臺灣之大學僑生、社會網絡與幸福感之研究 - 政大學術集成
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(8) Abstract This study is aimed to investigate and understand the social network and sense of happiness of overseas Chinese students in Taiwan, as well as to analyze the differences among students from different backgrounds, such as gender, grade and nationality. A sample of 797 overseas Chinese students completed an online questionnaire assessing social networks, social support and happiness. Data was analyzed by descriptive statistics, ANOVA, repeated measures and Multiple Regression. Main results are as followings: (1)Size of social networks of students from Hong Kong and Macau are smaller than. 政 治 大 other countries, males立 reported bigger size of social networks than females. those from Malaysia and other countries. For those students from Malaysia and. ‧ 國. significant.. 學. Besides, 3-way interaction among nationality, gender and grade was also. ‧. (2)Strength of social connection was weaker for those students from Hong Kong and. sit. y. Nat. Macau than those from other countries.. io. al. n. family.. er. (3)Among different sources of social supports, the main source is the support from. Ch. i n U. v. (4)Among different types of social supports, the most important type is emotional support.. engchi. (5)The sense of happiness of those overseas students changed with grades, which showed that freshmen were happier than seniors. (6)Social connection positively predicted happiness. (7)Different sources of social supports from friends, family, and teachers can all positively predict happiness. (8)Different types of social supports can all predict happiness. However, emotional support served as the strongest positive predictor. Keywords: overseas students, social networks, social support, happiness.
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(41) Q6· \ŠŴġ ƼǍƺ& ɠɟŭʎęϠ¥ԫӹ6yBgȃҹɛǟûԬuˬ¥Ժԫӹ6ԬƪóøC6 ƈƓȿǴԋdԺŪ@ħƈƓȿǴóøȥOAԺɄÕ-ӹȿENJŶŪ¡đȿǴɋ èyBguƯԐg6Ծ gɎɤgԿ̻ɤȃ&ɤgŮšԺÓƈƓȿǴOȴ* ȟOAԭŭʎęԺ2014aԮԾ̴̈uGɆ*Ї́Ɏ gԺϑčˈċè uӹ6Ծ. ƾǍĠaŵ. 立. 政 治 大. ɳ!²ͰƪʃÀ1ƈĈ=͢²ͰԭϘΌ6Ժ2013ԮԺÓĊ҅. ‧ 國. 學. ņЭɳ!ǖčԺ͢ĊŁAȃɳ!͢ԭUmberson, Chen, House, Hopkins, &. ‧. Slaten, 1996ԮԾ. sit. y. Nat. v̴̈¢Ȝýuɳ!²Ͱ*ɠɟҳ̝ZԿҼΗԭ1984Ԯ¢śCɳ!². al. er. io. ͰuĈϒŀÄԺņЭψʌɳ!²ͰĈϒÄԿȞΆÄAȃ²Ͱƍ+ԭɳ!LJŏԮ Ժ. v. n. Ä̴šΡĿýÊԺȜýɳ!²ͰĈϒÄԭ̴̈<Ðɳ!²Ͱˬ. Ch. engchi. i n U. ʧԿɳ!²ͰƀÄԮ³ȞΆÄԭ̴̈<ÐȞΆĜöԺʼnӹ6³ԥ ̇lȏ̗ԮԼAő̪ԭ2015Ԯ¢ΡĿɳ!LJŏýÊԺȜý²Ͱƍ+Ծː5 ˈýÊ*̴̈uςȜþȭԺɄͣGӹ6àȜýԾ. ÈǍ> ɏԦԝ³ʳҔ͋ԭ2008Ԯſ*ψʌįĢk˚0ԺĔņЭ'͝¥ԿʢF ҇ԿDΒ̸ŠԿ2ȲɖȃgģLϒԾv Bryant ³ Veroffԭ1982Ԯɶś CįĢkÅԱ́ĘRkǩkçԺņ̛G6nŠ\ĘöԾ. . .
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(43) Q· ŢŕJbËƵ ƼǍŢŕJ ̴̈ɴČɱÃÍǥɇàϮ>ϹuøԺɄαQáξǃLjûà̴̈Ծ̴ ̈šαQő̪ԭ2015Ԯԫɳ!LJŏýÊԬԿLu ³ Shihԭ1997Ԯԫ&BįĢ kýÊԬ³'ΡĿuԫɳ!²ͰýÊԬ*̴̈þȭԾAƠáξƻǃLj Ї́. ÿȰǧuӹ6ԺψʌЇ́ȔɀÔɥu. ĢkuRəԾÓVQȼŇ>Ϲûψʌ. ÿȰǧӹ6ɳ!²Ͱ³į. ÿȰǧӹ6ɳ!²Ͱ³įĢkuc̦Ժ. 政 治 大. ȃɳ!²ͰGįĢkʨȜ̊ǕԾ. 立. ‧ 國. 學. ƾǍŢŕËƵ. ‧. ̴̈ü̴ƫӓ4>*ǾǞԿ¦ςԿǥɇĽ½³ÇLğмǓԾ̴̈uŦ. y. sit. n. al. er. io. ԿǾǞмǓ. Nat. мǓþĊŁ3w,Ի. ԭԮԉɱϮ. Ch. engchi. i n U. ̴̈*Ѳ¥ĘF̴̈āԺƭː5ƺҌԉɱ. v. ýϮԺùź͛Ū. ?ǥɇћԉɱÍѳŝȔɀԿӹ6Կɳ!²ͰԿɳ!LJŏԿįĢkÃÍ ǥɇԾ ԭ»Ԯˀ¥̴̈ā ϽɎFȼǖϮVԺǖ½̴̈Ę҅Ժ³ƪɛŭУɁʌƄԺˀ¥ ̴̈āԺÇLɿѾ̚ϒԾ. . .
(44) ԭ\ԮѲ¥̴̈Ňˮ ɗɟϮψʌĊŁԺÞƪɛŭУaϼȊ˂ŪɁʌƄƻԺõ¥̴̈Ɵ Կáā³ǪǢԿ̴̈ûFÒȠԾ »Կ¦ςмǓ ̴̈ɗɟÃÍϮ>ϹVԺġȶǫQuáξԺɄAЇ́u. ÿȰǧӹ6. *GɆԺAƠěǏƻϪÞçÚšѨʩԺɄҹAŗξɑıԺAśzáξyČ̗Ժ ʨŇ®ʥxŽ˄̎Ծ. 立. \ԿǥɇĽ½. 政 治 大. ‧ 國. 學. áξyČVԺƭmӬġԺɲC^DžáξԺhVàǥɇΡƃԺōQ IBM SPSS. y. sit. n. al. er. io. ğԿÇLмǓ. Nat. uɗɟԾ. ‧. ȼŇ˻ÙàǥɇĽ½>ϹԺ>ϹĈ|À*̴̈ƄğĕȃŘĕӽƬ. Ch. engchi. ԭԮǥɇ>ϹʌƄ³ӽƬ̴̈Ƅ. i n U. v. ɠɟǥɇ>ϹĈ|àʌƄԺɄG̴̈Ĉ|C̼ϔԺ³ÃÍϮà ÆɐԺśCȭÙÄȊ˂ԺAÇLƄʓғԾ ԭ»ԮÇLƄ ̴̈š³ƪɛŭУʌƄɄ°AɃÅĊŁԺÇLÅƻƄԾ. . .
(45) ˀ¥̴̈āȃĘ Ϯԉɱ³>Ϲ . ǾǞмǓ. . ɃƗɄΡʔáξ. . ƄŇˮѕLj. 立. 政 治 大 ΡĿÅƻáξ. ‧ 國. 學. ͤмǓ. H®ÅƻԱʨÚáξ. ӽƬ̴̈Ƅ. n. al. er. io. sit. y. Nat ÇLмǓ. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. gĄƄĚÚ ÇL̴̈Ƅ. ù ̴̈Ƞˍ̚ϒù. . ‧. ǥɇǖ½³>Ϲ. . .
