רσᏰՌݽϞଆȈоᏰՌҥϷݙ࣏ٽ!
ቓ!ܒ!Ϧ
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ᄔ! ा!
ㆹ⚳ㅚ㱽ᷕ䘬➢㛔㪲⇑夷䭬ᷕ炻᷎㰺㚱㖶㔯夷⭂⬠埻冒䓙炻ᶨ凔ㆹ⚳⬠䓴 悥⮯ㅚ㱽ᷕ䫔⋩ᶨ㡅ᷕ䘬嫃⬠冒䓙炻㒜⻝ㆸ䁢⬠埻冒䓙䘬ㅚ㱽ὅ㒂炻侴⛐⮎⊁ 䓴⣏㤪ḇ㊩㬌䚠⎴䘬ン⹎ˤ ᶨ凔⣏⭞娵⭂䘬⬠埻冒䓙炻Ὢ㊯⛐⬠埻䓴傥⣈冒䓙⛘忚埴⬠埻㳣≽䘬冒 䓙ˤ⛐ᶾ䓴ᶵ⎴䘬㔯⊾側㘗ᷕ炻⬠埻冒䓙⯙㗗⿅゛冒䓙䘬⎎ᶨ䧖堐䎦㧉⺷炻Ṏ ⌛⣏⬠㔁借⒉⍲䞼䨞侭ẍ℞⮰㤕⬠嬀届䌣攟炻⛐㔁⬠䞼䨞㗪炻ᶵ⍿⬠㟉 ℏ⢾⊊≃䘬䭅⇞ㆾ⸚枸炻啱ẍᾅ晄䞼䨞侭冯㔁⬠侭⎗ẍ㍊䳊⎬䧖柀➇䘬䞍嬀炻 ⍲䞼䨞ㆸ㝄䘬ᷕ䩳⿏⍲⎗ᾉ⿏ˤ 㛔㔯䞼䨞≽㨇⛐㕤⛐⚳ℏ⎬⣏⮰昊㟉⛐徥㯪㟉⚺㮹ᷣ冯㱽㱣䘬忶䦳ᷕ炻䨞 䪇⬠埻冒䓙㈖㺼ỽ䧖奺刚烎⬠埻冒䓙⍰㗗⣏⬠冒㱣ᷕ朆ⷠ慵天䘬ᶨ䑘炻⎒㚱忼 ㆸ⬠埻冒䓙炻⣏⬠㟉⚺ㇵ㚱冒㱣⎗妨烊㬌⢾炻䧖䧖㓠斄㟉⚺㮹ᷣ冯㱽㱣䘬嬘柴炻 冯⬠埻冒䓙⿸⾽㚱叿㝸䧖䦳⹎䘬倗专斄Ὢˤ 㛔㔯䞼䨞䚖䘬ᷣ天ὧ㗗㍊妶⬠埻冒䓙ᷳ䚠斄シ佑⍲㤪⾝炻忚侴婾徘⬠埻冒 䓙ᷳ➢㛔㪲⇑ᷣ橼炻ℵ侭⯙⬠埻冒䓙ᾅ晄ᷳἄ䓐㕡⺷炻ẍ⍲㍊妶⬠埻冒䓙 䁢 ➢㛔㪲⇑ᾅ嬟ᷳ㱽䙲炻 ᶨ↮㜸㍊妶炻㚨⼴ἄᶨ䳸婾炻ἄ侭ⶴ㛃忼ㆸ䘬䞼䨞䚖 䘬炻ὧ㗗啱䓙⬠埻冒䓙ᷳㅚ㱽⬠㍊妶炻ẍ㛇㈦↢⣏⬠冒㱣䘬䈡刚炻ẍ忼㟉⚺㮹 ᷣ冯㱽㱣㔁做ᷳ䳪㤝䚖䘬冯列⤥䑘⠫ˤ ᜰᗤԅȈᏰՌҥȇᖿᏰՌҥȇσᏰՌݽȇᏴݲ!ϛМϽσᏰϛόᇄϛσചंـܚօ౩ఀ௲ȄቓܒϦՂৱ࣏ଉհޱȂԪጕ፣Мন࣏ߙ ྶᓒᇄቓܒϦӵ 103 ԑ 5 Т 31 РᇃѕѿҳσᏰᜋఀىϛЖܚᖞᒲϞȶΡ᠌ݲݽᇄᜋ ఀىᏰंଆོȷ፣МีߒȂ၎МҥቓܒϦࡇȃእገЅওȂငᏰޱடড়Ϡཎَࡣ໌ ΙওȂάငୡӪቷࢥடড়ᄇҏМܚඪϞິཎَȂ໌ΠওȂӵԪཐᗂᇳ݂Ȅ
The discussion of University autonomy of
ROC: Take the Analysis of Academic Freedom
ġġ
Liu Shing-Ren
*ġ
Abstract
Fundentmental rights in our Constitution specification, it does not expressly provide academic freedom. Generally speaking, Lectures freedom became the basis of academic freedom.Practitions hold the same views. Academic freedom includes freedom of research and freedom of teaching. Therefore, Academic freedom is another manifestation of freedom of thinking pattern.
In this article, the motivation lies in understanding the pursuit of demotratic society and how to learn the rule of law school course, what is the academic freedom? We can know that academic freedom is a very important part of university autonomy. Various campus democracy and the rule of law are relevant to issues of academic freedom.
The main purpose of this article is to explore the relevance of its concept of academic. The author hopes that we can make good use of the protection of fundmental rights by carrying out academic freedom and university autonomy. We can learn and think more by studying constitution and democratic politics.
