡版)

計 畫 類 別 ： 個別型 計 畫 編 號 ： NSC 95-2314-B-002-075- 執 行 期 間 ： 95 年 08 月 01 日至 96 年 07 月 31 日 執 行 單 位 ： 國立臺灣大學醫學院放射線科 計 畫 主 持 人 ： 張允中 共 同 主 持 人 ： 劉尚斌、陳志宏 報 告 附 件 ： 出席國際會議研究心得報告及發表論文 處 理 方 式 ： 期中報告不提供公開查詢

中 華 民 國 96 年 05 月 30 日

行政院國家科學委員會補助專題研究計畫

□ 成 果 報 告 ■期中進度報告

超高極性氙氣 129 鼠肺之磁振造影影像研究(2/3)

計畫類別：■ 個別型計畫 □ 整合型計畫

計畫編號：NSC 94－2320－B－002－045

執行期間： 95 年 8 月 1 日至 96 年 7 月 31 日

計畫主持人：張允中

共同主持人：陳志宏、劉尚斌

研究人員：黃信炅、謝昭賢

成果報告類型(依經費核定清單規定繳交)：■精簡報告 □完整報告

本成果報告包括以下應繳交之附件：

□赴國外出差或研習心得報告一份

□赴大陸地區出差或研習心得報告一份

■出席國際學術會議心得報告及發表之論文各一份

□國際合作研究計畫國外研究報告書一份

處理方式：除產學合作研究計畫、提升產業技術及人才培育研究計

畫、列管計畫及下列情形者外，得立即公開查詢

□涉及專利或其他智慧財產權，□一年■二年後可公開查詢

執行單位：台大醫學院 放射線科

中 華 民 國 96 年 5 月 28 日

中文摘要 本研計畫之目的在發展超高極化氙氣（Hyperpolarized Xenon-129）之鼠肺影像 平台。在第一年計畫中已獲得高品質之氙氣 129 產生，並建立一個具有磁場屏 障而能保持超高極化狀態之移動式運送氙氣裝置，對於產生之超高極化氙氣之弛 緩時間（relaxation time）已有實際測量之資訊及並已獲得仿體影像。今年本研 究團隊已將單一環裝線圈之敏感度最佳化，並製造一個鞍型線圈( saddle coil)與 一個具有氫及氙振動頻率之雙頻線圈(dual frequencies coil for proton and xenon)，可以獲得氫原子及氙氣之融合影像(fusion image)。同時我們並改善一 個螺旋冷凝彎管及玻璃腔室，能夠使超高極化氙氣進氣與MRI 之截取影像協調。 此部份之硬體改善可以有助於高度極化氙氣影像平台之運作。目前超高極化氙氣 在世界上僅有少數研究單位具有研發能力，本研究為本土研究團隊自行設計硬 體，製造並加以測試，所獲得之成果。 關鍵詞：磁振造影影像、肺臟、氙氣、超高極性。

Abstract:

The aim of this project is to develop imaging platform for hyperpolarized (HP) Xenon129 (129_{Xe) for rat lung. In the first year of this project, the production of}

high quality HP 129Xe was obtained and capable to deliver to MR lab with a

successfully implemented mobile transport system with magnetic shield. We also implemented a single loop MR coil tune to the frequency of Xe, and obtained data of HP 129_{Xe relaxation times as well as phantom images. In this}

second year, we have optimized the sensitivity of the single loop radiofrequency (RF) coils and implemented a saddle coil and double-tuned coil for both proton and Xe nuclei for the anatomic localization and correlation which may facilitate the fusion image of HP 129_{Xe and proton MR study. As for}

the production of HP 129Xe gas, we implemented a special design for HP129Xe

storage and delivery, which consists of a storage chamber made up of a spiral freeze trap and a glass chamber, which can be synchronized to the ventilation of animal as well as the acquisition sequences of the MRI scanner. The hardware improvement of this project will be beneficial to HP Xenon imaging platform. Currently, there are only limited research centers capable of producing HP 129Xe for ventilation MR lung imaging. Our research team

designed and implemented hardware and software to image HP 129_{Xe in this}

project.

前言：Introduction

MRI has exhibited its powerful capability of diagnosing soft tissue disease since 1970s [1]. The development of hyperpolarized (HP) noble gas isotopes

129_{Xe has drawn much attention for a variety of NMR applications in the past}

decade owing to its highly enhanced polarization by several orders of

magnitude. Recently, it has been further demonstrated that HP 129Xe gas, once

inhaled, is capable of providing intense MR signals and images in the pulmonary airspaces that are inaccessible by conventional methods using proton (1H) MRI [2]. HP noble gas isotope has no inherent radiation exposure

and capable to explore the physical function of ventilation [3-5]. Furthermore, unlike HP helium3, HP 129Xe may dissolve in tissue which is more interesting

to probe the related physiologic phenomenon.

HP 129Xe is commonly produced by an indirect polarization method mostly

involving spin exchange between optically pumped Rb vapor and Xe noble gas. During these processes, nitrogen and helium are typically added as buffer gases to achieve a higher polarization for HP 129Xe, which represents only a

small fraction of the original gas mixture [3]. As such, proper freezing and thawing schemes become inevitable for mass production and subsequent usage of HP 129Xe gas. Furthermore, its delivery to target medium of interest

without significant loss in spin polarization is also an important issue in MRI-related applications.

研究目的：Purpose:

The goals of this project are to establish related techniques and hardware for HP noble gas MRI as well as their applications for pulmonary function imaging of small animals and model studies. The project includes development of radiofrequency coils (bird-cage, solenoid, surface and saddle coils), optimization of radiofrequency pulses, storage and delivery of hyperpolarized (HP) noble gas, mechanical ventilation for noble gas MR imaging, and exploration of dynamic and diffusion capability of HP noble gas ventilation MRI, lung imaging of small animal and the pulmonary model studies. In the past year, we focused on the design and construct storage/delivery system for transportation of HP Xe gas to a remote MRI scanner with significant polarization loss (ISMRM May 8-12, 2006. A delivery system for hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI of small animal lungs. Shing-Jong Huang SJ, Hsieh

CH, Chen JH, Liu SB, Chang YC) [6]. This system highly benefits HP 129 Xe

gas signal intensity as well as spatial resolution of acquired MRI images. Furthermore the amount of HP 129Xe gas delivered at the outlet is

synchronized to the ventilation of animal and the acquisition sequences of the MRI Scanner. Using self-developed coil tuned to Xenon frequency to obtain spectrum and phantom image of naturally abundant Xenon. We also tested the tubing for delivering HP129Xe to the phantom in the 3T MR system.

研究方法：Methods:

During this year, we designed and implemented RF coils for HP Xenon study, including optimization for the image sensitivity, and also for better anatomic correlation, as saddle coil and double-tuned coil were developed. As we know, in the biomedical application, conventional 1H MRI is used for planning and localizing the region of interest (ROI), or for combination with fMRI or perfusion imaging. Thus, the use of these multinuclear imaging modalities could provide more function indexes, such as for lungs and for diagnostic studies for pulmonary diseases. In this project, we designed a prototype of the 1H-129Xe dual surface coil (Figure 5), which was capable to image CuSO4 solution (proton image) within a cylinder tube, and HP 129Xe gas within a spiral storage chamber sequentially (Figure 6-8). As for the production of HP 129Xe gas, we have demonstrated a special design for HP 129Xe storage and delivery, which consists of a storage chamber made up of a spiral freeze trap

and a glass chamber, which can be synchronized to the ventilation of animal as well as the acquisition sequences of the MRI scanner [7,8].

結果：Results: 1. Imaging of HP 129

Xe gas in delivery chamber with RF saddle coil Figs. 1 and 2 show MRI images of HP 129Xe gas in the spiral tube with matrix

size of 64*64 using a saddle RF coil. The setting parameters are described as below:

Figure 1

Fig. 1 The HP-129Xe solenoid tube

axial image using saddle RF coil: matrix size 64*64

Setting Parameters (Fig. 1):BF1: 34.6 M Hz ; Pulse sequence: FLASH (modified); TE: 3.2 ms; TR: 100 ms; Numbers of average: 1; Matrix size: 64*64; Slice thickness: 10 mm; FOV: 12.0/12.0 cm; Flip angle: 11.2 degree;

TX0: 13.4 dB; SNR: 258; Pulse length: 5 μs; Time of one slice: 6.4s.

HP-129Xe gas Parameter: 6% 129Xe; Flow rate: 140 scc/min; Time : 2 min; Volume: 16.8 c.c

Figure 2

Fig. 2 The HP-129Xe solenoid tube

coronal image using saddle RF coil: matrix size 64*64

Setting Parameters:BF1: 34.6 M Hz ; Pulse sequence: FLASH (modified); TE: 3.2 ms; TR: 100 ms; Numbers of average: 1; Matrix size: 64*64; Sl

thickness: 10 mm; FOV: 12.0/12.0 cm; Flip angle: 11.2 degree; TX0: 13.4 dB; SNR: 19; Pulse length: 5 μs; Time of one slice: 6.4s

ice

HP-129Xe gas Parameter: 6% 129Xe; Flow rate: 140 scc/min; Time : 2 min; Volume: 16.8 c.c

Photo of 129Xe RF saddle coil

2. 1

H-129Xe dual surface coil

A prototype of the 1H-129Xe dual surface coil was implemented and tested with 1_{H and} 129_{Xe phantoms filled with CuSO}

4 solution and HP 129Xe gas,

respectively. The inner diameter of CuSO4(aq) cylinder tube was 1.5 cm and the

outer diameter of HP 129Xe spiral storage chamber was 3 cm. The phantoms are placed superior and inferior of the coil with the axis of the cylinders placed horizontally. The photo is shown in Fig. 4. Figures 6 and 7 show the HP 129_Xe

image of the spiral storage chamber and 1H image of CuSO4(aq) cylinder tube,

respectively; both were acquired easier and just switched the RF cable connectors. Thus, it may be concluded that multinuclear spectroscopic

imaging for HP 129_{Xe and} 1_{H could be applied to small animal lungs and related}

Figure 4

(a)

(b) (c)

Fig.4 Photos of home-built 1_{H -}129_{Xe dual surface coil with HP} 129_{Xe and} 1_H

phantoms. (a) HP 129Xe spiral storage chamber; (b) 1H-129Xe dual surface

coil; (c) CuSO4 solution cylinder tube.