(46) Q«· ŢŕŶĜbā£ ƼǍŢŕŶĜ Կ̴̈GɆ ̴̈ü̴GɆ˘ƪІ¢. ÿȰǧƔğOřȃχΙӹ6Ծ. »Կ̴̈dzτ ̴̈ü̴dzτ*Ї́Ծ. 立. \Կ̴̈û³ĊŁ. 政 治 大. ‧ 國. 學. ̴̈αQ²äáξƻàǃLjԺ̴̈šː5ȞΆŦǧӹ6ҹɛĶԺ. ‧. ΦȹH®áξƈĈӹ6²ͰɾʕԺŪĠ˶gǧ²ǠԺż{X. gӹ6'Ɩ. io. al. n. ƾǍŢŕā£. er. ţÜψʌӹ6ɳ!²Ͱ³įĢkuc̦ȃɯ̀RəԾ. sit. y. Nat. àáξѨʩԾ̴̈ĊŁԺ>ϹBҋԿOřȃĶ\oȔɀÔɥԺɄ. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. ̴̈5Ƞ&Ժԡ0Կ+Կ̴̈Ɍʉuoo±ʝԺvCcÃÍ̴̈ȴ Ŀw,Ի Կ̴̈GɆȴĿ ̴̈œQƠáξƻѨʩԺǎÓƒż{³'ġȶŀÄԺvɛʞɑp GɆę>̾ɯԾɠɟDžáξ>ǯRəԺÏiÆϫɄƒě̪Ժɐ%*iÄ çÚšԺvŦEdzpŕýp>ǯ̪ԺAưęѨʩšȿ%ԺñęEdz pɐîԺœpŬÊÄçȴĿԾ̴̈ɗɟɞѨŪ3Ь*ɁКɴ Ż . .
(47) ^DžáξԺ хyČáξʗ>uŕýԺ¿ƠѨʩɐ^ûĤĖ͐çÚšѨ ʩ̦̊ԺÓ*ǢƠáξȴĿuԾ »Կ̴̈ûȴĿ ±PαÕáξǃLjûԺv;0àοʦԺAfӲŃǴg6ɳ!²Ͱ ĈϒԿ2½̊ǕFŀƀԺψʌCáξͱɩAø͢ĂԺ±ĦԺÓ̴̈Ĉ|P +ǜЕʬęc̦Ծ \Կ̴̈þȭȴĿ. 立. 政 治 大. Ѩʩáξ0Ɩӹ6*ǩÄuȀϯԺūçÓſrԿRͪŪŚǸ. ‧ 國. 學. ǩǩ±ʝ¢ĻʺԺɛʞCcѨʩ¦RəԺœáξĊŁDžö±Ħvç. ‧. ĻʺԺ̴̈Ĉ|^ûΕǒCcȜý̾ɯcɆԾ. sit. y. Nat. ɴĦuøԺ̴̈±0ԿLǵýԺ;0œQ͉áξԺɛʞĩ. er. io. œQɳƏěǏuӹ6^û0 ϔÜ̴̈Ծv̴̈ŖɴѨƬáξuӹ6Ó. n. al. i n U. v. ²ͰœQɐȏϸԺʢ²ͰȞΆÄɐzԺ³LĮ̇lɐ˾ƽԺ±ĦԺ˲ĭʻA. Ch. engchi. ż{ɑpFƠáξǃLjƻԺ^ûͣGІǫĔ˺Կʢ̇lÃG nѸuӹ6àţÜӲŃԺvѨʩšŀƀԿɳƏĜ̯!Ļʺɳ!²Ͱə ǕȃʕLԺ@ťDzL̴̈Ĉ|uΞɯԾ . . . .
(48) Qf RƔƊī ĕɁ>*ğŷԺŷ*̀EĵgȔɀu. gӹ6Լ»ŷ*įĢkԼ. \ŷ*ɳ!²ͰԼğŷ*ɳ!²Ͱ³įĢkü̴Ծ. Q · Ť-<òĈC<ƺ& ŷƭ3Ɵӹ6ІuȍƕԺ0ψʌӹ6Ǵg0ԺGɌʉԿ ŝ³ɳ!ỒԺ¢4+͈ǫĔáāԺAĦéCɳ!²ͰG̀Eĵgӹ6 uÐÄԾ. 立. ƼǍƺ&. 政 治 大. ‧ 國. 學. ż<͖Hɓ³BʢĻʺЎͶĜԺBĊƚȩ¼zŭʎBʢŝԺA˪. ‧. Čf%Bʢg6*ƟȘԾhvԺɠɟȼŇǥɇɨƿԺ'ÌЇ́ 1951 O¼. y. n. al. er. %ŕԺvǖÙӹ6uŕýȈAʲʐƶȥ÷»BDԭŭʎęȼ. io. âˉȃ̧˃х. ϝ°ԺƟɎӹ6A̲ѢԿǨ. sit. Nat. ӹ6ŭʎʄΔ=Ժӹ6Іuŕ. Ch. i n U. v. ŇĽԺ2016ԮԾĦHɓĈ|ÀȹàgɼƏÒԺ0°BʢфʶԺʞœ. engchi. BƚȩĿ¥ŦoӹŭʄΔԺAΠǣf%óøƯԐԺδàЇ́Eŝó øχƓł˱³HϜԭŭʎęԺ2014bԮԾ±ĦԺʄ͏ƷĉдƖԫӹ6yBgȃ ҹɛǟûԬu¼lԺˇʴf%ӹ6ІŹgԺgƦÿģ+³gɼr+ԺœІ guӹ6ԺЯyӹȿEVЧCÊcԾ. ƾǍŤ-<ƺ&Cã{ GǴg6vǻԺCBǴgʠŰΣȔѶԺfɫĖȧɝŠɲŲ5 ȠԺ±Ɛ˿ŰJʯϟŝԺ7ĴgƦǫĔ)ɌʉŝʏáāԭBerry, . .
(49) 2006ԮԺÓ&sAƹǻԿgģԿʢ͢FĸŎ*Ǵg6ʏ˚ԭMori, 2000ԮԺÐ)ǫĔ5Ƞ&ԺŪ¡đĽĦoʏRʉ&Ժ!ɛʞǴg6Nj 6ˣЀԿТΚFФ͟RͪԭLee, Koeske, & Sales, 2004ԮԾ ȋģǫĔԺϭԀ͋ԭ2012ԮśC. ę>ӹ6źƬƮÙ*ǼÙƮԺ. ϽɎ³źƬ5Ƞ&Ĵf%0ƆǵƮÙĐǮԺ0ÓɿѾgʊ+ (ǦӸ¦ԺϽɎǔöɐǺԺĴϥø%ߪ0àʨƦԿˊ̭½Ń+Ժ єĦԺ̴̈š¼ϯ˲ƒœQƯƹuӹ6ԺÎƬfÀL*. ˣÉԼɴĦuøԺ. 政 治 大. %ŕӹ6ſ*'Wǿ+ԺϽɎøź0!ɨ-ђͩԺˈ·. 立. ыӹ6ȋģ4+!DZҊʂԾ. ‧ 國. 學. 6nǫĔʼvǻԺӹ6'WǙŀӹȿEŝȔɀ&L¡Ժʈp. ‧. ƯԐȁȼԺ¿ŦEŝȯïɯ̀ԺGŝĐǮԺBʢg6ǫĔRə. sit. y. Nat. (!çĻʺԾChurchԭ1982ԮʼnśCBʢg6øEǴg0Ժ¢ΚŦo6. al. er. io. nǫĔáāԺņ̛ԻԫµĐǮȧoƹǻ0¢GȋģáāԬԿԫĴʯϟ). v. n. ŭʎÙĿԬԿԫĖç³Ć>ŰԺ0РÜƆΣRʋԬԿԫѳŝ¢DZá. Ch. engchi. i n U. āԺwӲŃFǫĔ)ɌʉFµEɳ!ˬͱԬ Ծ±ŝԿƹǻ³ƦʾԺ Obergԭ1960Ԯſ*̀Eĵgg6!DZŝ˳ƥáāԺƪĪ8ɳ!& ôʯϟȘ͑FѮŒԺɛʞТΚRͪNj6Ժw Lewthwaiteԭ1996Ԯ¢ˈԺ Ù³øŝĖθ5ȠԺÊƿŰJ¢ʯϟ³ɌʉԺ¿ÍιԺƐ˿ ĖçɄĀ5ŦoáāF̨{+ȊϒC)'ԺÇLL¡5ȠԾ џǩˈԺ̀Eĵguӹ6˿GƱ%)ɌʉɲŲԺgšſ*Ժɛʞǫ Ĕѓ҃@. ô±*˴Гɳ!̇lԭChurch, 1982; Zimmermann, 1995ԮԺ±ɳ!. ̇l³ǫĔȨɨ<ÃÍԺ0̴̈ƪCԺgƦàDžЌĀFȊȅʢ͢ . .
