fera, Hexacladiurn and Arficulospora. In Curucispora ponapensis Matsushima (1981), the branches form a pleurogenous dichotomy. In
C.
ombrogena Ando & Tubaki (1984) there is also a dichotomy, although it is at the apex of the main axis, followed by the appearance of a further branch laterally on the first element. In Isfhmofricladia Matsushima (1971) the conidial branches are clearly apical and arranged coronately. Enanfiop- tera Descals (Descals & Webster, 1983) and Hexacladium Olivier (1983) typically have two pairs of lateral branches, but these are also pleurogenous. Hexacladium, moreover, occurs on pollen. Articulospora ozeensis Matsushima (1975) has much smaller conidia with a short axis and one apical and two subacrogenous branches. Finally, the clampless supposed monokaryon of Taeniospora descalsii Marvanovi & Stalpers (1987), isolated from a Canadian stream by Marvanovd & Baerlocher (in press) has cruciate, considerably smaller, uniseptate conidia with mostly subopposite sequentialREFERENCES
ANDO, K. & TUBAKI, K. (1984). Some undescribed hyphomycetes in the rain drops from intact leaf surface. Transactions of the Mycological Society of Japan 25, 21-37.
DESCALS, E. & WEBSTER,
1.
(1983). Four new staurosporous hyphomycetes from mountain streams. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 80, 67-75.DYKO, B. J. (1978). New aquatic and waterborne hyphomycetes from the Southern Appalachian mountains in the United States. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 70, 409-416. MARVANOVA, L. (1986). Three new hyphomycetes from foam.
Transactions of the British Mycological Society 87, 617-625. MARVANOVA, L. & STALPERS, J. A. (1987). The genus Taeniospora
and its teleomorphs. Transactions of the British Mycological Society
89, 489-498.
MARVANOVA, L. & BARLOCHER, F. (1989). Hyphomycetes from Canadian streams. I. Basidiomycetous anamorphs. Mycotaxon (In the press).
branches. MATSUSHIMA, T. (1971). Some interesting Fungi Imperfecti. In
Mycological Reports from New Guinea and the Solomon Islands 7 (ed. We wish to thank Dr
L.
Marvanovi (CCM) for kindly Y. Kobayasi). Bulletin of the National Science Museum, Tokyo 14,correcting this manuscript. 460-480.
MATSUSHIMA, T. (1975). Icones Microfungorum a Matsushima lectorurn. Kobe, Japan: published by the author.
MATSUSHIMA, T. (1981). Matsushima Mycological Memoirs 2. Kobe, Japan: published by the author.
NILSSON, S. (1964). Studies on freshwater hyphomycetes. Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis 37, 3-13.
OLIVIER, D. L. (1983). Phyllosphere fungi which capture wind-bome pollen grains. 11. Hexacladium corynephorum gen. et sp. nov. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 80, 237-245.
Two new species of
Dictyosporium
from Taiwan
S. S. TZEAN A N D
J.
L.
CHENDepartment of Plant Pathology and Entomology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C. 10746 Two new species of Dictyosporium from Taiwan. Mycological Research 92 (4): 497-502 (1989).
Dictyosporium bulbosum sp. nov. and D. verrucosum sp. nov. are described, illustrated and compared with other Dictyosporium species of similar conidial morpholgy.
Key words: Dictyosporium bulbosum, Dictyosporiurn verrucosum, New species, Cheiroid conidia. Dictyosporium was erected by Corda in 1836 to accommodate
a single species,
D.
elegans, which is characterized by cheiroid conidia (Ellis, 1971). Damon (1952) studied and compared the types in Dicfyosporium, Speira and Caffanea, and provided a key to Dictyosporium, including seven accepted species. Sutton (1985) published a note with brief discussion on some deuteromycete genera with cheiroid or digitate brown conidia. Dictyosporium awfraliense was erected as a new species, andD.
subramanianii sp. nov. was proposed for the invalidly publishedD.
infermedium Subram, andD,
circinafum Cke & Harkn. was transferred to Helicorhoidion. An additional new species,D.
gauntii Bhat & Sutton (1985), was described, and brought the total in Dictyosporium to 21 (Batista et al., 1960;Batista & Farr, 1960; Ellis, 1971; Gareth Jones, 1963; Kirk & Spooner, 1983; Saccardo, 1918; Matsushima, 1975, 1980, 1981; Subramanian, 1971; Van Emden, 1975).