KeywordsȈAcademic Freedom, Lectures Freedom, University Autonomy, Constitution
*
Associate Professor Graduate Institute of Mainland China Studies and Dr. Sun Yat-sen’s thoughts, Chinese Culture University
⢡
⢡ˣ⇵妨
⣏⬠㟉⚺㮹ᷣ冯㱽㱣ᶨ䚜㗗⬠埻䓴⋩↮慵天䘬嬘柴炻侴⣏⬠冒㱣⥳䳪ἧ㬟 ᷭᶵ堘䘬䅙嬘ᷣ柴ᷳᶨ烊⬠埻冒䓙⍰㗗⣏⬠⛐㮹ᷣ⍲㱽㱣㔁做ᷕᶵ⎗ㆾ仢䘬ℏ 㵝炻ㅚ㱽⬠ᶲ䘬⬠埻冒䓙䘬ᾅ晄炻ὧㆸ䁢⣏⬠㱽⇞䘬㟠⽫ℏ⭡炻䃞侴ㆹ⚳ㅚ㱽 ᷕ䘬➢㛔㪲⇑夷䭬ᷕ炻᷎㰺㚱㖶㔯夷⭂⬠埻冒䓙ˤ借㗗ᷳ㓭炻ᶨ凔ㆹ⚳⬠䓴悥 ⮯ㅚ㱽ᷕ䫔⋩ᶨ㡅ᷕ䘬嫃⬠冒䓙炻㒜⻝ㆸ䁢⬠埻冒䓙䘬ㅚ㱽ὅ㒂炻侴⛐⮎⊁䓴 ⣏㤪ḇ㊩㬌䚠⎴䘬ン⹎炻䃉婾⽆⣏㱽⭀慳⫿䫔 380 嘇妋慳炻ㆾ㗗℟橼ᾳ㟰炻悥 娵䁢⬠埻冒䓙㗗嫃⬠冒䓙ᷕ䘬ᶨ悐↮ℏ⭡ˤ ᶨ凔⣏⭞娵⭂䘬⬠埻冒䓙炻Ὢ㊯⛐⬠埻䓴傥⣈冒䓙⛘忚埴⬠埻㳣≽䘬冒 䓙ˤ⛐ᶾ䓴ᶵ⎴䘬㔯⊾側㘗ᷕ炻⊭⏓ᶵ⎴䘬ℏ㵝ˤ侴⮵㕤⬠埻冒䓙㛔幓炻晾䃞 ⇘䎦ẋ䴻㚱㟡㛔䘬ℙ嬀⿏䚳㱽炻Ữ⛐ᶨṃᾳ⇍⓷柴ᶲ炻ṵ⬀⛐叿⎬䧖ᶵ⎴䘬 奨溆ˤ㚜℟橼Ἦ婒炻⬠埻冒䓙⯙㗗⿅゛冒䓙䘬⎎ᶨ䧖堐䎦㧉⺷炻Ṏ⌛⣏⬠㔁借 ⒉⍲䞼䨞侭ẍ℞⮰㤕⬠嬀届䌣攟炻⛐㔁⬠䞼䨞㗪炻ᶵ⍿⬠㟉ℏ⢾⊊≃䘬 䭅⇞ㆾ⸚枸炻啱ẍᾅ晄䞼䨞侭冯㔁⬠侭⎗ẍ㍊䳊⎬䧖柀➇䘬䞍嬀炻⍲䞼䨞ㆸ㝄 䘬ᷕ䩳⿏⍲⎗ᾉ⿏ˤ⮵㕤⣏⬠㔁ⷓἮ婒炻Ṏ㚱䘤堐ˣ妶婾⬠埻シ夳炻侴㕤塓 昌借ㆾ旵借⿸ㆤ䘬冒䓙ˤ ⬠埻冒䓙冯⣏⬠冒㱣㚱叿⭮ᶵ⎗↮䘬斄Ὢ炻㶭厗⣏⬠⼕㖶廅㔁㌰㚦䴻䁢㔯 ㍊妶˨⬠埻冒䓙䘬㛔シ冯㶒╒˩炻℞ᷕ㊯↢⬠埻冒䓙㗗㘖ᶾ℔娵䘬➢㛔Ṣ㪲炻 ḇ㘖⍿冢䀋⎬⚳㱽⼳䘬ᾅ晄ˤ炷 ⼕㖶廅炻2011炸⼕㔁㌰ᷣ天娵䁢⬠埻冒䓙䘬 ⇞⹎⊾㗗䁢Ḯᾅ晄⬠埻ⶍἄᶵ⍿⦩傭冯⸚㒦炻⬫天ᾅ嬟䘬㗗⬠埻ⶍἄ䘬ˬ冒䓙 炷freedom炸˭炻侴ᶵ㗗⬠埻ⶍἄ侭䘬ˬ㪲⇑炷right炸˭ˤ栗夳冒䓙㗗憅⮵⬠埻㛔幓 侴妨炻℞㱽⼳䘬䱦䤆⍲慵天⿏冒䃞ḇ⯙ᶵ妨⎗╣ˤ ㍊妶⣏⬠冒㱣⍇Ἦ㗗䁢Ḯᾅ晄⣏⬠䘬䞼䨞㔁做冒䓙ˤ˨單悐ᾉ╄炻2007炸 侴⣏⬠冒㱣冯⬠埻冒䓙ᷫ㗗⽆⽟⚳⃰䘤⯽↢䘬㤪⾝炻⛐⽟⚳⣏⬠冒㱣ᷕ↮ㆸ冒 㱣冯冒㱣埴㓧炻䚖䘬㗗ἧ⣏⬠冒㱣⛐⮎晃䘬㱽⼳䭬⚵炻ᶵ傥崭崲⚳⭞㱽⼳䦑⸷ 侴⬀⛐炻侴冒㱣㊯䘬㗗⮯⬠埻䚠斄䘬ḳ⊁⛐℞ᾅ晄ᶳ炻ḇ⯙㗗⬠埻冒䓙ᷫ⣏⬠ 冒㱣䘬䓴旸炻ᶨ䧖䃉㱽⼳ᾅ䔁䘬旸⇞炻Ữ⛐冒㱣埴㓧ᶲ⇯䃉⬴ℐ冒㱣⎗妨ˤ㓭 ⣏⬠ㅱ性ㆸ䁢⚳⭞埴㓧悐攨䘬⸚枸炻侴傥⛐冒㱣㪲⇑䭬⚵ℏṓ㚱䞼䨞⍲㔁⬠ 䫱⬴ℐ䌐䩳䘬冒䓙ˤ 姙做℠⍲㜿⥩䐯⛐˨⣏⬠冒㱣ᶳ⮵⬠䓇➢㛔㪲ᾅ晄ᷳ㍊䨞˩ᶨ㔯ᷕ⮯⣏⬠ 冒㱣㟡㒂℞ℏ㵝↮䁢夷䪈冒㱣ˣṢḳ冒㱣ˣ⬠埻冒㱣ˣ屉㓧冒㱣冯䭉䎮冒㱣ˤ ⛐夷䪈冒㱣䘬㚨䳪䚖䘬ᷫὪ䁢Ḯ䵕嬟⣏⬠䘬⬠埻冒䓙炻➢㕤㱽㱣⚳⍇⇯⽭枰德忶㘖念ẍ⍲冯㬌䚠斄䘬夷⭂炻嬻⣏⬠ℏ悐ㆸ⒉㶭㤂䘬䝕妋㪲⇑佑⊁斄Ὢ炻忁ḇ 㗗 ⣏ ⬠ 冒 㱣 ᷕ 㚨 㟠 ⽫ 䘬 天 㯪 炻 ⛐ 夷 䪈 冒 㱣 ᶳ ⣏ ⬠ 䘬 䭉 廬 㪲 ⛐ 㱽 ⼳ 䘬 借 ⊁ 䭬 ⚵ ℏ炻㚱㱽⼳㟮㝞ℏ䘬ḳ⊁䴻䓙㛔幓妪䘬㱽⼳Ἦ婧䭨炻ḇ⯙㗗⛐冒ᷣ䭬⚵ℏ 䓊䓇㚱㓰䘬夷䭬烊Ṣḳ冒㱣ᷫ䁢⣏⬠⛐Ṣḳả䓐ᶲ䘬⍫冯㪲炻忁⮵⬠埻冒䓙䘬 ᾅ晄䓊䓇䈡⇍䘬₡ῤ烊⬠埻冒㱣⯙㗗⣏⬠冒埴㰢⭂冯⬠埻㚱斄䘬ᶨ↯ḳ枭⊭㊔ 䞼䨞⍲㔁⬠䘬㕡⺷炻悥ὪⰔ㕤⬠埻冒㱣䘬ᾅ晄䭬⚵烊㑩㚱⬴㔜侴⃭塽䘬屉㓧㗗 ⣏⬠㯠临䘤⯽⍲徥㯪⬠埻ㆸ⯙䘬慵天ℏ⭡炻屉㓧冒㱣ᷫὪ㊯⣏⬠ℏ悐䴻屣忳䓐 䘬⓷柴炻ḇ⯙㗗⣏⬠⎗ẍ㰢⭂屉㓧冒㱣烊˨姙做℠冯㜿⥩䐯炻2013˩军㕤䭉䎮 冒㱣⛐㕤⣏⬠⎗ẍ䵕㊩ℏ悐䘬⬱ℐ炻㚱⽭天䵕嬟㟉⚺⬱ℐ䘬Ṣ⒉䡢ᾅ⣏⬠傥⣈ ⬱ℐ䃉嘆ˤ 㟡㒂ᷕ厗㮹⚳ㅚ㱽䫔⋩ᶨ㡅夷⭂烉ˬṢ㮹㚱妨婾ˣ嫃⬠ˣ叿ἄ⍲↢䇰䘬冒 䓙˭炻⚳ℏ姙⣂㔁㌰悥娵䁢妨婾ˣ嫃⬠ˣ叿ἄ⍲↢䇰炻忁ṃ冒䓙 䴙䧙䁢堐䎦冒 䓙ˤ˨㜿䲨㜙炻1993˩侴ᶨ凔⣏⭞娵⭂䘬⬠埻冒䓙炻Ὢ㊯⛐⬠埻䓴傥⣈冒䓙 ⛘忚埴⬠埻㳣≽䘬冒䓙ˤ⛐ᶾ䓴ᶵ⎴䘬㔯⊾側㘗ᷕ炻⊭⏓ᶵ⎴䘬ℏ㵝ˤ侴⮵㕤 ⬠埻冒䓙㛔幓炻晾䃞⇘䎦ẋ䴻㚱㟡㛔䘬ℙ嬀⿏䚳㱽炻Ữ⛐ᶨṃᾳ⇍⓷柴ᶲ炻 