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台灣投資人過度自信與績效相關之研究 黃麗錚、鄭華清

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台灣投資人過度自信與績效相關之研究 黃麗錚、鄭華清

E-mail: 9416156@mail.dyu.edu.tw

摘 要

  傳統行為財務以效率市場假設投資人無法有過去資訊獲得額外報酬,但八零年代陸續發現與假設不同的現象,為解釋 此種異常現象,學者借助其他領域企圖解釋,其中一派即是由認知心理學角度解釋此種異常現象,稱為行為財務學派。  

 過度自信是行為財務學派解釋研究的異常報酬的要素之一,本研究參照Kim and Nofsinger(2002)研究方法,以個別投 資人為研究對象,研究1995年至2002年上市公司股票,歸納結果認為台灣投資人偏好持有價值型、高風險卻低報酬股票,

持有期間虧損並且購買過去輸家,確定獲利才會出清、多頭時期偏好成長型股票。以上台灣投資人的行為大致符合過度自 信模式,因此推論台灣投資人有過度自信。

關鍵詞 : 過度自信 ; 個別投資人

目錄

封面內頁 簽名頁 授權書 iii 中文摘要 iv 英文摘要 vi 誌謝 vii 目 錄 viii 圖目錄 x 表目錄 xi 第一章 緒論 1 1.1研究背景及動機 1 1.2研究目的 4 1.3研究內容與架構 5 1.4研究貢獻 6 1.5研究限制 7 第二章文獻探討 8 2.1 過度自信 8 2.2行為財務的引用 9 2.3 國內文獻 17 第三章研究方法 20 3.1資料來源及研究期間 20 3.2變數定義 21 3.2.1報酬率(return) 22 3.2.2波動性(volatility

) 22 3.2.3 β係數(beta) 23 3.2.4市場資本額(market capitalization) 23 3.2.5帳面市值比(book-to-market ratio) 23 3.2.6交易 量(trading volume) 24 3.2.7異常報酬率(abnormal return) 24 3.2.8多頭(bull market) 25 3.2.9空頭(bear market) 25 3.3研 究架構 25 3.3.1個人持股數分析 26 3.3.2異常報酬分析 27 3.3.3多頭與空頭比較分析 29 第四章 實證結果 33 4.1個人持股數分 析 33 4.2異常報酬分析 34 4.3多頭與空頭比較分析 39 第五章 結論與建議 46 5.1結論 46 5.2建議 48 參考文獻 49

參考文獻

一、中文部分 1. 李香瑩,散戶交易行為與投資績效,私立輔仁大學金融研究所碩士論文,2001年8月。 2. 陳虹霖,國內共同基金投資人 過度自信行為之研究,國立台灣大學財務金融研究所論文,2001年8月。 3. 秦煥之,投資人過度自信與自信不足對證券市場價格影響之 研究,私立實踐大學企業管理研究所論文,2002年8月。 4. 郭齡鞠,認知心理學在財務學術的應用,貨幣觀測與信用評等,2003年七月 刊P2~14。 5. 龔怡霖,行為財務學:文獻回顧與展望,國立中央大學財務管理所碩士論文,2001年8月。 二、英文部分 1. Barber, Brad M., and Terrance Odern, (1999), The courage of misguided convictions, Financial Analysts Journal, Vol. 55, pp. 41-57. 2. Barber, Brad M., and Terrance Odern, (1999), Online investor:do the slow die first, The Review of Financial Studies. New York: 2002. Vol. 15, pp. 455. 3. Barber, Brad M., and Terrance Odern,(2000), Too many cooks spoil the profit : the performance of investment clubs, Financial Analyst Journal, pp17-25. 4. Barber, Brad M., Terrance Odern, and Lu Zheng(2000), The behavior of mutual fund investors, working paper, Graduate School of Management. 5. Daniel, Kent D., David Hirshleifer, and Avanidhar Subrahmanyam(1998), Investor psychology and security market under- and overreactions, The Journal of Finance, Vol 53, pp1839-1885. 6. Daniel, Kent D., David Hirshleifer, and Avanidhar Subrahmanyam(2001), Overconfidence, arbitrage, and equilibrium asset pricing, The Journal of Finance, Vol 51, pp921-965. 7. DeBondt, Werner F. M., and Richard Thaler (1985), Does the stock market overreact?, Journal of Finance, Vol.40, pp.793-905. 8. De Long, J. Bradford, Andrei Shleifer, Lawrence Summers, and Robert J. Waldmann, (1999a), Noise trader risk in financial markets, Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 15, pp703-738. 9. De Long, J. Bradford, Andrei Shleifer, Lawrence Summers, and Robert J. Waldmann, (1999b), Positive feedback investment strategies and destabilizing rational speculation, Journal of Finance, Vol.45, pp375-395. 10. De Long, J. Bradford, Andrei Shleifer, Lawrence Summers, and Robert J. Waldmann, (1991), The survival of noise traders in financial markets, Journal of Business, Vol.64, pp557-581. 11. Kim, Kennth A.

and John R. Nofsinger (2002), The behavior and individual investors in Japan, The journal of finance, p52-95. 12. Kahneman, D. and Mark W. Riepe(1998), Aspects of investor psychology, Journal of Portfolio Management, Vol. 24, pp52-65. 13. Gervais, S., and T. Odean(1999), Learning to be Overconfidence, Working paper, Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania. 14. Stumpp, James Scott, Mark and Peter Xu

(1999), Behavioral bias, valuation, and active management, Financial Analysts Journal, Vol. 55, pp49-57. 15. Odern, Terrance(1998), Volume, volatility, price, and profit when all traders are above average, The Journal of Finance, Vol. 53, pp1887-1935. 16. Odern, Terrance

(1998), Are investors reluctant to realize their losses?, The Journal of Finance, Vol.53, pp1775-1798. 17. Odern, Terrance(1999), Do investor trade too much, American Economic Review, Vol.89, pp1279-1298.

參考文獻

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