(50) GǴg6vǻ@ÐĘԺAȃŃǘ2½ʏ@DžƻԺ±ɥƏʢ5 Ƞ+ǜЕCÓѳŝɧȠˏLƍԭHammer, Gudykunst, & Wiseman, 1978ԮԾ ˲ABDȔɀψ̈Ǵg6ǫĔáāԺAbeԿTalbot ³ Geelhoedԭ1998Ԯ ſ*ˉg6!Æ:%Bʢg6ǫĔ-ˣÉԺήƔŁūĈƏµE ÑtԺʙĀĩū³ÃȔɀHɓtтԺs Kagan ³ Cohenԭ1990Ԯſ*ƹǻ Fŝɯ̀ԺÀ°Bʢg6̀Eĵg0Ȋȅtт͢uˣÉöԼʼnƙw ĦԺǪ˲Ǵg6+˺ɳ!ƈĈԺ³µEƇÃĽkŠԺɄȊϒCŜ. 政 治 大. 'W͢²ͰԺÀȹǖÙǫĔԺvʙūϞÜgƦ5ȠԺw Gillԭ2007Ԯ. 立. A*Ȋȅ͢²ͰȹóøǴg6gƦ³ǫĔԺνÓg6GǫĔʏ. 學. ‧ 國. ʓđԺɛĶƩƩÓÐǑȹ˚Ժ±*ː5ĶȋģaϼyӆԿ½. fȵ)ƆǵԾ. ‧. U1ĽʉԺĦƚȩΎ·*Ժ!Xg6#ûÔ-fǙȅԿ'}Ժgģ. sit. y. Nat. al. er. io. v²Ͱƍ+ԺSamԭ2001ԮƪCGǴg6vǻԺ˲ĝ˙%Ñ. v. n. tԺÓG6nŠö!ÅĘĻʺԺ±*ÑtĀĩ!L*ś͠ɳ!LJŏ. Ch. engchi. i n U. ˚ԺvG̀E6n3Ժɳ!LJŏƩƩ+éLJҗQԭFurnham & Shiekh, 1991ԮԺνÓŦoĻʺ±ʝ&Ժɳ!LJŏGǴg6ǫĔĻ ʺ@*ɨ<ԭBerry, 2006ԮԺ̴̈HcԺѳŝǫĔ&Ժw|-ɳ!² Ͱ&LĮLJŏԺǴg65ҜđDZˣÉԿТΚAȃˀ¥ÄԺ"+ÌLJŏ &-ʮϛԺήƔGǴg62½³ǫĔéÅĘĻʺԺAÅĘ2½ʼv ǻԺPedersenԭ1991Ԯſ*Ǵg6µEȊȅLJŏ²Ͱ*Ɛʙ4Ū˴Լ hvԺÑt¥+ś͠DžLJŏԺśś͠š³Ėçšu͢Áƀ zȎԺ+ǘ¥ÓLJŏˏDžԭVeiel, 1985ԮԾ . .
(51) A4$Cʢ͢²ͰGӹ6uÐÄԺƄĶ¡ԿÑtԺήƔӹ6 DԺ"ÓRk³ĺŌLJŏÐ˚Ժ±ĦԺ̴̈ÀţÜӲŃӹ6І ̈́ɳ!²ͰȺǕԺņ̛ˬʧԿƍ+ԿLĮÃĽȏ̗ԺAȃ²ͰƀÄԾ. ÇǍ' Ї́˪Čӹ6ʄΔɮ¼àԺȃӹ6ŕýMΖ%uʢԺ˲Dž˪Č ŦBuӹ6ԺƕƐӲŃÓŦĴĵԺȊȅ˺gƦɌʉԾhvԺBĊȆ ę>³ӹ6ÃÍ̴̈"AǫĔáā*ԺēÌƑͣGӹ6ɳ!²Ͱà. 政 治 大. ψʌԾІɧvǻԺ̴̈šſ*ƄøɌʉǫĔԺФŪĊʼ. 立. 2½ǃǫԺG~Ą˛̙5óІӹ63Ժɳ!²ͰȊȅ"ƒĩÍι. ‧ 國. 學. Ժ¿ȹɭîʏԺ(+ǦXӹ61°ſrƺöԺŃǘІ͈¢. ‧. ˣʉԾ±ĦԺєɳ!²Ͱ³LJŏƍ+GǴg6ÐÄԺAȃÓGÙ. y. sit. n. al. er. io. ÓƐÄԾ. Nat. ÅĘ2½̊ǕuĻʺԺψʌ*Ǵg6uӹ6Іuʢ²Ͱ̦̊Ժɨ-. . Ch. engchi. . i n U. v.
(52) Qf· > ƼǍ>CSƧ ~GįĢ¥ɵ"Ժ³įĢkÃÍuϮfҭw̔óԺʼnƙƔ 21 ¾˵ԺįĢk¥ɵΛƑCcʞĈƄԾhvԺԫįĢkԬÐÄԺēÛ ÅĘ2½gąτ Ӿ¥Ժ0çѩ%ÍŧԺ±*øõG2½Ȳɖõ ¥Ժ¿ÌÅĘ2½gǩYƽÜԺʼn+ӲŃ;2½ёșŬÊ2½ȲɖԺvƐ ȭǞ·ÅĘʝԺʙP<Ð˭έRͪv ԭȂȾԺ2006ԮԺ±ĦԺ. 政 治 大. 2½įĢKŃͭ&ԺÅĘ2½géfüҕˀϓDŽԾ. 立. ‧ 國. 學. ԫįĢkԬ̱ԺƪÙɧųńŀ¥0ȷԺ¢ÊcCJ2Rͪ³k çԼ0ԺįĢkκÙG6nǖÙȀŚԺQAќˈ6nˋŠȠöԺ. ‧. ̛Эų́ȀŚԺŜRkFſrȀϯԺvįĢkƪȘņ̛ԫG. Nat. sit. y. 6nÍŧAȃƤ³ԬԿԫG6n]èH60RkǜĔԺwJ2ԿIJ2ԬԿ. n. al. er. io. ԫ6nʼŠöԺwþԿʢ͢ԿȲɖԿϕԿɵԬԭDiener,. Ch. i n U. v. 2000; Diener & Ryan, 2009ԮԼνÓԺįĢkGÙƱ%ĽԺµÙɝ>k. engchi. çįĢ0Ժ!H'Ċ2EkИзԺȹɭȎ́RͪCcԺδœf%Å ĻʺԭDiener, 2000ԮԺ·ÅĻʺԺņЭѥѱ1Ɔ#Կ*ԺήƔƣ ɴЄu8́RͪԺ0̞ɉ2½̘ʏ+Ժ°ÙG̘Шʉ ýԺÌvśŹ2½įĢkԭFredrickson, 2001ԮԾ vҙgD̉ʲſ*ԺįĢkÇ2½ʼ]ԺşįĢ̏ÃÍŔ ŏ<ϢǂИз2RFÓUÅĘԿKRͪԭHaybron, 2008ԮԺ¿ Nozick ē śCÃǜǩYԺUſ*įĢkĭʻP2½o̊ǕԺ±*:%"˒. . .
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(54) w Diener ̴̈ɨƿԺzȠöįĢk³6nŠöԺ+DžƗʹğʼԺ ņ̛ȲɖлƳԿþČÜԿɳ!͢ԺAȃɳ!DžΖԭDiener & Diener, 2009ԮԾ ±ĦԺįĢkɝŠ. ýÅĘRkԺɐî́RͪԺκ*G'W6n. ȀŚԺƄɠɟǖÙ6nŠöԭſrȀŚԮŪ2½ĻʺԭRͪǜĔԮԾ±ĦԺ įĢǩkçԺP'W+¥ɵԾ. ƾǍ' ï¢ˈԺįĢku¥ɵ*oǩkçԺ^ƄɠɟǖÙ6nŠ. 政 治 大. öԭſrȀŚԮŪ2½ĻʺԭRͪǜĔԮԭDiener & Diener, 2009ԮԺ"ɠɟ'. 立. ÙȦ8ЪɮԺvƒøơǩȘǾȀ¥ԾʈhįĢkĊ҅ƒĩƺҌԺņЭĊ. ‧ 國. 學. 2½̊ǕԿRͪԿ2½Ȳɖ³6nȀŚԺ¿ǖÙvǻԺ·ĘΛ̇. ‧. ÍȞÄԺ̴̈AǖčÄĘ$ƌÙįĢkԺ³̂ѿԭ1988ԮƪC. y. sit. n. al. er. io. ѽϓDŽԾ. Nat. 6nŠuǺĘRͪԺÃuĽԺ±ĦԺ̴̈uįĢk*ǖÙÄԺ^û>. i n U. v. ʰƨ~GįĢk¥ɵ³ȘǾõӗ̅>ӱԺ¿ыʞÄſ*įĢk. Ch. engchi. ņ̛K³ÅĘRkԺA,À&B³âҙgǩYψʌįĢkuɵԾ ԭԮ&BįĢǩ ԄDįĢǩvǻԺԫʍÄԬҤ*ʌƄ;2ԺĀź&ɶśԫˡɣ ˓Ժ¢/(Լ̵?/ĵԺvʪѝšԺǙń2ӪԽEƔ˓Ɣ/4ĵ v̀ʪͲšԺ¹Ó. vƝÓ9ԆʟԾ¹Ó. ɶ2ΌԺ2Όɶ^ȈԼ^ȈԺɶ. ɣ˓ѝϚԺĽu(ԬԺYCĔijȤұ£ƜԺPʿĵĒƀɣӳԺ_ ʍ6&Æ·fÐԿfŚǸԺƁ;£ҀˢɣԺ2e(!Ώ¦į . .