ṵ⬀⛐叿⎬䧖ᶵ⎴䘬奨溆ˤ㚜℟橼Ἦ婒炻⬠埻冒䓙⯙㗗⿅゛冒䓙䘬⎎ᶨ䧖堐䎦 㧉⺷炻Ṏ⌛⣏⬠㔁借⒉⍲䞼䨞侭ẍ℞⮰㤕⬠嬀届䌣攟炻⛐㔁⬠䞼䨞㗪炻 ᶵ⍿⬠㟉ℏ⢾⊊≃䘬䭅⇞ㆾ⸚枸炻啱ẍᾅ晄䞼䨞侭冯㔁⬠侭⎗ẍ㍊䳊⎬䧖柀➇ 䘬䞍嬀炻⍲䞼䨞ㆸ㝄䘬ᷕ䩳⿏⍲⎗ᾉ⿏ˤ⮵㕤⣏⬠㔁ⷓἮ婒炻Ṏ㚱䘤堐ˣ妶婾 ⬠埻シ夳炻侴㕤塓昌借ㆾ旵借⿸ㆤ䘬冒䓙ˤ 㓭⬠埻冒䓙军⮹⊭㊔嫃⬠冒䓙冯䞼䨞冒䓙˨昛㕘㮹炻1999˩炻嫃⬠冒䓙㗗 ⬠埻冒䓙䘬ᶨ䧖㧋⺷炻⬠埻冒䓙晾䃞⊭㊔嫃⬠冒䓙炻Ữ嫃⬠冒䓙᷎ᶵ⬴ℐ㵝味 ⬠埻冒䓙炻㟡㒂ㅚ㱽䫔⋩ᶨ㡅䘬嫃⬠冒䓙炻ᾅ晄䘬㗗⁛㌰䞍嬀炻᷎㰺㚱⊭㊔⬠ 埻䞼䨞冒䓙ˤ˨㛶⺢列炻1999˩ẍ嫃⬠冒䓙⽭枰惵⎰䞼䨞冒䓙炻ㇵ傥⼿⇘䛇 㬋䘬ᾅ晄炻䛇㬋句⮎⬠埻冒䓙ˤ ⬠ 埻 冒 䓙 ⼘ 栗 ↢ 㟉 ⚺ ⣂ ⃫ 㮹 ᷣ 䘬 倚 枛 炻 堐 䎦 ↢ 㟡 㒂 ⣏ ⬠ 冒 㱣 ᷕ 䘬 㱽 㱣 䱦 䤆炻䃉婾⯙㔁ⷓ㔁⬠ˣ䞼䨞ㆾ⬠䓇⬠佺ᶵ⍿⢾䓴⸚㒦䘬冒䓙炻ㆾ㗗 㔁ⷓ㔁⬠䞼 䨞ᶵ⍿⢾≃⸚㒦䘬冒䓙炻悥㗗ẍ⣏⬠冒㱣䁢㚨檀䘬㊯⮶ㄹ㒂烊侴⣏⬠冒㱣ᷕ⍰ ⽭ 枰 ẍ 忼 ㆸ 㮹 ᷣ ⍲ 㱽 㱣 䁢 ➢ 㛔 䘬 䚖 㧁 炻 ἧ 㟉 ⚺ 傥 ⣈ ㆸ 䁢 ᶨ ᾳ 冒 䓙 ⍲ 㮹 ᷣ 䘬 䑘 ⠫ˤ 㛔㔯䞼䨞≽㨇⛐㕤⛐⚳ℏ⎬⣏⮰昊㟉⛐徥㯪㟉⚺㮹ᷣ冯㱽㱣䘬忶䦳ᷕ炻䨞 䪇⬠埻冒䓙㈖㺼ỽ䧖奺刚烎⬠埻冒䓙⍰㗗⣏⬠冒㱣ᷕ朆ⷠ慵天䘬ᶨ䑘炻⎒㚱忼 ㆸ⬠埻冒䓙炻⣏⬠㟉⚺ㇵ㚱冒㱣⎗妨烊㬌⢾炻䧖䧖㓠斄㟉⚺㮹ᷣ冯㱽㱣䘬嬘柴炻
冯⬠埻冒䓙⿸⾽㚱叿㝸䧖䦳⹎䘬倗专斄Ὢˤ 㛔㔯䞼䨞䚖䘬ᷣ天ὧ㗗㍊妶⬠埻冒䓙ᷳ䚠斄シ佑⍲㤪⾝炻忚侴婾徘⬠埻冒 䓙ᷳ➢㛔㪲⇑ᷣ橼炻ℵ侭⯙⬠埻冒䓙ᾅ晄ᷳἄ䓐㕡⺷炻ẍ⍲㍊妶⬠埻冒䓙 䁢 ➢ 㛔 㪲 ⇑ ᾅ 嬟 ᷳ 㱽 䙲 忚 埴 ↮ 㜸 ㍊ 妶 炻 㚨 ⼴ ἄ ᶨ 䳸 婾 炻 ἄ 侭 ⶴ 㛃 忼 ㆸ 䘬 䞼 䨞 䚖 䘬炻ὧ㗗啱䓙⬠埻冒䓙ᷳㅚ㱽⬠㍊妶炻ẍ㛇㈦↢⣏⬠冒㱣䘬䈡刚炻ẍ忼㟉⚺㮹 ᷣ冯㱽㱣㔁做ᷳ䳪㤝䚖䘬冯列⤥䑘⠫ˤ 㛔㔯㍉⍾㔯䌣↮㜸㱽炻德忶㬌䞼䨞㱽ẍ忼ㆸ㛔㔯䘬䞼䨞䚖䘬炻㛔㔯⯙⬠ 埻冒䓙䘬䚠斄㤪⾝⍲㱽⇞夷䭬忚埴㍊妶炻℞Ṿ斄㕤㟉⚺㮹ᷣ冯㱽㱣忶䦳ᷕ䘬℞ Ṿ天䳈炻⊭㊔㟉⚺怠冱ˣ㱽㱣㔁做䘬婚䦳⬱㌺䫱炻⇯ᶵ⛐㛔㔯㍊妶ᷳ↿炻㬌䞼 䨞旸⇞⛐㬌ᶨἝ婒㖶ˤ 㛔㔯㝞㥳⛐㕤烉 ġ ġ ġ ġ ġ ġ ġ ġ ġ ġ ġ ⚾ ⚾ᶨ烉㛔㔯㝞㥳⚾炷ἄ侭冒墥炸 德忶ᶲ徘䚳↢⬠埻冒䓙ˣ⣏⬠冒㱣ˣ冯㟉⚺㮹ᷣ㱽㱣㔁做ᷳ攻Ḻ䁢⼙枧 忋≽斄Ὢ炻⣏⬠冒㱣德忶⬠埻冒䓙⍲㟉⚺㮹ᷣ㱽㱣㔁做Ἦ⼘栗炻℞⣏⬠冒㱣 䁢ᷣ天䘬⍇⇯炻℞㚫⮵⬠埻冒䓙⍲㟉⚺㮹ᷣ㱽㱣㔁做䓊䓇㊯⮶ἄ䓐烊侴⬠埻 冒䓙冯㟉⚺㮹ᷣ㱽㱣㔁做冒䃞ḇ㚫ⶎ⎛⣏⬠冒㱣䘬ㆸ㓰炻⬠埻冒䓙ˣ⣏⬠冒 㱣ˣ冯㟉⚺㮹ᷣ㱽㱣㔁做ᷳ攻忁ṃℏ⭡悥㗗ἄ䁢⣏⬠㔁做⽭枰徥㯪䘬䚖㧁 冯䎮゛炻ἧ傥忼ㆸ列┬䘬㔁做䑘⠫ˤ⽆⬠埻冒䓙冯⣏⬠冒㱣Ἦ䚳炻ℑ侭䘬斄Ὢ ᶵ㗗Ḻ䁢⼙枧炻⬠埻冒䓙㗗ᶨ䧖䚖䘬烊侴⣏⬠冒㱣⇯㗗埴㓧ἄ䓐炻㗗ᶨ䧖ㇳ 㭝烊⣏⬠冒㱣㗗ᶨ䧖埴㓧ἄ䓐炻婯ᶵᶲ⇞⹎⿏ᾅ晄烊侴⬠埻冒䓙⇯㗗⇞⹎⿏ᾅ 晄ˤ ⬠埻冒䓙ġ ⣏⬠冒㱣ġ 㟉⚺㮹ᷣ㱽㱣㔁做ġ
屛
屛ˣ⬠埻冒䓙ᷳシ佑㤪⾝
ᶾ䓴⎬⚳斄㕤⬠埻冒䓙䘬ℏ⭡炻䴻䫮侭㔜䎮⸦ᾳ⚳⭞炻⊭㊔⽟⚳ˣ㱽⚳ˣ 伶⚳⍲㖍㛔ˤ⽟⚳ᷣ天⊭㊔嫃⬠冒䓙ˣ䞼䨞冒䓙冯⬠佺冒䓙ˤ嫃⬠冒䓙Ὢ㊯↉ 㗗德忶䞼䨞㕡㱽䌚⍾䘬䞍嬀炻⮯℞⁛㌰䘬㳣≽炻⌛䁢嫃⬠冒䓙烊侴䞼䨞冒䓙 Ὢ㊯䞼䨞㳣≽䁢⬠埻慵天ᶨ䑘炻䃉婾㗗➢䢶⿏ㆾㅱ䓐⿏䞼䨞炻悥⍿➢㛔㱽䫔Ḽ 㡅䫔ᶱ枭ᾅ晄烊侴⬠佺冒䓙炻晾䃉㖶㔯夷⭂炻Ữὅ吋ᾅ❶㔁㌰䚳㱽炻⬠佺冒䓙 ⊭㊔ℍ⬠ˣ怠婚ˣᶲ婚⍲㕩倥ẍ⍲䧵㤝⍫冯妶婾冯堐忼シ夳䫱㕡朊䘬冒䓙烊㱽 ⚳ᷣ天⊭㊔冒䓙冰⬠⍲枺㌰⬠ỵˣ冒䓙怠㑯⬠㟉ẍ⍲㔁⬠ℏ⭡冒䓙˨吋ᾅ❶炻 1997˩ˤ 伶⚳䘬⬠埻冒䓙䘬奨⾝炻ᷣ天㗗㸸冒㕤⋩ℓᶾ䲨䘬⽟⚳炻⬠埻冒䓙奨⾝椾 㫉↢䎦㕤㬋⺷㔯ẞᷕ炻䁢ᶨℓᶨḅ⸜忼䈡劭㕗枻⬠昊㟰ἳˤ侴䚠斄㱽㡅夷䭬⤪ ⛐ㅚ㱽ᾖ㬋㟰䫔ᶨ㡅䘬妨婾冒䓙炻ᾅ晄㔁ⷓ⛐㔁⬠ˣ䞼䨞⍲↢䇰㗪⍿⸚㒦䘬 冒䓙ˤ⛐䫔⋩⚃㡅㬋䔞䦳⸷㡅㫦炻ᾅ晄䥩㟉⍲⚳⭞⮵婚䦳䘬⸚枸炻㍸ὃ㔁ⷓ⛐ 妋倀ˣ㆚ㆺˣ倥嫱ᷳ⎰䎮䦳⸷䘬㱽⼳ὅ㒂ˤ 㖍㛔⮵㕤⬠埻冒䓙䘬ᾅ晄䘬夷䭬⇯夳㕤ㅚ㱽䫔Ḵ⋩ᶱ㡅䘬夷⭂烉ˬ⬠埻冒 䓙ㅱᾅ晄ᷳˤ˭炻㓭㖍㛔䘬⬠埻冒䓙炻⊭㊔䞼䨞㳣≽䘬冒䓙ˣ䞼䨞䳸㝄䘤堐䘬 冒䓙ˣ䞼䨞䳸㝄䘬㔁⬠冒䓙ẍ⍲⬠佺䘬冒䓙ˤ䷥ᷳ德忶ᶲ徘⚃⚳斄㕤⬠埻冒䓙 ᷳ䚠斄夷䭬ℏ⭡炻ㆹᾹ㚜⎗㶭㤂䝕妋⬠埻冒䓙䘬ℏ㵝ˤ ⬠埻冒䓙㗗Ἦ冒㕤⽟⚳➢㛔㪲⇑炻⬠埻冒䓙ἄ䁢ᶨ䧖➢㛔㪲⇑炻㟡㒂⽟⚳ ➢㛔㱽䫔Ḽ㡅䫔ᶱ枭㍸⇘䘬⬠埻炻⊭㊔䞼䨞冯嫃⬠炻䞼䨞冯嫃⬠ㆸ䁢⬠侭䘬 冒䓙㪲侴⍿⇘ㅚ㱽䘬ᾅ嬟炻㸸冒㕤 1848 ⸜ᾅ伭㔁㚫ㅚ㱽炻⇘Ḯ 1919 ⸜⦩䐒ㅚ 㱽两㈧Ḯᾅ伭㔁㚫ㅚ㱽斄㕤ᾅ晄⬠埻冒䓙䘬夷⭂炻侴⽟⚳➢㛔㱽䫔Ḽ㡅ᷕ娵䁢 ⬠埻Ὢ㊯ˬ↉㗗♜嫡⛘▿娎⮵⬠埻䘬䛇䎮≈ẍ㍊䨞ㆾ嫃⬠侭炻⌛䁢⦩䐒ㅚ㱽䫔 142 㡅夷⭂䘬䞼䨞冯嫃⬠ˤ˭˨吋ᾅ❶炻1997˩ ⽟⚳倗恎ㅚ㱽㱽昊⮵㕤⬠埻䘬㤪⾝忚埴Ḯ㍊妶炻娵䁢⬠埻⯙㗗㊯ˬ↉⯙℞ ℏ⭡冯⼊⺷炻⎗ẍ塓娵䁢♜嫡ᶼ㚱妰∫⛘▿娎⮵䛇䎮≈ẍ㍊䨞侭˭˨吋ᾅ❶ 炻 1997˩炻侴ㆹ⚳㛶⺢列㔁㌰⇯娵䁢⬠埻㗗➢㕤⬠埻ᶲ䘬䞼䨞㕡㱽炻忚埴䘤䎦斉 慳冯⁛ⶫ䞍嬀䘬㳣≽忶䦳炻侴⮯⬠埻㳣≽䚳ἄ㗗ᶨ䧖娵䞍⍲㍊㯪䛇䎮䘬忶䦳ˤ ˨㛶⺢列炻1999˩㓭䃉婾⽆⽟⚳倗恎ㅚ㱽㱽昊䘬夳妋ㆾ㗗⚳ℏ⬠侭炻⣏㤪⮵㕤 ⬠埻㍉⍾⺋佑䘬妋慳炻⬠埻䘬⭂佑᷎朆䓙ㅚ㱽妋慳侭㍉⍾♜嫡䘬㕡⺷Ἦ⭂佑炻 ⏎⇯⬠埻冒䓙⮯暋ẍ冒䓙炻ḇ暋ẍᾅ晄⬠埻䞼䨞侭䘬冒䓙㪲⇑ˤ㜙厗⣏⬠䈇⬿䆎㔁㌰䓴⭂⬠埻冒䓙炻Ὢ㊯⣏⬠徥㯪⬠埻䘤⯽冯ㆸ⯙ᶵ⭡ㆾ 仢䘬➢㛔㡅ẞ炻㗗⬠埻䓴㘖念℔娵䘬ⲯ檀㊯㧁炻ḇ㗗㍐≽䣦㚫忚㬍冯䚩⿅䘬≽ ≃炻㓭⬠埻冒䓙䘬慵天⿏ᶵ妨⎗╣ˤ侴⬠埻冒䓙䁢㔁㌰䘬䞼䨞冯㔁⬠㍸ὃᶨᾳ ➢䢶炻ἧ㔁㌰傥⣈冒䓙䘬Ṍ㎃シ夳冯奨⾝炻䘤䎦᷎⁛㑕㕘䘬䞍嬀炻ᾅ晄㕘䘬奨 ⾝塓䘤䎦炻⤥䘬奨⾝塓䍵や炻ᶵ⤥䘬⮯塓㶀㰘炻䘤堐⮰㤕䞼䨞炻᷎ᶼ⎗ẍ ᶨ ᾳ㘖忂℔㮹炻忁悥㗗⣏⬠䞍嬀ấ⫸㳣≃䘬㱱㸸ˤ⚈㬌炻⣏⬠䘬ㆸ⒉炻⊭㊔⣏⬠ 埴㓧ᷣ䭉⍲㔁㌰Ᾱ悥ㅱ⮵⬠埻冒䓙䘬シ佑ˣℏ⭡ˣ㱽⼳⍲䎦ẋ嵐⊊㚱Ḯ妋ˤ ˨䈇⬿䆎炻2008˩ ⬠埻冒䓙㗗ᶨ䧖㚱㡅ẞ䘬㪲⇑炷qualified right炸炻⽭枰䫎⎰⮵⣏⬠䘬屔ả⍲ 㧁䪧ˤ㔁㌰ṓ⍿㪲⇑⍲䚉佑⊁ẍ⬠埻冒⼳䘬㕡⺷Ἦ忼⇘⬠埻冒䓙ˤ⬠埻冒䓙㗗 塓䓴⭂⛐⬠埻⍲䞍嬀䘬⁛䴙墉炻⬫⊭㊔佺ㄋ䘬⬠埻⁛䴙䘬䞼䨞炻⎴㗪ḇ⊭㊔⮵ ⎴ḳ⍲⎴⬠䘬ᶨ↯埴䁢夷䭬ˤ⬠埻冒䓙᷎朆㔁㌰㚱䃉旸冒䓙⛐婚➪ᷕ ảỽḳ ね炻ㆾẍảỽ㕡㱽⍣ 䞼䨞炻ㆾ㗗⛐℔䛦⟜⎰倚䧙ảỽᷣ⻝烊℞ᷣ天䘬斄挝⛐ 㕤⁛㌰䛇䎮炻徥㯪䛇䎮⍲䘤堐䛇䎮炷to teach the truth, to obtain the truth, and to publish the truth炸ˤ♜慵忽⍵ΐ䎮炻⤪ᶵ忻⽟䘬⿏埴䁢䫱炻⎗傥塓㚠朊㆚ㆺ᷎⬀ 㓦⛐ᾳṢ㯠ᷭ屯㕁㨼㟰ᷕ炻㷃啒炻ᶵ⋯䳂炻䓂军塓录徨ˤ伶⚳⣏⬠㔁㌰⋼㚫⮵ 埴䁢ᶵ㩊塓录徨᷎ᶵ㊩⍵⮵ン⹎炻Ữ⮵妨婾⚈䳈塓录徨⇯䚠䔞斄⽫ˤ埴䁢ᷳ⢾ ⮵㔁⬠ˣ䞼䨞㰺㚱忼⇘枸㛇㯜㸾ˣ⽫䎮ᶵ㬋ⷠㆾ⮵⬠埻ᶵ屈屔炻⛯ᶵ侫ㄖ䁢⬠ 埻冒䓙ˤ ㆹᾹ⛐㔁做ᶲⷠ婾⍲䘬ˬ⬠埻冒䓙˭炻㗗⛐⣏⬠ね⠫傰䴉ᶳ䘬㳣≽ˤ⺋佑 䘬⬠埻冒䓙⊭㊔㔁ⷓ㔁⬠ˣ䞼䨞ㆾ⬠䓇⬠佺ᶵ⍿⢾䓴⸚㒦䘬冒䓙烊侴䊡佑䘬⬠ 埻冒䓙Ὢ㊯㔁ⷓ㔁⬠䞼䨞ᶵ⍿⢾≃⸚㒦䘬冒䓙ˤ侴⬠埻冒䓙䘬₡ῤ⛐㕤傥⣈Ὣ 忚⬠埻䞼䨞䘬䘤⯽ẍ⍲⼘栗⣏⬠冒㱣䘬䱦䤆炻忁ℑ枭㬋㗗⣏⬠䘬䈡刚ˤ⚈㬌⬠ 埻冒䓙䘬シ佑⎗ẍ㤪㊔䁢⮵㈿朆⬠埻⊊≃⮵㕤⬠埻䘬⸚枸炻侴⣏⬠冒㱣ἄ䁢⬠ 埻冒䓙䘬⇞⹎⿏ᾅ晄⇯㗗⛐⮵㈿⚳⭞⮵⣏⬠䘬㍏⇞ˤ Ữ㗗ㆹᾹḇ⽭枰䔁シ炻⬠埻冒䓙᷎朆㗗㮓䃉旸⇞䘬炻䳽ᶵ傥`ῇ⬠埻冒䓙 Ἦ ⭛ㆾ婡媿ṾṢ炻ㆾ㗗啱㨇Ἦ䟜⢆㮹ᷣㅚ㓧䦑⸷ㆾ㗗䟜⢆Ṣΐ䦑⸷ˤ⬠埻冒 䓙ᶵ傥ᶵ栏㱽⼳㧁㸾炻⽭枰⛐夷䭬ᶳ忚埴ᷳˤ 斄㕤⬠埻冒䓙䘬ㅚ㱽䎮婾➢䢶ὅ㒂大㕡䚳㱽⣏农㚱⸦䧖奨溆炻⊭㊔徥㯪䛇 䎮婒⍲㮹ᷣ≇傥婒炻⬠侭⛐婾徘⬠埻冒䓙䘬ㅚ㱽䎮婾➢䢶㗪炻⼨⼨ἧ䓐ᶲ徘ℑ 䧖婒㱽炻ẍ⬴┬⬠埻冒䓙䘬ℏ㵝冯䎮婾ˤ 㬌⢾炻⮵㕤⬠埻冒䓙ᷕ⣏⬠冒㱣䘬旸⇞炻㟡㒂⣏㱽⭀㚫嬘慳⫿䫔 563 嘇妋 慳娵䁢ˬ⣏⬠⮵⬠䓇䁢徨⬠ᷳ嗽↮埴䁢炻斄Ὢ⬠䓇㪲䙲䓂⣏烊㚱斄䪈⇯ᷳ妪
⭂⍲➟埴冒ㅱ思⬰㬋䔞䦳⸷炻℞ℏ⭡᷎ㅱ⎰䎮⥍怑炻ᷫⰔ䔞䃞˭烊⎎㟡㒂⣏㱽 ⭀㚫嬘慳⫿䫔 626 嘇妋慳娵䁢ˬ⣏⬠⮵㕤ℍ⬠屯㟤㖊ṓ㚱冒㱣㪲炻冒⼿ẍ℞冒 㱣夷䪈炻㕤⎰䎮⍲⽭天䭬⚵ℏ炻妪⭂䚠斄ℍ⬠屯㟤㡅ẞ˭炻忁ℑᾳ妋慳悥䚳↢ 㬋䔞㱽⼳䦳⸷⍲㱽⼳ᾅ䔁ᷫ䁢⣏⬠冒㱣ᷕ⽭枰思⬰䘬➢㛔⍇⇯炻Ữ㗗ˬℏ⭡ ᷎ㅱ⎰䎮⥍怑˭⍲ˬ⎰䎮⍲⽭天䭬⚵ℏ˭⌣㗗ᶵ䡢⭂䘬㱽⼳㤪⾝炻暨天忚ᶨ㬍 㖶䡢ˤ ⚈㬌炻䁢Ḯ性⬠埻冒䓙⍿⇘⚳⭞ᶵ䔞⸚枸炻ᶵ埴㓧䚋䜋ㅱ⍿䚠䔞䘬旸 ⇞ 炻 䩳 㱽 㨇 斄 Ṏ ⼿ ⛐ ⎰ 䎮 䭬 ⚵ ℏ ⮵ ⣏ ⬠ ḳ ⊁ ≈ ẍ 夷 䭬 炻 ẍ 䡢 ᾅ ⣏ ⬠ 冒 㱣 䘬 ⮎ 䎦炻ṓ㚱冒妪夷䪈䘬㪲⇑炻Ữḇ姕⭂㬋䔞㱽⼳䦳⸷⍲㱽⼳ᾅ䔁ἄ䁢⽭枰思⬰䘬 ➢㛔夷䭬ˤ