In surveying Hyphomycetes from Taiwan, many new or interesting species have been recovered from fallen, decaying stems or leaves, and two of them are congeneric with Dicfyosporium, but with morphological characteristics which differ from any documented species.
Dictyosporium verrucosum Tzean & Chen, sp. nov. (Figs 1-6) Coloniae punctiformes, dispersae, pulveraceae oleae ad oleas brunneas reversae in pallidis luteis ad obscure oleas umbras. Mycelium (2-5.2
Short Communications
Fig. 1. Dictyosporium verrucosum, conidiophores, conidiogenous cells and conidia.
n
pm) maximarn partem immersum, ramosum, septatum, subinde turma
3-5 anastomosis, faciens funiculus structura, subhyalinum. Conidio- phorum portatum directe super mycelio, solitarium vel aggregatum ad caespitosum, faciens sporodochium, hyalinum ad pallidurn bmnneum, laeve, crasso-paries, usque ad 1.7 Urn, micro-, semi-, macronematoideum, mononematoideum, flexuosum, simplex vel irregulariter ramosum, 4-12 x 2.4-5 pm. Cellulae conidiogenae, in conidiophoris incorporatae vel discretae, acropleurogenae, cylin- dricae, doliiformes vel sphaeroideae, pallide brunneae ad brunneae, laeves, 3.5-13 x 3.1-5.8 pm. Conidia holoblastica, solitaria, exsiccata, acrogena vel pleurogena, pallide bmnnea ad oleam bmnneam,
14-22 x 10-18 pm, coalita cellulae basalis truncatae, 2.8-5.2 pm lata, quae 2-3 (maximam partem 3) verticalis, stricta vel leviter brachium anrum oriens, parallele adpressa simul et complanata in una plana. Brachia valde vermcosa
v3
apicis, 0-3 septata, 4.6-5.4 pm lata, constantia 6-9 cellulae.Holotypus in caulis emortuis, Tsubeu forestry recreation area, Taitung, Taiwan, 30 Mar. 1987, PPHI.
Colonies punctiform, scattered, powdery olive to olive brown, reverse in pale yellow to dull olive shade. Mycelium
(2-5.2 pm) mostly immersed, branched, septate, occasionally groups of 3-5 anastomosed, forming a funicular structure, subhyaline. Conidiophores borne directly o n the mycelium, solitary or aggregated t o caespitose, forming sporodochia, hyaline t o pale brown, smooth, thick-walled, up to 1.7 pm, micro-, semi-, macronematous, mononematous, flexuous, simple or irregularly branched, 4-12 x 2.4-5 vm. Conidio- genow cells integrated or discrete, acropleurogenous, cylin- drical, doliiform, or sphaeroid, pale brown to brown, smooth,
Figs 2-6. Morphology of Dictyosporium venucosum. Fig. 2. Conidia initiated from doliiform conidiogenous cells. Fig. 3. Simple or branched conidiophores with conidia arising from hyphal bundles. Fig. 4. Crooked conidiogenous cells bearing an almost mature conidium and a newly initiated one. Fig. 5. Conidia with distinctive verrucose cells. Fig. 6. Composite of cheiroid conidia. Bars = 10 urn.