(55) ĢkԺ±*ǐʍÄĢ¤˯͈Ծ±ĦԺ4r_ʍɃǣįĢN ӼԺ6˲Ʒĉ-įĢԺƐ˿5_ʍ¦ҨԾо?DZ¹ˤ?̵y0Ȃ3_Ի ԫҞӪԹy(ԾԤƎԺԃ̬ԺөӖԾшÓԺy(ƗÓԾҞӪԹ y(ԾԬԺо?ʃЮ̵y*ҞʍuԺʰƨ6nλˣԺē*ĦkЋԾ oĊзAøĒƀċèʘҾvљɭԭɏǷĜԺ2009ԮԾĦŋfé CįĢZŠʉõAøĒƀ¢нýԺNÅKИзӾɿĊʍÄ ¦cԺéCԄDſ*_ʍGįĢÐÄԾ. 政 治 大. _ʍ&Ժ?śԻԫҰ¦^ƯԺîΑӈ͔ԬԿԫrȈuȈԬԿԫ9B. 立. ӈƇԬԾ4rԺ?Аɚ'huZԿҰʝƀԺAȃ;ųńΑ2ѼĉԺ. 學. ‧ 國. ԫrȈԬNÅԿNJŶŠȈԼv?½#BDԺƇ+Ǧü)^*. ‧. ʻҰɳ!,6n(!kįĢԺʙɳ!Ë¥jěԭɸӣԺ2004ԮԾ±ĦԺ ?ſ*@ĭʻįĢƔԫҰ¦6nԬԿԫ^͔ĵԬԿԫ6nrȈԬԿ. y. Nat. er. io. sit. ԫ˙ʅĔ'hu_ԬԺŵѿԭ1998Ԯ¢ǻԺ_DįĢoĊ2ěF ̊ǕԺʿĵѼĉԺA^*ĺŌʅĔ_È-įĢkçԾ. n. al. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. ɏǬЂԭ1991Ԯś͵ŭ&ԫͼԠ˷˲́̽˾%2Ԭ̛ɵԺƷĉ +ǦɮȆɬЀԿǀ͞ԿѼĉ̮͟RͪԺ@Vƾ^^Κȩ¾õԺǎ nc¦&ԺrȈĩԺ϶ʽйƟʿĵKDŽ¬Ժ+ĒѼu2ԺҰ¦ 56nԼ2ɒʼɶ˿Ľī̊ǕԺĬŰÐѼĉŚǸǩԺɴĦuøԺG øƺĈʹȽԺȅȈҏʫ2uԾ±ĦԺ͵ŭſ*ǍĒыīԺąЁԫīԬ N½ԺɄʙAԫīԬ*16nǕöԺ+Ӝh'-ԺnNÅз u&ԺƾNÅԫįĢԬԺѮĔ̂ѿԭ1998ԮuƄˈԺįĢo2&ƾԫ^ ѼԬVԺ2ɒàÜěljʉõԺɴĜǃĊɃŏuøԺ(Ĝǃ˙6ы˿ . .
(56) ɁɷԺĦ*͵ŭNÅĺŌԾ ԭ»ԮâįĢǩ ԫįĢԬ̱ƷӉƮ˚ԺƪçʹŌ͎ɕvÈ-KԾAƷӉ\ҙG įĢ¥ɵvǻԺˉ[ȳ%ʍԫ˃ŦǨ4Χ½gԬśԺ@ťƟʿĵ EudaimoniaԺƮ Ɋҍ*ԫįĢԬԺ(ƪ'¦cԺƾƔo6Ƴ̸Š ̊ǕԺ0(o³ʍÄÃÍnlԭɏǷĜԺ2009ԮԾƞȉǂſ*Ìԫ' ԬCHԺ+Ô-ϨԿǬԺʙȭZʍԺvVr8ʘÌʹAÈ-įĢԼ. 政 治 大. ҵȉùɶſ*PGԫǩDŽõԬʿĵԺ+È-NÅrȯԺƾN½ԿƔʹ. 立. uʉõԺ(PwĦ+-įĢԭ҉ԨԩԺ2010ԮԺ±ĦԺGâҙgDvǻԺ. ‧ 國. 學. įĢʿĵԫʹԬ5ȠԾ. ‧. io. sit. Ò&GįĢ̱;ˀ¥ɵԺ. er. Nat. џč&BįĢǩԺԄԿ_Կͭ\. y. ԭ\Ԯ&âįĢkuџčȀˈ. G&B¢ͅįĢӾɿƾʨǢȘǾwgáԿÁʍԿʹԺįĢk. al. n. v i n Ch !Nj6ԭ̂ѿԺ1998ԮԾЖυԭ1983Ԯſ*&Bҙg\ engchi U. ÒԺԄDԿ_. DFͭDԺɁuĽ"ɝŠзĺŌԺʈhŦ'½DŽ³Ġ"Ժ¿" øʪԫзԬxƮԺԫF҇Ԭ*з;2Ծ±ĦԺ˲+ǦąЁ\DGį ĢӒ¢Ժ+Õ-ŦDĺӯɄč*ÙԺœu+ƾįĢԿF҇ʉõԾ vâҙgDſ*Ժ6nĔijŅԫʹԬԺɝ>X'WÔ-ZʍȃǬЂ Ժv"ƷĉʿĵįĢ6nԺ±ĦÈ-įĢ*6@ťƟԾâҙgfſ *ĔijȭʍÄԺήƔſ*įĢ@ÐċèȭǞԫʍÄԬԺ˲ʍÄv6 nԺ1+-įĢԾ±ĦԺː5³&BҙgDGįĢkǩYuÆɐԺÓɁ. . .
(57) Ä*GԫʍÄԬuĜǃԿG6nrȈԿЫҬԺÓĠuôɶ*čʪ&ҧu _ԺvâҙgDɐ<ÐĊ'ȀŚԺɄĠː5¦Ҩ5ȠԺ+Ù ЁįĢԾ. ÇǍ>Ch½ ˃ͺȂ3Իԫn<ʿĵKԺȖýX'WįĢԺӅƚĊ2K± ?ԺXзNJЛ2&Ժ6@Ð]ԬԭϻԌҍԺ2013ԮԺů<į Ģ4˴îԺÓÐÄfé˙%ÍįĢǂwńNj6̴̈Ծv. 政 治 大. gšƄˈ"Ժſ*įĢkĊl{ҩœԺκſ*øɌʉ. 立. ĻʺԺɠɟ·ĘHɓCŦoÃͽƄԺvgš1. ʞ¨įĢk½Ƅ>. ‧ 國. 學. LԻԭԮĴĵŠȈƄԭNeed Satisfaction TheoryԮԿԭ»ԮŀƀƄԭTrait TheoryԮԿ. sit er. io. ԿĴĵŠȈƄ. Nat. TheoryԮԺA,ԏǼˈŦ½ƄǩYԻ. y. ‧. ԭ\ԮЪɮ½ƄԭJudgement TheoryԮԿԭğԮlěн½ƄԭDynamic Equilibrium. al. n. v i n Ch Ħ½ƄĠÙ-ŠȈԺ!-ɉ·QԺÌvNj6ÅĘRͪԺśz2 engchi U. ½įĢkԺ³2½gD Maslow Ĵĵʼq½Ƅȃ Freud ôɶÃʒĔԺà ͽƄņЭƟ½Ƅ³nl½ƄԾ Ɵ½Ƅſ*įĢkѼĉÈ-V̊ǕԺʼnŠȈĴԺ!È-KԺ Ù¨įĢkµʿ̠ƟȘԺ˲@V-įĢkԺʼnŬÊƟȘ ƾL ԭOmodei & Wearing, 1990ԮԾw Maslow ĴĵŠȈƄԺÙɷʿĵŘ ĴĵʼqԺ>¶*6½ԿËԿɳ!ԿͷÐF'¦cԺµ~ʼqĴĵ- ŠȈuVԺ!Ӡ6CįĢkçԾnl½ƄԺArgyle ĠįĢk4Aː . .