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⍫ˣ⬠埻冒䓙ᾅ晄ᷳ➢㛔㪲⇑ᷣ橼
㟡㒂ㆹ⚳ㅚ㱽夷⭂炻䫔⋩ᶨ㡅㵝味ᷳ⬠埻冒䓙⛐ᷣ奨ᶲ⍲⭊奨ᶲ炻䓊䓇 Ḯ⎬䧖➢㛔㪲⇑ᾅ晄䘬㱽䙲炻ḇ䓊䓇Ḯᶵ⎴䘬➢㛔㪲⇑ᾅ晄䘬ᷣ橼炻⤪㝄⯙旚 䥎㪲䘬ᾅ嬟㱽䙲Ἦ婒炻忂婒娵䁢ㅱ娚⊭㊔䞼䨞冒䓙冯嫃⬠冒䓙˨㱽㱣㔴 冯吋ᾅ ❶炻1996˩ˤ军㕤⬠佺冒䓙㗗⏎ㅱ娚⊭㊔⛐⬠埻冒䓙ᷳ旚䥎㪲䘬ᾅ嬟㱽䙲烎⬠ 䓴⇯䓊䓇䇕嬘炻娵䁢ㅱ娚⊭㊔䘬媠⤪柷⍍⬱㔁㌰炻娵䁢ᶵㅱ娚炻˨柷⍍⬱炻1995˩ ⯂㚱䔹佑侭⤪哉忼㘢˨哉忼㘢炻1996˩炻䃉婾㗗⏎⊭㊔炻⣏㱽⭀㚫嬘䫔 380 嘇 妋慳悥䴻娵⭂䁢⬠埻冒䓙䘬ᾅ晄䭬⚵炻ḇ⯙㗗ㅚ㱽䫔⋩ᶨ㡅斄㕤嫃⬠冒䓙䘬 夷⭂炻㗗⮵⬠埻冒䓙ᷳ⇞⹎⿏ᾅ晄炻⯙⣏⬠㔁做Ἦ婒炻ㅱ⊭㊔䞼䨞冒䓙ˣ㔁⬠ 冒䓙冯⬠佺冒䓙ˤ 侴⬠埻冒䓙ᾅ晄ᷳ➢㛔㪲⇑ᷣ橼䁢ᾳṢ冯佌橼炻娎婒㖶⤪ᶳ烉ᶨˣᾳṢ䁢➢㛔㪲⇑ᷣ橼
⬠ 埻 冒 䓙 䘬 ➢ 㛔 㪲 ⇑ ᷣ 橼 㗗 冒 䃞 Ṣ 炻 ᾳ Ṣ 䁢 ⬠ 埻 冒 䓙 ᾅ 晄 䘬 ➢ 㛔 㪲 ⇑ ᷣ 橼炻㬌⍰䳘↮䁢烉 )ᶨ*!⣏⬠㔁ⷓ! ⚈䁢⣏⬠㔁ⷓ㗗䓙⬠埻冒䓙冒䃞岎Ḱ䘬㪲⇑ᷣ橼炻⛐⣏⬠⽆ḳ⬠埻ⶍἄ䘬 㔁ⷓ炻⚈䁢借⊁ᶲ䘬斄Ὢ炻㓭ṓ㚱⬠埻ᶲ䘬ᾅ晄ˤ )Ḵ*!℞Ṿ朆㔁ⷓỮḇ⽆ḳ⬠埻㳣≽䘬Ṣ!忂婒ḇ悥娵䁢㗗⬠埻冒䓙ᾅ晄䘬➢㛔㪲⇑ᷣ橼ˤ⛐⣏⬠䔞ᷕ䈡⇍㗗䞼䨞 ᷕ⽫⼨⼨㚱姙⣂⽆ḳ⬠埻㳣≽ᷳṢ炻℞ᶵ屈㑼㔁⬠ả⊁炻Ữ⚈➢㕤⽆ḳ⬠埻䞼 䨞⍲㳣≽㓭Ṏṓ㚱⬠埻冒䓙ᾅ晄ˤ ) )ᶱ*!⬠䓇ˣ䞼䨞≑䎮! ➢㕤⬠埻䞼䨞䘬䚖䘬侴忚埴⬠佺炻䔞Ⱄ㕤㪲⇑ᾅ晄䘬ᷣ橼ˤ侴⬠䓇⍲䞼䨞 ≑䎮➢㕤⮵㕤⬠埻嬘柴䘬㍊妶⍲䞼䨞炻㓭ḇṓ㚱⬠埻冒䓙ᾅ晄ˤ 㬌⢾炻⬠埻冒䓙䘬ᾅ晄᷎朆旸㕤䓙⚳⭞ㆾ℔㱽斄Ὢ䴻䆇䘬⬠埻㳣≽炻 䥩 䩳 ⣏ ⬠ ㆾ 㗗 ℞ Ṿ 䥩 Ṣ ⬠ 埻 㨇 斄 炻 Ṏ Ⱄ 㕤 ⬠ 埻 冒 䓙 ᾅ 晄 ᷳ ➢ 㛔 㪲 ⇑ ᷣ 橼 ˤ ䷥ ᷳ炻ẍᾳṢ䁢➢㛔㪲⇑ᷣ橼炻昌Ḯ⣏⬠㔁ⷓ⢾炻ḇ⊭㊔℞Ṿ⽆ḳ⬠埻㳣≽䘬Ṣˣ ⬠䓇⍲䞼䨞≑䎮䫱炻℔䩳⣏⬠⍲䥩䩳⣏⬠ᷕ䘬⬠埻䞼䨞侭炻忂忂Ⱄ㕤⬠埻冒䓙 ᾅ晄䘬㪲⇑ᷣ橼ˤ
Ḵˣ佌橼䁢➢㛔㪲⇑ᷣ橼
昌Ḯ冒䃞Ṣ䁢➢㛔㪲⇑ᷣ橼⢾炻ẍ佌橼䁢➢㛔㪲⇑ᷣ橼Ṏ⣂㚱炻ἳ⤪⣏⬠ ㆾ℞Ṿ⬠埻㨇㥳䫱⛀橼炻⯙⣏⬠冒㱣ㆾ⬠埻冒㱣䘬ᾅ晄侴妨炻ḇ⼿ẍ㌺昌⚳⭞ ᶵ㱽䘬Ὕ⭛炻侴ㆸ䁢⬠埻冒䓙䘬➢㛔㪲⇑ᷣ橼ˤ㟡㒂⽟⚳➢㛔㱽䫔⋩ḅ㡅䫔ᶱ 枭䘬夷⭂炻㖶䘥㊯↢㱽Ṣḇ⼿ẍ䁢➢㛔㪲⇑ᷣ橼炻⚈㬌⬠埻冒䓙ᾅ晄䘬佌橼 䁢➢㛔㪲⇑ᷣ橼炻⊭㊔⽆ḳ⬠埻㳣≽䘬䥩㱽Ṣ冯℔㱽Ṣˤ军㕤ㆹ⚳炻斄㕤佌橼 䁢➢㛔㪲⇑ᷣ橼炻䚖⇵䃉䇕嬘侭炻⎒娵⭂⽆ḳ⬠埻㳣≽䘬⣏⬠ㆾ㗗℞Ṿ⬠埻㨇 㥳䫱⛀橼炻⊭㊔℔䥩䩳⣏⬠⍲⬠埻䞼䨞㨇㥳ˤ 䃉 婾 ⯙ ᾳ Ṣ 冯 佌 橼 悥 㗗 ⬠ 埻 冒 䓙 ᾅ 晄 䘬 ᷣ 橼 炻 ᶵ 䫎 ⎰ ㅚ 㱽 夷 䭬 䘬 シ 㖐炻ᾅ晄ᾳṢ⍲佌橼ᷳ⿅゛冒䓙冯シ夳冒䓙㕤⿸ㆤ冒䓙炻㎃妨ᷳ炻⣏⬠ 㔁ⷓˣ⽆ḳ⬠埻㳣≽ᷳṢ⍲⬠䓇䞼䨞Ṣ⒉䫱炻⛐⽆ḳ㔁⬠䞼䨞㳣≽㗪炻悥 ṓ㚱ㅚ㱽ᾅ晄炻侴ㆸ䁢➢㛔㪲⇑ᷳᾅ晄ᷣ橼炻栗夳⬠埻冒䓙ᾅ晄䘬ᷣ橼ᷫὪ ⺋㲃⯙ᾳṢ⍲佌橼炻侴℞ᾅ晄䘬㱽䙲⍲ἄ䓐炻䔞䃞ḇῤ⼿≈ẍ㶙䨞ˤ倮ˣ⬠埻冒䓙ᾅ晄ᷳἄ䓐⍲➢㛔㪲⇑ᾅ嬟ᷳ㱽䙲
⬠埻冒䓙㗗ᶨ枭➢㛔㪲⇑炻䓙㬌㪲⇑ᾅ晄䘬㱽䙲㚱⣂枭炻ㆹ⚳ㅚ㱽ᶲ斄 㕤⬠埻冒䓙䘬ᾅ晄炻᷎ᶵ⎒㗗⬠侭⍲䞼䨞侭╖䲼䘬ᾳṢ冒䓙旚䥎㪲炻ḇ⊭㊔⬠ 埻ᾅ晄䘬➢㛔㪲⇑ᾅ嬟䘬㱽䙲ˤ➢㛔㪲⇑⛐㬟⎚䘤⯽ᶳ炻ᷣ天㗗Ṣ㮹⮵㈿⚳ ⭞Ὕ㪲䘬㬎☐炻ẍᾅ晄ᾳṢㆾ䣦㚫䘬冒䓙炻⛐ẍ➢㛔㪲⇑ἄ䁢旚䥎㪲≇傥䘬↢䘤溆ᶲ炻ᾳṢ䘬冒䓙炻⤪㝄⛐⎰ㅚ䘬冒䓙㮹ᷣ㱽㱣₡ῤ䦑⸷ᷕ炻⍇⇯ᶲ㗗ᶵ⍿ 旸⇞炻侴⚳⭞⮵ᾳṢ冒䓙⸚㴱䘬㪲≃炻➢㛔ᶲ⍿⇘㍏⇞ˤ ⬠埻冒䓙ἄ䁢ᶨ䧖旚䥎㪲䘬➢㛔㪲⇑ᾅ嬟㱽䙲炻堐䎦⛐ṢᾹ徥㯪⬠埻冒䓙 䘬冒ㆹ⮎䎦炻侴⬠埻冒䓙⮯䴎Ṣ㮹⮵㈿⚳⭞檀㪲Ὕ䉗䘬㪲≃炻⬠埻冒䓙 ᾅ嬟 䘬㱽䙲炻⊭㊔䞼䨞冒䓙ˣ嫃⬠冒䓙冯⬠佺冒䓙ˤ
ᶨ
ᶨˣ䞼䨞冒䓙
䞼䨞冒䓙ἄ䁢⬠埻冒䓙ᷳ旚䥎㪲ᾅ嬟䘬㱽䙲炻Ὢ㊯㭷ᶨỵ⽆ḳ⬠埻䞼䨞 䘬Ṣ炻悥ṓ㚱旚䥎㪲炻⎗ẍ⮵㈿⚳⭞䘬ᶵ㱽Ὕ⭛炻侴䞼䨞冒䓙ᾅ晄䘬䨢攻⊭ ㊔䞍嬀䘬䘤䎦ˣ䞍嬀䘬妋慳冯⁛㑕烊㬌⢾炻䞼䨞䘬䚠斄䳬䷼╖ỵḇㅱ娚⍿⇘ㅚ 㱽 䘬 ᾅ 嬟 炻 ᶲ 徘 䘮 㗗 䞼 䨞 冒 䓙 ᾅ 晄 䘬 ⮵ 尉 ˤ 䞼 䨞 冒 䓙 ↉ 㗗 䎮 婾 ㆾ ㅱ 䓐 ⿏ 䞼 䨞炻䞼䨞冒䓙堐䎦⛐ℏ⛐⎴㧋ḇ䓐㕤⢾⛐䘬䞼䨞㳣≽炻䞼䨞冒䓙䘬ᾅ嬟⍲䞼䨞 㳣≽䘬⮎嶸悥㗗䞼䨞冒䓙ᾅ晄䘬䭬⚵⍲⮵尉ˤḴˣ嫃⬠冒䓙
