調頻連續波雷達系統之設計與實現

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Design and Implementation of an

FMCW Radar System

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1

(Synthetic Aperture Radar; SAR)

2

(RAdio Detection And Ranging; RADAR)

( )

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2-1 L VHF X K 2 2-1 HF 3-30MHz 100m-10m VHF 30-300MHz 10m-1m UHF 300-1000MHz 100cm-30cm L Band 1-2GHz 30cm-15cm S Band 2-4GHz 15cm-7.5cm C Band 4-8GHz 7.5cm-3.75cm X band 8-12GHz 3.75cm-2.5cm Ku band 12-18GHz 2.5cm-1.67cm K band 18-27GHz 1.67cm-1.11cm Ka band 27-40GHz 1.11cm-0.75cm V band 40-75GHz 7.5mm-4mm W band 75-110GHz 4mm-2.7mm mm band 110-300GHz 2.7mm-1mm

 



2



2 exp j f t j Kt T t rect t s   _c         (2.2.1)

 











2



2 exp                  j f t j K t T t rect t sr c (2.2.2)

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(Dechirp)

 



j f j K j K t



T t rect t s_r  exp 2 _c   2  2         (2.2.3) (2.2.3) tt f f K

 

f



j f j K



z

 

f z  exp 2 _c   2 ₁  (2.2.4)

 







j ft



dt T t rect f j f z                exp 2  __ exp 2 1 (2.2.5) rect sinc

 

f



j f



sinc



Tf



z₁  exp  2    (2.2.6)  K f f  (2.2.6) (2.2.4)

 

f 



j f  jK





j f



sinc



T



f K





z  exp 2 _c  2 exp  2  (2.2.7) sinc f 2-2-1 K f c c R 2 2     (2.2.8) B c R 2   (2.2.9)

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2-2-1 1 6 15 30 45 60 75 90 Matlab 2-2-2(a) 1 150MHz 2-2-2(b) 10GHz 1s 150MHz 150GHz/s 1MHz 1ms (a)







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(b)

2-2-2 (a) (b)

3-1-1

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Generator) (Voltage Control Oscillator; VCO) (Local Oscillator; LO)

(Mixer)

(Power Amplifier; PA)

(Low Noise Amplifier; LNA)

(Mixer) (Analog to

Digital Converter; ADC)

3-1-2

(Clock) 12Bit (Counter)

(Digital to Analog Converter; DAC) (Operational Amplifier; OPA)

3-1-2 1 100 150MHz 100s 100s 10kHz 12THz/s 8GHz( X ) 6 11

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3.3V 5V 10V 12V 4-1-1-1 3.3V LM317 5V 10V 12V UA78XX 5V 4-1-1-1 Power Supply 3-1-2 12 40.96MHz 100s

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4-1-2-1 (a) (b) (c) 4-1-2-1(a) 17~170MHz LTC6905 4 RSET=10K N=4 42.5MHz 4-1-2-1 (b) 4-1-2-1 (c) 40MHz

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4-1-2-2 (a) (b) 12 74HC4040(NXP) 0~4095 12 LTC1450 AD820 4-1-2-2(a) 4-1-2-2 (b) 0~12V 97.4 s 100s 3-1-1 V350ME24-LF 5 -- 16MHz/V 0~12V 192MHz 4-1-3-1(a) -4-1-3-1 (b) 4-1-3-1 (c)

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4-1-3-1 (d) 195MHz

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4-1-3-1 (a) - (b) (c) (d) 3-1-1 HMC765LP6 7.8~8.8GHz 4-1-4-1 (a) 4-1-4-1(b) 8.2GHz

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4-1-4-1 (a) (b) (Mixer) HMC220MS8 LO 5~12GHz IF 4G 4-1-4-2 4-1-4-3 (-20dB) -36.32dBm

4-1-4-2

4-1-4-3

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3-1-1 HMC451LP3 5~18GHz 18dB 4-1-5-1(a) 4-1-5-1 (b) (-20dB) -22.14dBm

4-1-5-1 (a) (b) 3-1-1 HMC903LP3E 6~17GHz 18dB

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4-1-6-1 4-1-6-2 (a) 97.6kHz 4-1-6-2(b) 58.6kHz 4-1-6-1 4-1-6-2(a) (b)

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T 97.4 s B 195MHz Δf 97.6kHz 58.6kHz (2.2.8) 9.72m 5.836m 10m 6m 0.28m 0.164 1 m X 3-1-1

National Instruments CompactRIO

CompactRIO FPGA LabVIEW

CompactRIO

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[1] - Encyclopedia of Taiwan: http://taiwanpedia.culture.tw/web/content?ID=1399 [2] , “ LFM-CW , , 2010. [3] Radaetutorial.eu: http://www.radartutorial.eu/01.basics/rb18.en.html [4] LTC6905 Datasheet: http://www.linear.com/product/LTC6905 [5] V350ME24-LF Datasheet: http://www.zcomm.com/PDFs/datasheets/V350ME24-LF.pdf

[6] Frank H. Wong and Ian G. Cumming, “Digital processing of synthetic aperture radar data : algorithms and implementation , Artech House, 2005. [7] John C. Curlander, Robert N. Mcdonough ; .“ :

2007.

[8] , . “ = Radar system , ,2004.

[9] Byron Edde, “RADAR principle, technology, applications”, PTR Prentice Hall,Inc. 1993.