(58) 5Ƥ³þԿɢ˟ԿōlŪʢ̇l0Nj6Ժà5Ƞ!Nj6LkȃŚǸ kԺÌv-KkçԭςȊӛԿ̂ѿҍԺ1997ԮԾ »ԿŀƀƄ įĢkǩkçԺįĢȠö(!¢ɯ̀Ժw·ŀ¶Łūk J2Ժgšſ*ŀƀɯ̀DzLcɆԺwÅĘƞ³įĢku ƈĖԺνÓ Seligman ³ Csikszentmihalyiԭ2000Ԯ¢ˈԺǐÅĘԿǩ ÄԺȹéÅĘĻʺԺņЭ°K2RԿŁūґĘLƍԿδàÙȲ ɖԺAȃśŹįĢkԾ. 立. 政 治 大. ‧ 國. 學. Ħ½Ƅµ&s4dz>*Ɩv,½ƄȃƖ,v½ƄԾЖȊЈԭ2010ԮśC Ɩv,½ƄÕǘÙwń$ƌ¾]2ǕԾʼnGįĢkĻʺ. ‧. 1wńǩEŃͭø]èԺv³ơǩɌʉ;͢Ծ±ĦԺ1K. Nat. sit. y. ³ˏԺ±*øvʴ=Ժvː5'WƆƊԺġȶQńoʧƻ8$ƌ]. n. al. er. io. ĒԺ@VNj6·ÅĘkçԾĦ½ƄéCͿ¥ƞŀƀÐԺκĻʺGĭ. i n U. v. ]èŃͭԭDeneve & Cooper, 1998ԮԾvƖ,v½ƄēÃǜԺ<Ðø. Ch. engchi. ÅĘ]èH6ԺÌvĻʺGįĢkçЪɮԺw Lockeԭ1975ԮƄˈԺ2 ɒÝĠØ͉Ժː5Ȧ8яəԺvkçGø¾õơǩǜ ɺԭʴ' Feist, Bodner, Jacobs, Miles, & Tan, 1995ԮԾ±ĦԺƖ,v½Ƅſ* ø6nɌʉĻʺǖÙįĢk@ʨȜ±ʝԭFeist, Bodner, Jacobs, Miles, & Tan, 1995Ԯ ԺĈčˈx½ƄԺʼn+ǜЕCÄŀе³Ɍʉx±ʝԺ GįĢk0ĻʺÄԾ. . .
(59) \ԿЪɮ½Ƅ Ъɮ½ƄĠįĢkː5Æɐ5ȠvÈ-ԺwÆɐ&Hc'WÆ ɐԺ!kKԾ±ĦԺVeenhovenԭ1990Ԯ*Ħ½ƄśC\ǪǢԻ1.Ì Æɐ5Ƞ-įĢ 2.ÆɐȘǾ;ȴĿԺ4ųǃǖԺŪż<ɌʉÔŝ 3.ÆɐȘǾȊϒÕǘ'WԾ ɴĦuøԺĦ½Ƅs±GɆ>*ɳ!Æɐ½ƄԭSocial Comparison TheoryԮȃǫĔ½ƄԭAdaptation TheoryԮԺšҤÙ³UÆɐԺЪɮȘ. 政 治 大. ǾɗɟUƤķԺ˲'ÆɐVĈ|ÃGɐԺįĢk!ÆɐzԼ. 立. vVšÙ³'WmÆɐԺЪɮȘǾ*'W58̦̊ԺȀϯVNj6kç. ‧ 國. 學. ԭ̂ѿԺ1998ԮԾ. ‧. ğԿlěн½Ƅ. y. Nat. er. io. sit. Ħ½ƄśCįĢkÈ-¿!ç¡đͿ¥ƞ±ʝĻʺԺ0(!ç ǽđ6n]èvNj6ÔŝԭòгԺ2015ԮԾĦ½ƄѴˎŀƀƄȈԺſ. al. n. v i n Ch *įĢkPçŀƀ¢ĻʺԺͿ¥ƞ±ʝu,Ժ·ȄH]è(! engchi U ɛʞkçƗÔԾ Au½Ƅ>¶ӑͭįĢkəLŦo±ʝԺ~½ƄŦ'Ńͭʬę cɆԺ±ĦԺψʌįĢkÃÍ̴̈0Ժ!ȍʨA½ƄàǖčԺÕŦ ½ƄuǛYԾwĴĵ½ƄĠƷĉʿ̠ƟȘԺµƟȘÇL0Ժ+XÙŠȈԺ !kçK³įĢkçԼvŀƀƄɶſ*Ùƞŀƀ!Ļʺį. ĢkԺwǩ³ʫǩuÃ̀ŀƀԺ¢$]Ē(!¢ԺŜĭɐ ǩukçԼvЪɮ½Ƅ3ÌÆɐ5ȠÈ-įĢԺÙȘǾӾ¥ÌÆ . .
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(61) L 48 āuįĢkýÊԾÓĊęʞĢŕ*.95ԺȜ}ö*.66ԭ̂ѿԺ1998ԮԾ ĦýÊκȭǞÿDȃDžȘÍȞDžöԺ³ÅĘRkýÊԿ6nŠýÊÃÍ *.48 Ɣ.62ԭςȊӛԺ1995ԮԾ Ɩ̴̈¢ƪuӹ6ԺÓ̩Ůȭ&BȁȼԺ³1*oƯԺ ±ĦԺ̴̈!ġȶαQ&BįĢýÊԺɴ±*ĦȜýþȭ}Džö˺ øԺ0κǵΚƯŝ&ǫQÄԾʳ͋ԍԿ̂ѿԿЖԨԶ³ЖӏҮԭ2012Ԯ ƪCԫ&BįĢkýÊԬ*Żÿ*ƯΡʔԺʙ*gɼ̴̈š¢ſ˶ħ. 政 治 大. ƯįĢkȦȘǾŝuýÊԺƟ ƯEdz̴̈šƺҌœQԺũƚÇǖ. 立. 學. ‧ 國. }ԿDžöɋɟԾ. ƨǍ>bòĈvĚ. ‧. io. sit. g6*̴̈GɆԺƟȜýįĢk³Ä¶u͢Ժ. er. Nat. Meliha A 700 . y. ԿĶ³įĢk. Ĉ|ɋĶǩįĢk;ɨɯ̀ԭMeliha, 2006ԮԺsӻĢ. al. n. v i n Ch ˔ԭ2015ԮAІǨâˉ gӹ6*GɆԺȜýiijÏÄӹ6įĢku engchi U. ɯ̀ԺκHcÏi̪^ɨ<ɯ̀ԼhvԺ̣Ⱦ͓³΄Ҫԭ2009Ԯ̴̈ƪCԺ ĶçȜšįĢkkr¢ɯ̀ԺÏÄįĢȠö!ÆiÄzԺν Ó̀BǫĔɧȠ&ԺChurchԭ1982Ԯſ*iijÏÄÆɐu,ԺiÄ̀B ǫĔ!ÆɐˣÉԺ±ĦԺkçįĢȠö(ÆɐȎԾ pEԺ·̴̈κɋ¦įĢk&Ķɯ̀Ժ̏Ժ·̴̈&Ժ iÄŠöԺȡʼzÏÄԺw MeyerԿMelin ³ Meyerԭ2002Ԯѫ ˕ɑC 1207 ĄiÄԿ1326 ĄÏÄ*̴̈GɆԺǃLjU1G6nŠöԺĈ . .
(62) |ɨƿȡ·ĘöԺÏiɨɯ̀ԺiÄŠöÆÏÄzԺs FujitaԿ Diener ³ Sandvikԭ1991Ԯ̴̈Ķ́ĘĻʺFįĢkɯ̀Ժ-CiÄ kçKÅĘRͪԺÆÏÄf°Ĝ̀Ĉ|ԺήƔ WoodԿRhodes ³ Whelanԭ1989ԮȂy˰ѩ%Ķ³įĢkÃÍü̴Ժџč˙%̴̈ƅdžԺHc iÄįĢk³6nŠö"ÆÏÄԾʈhwĦԺ̴̈ſ*ÙƞԿɌ ʉɯ̀Ժˀ¦!DzLĶǩkçԺ±Ħ³Ä¶ÍcɆɄ+ϓ vƄԺ7˿ϔÜÓUĻʺ±ʝԾ. 政 治 大. џǩˈԺBĊø³įĢkuÃÍ̴̈ƒĩ%Ժ¿ÌÄ̴ĊŁ&Ժ4A. 立. $CGįĢkɄ^ʞĈƄԺ¢Ĉ|"!±*āԿGɆԿȜý. ‧ 國. 學. ƻv¢Ծ±ĦԺ̴̈ƷĉAІ. gӹ6*̴̈GɆԺψʌÓɳ!. ‧. ²Ͱ³įĢkÃÍuRəԺɄAĶ*ȔɀÔɥԺψʌĶĦ̴̈&Ժˏ! Ļʺɳ!²Ͱ³įĢkԾ. sit. y. Nat. n. al. er. io. »ԿOřԭOσԮ³įĢk. i n U. v. ̣ʝӺԭ2002ԮÃÍ̴̈uĈ|&HcOřnjîOԺDΒLJŏF. Ch. engchi. įĢkɨɯ̀ÄԺOřчzԺ¢kçLJŏчîԼvįĢkȠö* ż<O˵°v,˯ȍƕԺɋ Wilsonԭ1967Ԯ¢ǻԺOσ!GįĢkNj 6ĻʺԺOƂšįĢkȠö!ÆO¡š-zԾPhillipsԿHenryԿHosie ³ Milne ԭ2006ԮȂàRͪƨ½³įĢkuÃÍ̴̈ԺĈ|ɨƿGÆOƂɐ îÊcζ̕RͪԺR̡ͪĿɐzԺvRͪƨ½!Ļʺ'įĢkçԺ±ĦԺ ̴̈š¼ƄOįĢk!ÆOƂzԾ. . .