嫃⬠冒䓙㗗⮯䴻䓙䞼䨞䌚⼿䘬䞍嬀炻ẍ℟⬠埻娵䞍➢䢶䘬㕡⺷ Ἦ≈ẍ⁛ ㌰䘬㳣≽炻嫃⬠㗗ẍ⬠埻娵䞍ㆾ䞼䨞ㆸ㝄䘬㍊䳊䁢䚖䘬炻嫃⬠⽭枰冯嫃⬠侭䘬 䞼䨞倗䳸崟Ἦ炻嫃⬠⽭枰㗗䌐䩳ᶼ冒䓙ˤỮ῀劍嫃⬠᷎朆⽆ḳ⬠埻䞼䨞炻恋湤 ⯙ᶵ㗗⬠埻冒䓙ᾅ晄ᷳ嫃⬠冒䓙䘬䭬⚵ℏ炻ỮㆹᾹ⽭枰橼娵⇘炻嫃⬠冒䓙䘬 ᾅ嬟᷎朆⎒旸㕤⣏⬠嫃⬠炻⎬䧖⼊⺷䘬嫃⬠炻⤪䞼妶㚫ˣ㺼嫃⍲⹏婯㚫䫱炻䘮 㗗嫃⬠冒䓙ᾅ嬟䘬⮵尉炻Ữ嫃⬠冒䓙ᶨ凔⬠䓴悥娵䁢ㅱ⎒⍲㕤⣏⬠炻侴ᶵ⍲ 㕤ᷕ⮷⬠炻忁㗗⚈䁢⛐䞍嬀䘬㛔岒冯䚖䘬ᶲ䘬ᶵ⎴ˤ 嫃 ⬠ 冒 䓙 㴱 ⍲ ⇘ 䘬 炻 ⊭ ㊔ 忁 ṃ 㳣 ≽ 悥 ⺽ ⮶ ⮵ 㕤 ⬠ 埻 䘬 ⇌ 㕟 ˣ ⿅ 侫 冯 ㈡ ⇌炻⊭㊔⬠䓇⛐侫娎ᷕ㴱⍲䘬⬠埻㈡⇌ḇ⎴㧋Ⱄ㕤嫃⬠冒䓙䘬䭬⚵烊嫃⬠冒 䓙⮵㕤⢾䓴䘬㊯䣢悥⽭枰㗗天冒䓙䘬ˤġᶱˣ⬠佺冒䓙
⬠佺冒䓙ᷣ天㗗㊯ᾅ晄⬠䓇䘬⍿㔁㪲炻ᾅ晄⣏⬠䓇徥㯪⬠埻冒䓙䁢䚖䘬炻 ⣏⬠䓇⎗ẍὅ䄏冒䘬冰嵋⍲暨天炻怠㑯ᶨ↯゛⬠佺䘬㜙大炻⊭㊔⣏⬠䓇䘬ℍ ⬠冒䓙ˣ怠婚冒䓙ˣᶲ婚冒䓙ˣ㕩倥冒䓙ˣ⍫冯妶婾䘬冒䓙ẍ⍲堐忼シ夳䘬冒 䓙ˤ⣏⬠䓇⛐⬠佺冒䓙⍿⇘ㅚ㱽䘬ᾅ晄⼴炻⇯⤈⭂⬠埻冒䓙䘤⯽䘬➢䢶ˤ㓭⣏ ⬠䓇䘬⬠佺冒䓙㗗⬠埻冒䓙䘬ᾅ嬟㱽䙲炻ẍ徥㯪⬠埻冒䓙䁢䚖䘬ˤ ⎎⢾炻⬠埻冒䓙ἄ䁢➢㛔㪲⇑䘬ᾅ嬟㱽䙲Ἦ妶婾炻⎗ẍ⽆ℑᾳ㕡朊Ἦ↯ℍ烉) )ᶨ*⬠埻冒䓙ἄ䁢⭊奨₡ῤ䦑⸷Ἦ婾徘! ➢㛔㪲⇑⛐ἄ䁢ㅚ㱽䘬➢㛔₡ῤ㰢⭂㗪炻ḇ⺢䩳Ḯ㔜橼㱽䦑⸷炻⛐ᶱ㪲↮ 䩳䘬㝞㥳ᶳ炻⺢䩳⭊奨₡ῤ䦑⸷炻㓭ḇ⯙㗗⮵㕤Ṣᷳ㔯⊾䘬ᾅ嬟炻⮵㕤㔯⊾⚳ ⭞䘬慵夾ˤ㔯⊾⚳⭞㚨慵天䘬天䳈炻⛐㕤㔯⊾➢㛔㪲䘬ᾅ晄炻忁⊭㊔Ḯ⬠埻ˣ 㔁做ˣ喅埻冒䓙ẍ⍲℞Ṿ䱦䤆冒䓙䘬ᾅ晄炻⛐䎦ẋ㮹ᷣ㱽㱣⚳⭞炻゛天⺢䩳ᶨ ᾳ⣂⃫攳㓦䘬⚳⭞炻⚳⭞⯙⽭枰㚱佑⊁思⬰㔯⊾䘬ᷕ䩳⿏冯⮔⭡⿏炻᷎䧵㤝Ὣ 忚㔯⊾䘤⯽炻慵夾⣂⃫㕷佌䘬㔯⊾ℏ⭡ˤ )Ḵ*⬠埻冒䓙ἄ䁢⇞⹎⿏ᾅ晄Ἦ婾徘! ⇞ ⹎ ⿏ ᾅ 晄 䘬 䎮 婾 ᷣ 天 㗗 䁢 Ḯ ᾅ 嬟 㛔 岒 ᶲ 䘬 冒 䓙 ⼊ ㆸ 䘬 䥩 Ṣ 䓇 㳣 柀 ➇ ㆾ ℔㱽ᶲ䘬⇞⹎炻德忶⇞⹎⿏ᾅ晄䘬夷⭂炻⮵㕤⇞ㅚ侭Ἦ婒炻ṾᾹ娵䁢⮵㕤㚱ṃ 朆ⷠ㚱₡ῤ䘬⇞⹎炻䩳㱽侭⮵㕤娚⇞⹎䘬㟠⽫悐↮ᶵ傥㓡嬲炻䓙㬌Ἦ句⮎ㅚ㱽 ᶲᾅ晄䘬➢㛔㪲⇑ˤ㓭⮵㕤䩳㱽侭炻⇞⹎⿏ᾅ晄䘬シ佑⛐㕤晾䃞䩳㱽侭⎗㊩临 ⍣⼊ㆸ⇞⹎⿏ᾅ晄䘬夷⭂炻᷎Ḱẍ℟橼⊾炻Ữ㗗ㅚ㱽⌣䤩㬊䩳㱽侭㌺昌⇞⹎㛔 幓炻ㆾὝ䉗⇞⹎䘬㛔岒炻➢㛔㪲⇑ᾅ嬟⛐⇞⹎⿏ᾅ晄䘬シ佑炻㗗䴻䓙⚳⭞ㆾ䣦 㚫⼊⟹䘬忁ṃ⍿⇘ᾅ晄䘬⇞⹎炻Ὣ忚Ṣ冒ㆹ⮎䎦䘬句⮎炻ḇᾅ嬟Ḯ婳㯪㪲䘬 ⮎䎦ˤ ⇞ ⹎ ⿏ ᾅ 晄 ᷫ Ὢ 䁢 Ḯ ᾅ 嬟 㛔 岒 ᶲ 冒 䓙 ⼊ ㆸ 䘬 䥩 Ṣ 䓇 㳣 柀 ➇ ㆾ ℔ 㱽 ᶲ 䘬 ⇞ ⹎炻晾䃞䩳㱽侭⎗ẍ⼊ㆸ⇞⹎⿏ᾅ晄炻᷎Ḱẍ℟橼㖶䡢⊾烊Ữㅚ㱽⌣䤩㬊䩳㱽 侭㌺昌⇞⹎㛔幓ㆾὝ䉗⇞⹎䘬㛔岒⍲ㅚ㱽⮵㬌⇞⹎䘬➢㛔ᾅ嬟ˤ ⬠埻冒䓙ἄ䁢⇞⹎⿏ᾅ晄䘬➢㛔㪲⇑ᾅ嬟䘬㱽䙲炻℞䚖䘬㗗䁢ḮṢ㮹⬠埻 冒ㆹ䘬⮎䎦炻䣦㚫⍲⚳⭞⼊ㆸ⮵Ṣ㮹㚱⇑䘬䑘⠫炻ㅚ㱽ᶲ䴎ḰṢ㮹ᾅ嬟炻侴ἧ ⼿Ṣ㮹傥⣈ṓ㚱⃭↮䘬⬠埻冒䓙ˤ㬌⢾炻㟡㒂⣏⬠㱽夷⭂炻⣏⬠ḇㅱ娚⍿⬠埻 冒䓙䘬ᾅ晄炻᷎⛐㱽⼳夷⭂䘬䭬⚵ℏ炻ṓ㚱冒㱣㪲ˤ
ẵˣㆹ⚳⬠埻冒䓙ᷳ䚠斄夷䭬
ㆹ⚳⬠埻冒䓙䘬㤪⾝㸸冒㫸伶炻⮵⬠埻冒䓙ᾅ晄䘬崟㬍庫㘂炻Ữᾅ晄䦳⹎ ⌣ᶵ怄㕤℞Ṿ⚳⭞ˤ晾䃞ㆹ⚳䃉㖶䡢ˬ⬠埻冒䓙˭䘬㡅㔯炻Ữ冯℞㚨䚠斄ᷳ㡅 㔯䁢ㅚ㱽䫔⋩ᶨ㡅烉ˬṢ㮹㚱妨婾ˣ嫃⬠ˣ叿ἄ⍲↢䇰ᷳ冒䓙ˤ˭℞ ᾅ晄䘬 ḇ䁢⬠埻ᷳ慵天ℏ㵝炻㓭⬠侭⣂㍐婾⣏⬠ⷓ䓇㍍ṓ㚱㬌ᾅ晄ˤ ẍㆹ⚳䚖⇵⬠埻冒䓙ᷳ㖊㚱夷䭬炻⎗↮ㆸ⸦㕡朊Ἦ㍊妶烉ᶨ
ᶨˣ夷䭬朊⎹
⯙ㅚ㱽㛔㔯Ἦ婾炻⊭㊔ㅚ㱽䫔⋩ᶨ㡅烉ˬṢ㮹㚱妨婾ˣ嫃⬠ˣ叿ἄ⍲↢䇰 ᷳ冒䓙ˤ˭ˣㅚ㱽䫔Ḵ⋩ᶨ㡅烉ˬ↉Ṣ㮹ᷳ℞⬫冒䓙⍲㪲⇑炻ᶵ⥐⭛䣦㚫䦑⸷℔ ℙ⇑䙲侭炻⛯⍿ㅚ㱽ᷳᾅ晄ˤ˭㓭⣏⬠㔁ⷓ⽆ḳ䞼䨞ˣ嫃⬠⎒天ᶵ⌙⭛䣦㚫⌛ ⎗⍿⇘ᾅ晄ˣㅚ㱽䫔ᶨ䘦ℕ⋩Ḵ㡅烉ˬℐ⚳℔䥩䩳ᷳ㔁做㔯⊾㨇斄炻ὅ㱽⼳⍿ ⚳⭞ᷳ䚋䜋ˤ˭ˣㅚ㱽䫔ᶨ䘦ℕ⋩Ḽ㡅烉ˬ⚳⭞ㅱᾅ晄㔁做ˣ䥹⬠ˣ喅埻ⶍἄ侭 ᷳ䓇㳣炻᷎ὅ⚳㮹䴻㾇ᷳ忚⯽炻晐㗪㍸檀℞⼭忯ˤ˭㬌㡅⮵⣏⬠㨇㥳ᷕ⽆ḳ㬌 栆⬠埻㳣≽侭炻㚱䧵㤝ᾅ晄⬠埻冒䓙䘬ἄ䓐ˤ⯙⣏㱽⭀㚫嬘Ἦ婾炻⊭㊔慳⫿䫔 ᶱℓ˕嘇1ˣ䫔⚃Ḽ˕嘇2ˣ䫔⚃ℕḴ嘇ˣ䫔Ḽℕᶱ嘇3ˣ䫔ℕḴℕ嘇4䫱ˤ⯙⣏⬠ 㱽Ἦ婾炻⣏⬠㱽䫔ᶨ㡅夷⭂烉ˬ⣏⬠ẍ䞼䨞⬠埻炻➡做Ṣㇵ炻㍸⋯㔯⊾炻㚵⊁ 䣦㚫炻Ὣ忚⚳⭞䘤⯽䁢⬿㖐ˤ⣏⬠ㅱ⍿⬠埻冒䓙ᷳᾅ晄炻᷎⛐㱽⼳夷⭂䭬⚵ℏ炻 ṓ㚱冒㱣㪲ˤ˭䡢䩳Ḯˬ⬠埻冒䓙˭ᾅ晄䘬㱽⼳ὅ㒂炻㓭⣏⬠冒㱣ὪⰔ㕤㱽⼳ ᾅ晄䘬冒㱣ˤḴˣ⇞⹎⿏ᾅ晄朊⎹