genous or pleurogenous, pale brown to olive brown, Specimens examined: on fallen stem, Tsubeu forestry recreation area, 14-22 x 10-18 pm, composed of a truncate basal cell, 2.8-5.2 Taitung, Taiwan, 30 Mar. 1987. Holotype PPHI, iso-type PPHIE, Prn wide, on which 1-3 (mostly 3) vertical, straight or slightly deposited in Department of Plant Pathology and En~omology,
curved
arms arise, parallel and appressed together, fldttened in National Taiwan University, Taipei, Talwan, R.O.C., also depositedone plane, markedly verrucose at
;-;
of the apex, 0-3 in Culture Collection and Research Center (CCRC). Hsinchu, Taiwan, septate, 4.6-5.4 wrn wide, consisting of 6-9 cells. R.O.C.Short Communications
Fig. 7. Dictyosporium bulbosum, conidiophores, conidiogenous cells and conidia
Dictyosporium bulbosum Tzean & Chen, sp. nov. tenuis prime sphaerica, posteaescens obovoidea, 11-28 x 10-19 pm. (Figs 7-11) Appendex maximam partem 0 vel 2; subinde 1 vel 3.
Coloniae ehsae, zonatae constantes punitatae ad pulveraceae sporodochia, sporodochium usque ad ca 886 pm diam, atroviridis. Mycelium maximam partem immersurn, 2-6 pm latum, ramosum, septatum, incolor, subhyalinum ad dilutum viride. Conidiophorum micro- vel macronematoideum, mononematoideum, flexuosum, irregulariter ramosum, hyalinum, dilutum viride vel dilute brunneum, laeve. Cellulae conidiogenae in conidiophoris incorporatae, determin- atae, terminales vel intercalares, cylindraceae, sigmoideae, reniformes, obovoideae, pyriformes, obpyrifonnes, subsphaericae vel sphaericae, hyalinae ad dilutae. Conidia 12-48 cellulae disposita in 2-6 serietibus, jecta in una plana, olea brunnea, 26.9-46 x 11.1-30 pm. Cellula apicalis exteriorum serietum instructa hyalina, appendix parietis
Holotypus in caulis emortius, Wulai, Taipei, Taiwan, 4 Mar. 1987, PPH2.
Colonies effuse, with zonation consisting of punctate to
powdery sporodochia up to ca 886 ym diam, dark green. Mycelium mostly immersed, 2-6 pm wide, branched, septate, colourless, subhyaline to pale green. Conidiophores micro- or
macronematous, mononematous, flexuous, irregularly branched, hyaline, pale green or pale brown, smooth.
Conidiogenotls cells integrated, determinate, terminal or in-
.uti
0 1
= smg
'I ~J
Short Communications
R.O.C., also deposited in Culture Collection and Research Center REFER EN CES (CCRC), Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Among the 21 accepted species in Dictyosporium,
D.
alafum Van Emden is the only species in which the apical cell of the outer rows of the conidia one ornamented with hyaline, thin- walled, allantoid appendages. Later, these become considerably swollen and contain crystalline material (Van Emden, 1975).Dictyosporum bulbosum is the second species with appendages,
but they are mostly obovoid or bulbous, thin-walled and hyaline. The development of conidial appendages in D. alatum and
D.
bulbosum is similar but the final appearance is strikingly - -different. Conidiogenous cells and conidia in these two species also differ in shape and size.
Dictyosporium verrucosum is characterized by distinct
features, such as conidia being composed of 3 short, stout, arms (rarely 2); cells of the arms are thick-walled, and conspicuously verrucose at the apex; the number of cells in each conidium is very low, consisting of only 6-9 (mostly 7), contrast to most other Dictyosporium species. All these features of
D.
verrucosum distinguish it from other describedDictysporium species.
The authors are grateful to T. Matsushima for his invaluable comments on taxa of currently described Dictyosporium species, and also thank Dr
J.