(63) ЖЉԭ2011ԮͣGOřg6àȜȦԺĈ|ɨƿԺÙuį ĢkçԺOřçȜšuˀ¦Ȩɯ̀ԺνÓ. \g6kçįĢȠö. ԺɨzÓUOřg6Լvő̪ԭ2014Ԯψʌ. g6͜kԿɳ!LJŏ. ³įĢku͢Ժ̴̈Hc řu. gOřg6ԫįĢkԬȠöԺɨ<zÓUO. g6ԼhvԺOř¥ȨįĢkɯ̀Ժwń£Ӵԭ2005Ԯ̴. ̈ԺB9zOřgʱ¤ƀԿRͪǬ³įĢkԺ³OřuB9êʱԺɄ^ɨ <ɯ̀Ծ. 政 治 大. џčˈBĊø̴̈ü̴Ĉ|ԺOřԭOσԮԿĶ³įĢku¥. 立. Ȩɯ̀Ժ*Ǹ-ψ̈uĘԺ±Ħ̴̈ԒĉҢǜEĵguӹ6ԺÓįĢk. 學 ‧. ‧ 國. ˏ±Ořvɯ̀Ծ. n. er. io. sit. y. Nat. al. . Ch. engchi. . i n U. v.
(64) Q6· Ġaŵ ƼǍĠaŵC^ġ ɳ!²ͰϓDŽ 1954 OƖ Barnes śCԺȓĖ 1960 OJĨōQ ɳ!ʊgąτ&ԺɄJĨHɓɳ!²ͰÃÍϓDŽԺÓVĔQͱɩ(õƺ ҌԭɪԛԝԺ2009ԮԾÌ58Ϯψʌ&Ժ4HcgšGɳ!²ͰȨ ¹ŃԺɳ!²Ͱќˈ·ŀ¥Í˘ȘǾ,ԺwĆԿÑtԿҌҌuƏ ԺQĤĖFĖƻԺϒLŜŀ¥ɾ͢Ժw WalkerԿMacbride. 政 治 大. ³ Vachonԭ1977Ԯ¨ɳ!²Ͱ¥ɵ*Ժ5³ɾȞΆԺÙ4A. 立. Ì&Ɗŏ'Wɳ!ŻԿÈ-RkԱĒƀLJŏԺ0-f%͢Ă³ɳ!. ‧ 國. 學. ĖθԼvȧƺҌɳ!²Ͱ¥ɵɶƪԻ ԫɩюÙĝ¢²ͰLĮԺ. ‧. ː5ȞΆ³ĖθԺ^Ƅˏś͠LJŏŪÃÍƍ+Ժ5Ƞ&"+*ÙéQ. sit. y. Nat. ǥ͢ŪÓUǑȹԬԭHeaney & Israel, 2008)Ծ. n. al. er. io. ĦøԺψ̈ɳ!²ͰuʢԺ±ņ̛ɳ!LJŏĘԺɛʞ. i n U. v. ˙ŁūÀɳ!. ²Ͱ³ɳ!LJŏ¥ɵͮԖԭDue, Holstein, Lund, Modvig, & Avlund, 1999ԮԼʰ. Ch. engchi. ƨɳ!²Ͱ³ɳ!LJŏÃÍԺ¿ϓDŽēÇÃԾɏԈҦԭ2003Ԯʼnſ *Ժʈhɳ!²Ͱɳ!LJŏ˚Ժɳ!²ͰȨԺ¥ɳ!LJ ŏƍ+Ժ¿ɳ!LJŏś͠ԺēƐ˿ː5'ɳ!²ͰĈϒ͢ȊȅԺ4 ¹ɳ!LJŏ³ɳ!²ͰȓȓÃέԺƐ˿ː5DžƊΆ+œÙɳ !²ͰȭǞLJŏÄԺYCxšTͦ͢Իɳ!²Ͱś͢͠ĈϒԺ¿ Ùē¥"+ǦÌ·Í˘e-LJŏԭLin, Dean, & Ensel, 1981ԮԺ03 xšuɯ̀Ժɳ!²ͰoĈϒԺvɳ!LJŏoƍ+Ä*ԭӮ ÏԿʳ͋҈Ժ2015ԼDue et al., 1999ԮԾ . .
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(66) »Կɳ!²ͰȞΆÄԭnetwork linkageԮԻ Ìψʌɳ!²ͰƈĖÄƀɁ>LğoԺ>¶*ƈĖĜöԿ%ďÄԿ ŏ Ŷij̇ǮÄԾ ԭԮɳ!²ͰȞΆĜöԻƪϒLɳ!²Ͱ&³LĮ͢uĜöԾ x͢˲*ӋtԺɶÓ͢Æ=˷̉ĀÑtƈĖĜ-%Ծ ԭ»Ԯɳ!²ͰȞΆ%ďÄԻƪɳ!²ͰƈĖ͢&ƀÄuȠöԾ. 政 治 大. ԭ\Ԯɳ!²ͰȞΆŏŶÄԻƪɳ!²Ͱ&ȃÓ͢ŅŏÔԿ. 立. ѣԿЃÄƀԾ. ‧ 國. 學. ԭğԮɳ!²Ͱ̇ǮÄԻƪϒLɳ!²Ͱ&u̇͢ǮGʃȠ. ‧. öԾ˷̇ǮÄчzԺƜQɳ!²Ͱ͢Õ-Φȹ³LJŏ4+Äɶ. al. er. io. \Կɳ!²Ͱƍ+ԭnetwork functionsԮԻ. sit. y. Nat. ðzԺǜuɶhԾ. n. v i n Ch ԭԮ¼æQԭreferral functionԮԻʼnɳ!&4AƜQÓ²ͰÕengchi U ·͢ĂԺwþ{!ԿΈЍ̒ϬԿĥ˺ɤԿήƔ˺*ԺwìȻͥÁ Ժκ4AÕ-ѧdžԿƪɛԾ ԭ»Ԯɳ!LJŏԭsocial supportԮԻLJŏ>LxoԺ*HЄŅɕøЅϧIJǹ ϛ˳Qԭbuffer functionԮԿ»*ś͠¦ʢҠŏΦȹQԾ v Houseԭ1987ԮGɳ!²ͰŀÄ¥ɵԺ³ҳ̝ZԿҼΗԭ1984ԮĊ ҅ʞԺņ̛Ի 9Կ˾öԿ%ďÄԿ̇ǮÄԿŏŶÄԿĜöԿȏ̗ԿƺöAȃ ƀÄԺǖÙvǻԺ̼ϔɳ!²ͰĊ҅ԺņЭĈϒÄƀԿȞΆÄƀ³ƍ+ʼ . .