῀劍⽆⇞⹎⿏ᾅ晄䘬奺⹎炻⎗ẍἮ↮㜸䞼䨞冒䓙冯⬠埻冒䓙冯⬠佺冒䓙ˤ ㊱⬠埻冒䓙冯㔁做ᷳ䘤⯽℟㚱⭮↯斄Ὢ炻⯙℞䘤⯽ᷳ忶䦳侴妨炻㕤⚳⭞㪲≃ ⸚枸ᷳ⬠埻冒䓙炻椾⃰堐䎦㕤䞼䨞ᷳ冒䓙冯㔁⬠ᷳ冒䓙炻℞ᾅ晄䭬⚵᷎ㅱ⺞Ỡ 军℞Ṿ慵天⬠埻㳣≽炻冱↉冯㍊妶⬠⓷炻䘤䎦䛇䎮㚱斄侭炻媠⤪䞼䨞≽㨇ᷳ⼊ ㆸ炻妰䔓ᷳ㍸↢炻䞼䨞Ṣ⒉ᷳ䳬ㆸ炻枸䬿ᷳ䯴㍒↮惵炻䞼䨞ㆸ㝄ᷳ䘤堐炻朆Ữ ㅱ⍿ᾅ晄᷎⼿↮ṓ䣦㚫屯㸸ᷳὃㅱˤ⎎⢾ẍ䞼䨞ẍ⢾Ⱄ㕤㔁⬠冯⬠佺䭬䔯ᷳḳ 枭炻媠⤪婚䦳姕妰ˣ䥹䚖妪⭂ˣ嫃㌰ℏ⭡ˣ⬠≃姽⭂ˣ侫娎夷⇯ˣ⬠䓇怠㑯䥹 䲣冯婚䦳ᷳ冒䓙炻ẍ⍲⬠䓇冒㱣䫱Ṏ⛐ᾅ晄ᷳ↿ˤ昌㬌ᷳ⢾炻⣏⬠ℏ悐䳬䷼ˣ 㔁ⷓ倀ả⍲屯㟤姽慷炻Ṏ䁢⣏⬠ᷳ冒㱣㪲旸炻⯌ㅱ㜄䳽⢾Ἦᷳᶵ䔞⸚㴱ˤ 侴⽆⬠埻冒䓙埵䓇↢冯⣏⬠冒㱣䘬斄Ὢ炻夷䭬朊ᶲㆹ⚳⎠㱽昊⣏㱽⭀慳⫿ 䫔 380 嘇妋慳炻娚妋慳昌Ḯ婒㖶⣏⬠冒㱣䁢ㅚ㱽䫔⋩ᶨ㡅嫃⬠冒䓙䘬ᾅ晄䭬⚵ 㗗ᶨ䧖⇞⹎⿏ᾅ晄⢾炻娚妋慳ḇ㊯↢➢㕤⬠埻冒䓙䘬ᾅ晄炻⣏⬠⮵㕤㔁⬠ˣ䞼 䨞冯⬠佺ᷳḳ枭ṓ㚱冒㱣㪲烊慳⫿⚃Ḽ˕嘇妋慳⎴㧋㍸⇘㔁⬠ˣ䞼䨞冯⬠佺ᷳ1 σݲོۢដភԅ 380 ဴ၌ភ݂ጂࡾюᏴݲΪΙనᖿᏰՌҥΝ߽ᄇᏰՌҥϞڙ࡙ܒ߳ ራȇٮᄇσᏰՌݽᇄᏰՌҥᜰ߽໌፣क़Ȅ 2 σݲོۢដភԅ 450 ဴ၌ភ݂ጂࡾюσᏰՌݽ឴ܻᏴݲΪΙనᖿᏰՌҥޟ߳ራጒ൜Ȅ 4 ਲ਼ᐃσݲོۢដភԅ 563 ဴ၌ភ݂ጂࡾюσᏰՌݽሯڧᏴݲڙ࡙ܒ߳ራೣጒȄ 4 ਲ਼ᐃσݲོۢដភԅ 626 ဴ၌ភσᏰᄇܻΣᏰၥਿࢋٴԤՌݽ᠌ȂՌுоڏՌݽೣണȂ ܻӫ౩Ѕ҆ौޟጒ൜ϱȂॏࣺۡᜰΣᏰၥਿ३ڙȄ
ḳ枭Ⱄ㕤⣏⬠冒㱣䘬枭䚖炻⚳⭞⮵㕤⣏⬠ᷳ䚋䜋昌ㅱẍ㱽⼳㖶⭂⢾炻℞妪⭂Ṏ ㅱ䫎⎰⣏⬠冒㱣ᷳ⍇⇯炻嵛夳⣏⬠冒㱣䘬慵天⿏ˤ 慳 ⫿ 䫔 Ḽ ℕ ᶱ 嘇 妋 慳 ㊯ ↢ 䩳 㱽 㨇 斄 ᶵ ⼿ ả シ ẍ 㱽 ⼳ ⻟ ⇞ ⣏ ⬠ 姕 伖 䈡 ⭂ ᷳ ╖ỵ炻农Ὕ⭛⣏⬠ᷳℏ悐䳬䷼冒㱣㪲烊埴㓧㨇斄Ṏᶵ⼿ẍ␥Ẍ⸚枸⣏⬠㔁⬠ᷳ ℏ⭡⍲婚䦳ᷳ妪⭂炻侴⥐䣁㔁⬠ˣ䞼䨞ᷳ冒䓙炻䩳㱽⍲埴㓧㍒㕥ᷳ夷䭬⭮⹎㕤 ⣏⬠冒㱣䭬⚵ℏ炻⛯ㅱ⍿怑⹎ᷳ旸⇞炻栗夳⣏⬠冒㱣ᶳ䘬埴㓧冯䩳㱽㨇斄悥⽭ 枰⮲慵⎬⣏⬠ᷳ冒㱣ˤ 慳⫿䫔ℕᶱ˕嘇妋慳溆↢⣏⬠冒㱣䘬䭬⚵昌ℏ悐䳬䷼ˣ婚䦳姕妰ˣ䞼䨞ℏ ⭡ˣ⬠≃姽揹ˣ侫娎夷⇯⍲䔊㤕㡅ẞ䫱⢾炻Ṏ⊭㊔ℍ⬠屯㟤⛐ℏ炻ᾦ⣏⬠⼿啱 ẍ䮑怠⬠䓇炻䵕专⬠㟉⑩岒炻㍸⋯䪞䇕≃炻᷎䘤⯽䈡刚炻⮎䎦㔁做䎮⾝˨㛶ṩ 㶤炻2007˩烊⣏⬠⮵㕤ℍ⬠屯㟤㖊ṓ㚱冒㱣㪲炻᷎⼿ẍ℞冒㱣夷䪈㕤⎰䎮⍲⽭ 天ᷳ䭬⚵ℏ炻妪⭂䚠斄ℍ⬠屯㟤㡅ẞ炻䃉忽⍵㱽⼳ᾅ䔁⍇⇯炻⽆㬌⎗ẍ䚳↢⣏ 㱽⭀㚫嬘妋慳⤥⁷天ẍ⣏⬠冒㱣ἄ䁢ᾅ晄⬠埻冒䓙䘬ᶨ䧖㕡⺷ˤ 㟡㒂⣏⬠㱽䫔ᶨ㡅䫔Ḵ枭夷⭂ˬ⣏⬠ㅱ⍿⬠埻冒䓙ᷳᾅ晄炻᷎⛐㱽⼳夷⭂ 䭬⚵ℏṓ㚱冒㱣㪲˭炻㟡㒂␐⽿⬷㔁㌰奨⮇娵䁢⣏⬠冒㱣ṵㅱ⍿㱽⼳ᾅ䔁⍇⇯ 䘬㊀㜇炻℞℟橼䭬⚵军⮹ㅱ⊭⏓Ṣḳ冒㱣ˣ䞼䨞㔁做ḳ枭冒㱣ˣ⬠䓇冯⬠㟉ᷳ 姕㕥䭉䎮ˣ䦑⸷䵕㊩冒㱣ˣ屉⊁ḳ枭冒㱣䫱ḳ枭˨␐⽿⬷炻2001˩炻䫮侭⋩↮ ⎴シ忁㧋䘬奨溆炻Ṏ㗗⬠埻冒䓙⚢䃞ᾅ晄冯夷䭬⣏⬠䘤⯽炻Ữ⛐㱽⼳ᾅ䔁⍇⇯ ᶳ炻℟橼䭬⚵䘬妪⭂ṵ㗗⋩↮⽭天䘬ˤ
映
映ˣ䳸婾烉⽆⬠埻冒䓙忚侴句⮎⣏⬠冒㱣
⽆大㕡⚳⭞䘬䴻槿Ἦ婾徘⬠埻冒䓙炻⎗ẍ䘤䎦⬠埻冒䓙⛐㍸Έᷳ⇅ᷫ⛐⻟ 婧䡢ᾅ⬠埻䣦佌性⍿⇘⚳⭞㓧㱣ˣ䧖㕷⍲⬿㔁䘬⡻従炻ẍ徥㯪⬠埻䛇䎮䁢⽿ ⎹烊⇘Ḯ役ẋ℞ℏ⭡㚜≈寸炻℞䚖䘬Ὢἧ⣏⬠㔁ⷓ傥⣈⾈㕤⬠埻䛇䎮炻ẍ㚧 ⣏⬠㈃崟䣦㚫屔ả炻忼ㆸ徥㯪⋻崲䘬䚖䘬炻⬠埻冒䓙䴻⛐大㕡ᶾ䓴䓊䓇㶙怈 䘬⼙枧炻ᶨᾳ攳㓦䘬⬠埻冒䓙䑘⠫㚜㗗㮹ᷣ⊾䣦㚫⽭ᶵ⎗⮹䘬天䳈ˤ ⬠埻冒䓙炻⯙℞䷥橼䘬シ佑Ἦ䚳炻⎗ẍ㬠䲵㤪㊔䁢烉 1. ᶨ↯⬠埻䞼䨞ㆾ㔁⬠㨇㥳䘬⬠侭㔁ⷓᾹ炻⛐ṾᾹ䞼䨞䘬柀➇ℏ㚱⮳㯪䛇䎮 ᷎⮯℞⏲䞍㕤ṾṢ䘬冒䓙炻侴䃉婾忁⎗傥忈ㆸ㓧⹄ㆾ㚱斄㨇㥳ⷞἮ⣂湥⣏䘬 ᶵ㺧炻ḇ悥ᶵ⽭䇚彶⎰ṾṢ侴ᾖ㓡䞼䨞䳸㝄ㆾ奨溆ˤ2. ⬠埻冒䓙ᶨ凔塓䎮妋䇚ᶵ⍿⥐䣁⛘徥㯪䛇䎮䘬㪲⇑ˤ忁ᶨ㪲≃㖊怑䓐㕤檀䫱 