5cm 3cm

6cm

9cm

Fig.5 Schematic diagram of 1_{H -}129_{Xe dual surface coil:} 1_{H (in red) and} 129_{Xe (in}

blue) surface coil diameters are 5 cm, and 3 cm, respectively.

The schematic diagram of 1H-129Xe dual surface coil is shown in Fig. 5.

Figure 6.

Fig.6 HP 129Xe image: spiral storage chamber in axial view, experimental

parameters as below: 2D FLASH, 128X128, FOV 10.0/10.0 cm, Flip angle: 4o, TR = 100 ms, TE = 3.4 ms, SNR: 48, and numbers of average: 40

Figure 7

Fig.7 1H MRI images: CuSO4(aq) cylinder tube in axial view. Experimental

ms, and numbers of average: 1.

Figure 8

(a)

(b)

Fig.8 The merged picture: (a) HP 129Xe MRI image; (b) 1H MRI image

討論：Discussion:

The implement of 129Xe RF saddle coil provided an image of high signal to

noise ratio (SNR), compared with surface coil. As shown on Fg.1 and Fig.6, there was better signal intensity of saddle coil than surface coil, and the SNR of saddle coil is about 258 during one acquisition, then, the SNR of surface coil is about 48 during forty averaged acquisitions. However, the saddle coil

faster for saddle coil. It means that higher HP 129Xe gas density and the larger

amount of HP 129Xe gas will be utilized for saddle coil than surface coil.

1H-129Xe dual surface coil could be used complementarily for demonstrating the anatomic localization of high signal HP Xenon gas. By simple switch of the RF cable connectors, and sequential acquisition of images from two different nuclei was obtained. The coil dimension determines the depth of image. As a rule, the larger the dimension, the deeper the area is observed. However, there is limitation for coil dimension due to the available space of gradient coil chamber. In order to cover more image area, the dual coil should be modified from surface coil to saddle or volume coil in the future.

In summary, implementation of coil technology for xenon requires an interdisciplinary collaboration. Our results demonstrated the capability of self-made facility to image HP Xenon. The results of our research will benefit ventilation MR images with HP Xenon in live animals.

參考文獻: References:

1. Lauterbur PC. Nature 1973; 242: 190-191. 2. Albert MS, et al., Nature 1994; 370: 199–201.

3

imaging evaluation with hyperpolarized He gas. Radiology

1999;210:851-857.

4. Mugler JP, Driehuys B, Brookeman JR. et al. MR imaging and

spectroscopy using hyperpolarized 129Xe gas: preliminary human results.

MRM 1997;37:809-815.

5. Wagshul ME, Button TM, Li HF, et al. In vivo MR imaging and spectroscopy using hyperpolarized 129Xe. MRM 1996;36:183-191.

6. Huang S.J. et al., “A delivery system for hyperpolarized (HP) 129Xe MRI of small animal lungs”, Proc ISMRM Ann Meeting, Seattle, U.S.A, 2006. 7. Chao-Hsien Hsieh, Shing-Jong Huang, Jyh-Horng Chen, Shang-Bin Liu,

Yeun-Chung Chang. Hyperpolarized xenon-129 MRI platform: the design of gas delivery. Ann Meeting Biomedical Engineering, 2006.

8. Chao-Hsien Hsieh, Shing-Jong Huang, Jyh-Horng Chen, Shang-Bin Liu, Yeun-Chung Chang. Hyperpolarized Xenon-129 MRI Platform: the Design of Gas Delivery System. Annual Meeting of RSROC, 2007.

行政院所屬各機關出國報告

The 3rd International Workshop of

Pulmonary Functional Imaging

服務機關：台大醫院影像醫學部

職 稱：助理教授

姓 名：張允中

出國地區：德國，海德堡

出國期間：2006/10/05-2006/10/07

報告日期：2005/10/27

一、摘要

本報告主要為參加The 3rd

International Workshop of Pulmonary Functional

Imaging, DKFZ, Germany之紀錄。肺臟功能影像（pulmonary functional imaging）

為結合肺臟影像及功能分析；使用最多之影像工具包含CT、MRI、PET等，由於 影像檢查不僅提供良好之解晰度，更提供各種具生理意義之功能分析，此為未來 像檢查之趨勢。本次參加之會議，參加之人數約 230 人左右，但由於大會主題明 確，受邀之演講者均為世界知名學者，因此整體內容具有十分廣泛及深之之主 題。例如在肺臟疾病如呼吸道疾病、肺氣腫、肺動脈高壓症、急性呼吸窘迫症、 腫瘤之血管新生及急性肺栓塞等均包含在內，並有許多有關於超高極化鈍氣