(67) ԭO’Reilly, 1988ԮԺÓVԺHouse ³ Kahnԭ1985Ԯψʌ58̴̈ԺïĈÍ ²ͰĈϒԿ²Ͱ̇lŀÄÃÍʌƄ&ԺHcˬʧFÁƀ@ĩ ̴̈²ä ŀÄԾ±ĦԺ̴̈š>Ϲɳ!²Ͱ0Ժκ0ͣG²ͰˬʧF²ͰÁƀĘ àȜýԺɄɗɟˈgšG²ͰϓDŽ̼ϔԺÀɳ!²ͰȜýę>>*Ĉϒ ÄƀԿȞΆÄƀ³²Ͱƍ+\ʼԾ. ÇǍĠaŵbòĈvĚ ԿĶ³ɳ!²Ͱ. 政 治 大 WangԿHong ³ Piԭ2015ԮͣG²Ͱɳ!LJŏGѳŝǫĔ̴̈&ԺHc 立. ‧ 國. 學. ɳ!LJŏGiÄĻʺƒĩɨ<Ժs Antonucci ³ Akiyamaԭ1987ԮͣG²Ͱ& LJŏƍ+ԺśCĶɯ̀ԺņЭʢ͢eLĮŕý³ÁƀÆɐԺ̴̈ɨ. ‧. er. io. sit. Nat. ĻʺÓįĢkԺ¿ÏÄēƩƩP+ɗϺȣ˸ǑȹԾ. y. ƿiIJͰˬʧÆÏÄ ԺʙÁƀf̆Ժ+ĖČf%˚LJŏԺfĤĖ. Lowenthal ³ Havenԭ1968ԮF Powers ³ Bultenaԭ1976Ԯ̴̈ыſ*Ժ. al. n. v i n Ch ǖÙ6ƳɧȠ&ԺÏÄÆiÄǐÃGɐ i U e n g c hˬʧɳ!²ͰԺ¿³LĮà ĽȃĖθȏ̗ēzԺ͢jĆ˾Ժ%*ҌҌuƏԺ±ĦԺÃɐÏÄԺiÄ ŕýʈhɐîԺ¿Í˘ÁƀȠöēɐzԺ³LĮκɐȓ˾ȞΆԺĝf %rWԾνÓԺPowers ³ Bultenaԭ1976ԮfśԺÏÄLO5VԺfÀ ȣ˸İ*ȔrWԺ¿iÄGÑt³ȣ˸ÃĽēÃȏ̗Ժ43Ժ ÏÄɴDøԺÌ;³UȊȅ5rW͢ԾƖĦ4¹Ժ²ͰÁƀ³ˬ ʧɄÃʃԺʙÏijiÄɳ!²ͰŀÄɯ̀ÏIJͰˬʧʈh: Ժ¿³LĮ͢ÁƀԺē˲iIJͰ͢-Ć˾Ծ. . .
(68) ʈhę>̴̈ÊƿiÄɳ!²ͰɨÆÏÄ ԺÁƀ(ɐ̆Ժ¿κ ̴̈ŔŏÃǜ¹³ǩYԺw Griffithԭ1985Ԯ̴̈Ĉ|ԺɨƿÏi²Ͱ ŀij2½įĢkɄ;ɯ̀ԺsŪšw Babchukԭ1978Ԯɳ!²ͰLĮŕ ýü̴ԺĈ|ɨƿÏi^ɨɯ̀ԺAȃɳ!LJŏȜý&ԺÏip^ɯ ̀ԭStokes & Wlison, 1984ԮԺɅ̈ɳ!LJŏƍ+Ժf̴̈ƪCԺDF ԥś͠LJŏԺÏiÄŠ 18 ƋVʼn^ɯ̀ԭHelsen, Vollebergh, & Meeus, 2000Ԯ Ծ џčˈ̴̈Ĉ|ԺĶ³ɳ!²Ͱ¥Ȩɯ̀ԺЙœ. ę>̴̈. 政 治 大. HciÄɳ!²ͰԺˬʧȃÁƀÆÏÄǛԺ¿0(ÃÍ̴̈Ŕŏ. 立. 學. ‧ 國. uȅƄԺ±ĦԺ̴͔̈àƫψʌ̀Eĵgӹ6Ķ³ɳ!²ͰuÃÍÄԾ »ԿOřԭOσԮ³ɳ!²Ͱ. ‧. ̴̈GɆ*. g6ԺÓHɓмǓÅΈnjîOVđƔLOÛđuԺɠ. Nat. sit. y. ɟ҄ѫȸХ2½ɳ!ƄԺΏÜLOÛđŃǘĆ˾G˼ȅ˳ȄԺųȑ*. n. al. er. io. LƍHɓĆ˾͢Ժˏɶ!ɛʞҘŰ³˼ǙԾ±ĦԺĦмǓӹ6ԺĴ. i n U. v. 0͈ooˣʉԺņЭȋģԿʢԺAȃɌʉԿŝĐÔԺӐɨɳ!²Ͱ. Ch. engchi. LJŏԿʢ͢uÐÄԺ±HɓĆ˾͢ɴȹəL˺ƞԺ0+Ǒ ȹӹ6Ńǘ̀EǫĔáāԺAȃǐ4>6nt̒Ժƣɴӹ6Ċ2Ԣ ӥ³ËԾAÙHɓ3Ժêʱ0đԺ̩ʜĤŅŏ&2ĄʥԺ¿ΏÜnj ȢđVԺԥ͢чɨÐԺήƔŬϿ̩ʜĆ&2EĄԺ±ĦԺÙnjȢ đ0Ժɳ!²Ͱ&ÐU!àÐʕԺνÓԥfL*LJŏÐ˚ ԭHelsen, Vollebergh, & Meeus, 2000ԮԾ. . .
(69) Due ԭ1999ԮǃLjДϣƇɳ!͢0ԺɑÕŦOσʼGɆԺ Ĉ|ɨƿԺOσɳ!²ͰĈϒ³ƍ+ɨ<ɯ̀Ժņ̛OƂ³ÑtĖ θȏ̗ɐO¡šzԿO¡šɐĩȞΆGɆ*ĆԺʙ²Ͱƍ+&þȭÄLJ ŏĜ̯Ժf!żOσNj6ƗÔԼhvԺʰƨO¡šɳ!²ͰˬʧɐOƂ9Ժ ÃGLJŏǥ˚%Ժ¿³Í˘²ͰLĮÃĽԺēÃGF҇Ժū=˳ȄԾ v²Ͱƍ+uĊ҅ԺHelsenԿVollebergh ³ Meeusԭ2000ԮAк̰E dzԺɑÕ 2918 ĄnjîO*GɆԺψʌÓ͢²Ͱ&ÑtԿDɳ!LJŏԺ. 政 治 大. GnjîORkáāuÃÍÄԺĈ|ɨƿnjîO'̩ʜĆLJŏɭîԺ¿'Ñ. 立. tLJŏÃG°Ժ@ɨĐÔOσ* 16 ƋԺ˲A͢²ͰLĮ$Ժ̩. 學. ‧ 國. ʜĆÐÄ!ÙnjȢđ0ɮEɭ̯ԾhvԺCheng ³ Chanԭ2004Ԯ. ‧. ̴̈Ĉ|ѭ³ÓÃǜԺÓœQ%Ęöɳ!LJŏýÊȜýƸ̲z&6Ժ 2,105 Ż Džáξ&Ժ-COσмǓLJŏ˚κuĈ|Ժ͢²Ͱ&Ժ. y. Nat. n. al. ęŻ. er. io. LJŏ'ÑtԾ. sit. O¡ɐî-DLJŏԺǜvnjîO-@%ԺvO¡ɶ. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. ¿BĊ̴̈ēHcĈ|Ժ̴̈HcO¡šLJŏ˚*DΒL ĮԺ˲?iŕч%ԺÈ-LJŏ(ч%ԭѹҔ?Ժ1998ԮԺsʳҎ҅ԭ2006Ԯï Ĉ58̴̈ԺśCnjîOɳ!²ͰAÑt*Ժ¿O¡šēADΒ*Ð 2ԺLJŏ˚DΒ&È-ԾGˈ̴̈ĈƄԺCheng ³ Chanԭ2004Ԯ ſ*ŪƱàѳŝ̴̈Ժ+ˀŅ̴̈Ĉ|¼ƄÄԾ ƖĦ4¹ԺŝԺ!ɛʞȜýĈ|ԺʙƟBĊɚƑӹ6ɳ !²Ͱü̴ԺvƑ+ӲŃÓ²ͰĈϒԿƍ+³ȞΆuʼԺ±ĦԺ̴̈šſ* ţÜ>ϹuƐԺ0ː5ŝȔɀGɆü̴ԺȦɋgš¢ʃuŝ! . .
(70) GÙɳ!²ͰԺDzLĻʺu¼ƄԾ @VԺy̼ŷqƛƭПˠɳ!²Ͱ³ɳ!LJŏu͢ԺHouse ԭ1988Ԯ ſ*Ʊ%!Úùdz>ɳ!LJŏ³ɳ!²ͰxϓDŽԺʙƏǮœQԺ±* ĦxšҤ*ȓ˾ÃέԿ4ˮ>͢Ժ±ĦԺ˲N8dz¶Ժɳ!²Ͱ ː5ɳ!LJŏԺś͠ƍ+Ä*Ժvɳ!LJŏɶ4 #ÝӭÜɳ!²Ͱ&Ժ Ūɳ!²Ͱƍ+Ծ̴̈>Ϲɳ!²ͰĦÔɥ0Ժκ!ņ̛ɳ!LJ ŏԺ±ĦԺ̴̈šſ*Gɳ!LJŏ½ƄàÃÍ>ϹԺÓƐÄԼĦøԺː. 政 治 大. 5ɳ!ɕͨ½Ƅ³ɳ!Rͪġȶ½ƄuψʌԺÀ-AӲŃӹ6ɳ!͢ŀÄ. 立. ³ĐÔԾ. ‧. ‧ 國. 學 er. io. sit. y. Nat. n. al. . . Ch . engchi. . i n U. v.