C. Liao for preparation of the Latin diagnosis. The research was supported by a grant NSC- 0409-B002-14 from the National Science Council,R.O.C.,
for which the authors are indebted.BATISTA, A. C., BEZERRA, J. L., DE SIQUEIRA, M. W. & PERES, G. E. P. (1960). Benekea n. gen. e outros fungos imperfeitos. Universidade do Recife, lnstifuto de Micologia Publicacio 299, 24-25. BATISTA, A. C. & FARR, M. L. (1960). Algumas espCcies de
Dicfyosporium e Podosporium (1). Universidade do Recife, Instituto de Micologia Publicacio 199, 103-104.
BHAT, D. J. & SUTTON, B. C. (1985). New and interesting Hyphomycetes from Ethiopia. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 85, 107-122.
DAMON, S. C. (1952). Type studies in Dictyosporium, Speira, and Cattanea. Lloydia 15, 110-124.
ELLIS, M. B. (1971). Dematiaceous Hyphomycetes. Kew, England: CAB International Mycological Institute.
GARETH JONES, E. B. (1963). Marine fungi. 11. Ascomycetes and Deuteromycetes from submerged wood and drift spartina. Transactions of fhe British Mycological Sociefy 46, 135-144. KIRK, P. M. & SPOONER, B. M. (1983). An account of the fungi of
Arran, Gigha and Kintyre. Kew Bulletin 38, 503-597.
MATSUSHIMA, T. (1975). lcones Microfungorum a Matsushima
Lectorum. Kobe, Japan: published by the author.
MATSUSHIMA, T. (1980). Saprophytic Microfungi from Taiwan. Part I. Hyphomycetes. Matsushima Mycological Memoirs 1, 1-82. MATSUSHIMA, T. (1981). Matsushima Mycological Memoirs 2,
1-68.
SACCARDO, P. A. (1918). Notae Mycologicae 1. Fungi Singa- porensis Bakgiana 11. Fungi Abellinensis Novi. Bollefiino dellorto botanic0 Napoli 6, 72.
SUTTON, B. C. (1985). Notes on some deuteromycete genera with cheiroid or digitate brown conidia. Proceedings of the fndian Academy of Sciences (Plant Science) 94, 229-244.
SUBRAMANIAN, C. V. (1971). Hyphomycetes. New Delhi, India: Indian Council of Agricultural Research.
VAN EMDEN, J. H. (1975). Three new fungi from Surinam soil. Acta Botanica Neerlandica 24, 193-197.
Gilmaniella multiporosa,
a new dematiaceous hyphomycete
from
Egyptian soils
A. F. MOUSTAFA AND
E.
K. EZZ-ELDINDepartment of Botany, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
Gilmaniella multiporosa, a new dematiaceous hyphomycete from Egyptian soils. Mycological Research 92 (4): 502-505 (1989).
Gilmaniella multiporosa, a new species of dark-coloured hyphomycetes, isolated from salt marsh soil in Egypt, is illustrated and described. It produces conidia with 2-3 conspicuous germ pores.
Key words: Gilmaniella multiporosa, Soil fungi, Halophytes, New species.
During an ecological study of the fungal flora inhabiting the Gilmaniella multiporosa Moustafa & Ezz-Eldin, sp. nov.
salt marsh ecosystem in North Sinai, Egypt, an interesting (Figs 1-3)
species of Gilmaniella was recorded several times. The most Coloniae in agaro PDA dict. 26 celeriter crescunt, post 7 dies ad 7 cm distinctive feature of this isolate is the production of conidia diam, laxe intricaiae, velutinae, 2-3 mm altae, primurn with gem pores, a character which has been cinerascens-olivaceiformes, margine angusta alba circumdatae. Hyphae reporfed previousl~ for the genus. It is formally described as a"ae hyalinae, deinde dilute pigmentatae laeves, septis crassis, a new species and compared with four species already known. obscuris divisae. Cellulae conidiogenae laterales orthotropicae vel A key to accepted species is provided. intercalares e cellulis haud differentiatis oriuntur, hyalinae, deinde