（hyperpolarized noble gas）之氦氣-3 及氙氣-129 MRI研究，肺癌之MRI及CT血

管新生性之研究、及 3D、4D MDCT或MRI之相關研究報告。在世界上使用 Hyperpolarized Xe129 研究MRI氣體影像並不多，是屬於尖端科技，由於 Hyperpolarized Xe之生產儲存通常需要許多設備及人力配合。 本研討會有助於本團隊目前進行之Hyperpolarized Xe129 MRI之研究計劃，使 本團隊之研究者得以更瞭解世界各地研究成果，以及未來研究方向及可能成果。 此外更使我們瞭解各種不同影像工具如MDCT、MRI在臨床應用及基礎研究上所 可能扮演之角色，此對於國內之肺臟功能影像之研究將有所幫助。

二、目次 摘要………P2 目的………P3 心得與建議…………P5 三、正文（包含目的、過程（包含每天課程重點）、心得、建議及其它相關事項 （如會議主題、期間、地點、主辦單位、協辦單位、參加國家及展望等）

目的：參加 The 3rd International Workshop of Pulmonary Functional Imaging 以增

進對肺臟功能影像研究之知識與未來發展方向。

過程：本人在 10 月 3 日由台北出發經過香港轉機前往法蘭克福（Frankfurt）機

場，再轉巴士前往德國海德堡（Heidelberg）參加The 3rd International Workshop of

Pulmonary Functional Imaging。會議會場是位於海德堡世界知名之德國癌症研究

中心（German Cancer Research Center, DKFZ）。本次國際研討會期間由 10/5 ~

10/7，主要之目的為探討幾個使用不同image modality來研究肺功能影像之重要議

題，包含airway disease, emphysema, pulmonary hypertension, exercise testing and

biomechanic, protective ventilation, ARDS, experimental techniques, bronchoscopy,

ultrasound, tumor angiogenesis, acute pulmonary hypertension及最近研究之壁報展

示，主要使用來研究之工具包含多層切面電腦斷層（Multi-Detector Computed

Tomography，簡稱MDCT）、磁振造影（Magnetic Resonance Image，簡稱MRI）

等。與會人士主要為德國及其它歐洲之學者、一些美國學者、少數日韓學者及 1

位台灣參加者，共計約 230 人之小型國際會議，但包含了目前國際上研究肺功能

（一） 呼吸道疾病（airway disease）：使用 MDCT 進行 automated measurement of

airway wall thickness、airtrapping 等研究、使用 hyperpolarized helium-3

MRI of lung 來研究呼吸道疾病之功能性變化。

（二） 肺氣腫（pulmonary emphysema）：使用 hyperpolarized helium-3、

hyperpolarized xenon-129、oxygen-enhanced MRI 及 MDCT 來進行肺氣腫

或肺臟內定量氣體交換之研究。

（三） 肺高壓症（pulmonary hypertension）：包含肺高壓症之基因表現型態、治

療及追蹤、外科治療及影像診斷。使用 contrast-enhanced MRI 等方式來

評估 chronic thrombo-embolic pulmonary hypertension 等。

（四） 運動測試及生物機轉：主要研究使用快速 MRI，可以針對動態呼吸運動

及肺臟體積變化進行研究，此研究之方式在臨床上可以使放射線治療時

更集中。

（五） 急性呼吸窘迫症（ARDS）之相關研究：由生理及臨床研究出發，使用

一些模型及不同方法如 MRI、liquid-liquid system、intravital microscopy、

MDCT、electrical impedance tomography 等方式。其中 intravital microscopy

可以觀察到活體動物肺臟表面細胞活動血流運動等之實際狀況，令人印

象深刻。

（六） 動物實驗：如老鼠肺氣腫之影像、MRI、HP Xe-129、HP He-3 MRI 等之

研究。

（七） 氣管鏡及超音波：使用 Navigation system 有輔助功能。

（八） 腫瘤之血管新生（Tumor Angiogenesis）：使用 MDCT 及 MRI 在 3D 或

4D mode 下來研究 lung cancer 之 angiogenesis 或放射治療之 target

volume。

心得與建議：

歐洲、美國在肺功能影像之研究投入大量人力及研究經費，確實居肺臟功能

影像之世界領導地位。近年來亞洲國家如日本及韓國亦開始進行此方面研究，雖

然在規模及研究深度及廣度上尚不及歐洲國家或美國來得顯著，但在某些題目

上，確也能有令人注意之成果，例如日本 Kyto University 之 O2-enhanced MRI

之研究，及韓 Asan Medical Center 使用 MDCT 在全國多中心之研究氣喘及肺氣

腫病患，十分令人注目。 目前國內有關肺臟功能影像之研究十分零散，我們之研究團隊使用 XP Xenon-129 進行 MRI 影像之研究亦歷經許多困難。目前國內對肺功能影像尚未 十分重視，但此主題為活體功能性之研究，對於瞭解生理、病理之變化極有幫助。 在國內之學術單位若能整合研究資源及人力，可能才有機會有國際水準之表現。 附件： program schedule