㔁做㨇㥳炻ḇ怑䓐㕤⛐忁ṃ㨇㥳墉⽆ḳ⬠埻ⶍἄ䘬Ṣ⒉ˤ 3. ⬠埻冒䓙㊯㔁ⷓ䘬㔁⬠⮵㕤⬠䓇䘬⬠佺炻㚱ᶵ⍿ᶵ⎰䎮⸚㒦旸⇞䘬㪲⇑炻 忁⊭㊔嫃⬠冒䓙ˣ↢䇰冒䓙ᾉẘ冒䓙ˤ 4. ⬠埻冒䓙Ṏ㊯㔁ⷓ⬠䓇ᶵ⍿㱽⼳ˣ⬠㟉⎬䧖夷⭂䘬旸⇞ㆾ℔埮ᶵ⎰䎮⸚㒦 侴忚埴嫃婚ˣ㍊㯪䞍嬀⍲䞼䨞䘬冒䓙ˤ 5. ⬠埻冒䓙㗗㊯⮰㤕Ṣ⢓⛐ṾᾹ⊅ả䘬⬠䥹ᷕ冒䓙⛘婧㞍ˣ妶婾ˣ䘤堐ㆾ㔁 ㌰ṾᾹ娵䇚䘬䛇䎮炻侴ᶵ㍍⍿ảỽ㓧㱣䘬㍏⇞㪲⦩䘬姙⎗ˤ 6. ⬠埻冒䓙ᷫ㗗䇚Ḯ⮵㈿㓧㱣ˣ䴻㾇䫱⬠ 埻ẍ⢾ᷳ⊊≃炻⮵㕤⬠埻䞼䨞冯㔁⬠ ᷳὝ⭛炻⬠埻冒䓙ᷳẍ傥㖶妪㕤ㅚ㱽ᶲㆸ䇚➢㛔㪲⇑ᷳᶨ炻⯙㗗䓙㕤⣂⮹ ⣏⬠⍲⣏⬠ℏᷳ䞍嬀↮⫸炻㊩ᷭᶵㅰ䇕⍾侴Ἦ䘬ˤ 侴天ㆸ䁢ᶨᾳ⣏⬠炻㮹ᷣ㱽㱣㔁做㚜㗗⽭天䘬炻侴⣏⬠㛔幓炻⬫⽭枰ṓ㚱 ⃭↮䘬⬠埻冒䓙炻忁㗗㊯ㅚ㱽䫔⋩ᶨ㡅ᾅ晄䘬⬠埻冒䓙炻侴⬠埻䘬㛔岒炻℞ ⮎㗗⭊奨䘬₡ῤ冯⇞⹎䘬ㆸ↮炻⚈㬌ᶨᾳ⣏⬠炻昌Ḯㅱ娚ᾅ晄⬠侭⍲䞼䨞侭ᾳ Ṣ䘬冒䓙旚䥎㪲炻ḇ⊭㊔⬠埻䘬➢㛔㪲⇑㱽䙲炻德忶➢㛔㪲⇑㱽䙲䘬ᾅ晄炻⛐ ᷣ奨ᶲ⬠埻冒䓙ᾅ晄⊭㊔Ḯ䞼䨞冒䓙ˣ嫃⬠冒䓙冯⬠佺冒䓙烊⛐⭊奨ᶲ⬠埻冒 䓙 ᾅ 晄 ⊭ ㊔ ⭊ 奨 ₡ ῤ 䦑 ⸷ ᶲ ᾅ 晄 䘬 㱽 䙲 ẍ ⍲ ἄ 䁢 ⇞ ⹎ ⿏ ᾅ 晄 ᾅ 嬟 䘬 㱽 䙲炻ẍ忼⣏⬠冒㱣䘬䚖䘬ˤ ⣏⬠䱦䤆㗗⣏⬠䘤⯽䘬➢䢶炻➭㊩⣏⬠䱦䤆炻⬠㟉ㇵ㚱㕡⎹冯≽≃炻ㇵ傥 ⛐䪞䇕㽨䁰䘬檀䫱㔁做䑘⠫ᷕ僓䧶侴↢炻侴⣏⬠䱦䤆䘬℞ᷕᷳᶨ炻⯙㗗天➭㊩ ⬠埻冒䓙炻⬠埻冒䓙㗗⣏⬠㔁做梲ㆸᷕ朆ⷠ慵天䘬悐↮炻⛐㟉⚺ᷕ炻ⷓ䓇攻ˣ 㟉㕡冯⬠䓇攻䚠Ḻ䘬⮲慵炻ḇ㗗⣏⬠䘬⽭天㡅ẞ炻⽆⬠埻冒䓙Ἦ婾徘⣏⬠冒㱣 ⮎㚱慵天䘬シ佑ˤ⬠埻冒䓙⮵㕤⣏⬠䘬₡ῤ⛐㕤⚈ㅱ㮹ᷣ⊾䘬䘤⯽ˣὫ忚䣦㚫 㔯㖶ˣ➡梲䛇㬋ㅪ⼿₡ῤ䘬Ṣ烊⬠埻冒䓙⼘栗⣏⬠㔁做ᷕ⮵㕤⬠埻䛇䎮䘬徥㯪ˤ ⬠埻冒䓙冯⣏⬠冒㱣ᷳ攻䘬斄Ὢ炻⎗ẍ⽆⣏㱽⭀慳⫿䫔ᶱℓ˕嘇ˣ⚃Ḽ˕ 嘇⍲Ḽℕᶱ嘇䫱ᶱ枭妋慳ᷕ䚳↢炻⣏⬠冒㱣⍿ㅚ㱽⇞⹎⿏ᾅ晄炻⚳⭞ὅ㱽⼳⮵ ⣏⬠⮎埴䚋䜋炻ẍ䫎⎰⣏⬠冒㱣⍇⇯炻侴⛐⣏⬠冒㱣䘬䭬⚵ℏ炻埴㓧冯䩳㱽㨇 斄⽭枰⍿⇘旸⇞烊侴⬠埻冒䓙冯㔁做䘤⯽䘬斄Ὢ⛐㕤㔁做枰㕤⚳⭞㪲≃⸚枸 䘬⬠埻冒䓙炻℟橼堐䎦⛐䞼䨞冒䓙冯㔁⬠冒䓙炻℞⬠埻冒䓙ᾅ晄䭬⚵ㅱ⺞Ỡ军 ℞Ṿ慵天⬠埻㳣≽烊䞼䨞ẍ⢾Ⱄ㕤㔁⬠⍲⬠佺悐↮炻ㆾ㗗⬠䓇冒㱣䫱悥⛐⬠埻 冒 䓙 ᾅ 晄 䭬 ⚵ ᷳ ↿ 炻 㬌 ⢾ ⣏ ⬠ ℏ 悐 䳬 ䷼ ˣ 㔁 ⷓ 倀 ả ⍲ 姽 慷 䫱 Ⱄ 㕤 ⣏ ⬠ 冒 㱣 㪲 旸炻ㆹᾹ⎗⽆⣏⬠㱽ᷕ䚳⇘㔁做ᷣ䭉㨇斄ㅱ性⸚㴱⬠埻冒䓙ˤ
䷥ᷳ炻⬠埻冒䓙⯙㗗嬻㔁ⷓ㚱⃭↮䘬㔁⬠冯䞼䨞䘬冒䓙炻⬠䓇㚱⬠佺冯㍊ 䳊䘬冒䓙ˤ侴⣏⬠ㅱ⛐⬠埻冒䓙䘬⍇⇯ᶳ炻䴎Ḱⷓ䓇⃭↮⿅侫冯㰢⭂䨢攻炻⼤ 㬌䚠Ḻ⮲慵炻㽨䘤∝忈≃炻ἧ㟉⚺㛅㯋咔≫炻ㆸ䁢⇵忚䘬≃慷炻嬻䣦㚫⚈⣏⬠ 侴➡梲↢㚜⣂䘬Ṣㇵˤ ⚈㬌䫮侭娵䁢炻ᶨᾳ⣏⬠ㅱ娚天ẍ⬠埻冒䓙䘬ᾅ晄䁢⇵㍸炻Ἦ⺢㥳ᶨ⣿⬴ 㔜䘬冒㱣橼䲣炻㟡㒂⬠㟉㛔幓夷䭬炻ὅ㒂⎬㟉ᶵ⎴䘬䈡刚炻ἧ㟉⚺⃭↮冒㱣烊 侴⣏⬠冒㱣ᷕ炻ảỽ䞼䨞冒䓙ˣ嫃⬠冒䓙冯⬠佺冒䓙炻悥ㅱ娚㖶䡢⊾炻⣏⬠冒 㱣ᶵㅱ崭↢ㅚ㱽冯⣏⬠㱽ᷳ䚠斄夷䭬炻ἧ⣏⬠傥⣈䛇㬋句⮎⬠埻冒䓙䘬ㅚ㱽ᾅ 晄炻㚨⼴忼ㆸᶨᾳ㮹ᷣ冯㱽㱣䘬㟉⚺䑘⠫炻ἧ⬠䓇傥⣈䘬ㆸ攟冯⬠佺炻㖍 ⼴ㆸ䁢⼊⟹ᶨᾳ冒䓙ˣ㮹ᷣ冯㱽⇞䘬䣦㚫䘬➢㛔㡅ẞˤ ⮵㕤⬠埻冒䓙冯⣏⬠冒㱣Ἦ婒炻ℑ侭䘬斄Ὢ⛐㕤⬠埻冒䓙㗗⣏⬠䃉婾Ṣ⒉ ㆾ㨇㥳ᷳ➢㛔㪲炻㗗ᶨ䧖䚖䘬烊侴⣏⬠冒㱣⇯㗗埴㓧ἄ䓐炻㗗ᶨ䧖ㇳ㭝ˤᾅ晄 ⬠埻冒䓙⯙㗗䴎Ḱ⎬⣏⬠㚱冒㱣埴㓧㪲炻ẍ性⚳⭞㪲≃⸚枸ˤㆾ姙ḇ⎗ẍ婒 ⣏⬠冒㱣㪲㗗㔁做埴㓧㪲炻᷎ᶵ㚫䓊䓇⇞⹎⿏ᾅ晄⓷柴炻侴⬠埻冒䓙ㇵ㚱媪 䘬⇞⹎⿏ᾅ晄ˤ 德忶㛔㔯㍊妶炻ἧㆹᾹ傥⣈䎮妋炻⛐㕤⛐⚳ℏ⎬⣏⮰昊㟉徥㯪㟉⚺㮹ᷣ冯 㱽㱣㔁做䘬忶䦳ᷕ炻⬠埻冒䓙㈖㺼叿慵天䘬奺刚炻㰺㚱⬠埻冒䓙⯙㰺㚱⣏⬠冒 㱣炻㰺㚱⣏⬠冒㱣炻冒䃞⯙䃉㱽⤊婯㟉⚺㮹ᷣ冯㱽㱣㔁做烊⚈㬌炻⎬⣏⮰昊㟉 昌Ḯ䧵㤝≈⻟㮹ᷣ冯㱽㱣㔁做䘬⭋⮶⢾炻慵夾㱽⇞夷䭬ḇ㗗朆ⷠ慵天䘬嬘柴炻 㰺㚱ᶨᾳ冒䓙䘬⬠埻䑘⠫炻㗗ᶵ⎗傥㚱ㆸ≇䘬㟉⚺㮹ᷣ冯㱽㱣䘬䴻槿炻⚈㬌⬠ 埻冒䓙䘬慵天⿏ᶵ妨⎗╣ˤ 䵄ᶲ炻德忶㛔㔯⮵㕤⬠埻冒䓙ᷳ䚠斄シ佑⍲㤪⾝㍊妶炻᷎婾徘⬠埻冒䓙ᷳ ➢㛔㪲⇑ᷣ橼⍲⬠埻冒䓙ᾅ晄ᷳἄ䓐㕡⺷炻㚜傥橼㚫↢⬠埻冒䓙ἄ䁢➢㛔㪲⇑ ᾅ嬟ᷳ㱽䙲炻⽭枰天娛≈句⮎炻ⓗ㚱德忶⬠埻冒䓙䘬句⮎炻㕡傥⼘栗⣏⬠冒㱣 ᷕ䘬㱽⇞䈡刚炻ἧ傥䶈忈ᶨᾳ㮹ᷣ冯㱽㱣ᷳ㟉⚺䑘⠫炻句⮎㔁做䛇㬋䘬䚖㧁ˤ
