手術前疼痛衛教對改善脊椎術後病人疼痛經驗之成效探討
The Effects of Preoperative Pain Education on Patients'Pain Experience After Spinal Surgery
中文摘要
病人對疼痛處置的知識與信念會影響其手術後的疼痛處置結果，因此手術前提 供病人適當的疼痛衛教能幫助病人正確處理其手術後疼痛。本研究的目的即是要 探討對脊椎手術病人施予手術前疼痛衛教對改善術後疼痛經驗之成效。研究採兩 組前後測之類實驗設計法（quasi-experimental design），於中部某區域教學醫院 骨科病房中，針對進行脊椎手術之病人收案。收案之研究對象共80 人，隨機分 配（random assignment）至（1）控制組 40 人：接受病房護理人員的手術前常 規照護（2）實驗組 40 人：接受研究者給予之手術前常規照護及手術前疼痛衛 教之介入措施。成效評值包括以部分修正之美國疼痛協會病人結果問卷
（American Pain Society Patient Outcome Questionnare-Modified; APS-POQ- Modified）（APS, 1995）比較兩組手術後疼痛強度、疼痛干擾程度、疼痛處置滿 意度及疼痛處置信念之差異，以及比較兩組止痛藥使用劑量（由病人之病歷紀 錄收集）之差異。研究資料以描述性統計、卡方檢定（Chi-square）、t 檢定及重 複測量變異數分析（RM-ANOVA）等進行分析。
研究結果顯示：（1）實驗組接受手術前疼痛衛教介入措施後，手術後最劇烈疼 痛強度低於控制組達統計上顯著差異。（2）實驗組手術後疼痛對日常生活、情 緒及睡眠的干擾程度低於控制組，達統計上顯著差異。（3）手術後實驗組錯誤 疼痛處置信念的改善程度，與控制組達統計上顯著差異。（4）手術後的疼痛處 置滿意度及止痛藥使用劑量，兩組間無統計上顯著差異。
本研究結果顯示手術前疼痛衛教可以改善病人不正確的疼痛處置信念，降低病 人手術後的最劇烈疼痛強度及疼痛對日常生活、情緒、睡眠的干擾程度。因此，
在臨床上應加強手術前的疼痛衛教，以改善病人術後的疼痛經驗。
關鍵詞：脊椎手術、手術前疼痛衛教、疼痛經驗。
英文摘要
Patients’ knowledge and beliefs about pain management may contribute to pain outcomes after surgery. Therefore, preoperative pain education is considered to be an important tool in helping patients to manage pain after surgery. This study proposed to evaluate a preoperative pain education program to improve patients’
pain experience after spinal surgery. The study is a quasi-experimental design with two groups pre-test and post-test comparison. Subjects were chosen from one orthopedic ward in a region medical teaching hospital in middle of Taiwan.
Subjects (N=80) were randomly assigned to (1) control group which received
routine preoperative care by ward nurses (n=40), or (2) experimental group which received routine preoperative care and a preoperative pain education program by researcher. Outcomes were pain intensity, pain interference, satisfaction with pain management, beliefs about pain management, measured by American Pain Society Patient Outcome Questionnare -Modified (APS-POQ-Modified), and the amount of analgesics gathered from the patient’s chart. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, Chi-square, t-test, and repeated measures ANOVA.
The results showed that (1) the intervention of preoperative pain education resulted in statistically significant reductions of worst pain intensity after surgery in experimental group compared to control group, (2) subjects in the experimental group experienced statistically significant reductions of pain interference in general activity, mood, and sleep, compared to control subjects, (3) the misbeliefs about pain management were significantly improved after surgery in experimental group compared to control group, (4) no statistically significant differences were found in the score of satisfaction with pain management, or amount of analgesics between the two groups.
In conclusion, the results of this study indicate that preoperative pain education could improve patients’ misbeliefs about pain management, reduce the worst pain intensity and pain interference in general activity, mood, and sleep after surgery.
Therefore, preoperative pain education should be administered for patients in clinic to improve patients’ pain experience after sugery.
Key words: spinal surgery, preoperative pain education, pain experience.