Endorsed by ISMRM

Supported by DFG

Program at a Glance

Thursday, Oct. 5, 2006 Friday, Oct. 6, 2006 Saturday, Oct. 7, 2006

07:30 - 08:30 Continental Breakfast Continental Breakfast

08:30 - 10:00 Pulmonary Hypertension Bronchoscopy and

Ultrasound

10:00- 10:30 Break Break

10:30 - 12:30 Exercise Testing and

Biomechanics Tumor Angiogenesis 12:30 - 14:00 Lunch Reception Registration Toshiba Lunch Symposium Siemens Lunch Symposium 14:00 - 16:00 Welcome + Introduction Airway Disease Protective Ventilation and ARDS

Acute Pulmonary Embolism

16:00 - 16.30 Break Break Adjourn

16:30 - 18:30 Emphysema Parallel Sessions: Experimental Poster Sessions: Airway Disease + Emphysema

Vasculature and Oncology 18:30 - 20:30 Get together Party

19:30 Workshop Dinner

Scientific Program

Thursday, October 5

12:30 Lunch Reception and Registration

14:00 Welcome + Introduction: H.-U. Kauczor (D-Heidelberg), H. Hatabu (US-Boston) G.W. Kauffmann (D-Heidelberg)

14:30 Airway Disease

Moderators P. Schnyder (CH-Lausanne), C.P. Heussel (D-Heidelberg)

Keynote Lectures

14:30 H. Magnussen (D-Hamburg) Pulmonary function tests in COPD 14:45 P. Grenier (F-Paris) Imaging of airway disease

15:00 F.M. Müller (D-Heidelberg) Functional diagnostics in CF

Scientific Presentations

15:15 N. Woodhouse (UK-Sheffield)

Hyperpolarised Helium-3 Regional Volumetry Pre and Post Physiotherapy in Cystic Fibrosis: Preliminary Experiences

15:25 Y.S. Tzeng (US-Boston)

Quantification of Ventilation Heterogeneity Changes in Asthmatic and Non-Asthmatic Lungs Using Hyperpolarized 3He MRI

15:35 S.H. Park (ROK-Seoul)

Automatic measurement of airway dimension and index of air trapping at volumetric CT in asthma: Correlation with clinical parameters.

15:45 T. Achenbach (D-Mainz)

Influence of Image Matrix and an Integral Based Method on Bronchial-Wall Quantification.

15:55 N. Sverzellati (I-Parma)

How much do GOLD stages reflect CT abnormalities in COPD patients?

16:00 Break

16:30 Emphysema

Moderators H. Magnussen (D-Hamburg), P. Grenier (F-Paris)

Keynote Lectures

16:30 M. Mishima (J-Kyoto) Discrimination and phenotyping of COPD using CT 16:45 E. Hoffman (US-Iowa) Functional imaging of emphysema using CT 17:00 E. van Beek (US-Iowa) Imaging of emphysema using 3He MRI 17:15 Y. Ohno (J-Kobe) Oxygen-enhanced MRI

Scientific Presentations

17:30 F. Molinari (I-Rome)

Oxygen-enhanced MRI vs. Quantitative Multidetector-Row CT in Smoking-Related Pulmonary Emphysema.

17:40 K. Ruppert (US-Philadelphia)

Detecting Emphysema with Functional Lung Imaging Using Hyperpolarized Xe-129 17:50 S. Patz

(US-Boston)

Quantitative surface/volume and Gas Exchange Imaging in Humans with Hyperpolarized 129Xe

18:00 A. Evans (CDN-London)

Hyperpolarized Helium 3 Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Severe and Moderate COPD: Reproducibility of ADC and Ventilation Volumes

18:30-20:30 Get together Party

Friday, October 6

07:30 Continental Breakfast 08:30 Pulmonary Hypertension

Moderators C. Fink (D-Munich), D. Kiely (UK-Sheffield)

Keynote Lectures

08:30 E. Gruenig (D-Heidelberg) Genetics and clinical presentation of PH 08:45 D. Kiely (UK-Sheffield) Therapy and monitoring of PH

09:00 E. Mayer (D-Mainz) Surgical Treatment of PH 09:15 S. Ley (D-Heidelberg) Imaging in PH

Scientific Presentations

09:30 N. Woodhouse (UK-Sheffield)

Intra-Individual Comparison of 0.5 & 1.0M Contrast Agents in the Evaluation of Chronic Thrombo-Embolic Pulmonary Hypertension

09:40 P. Kunz (D-Mainz)

Mean pulmonary arterial pressure estimation by means of high temporal resolution phase-contrast MRI in patients with CTEPH

09:50 M. Nogami (J-Kobe)

Myocardial Glucose Uptake on Whole-body 18F-FDG PET/CT in Patients with Suspected Malignancy: Correlation with Right Ventricle Function and/or Pulmonary Vascular Resistance

10:00 Break

10:30 Exercise Testing and Biomechanics

Moderators H. Hatabu (US-Boston), M. Paiva (B-Brussels)

Keynote Lectures

10:30 P. Baertsch (D-Heidelberg) Lung function and PA pressure in hypoxia 10:45 J. Gee (US-Philadelphia) Image-based vector analysis of lung motion 11:00 D. Levin (US-Rochester) Imaging during and after exercise testing 11:15 M. Paiva (B-Brussels) Dedicated lung function tests

Scientific Presentations

11:30 M. Nishino (US-Boston)

Volumetric Expiratory High-Resolution CT of the Lung: Clinical applications 11:40 J. T. Marcus

(NL-Amsterdam)

MRI estimation of dynamic regional lung ventilation, derived from pulmonary density changes during respiration

11:50 M. Eichinger (D-Heidelberg)

Visualisation of Lung Function using Real-Time MRI 12:00 A. Swift

(UK-Sheffield)

Rapid lung volumetry with ultrafast dynamic MRI during forced vital capacity manoeuvre – correlation with Spirometry

12:10 N. Nurpeissov (D-Heidelberg)

Lung parenchyma motion analysis: Comparison of MRI techniques

Friday, October 6

12:30 Toshiba Lunch Symposium

Moderator K. Sugimura (J-Kobe)

12:30 H. Dogan (NL-Leiden) Systolic Right Ventricular Function in Acute Pulmonary Embolism using MDCT

12:55 J. Ley-Zaporozhan (D-Heidelberg)

Insights in pulmonary mechanics and ventilation using 4D CT 13:20 H. Hatabu (US-Boston) Lung Multicenter Trial for dose reduction in CT

14:00 Protective Ventilation and ARDS

Moderators G. Hedenstierna (S-Uppsala), H.-U. Kauczor (D-Heidelberg)

Keynote Lectures

14:00 G. Hedenstierna (S-Uppsala) Concepts for protective ventilation in ARDS

14:15 K. Markstaller (CH-Berne) Image-based support for protective ventilation in ARDS 14:30 W. Schröder (D-Aachen) Flow simulation for protective ventilation

Scientific Presentations

14:45 K. Adler (D-Freiberg)

Investigation of Dynamic Flow Patterns in a Realistic 3D Model of the Tracheobronchial-Tree

14:55 W. Kilian (D-Berlin)

MR velocimetry of hyperpolarized rare gases for non-invasive in vivo gas-flow measurements

15:05 K Schirrmann (D-Berlin)

A Liquid-Liquid-System as a Blood Model Fluid in a Capillary Network 15:15 U. Wolf

(D-Mainz)

19F-MRI of a wash-out of C4F8 during HFOV: initial results 15:25 A. Tabuchi

(D-Berlin)

Intravital microscopy of the pulmonary microcirculation in ventilated mice 15:35 M.G. Papi

(I-Rome)

MDCT quantitative and qualitative findings in ARF and ARDS patients at different PEEP ventilation pattern: cut-off value of PEEP

15:45 I. Frerichs (D-Kiel)

Quantification and reproducibility of PEEP-induced redistribution of regional lung ventilation determined by functional electrical impedance tomography

16:00 Break

Friday, October 6

16:30 Parallel Sessions 16:30 Experimental

Moderators Y. Cremillieux (F-Villeurbanne), H. Schulz (D-Munich)

Keynote Lecture

16:30 M. Takahashi (US-Boston) Emphysema imaging in mice

Scientific Presentations

16:45 I. Bolle (D-Munich)

Does lack of the Cftr gene result in a lung function phenotype? 16:55 M. Mall

(D-Heidelberg)

Airway surface liquid (ASL) dehydration produces a novel animal model for CF and COPD

17:05 F.X. Ble (CH-Basel)

MRI as a non-invasive tool to characterize a murine model of allergic pulmonary inflammation

17:15 D. Rudersdorf (D-Mainz)

Bimodal imaging of Elastase induced emphysema in rats 17:25 J. Mata

(US-Charlottesville)

Evaluation of Emphysema Severity and Progression in a Rabbit Model: A Comparison of Hyperpolarized He-3 and Xe-129 ADC with Morphometry 17:35 J. Perez-Sanchez

(ES-Madrid)

Pressure dependence, isotropy, and reproducibility of in-vivo 3He-MRI ADC measurements in the rat lung at 0.5T

17:45 M. Mertens (D-Berlin)

Respiratory changes in lung volume of the ventilated mouse are attributable to alveolar distension rather than recruitment

17:55 S.I. Mund (CH-Berne)

Local Capillary Duplications at the Basis of Newly Forming Septa Allow Late Alveolarization of Juvenile and Young Adults Lung

18:05 F.W. Hersman (US-Durham)

Large-scale polarization of 129Xenon

Friday, October 6

16:30 Poster Session 1: Airway Disease and Emphysema

Moderators J. Biederer (D-Kiel/Heidelberg), S. Murayama (J-Ryukyus) P01 J.B. Seo

(ROK-Seoul)

Quantitative assessment of emphysema and airway dimension at volumetric CT in chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD): correlation with pulmonary function test (PFT) and clinical parameters

P02 M. Nieber (NL-Leiden)

Airflow Limitation in COPD: Differentiation between the Effects of Parenchymal and Bronchial Disease by measuring Lung Density and Bronchial Dimensions in CT P03 M. Nishino

(US-Boston)

Volumetric Expiratory High-Resolution CT of the Lung: Basics and technical considerations

P04 N. Kim (ROK-Seoul)

Optimal binning and ROI size of the automatic classification system for

differentiation between obstructive lung diseases on the basis of texture features at HRCT

P05 S.H. Park (ROK-Seoul)

An automated classification system for differentiation between obstructive lung diseases on the basis of texture features at HRCT: Improvement of performance by adding shape features

P06 H. Koyama (J-Kobe)

Quantitative Analysis of Isotropic Thin-section Volumetric MSCT in Pulmonary Emphysema Patients: Correlation with Pulmonary Function Test and NETT Score for Determination of Feasible Threshold Value

P07 J.-M. Kuhnigk (D-Bremen)

Functional analysis of lungs, lobes and bronchopulmonary segmens based n CT data P08 N. Kim

(ROK-Seoul)

Automatic measurement of oblique-oriented airway dimension at volumetric CT: Effect of imaging parameters and obliquity of airway on physical phantom. P09 N. Kim

(ROK-Seoul)

Influence of CT imaging parameters on automatic measurement of airway wall thickness with FWHM method using a physical phantom.

P10 G. Edula (S-Lund)

Measuring airway changes and emphysema in COPD patients for patient stratification and disease progression - findings from cross-sectional study P11 J.B. Seo

(ROK-Seoul)

Quantitative perfusion MR in patients with COPD: Correlation of perfusion parameters with pulmonary function test and quantitative CT

P12 M. Doebrich (D-Mainz)

Deconvolution analysis in rapid hyperpolarized 3He MRI P13 J.M. Wild

(UK-Sheffield)

Changes in dynamic lung ventilation in asthmatics in response to broncho-dilator treatment demonstrated with radial projection 3He MRI

P14 E. Bannier (F-Villeurbanne)

Lung ventilation MRI using polarised He3 – sequence validations and preliminary results on a clinical scanner

P15 N. Woodhouse (UK-Sheffield)

Comparison of Hyperpolarised 3-He Administration Methods in Healthy and Diseased Subjects

P16 R. Failo (NL-Rotterdam)

Ultra-short TR/TE 2D Steady State Free Precession (SSFP) MRI: is this a feasible method to evaluate the lungs in CF patients?

P17 M. Oechsner (D-Wuerzburg)

Optimised FLASH sequences for examinations of the human lung at 0.2 T P18 F. Giesel

(D-Heidelberg)

Regional brain matter loss in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease P19 W. Möller

(D-Gauting)

Left to right asymmetry of lung deposition after shallow aerosol bolus inhalation is an effect of lung ventilation

Friday, October 6

16:30 Poster Session 2: Vasculature and Oncology

Moderators D. Levin (US-Rochester), L. Bonomo (I-Rome) P20 M. Nogami

(J-Kobe)

Phase Contrast MR Imaging: Utility for Assessment of Influence on Cardiac Function and Disease Severity of the Lungs in Pulmonary Emphysema P21 K.O. Choe

(ROK-Seoul)

Role of thin section CT in the patients with Eisenmenger syndrome determining operability

P22 K.O. Choe (ROK-Seoul)

PA/PV ratio related with cross-sectional area of systemic-pulmonary collateral vessels by CT in patients with congenital heart defects and decreased pulmonary blood flow

P23 M. Oechsner (D-Wuerzburg)

Quantitative contrast-enhanced perfusion measurements of the human lung P24 D. Takenaka

(J-Kobe)

Adiabatic Inversion Recovery HASTE Sequence: Determination of the Influence of Slice-selectivity to Oxygen-enhanced MRI-Preliminary Results

P25 H. Karmouty (CH-Basel)

Experimental pulmonary disease assessed by proton MRI P26 C. Otto

(US-Philadelphia)

Regional and Temporal Distribution of Chemokines in a Model of Acute Lung Injury

P27 R. Tetzlaff (D-Heidelberg)

Lung motion of animal lung explants in a MR-compatible chest phantom - Interpolation from landmarks in CT-scans at distinct inspiratory levels P28 C. Plathow

(D-Tuebingen)

Monitoring of lung motion in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma using 2D and 3D dynamic MRI: Comparison with Spirometry

P29 F. Giesel (D-Heidelberg)

Non-invasive analysis of malignant epithelioid mesothelioma using DCE-MRI: a feasibility study

P30 C. Hintze (D-Heidelberg)

MR based lung cancer perfusion measurement: Quantitative and qualitative assessment of time intensity curves of a hybrid breath hold and navigator triggered 3D MR sequence

P31 C. Plathow (D-Tuebingen)

Comparison of whole body MRI and whole body PET-CT for staging of advanced bronchial carcinoma - initial results

19:30 Workshop Dinner

Saturday, October 7

07:30 Continental Breakfast

08:30 Bronchoscopy and Ultrasound

Moderators L. Bonomo (I-Rome), F. Herth (D-Heidelberg)

Keynote Lectures

08:30 A. Ernst (US-Boston) Imaging requirements for the central airways 08:45 F. Herth (D-Heidelberg) Imaging requirements for the peripheral airways 09:00 C.P. Heussel (D-Heidelberg) CT and MRI to support endobronchial therapy

Scientific Presentations

09:15 I. Wegner (D-Heidelberg)

Development of a Navigation System for Bronchoscopy inside Human Lungs 09:25 W. Harms

(D-Heidelberg)

Prospective Clinical Trial on Safety and Feasibility of Electromagnetically Navigated Brachytherapy as a new Treatment Option for Peripheral Lung Cancer 09:35 R. Eberhardt

(D-Heidelberg)

EBUS-TBNA for Mediastinal Restaging 09:45 R. Eberhardt

(D-Heidelberg)

Electromagnetic Navigation – a new approach in diagnosing peripheral lung lesions: Evaluation of the learning curve

10:00 Break

10:30 Tumor Angiogenesis

Moderators Y. Ohno (J-Kobe), H. Augustin (D-Mannheim/Heidelberg)

Keynote Lectures

10:30 H. Augustin (D-Mannheim) Role of angiogenesis in lung cancer

10:45 N. Reinmuth (D-Heidelberg) Role of anti-angiogenic treatment in lung cancer 11:00 V. Goh (UK-Northwood) CT imaging of angiogenesis in lung cancer 11:15 H. Hatabu (US-Boston) MRI perfusion of nodules

Scientific Presentations

11:30 J. Arnold (D-Wuerzburg)

Target volume definition in patients with non-small cell lung cancer using magnetization transfer MRI

11:40 R. Ireland (UK-Sheffield)

Optimisation of lung cancer radiotherapy treatment with hyperpolarised He-3 MRI 11:50 G. Remmert

(D-Heidelberg)

Retrospectively gated MRI – 4D imaging of porcine lung phantom 12:00 C. Plathow

(D-Tuebingen)

Quantification of lung tumor volume and rotation during respiration using 3D dynamic parallel MRI with view sharing – preliminary results

12:10 H. Bolte (D-Kiel)

Computer aided volumetry of ex-vivo pulmonary nodules: does respiratory gated helical CT (4D-CT) affect reproducibility?

12:20 A. vanBaardwijk (NL-Maastricht)

PET-CT scan as a way to come to the “Dynamic Biological Target Volume” (D-BTV) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.

Saturday, October 7

12:30 Siemens Lunch Symposium

Moderator J. Biederer (D-Heidelberg)

12:30 T. Rupprecht (D-Erlangen) MR alveolar ventilation imaging (AVI) - a breakthrough for lung imaging and functional assessment? Results of a phantom study and a clinical trial in 85 patients

13:00 C. Fink (D-München Whole-body MRI with parallel imaging: potential for lung imaging 13:30 J. Biederer (D-Heidelberg) Respiratory gated helical CT: Evaluating regional lung motion and tumor

displacement for concepts of motion-adapted radiotherapy

14:00 Acute Pulmonary Embolism

Moderators M. Miniati (I-Florence), E. van Beek (US-Iowa)

Keynote Lectures

14:00 M. Miniati (I-Florence) Clinical evaluation of pulmonary embolism 14:15 M. Remy-Jardin (F-Lille) CT of pulmonary embolism

14:30 H. Roberts (CDN-Toronto) Computer-assisted diagnosis for CT of pulmonary embolism 14:45 C. Fink (D-Munich) MRI of pulmonary embolism

Scientific Presentations

14:55 C. Engelke (D-Munich)

Multislice CT of acute pulmonary embolism: prediction of short-term patient survival from morphological embolus burden

15:05 L. Ketai (US-Albuquerque)

The Impact of Non-occlusive Pulmonary Emboli on Local Pulmonary Blood Flow 15:15 C. Engelke

(D-Munich)

Multislice CT of acute pulmonary embolism: prognostic value of morphological cardiac parameters

15:25 C. Engelke (D-Munich)

Acute pulmonary embolism on multislice CT: one-year survival of treated and untreated patients

15:35 A. Kluge (D-Bad Nauheim)

MRI in clinical routine for acute pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis 15:45 E. Pracht

(D-Wuerzburg)

Single-Shot Perfusion Imaging of the Human Lung 15:55 C. Fink

(D-Munich)

Blood pool MR contrast agents: new perspectives for the assessment of pulmonary embolism?

16:15 Adjourn