(71) ƲǍĠĔŲh½ . ៈૐԋᜢ߯౧ᚆ㚐 གૄ১ǴࢂϢڗжޑ. . ៈૐԋ࣬ ೀၨᓎᕷ㚐ᜢ߯ؼӳǴ ՠܰ׳ܭඤཥԋ. . ៈૐԋϐ ໔ᜢ߯ᒃஏ㚐ᛙۓ. ᎃۚ. !ӳ ܻ϶. . Р҆. Ծρ. л ۂۊ. ᒃ. πբ ұՔ. . ӕ٣. . 立. Ьᆅ. . ‧. . 學. . ‧ 國. . 政 ଛଽ治 大. ù ɕͨǪǢù. Nat. sit. y. Ɋҍ'ԸConvoys over the life course: Attachment, roles, and social support,” by R. L. Kahn, and T. C.. io. al. n. York, NY: Academic Press.. er. Antonucci, 1980, In P. B. Baltes & O. Brim (Eds.), Life-span development and behavior (pp. 253-286). New. Կɳ!ɕͨ½ƄuĊ҅. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. ÍÙ6&LJŏ²ͰʕLԺKahn F Antonucciԭ1980ԮśCɕˌʧȺ ½ƄԺ*ӑͭuɗɟԺɕˌԭconvoyԮϓDŽԺƪÙL¡ɧȠ&Ժ ̒żÙΓԺ·+ś͠LJŏ³ΦȹD³ÑtԾɳ!ɕͨ+*Ùé ÇʹŅɕԺËɗϑȊȅu,Ժɳ!ɕͨLĮÃ̇LJŏԺv@½# ƍ+Ժ̢5aϼGRkLJŏԿ'͝¥FȅʼnǑȹԺ±ĦԺɳ!ɕͨ ſ *GÙōś͠ËɿѾԭAntonucci & Jackson, 1987ԮԾǸ-ŧ ԺKahn F Antonucciԭ1980Ԯſ*~6ƳĐÔԺ"!éаɳ!²Ͱ . .
(72) ÐȊԺ±ĦԺµG·RʉƗÔ0ԺÙɕͨĈϒ(!żuflԺʙÙ #̠ĵȊϒ²ͰԺ*ŠȈLJŏĴԺéC²ͰĈϒ&LJŏƍ+ԺG ~ÙÐÄԾ Kahn F Antonucciԭ1980ԮĠA2̸ÊƿÙɳ!²ͰԺɕͨ ȕ҆u͢Ժ4Aː5ԫ2̸ԬÊƿԼhvԺLĮÐȠöԺˏ ƾÙkç@ĆħԿ6Ƴ&^û#Ý4+Ī8ȠöԺɠɟ͢LĮ*Ù ¢ś͠ɳ!LJŏ%ӈ³Áƀ¢ǘ¥Ծ±ĦԺ³ÙĖθ{!@îÍ. 政 治 大. ˘LĮԺ!Ľ2̸@øʼԺŬÊĖθȏ̗ɐȎԺÃɐ=ÓUvǻԺ³. 立. Ù;I.ĆħԺ¿Λh!ś͠¥ȠöLJŏԺ*͢²Ͱ&@ɿȬãԺ. 學. ‧ 國. GɆʕL*ƨԿ]ŪѰȿԺʰƨ·Í˘GÙvǻȭǞ¥ȠöÐ. ‧. ÄԺU12̸&ԺƩƩͿ¥ʙŁū ÕŬԾs Levittԭ2005ԮAL ɾÙ*̴̈GɆԺHcLO@ĩH6Ôŝ͢Ժʼn2̸@ø̑Ժµ. y. Nat. er. io. sit. &ŀѵÔŝ³Ɍʉ̇ÃĻʺ¢Nj6ԺνÓԺLOđ0Ժɕͨŕ @%ԺÓ͢ÁƀԺAȃ³2̸Ċ̑͢ʀԺ"ÀĻʺÙRͪ³įĢ. n. al. kçԾ. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. v»̑ʕLLĮAĆӔԿÑt*ԺĄĦ̑ʕLLĮԺÓ³ Ùu͢Ժɐø̑LĮ-fĆ˾ԺÙ+·Í˘&-ɐ%LJŏԺʈh ÃGĖθȏ̗ɐzԺ¿Ħ̑͢ɄÇǙȅԺʼnƙLĮĪ8Ժы +ƊŏԺνÓĦ̑͢LO0đŀ¶Ϳ¥Ժ:ŁūϿǮLĮԺɮ Ѩˎ5ȠԾ @VʕL2̸&@Ċ̑LĮԺÓÐȠö İ*Ժɗϑƍ+ GɆԾU1Ù6n&@ÐLJŏšԺκ*4}ϺuGɆԺņ̛?iԿȣ . .
(73) ˸ş¢DΒLĮԺ"̛ЭĦ̑Ժ·LĮu¢A ʥ@Ċ̑ĄʥԺÇ ÕǘU1³ÙLJŏ͢uƀýԺvÕǘU1³ÙԺôʼn ȨĆ˾͢ԭKahn & Antonucci, 1980ԮԾ »ԿĔQ̴̈u4Ä 58:%œQɕͨ½ƄBĊø̴̈Ժ %"ÀÐY<ÐʼԺ¿Ó ¦~мǓÙԺ"Ĵɕͨȕ҆ΦȹÓL¡ԾνÓĦ½Ƅ&Ժ~ɕͨ ȕ҆"ː52̸Ժ8¥ɵ͢LJŏԭȓ˾ԮȠöԺ·LĮ³ÙR. 政 治 大. kƒĩ˩˓ԺLĮ³Ù˺͢Ժ4+ß©O¢Ӿ¥Ժʰƨ. 立. ÙuV±*þŪȿúEƗÔԺÓRkɗ̓+ƗÔԾɕͨʧȺ(ſ*Ǔ. ‧ 國. 學. ɳ!͢Ժ+ǑȹÙ6n&ŅŏįĢkFĔGʏԭAntonucci & Akiyama,. ‧. 1987ԮԺ±ĦԺ̴̈ƷĉAĦ½ƄǩYԫųń"Ɛ˿ː5ɕͨLĮԺ. sit. y. Nat. +5ǖ6ƳɧȠԬԺͣGӹ6à̴̈Ժʰƨӹ6ЏɌʉĐÔĪ8. al. er. io. ę>ɕͨLĮԺ¿ІV(ƕƐ˿àÐʕԺ±*ӹ6ΛhĴLJŏ˚ԺA. v. n. Ńǘ̀EĵgDZooˣÉԺдĦδœ̴̈šƷĉψʌÓ²ͰĈϒ³LJŏ ŮȼІR̦Ծ. Ch. engchi. i n U. ĦøԺɳ!ɕͨʧȺś͠ǖčɳ!LJŏ³ɳ!²ͰoƻԺɕͨȕ҆ ů<Ɩɾ³'WÃ͵&Õ-LJŏԾӹ6ӹȿEL¡¢ʕLɕͨ ȕ҆̒żÓL¡ɧȠԺµǘ¥ƔBøǴgԺŰJʯϟɌʉIȷԺů< ŰJʯϟɾԺÓɕͨȕ҆Ĉϒ(!ż<0³ɌʉƗÔԺNj6˲ǚÔ ŝԺɮŅǴԿӕǮ³°LĮԺɄː5ͲĦÃ̇LJŏƊŏLĮ͢Ծ µÙ͈ѩ%RʉÔŝ0ԺΩ6Կ]ԿĒȩȭɲŲԺ±Ħɳ!LJŏ GÙvǻɨ-ÐԺєĦԺ̴͔̈ψ̈Ժµӹ658ɕͨȕ҆6n& . .
(74) ƣĪ0ԺÓɕͨȕ҆ˏ!¢ƗÔԺsŨ·flԺvś͠ɳ!LJŏs I·GɆԺыǸ-̴̈ţÜψʌĘԾ. ƨǍĠÔ©h½ Կɳ!LJŏĊ҅ *`.~"Ĵɕͨȕ҆̒żԺɄό¥LJŏŮȼ0ś͠Ù ¢ĴLJŏoɹăԽ±ɳ!LJŏΦȹ1ŃǘˣÉý˚ԺήƔÙ. 政 治 大 ̴̈šϷϷśCɳ!LJŏéÅĘRͪԺȃÓGįĢkÐÄԺνÓԺɳ! 立 6"Ĵ·LJŏԺG6n&ÔlԺȃ6ŦoɲŲԾ±ĦԺ·. ‧ 國. 學. LJŏɳ!²Ͱ@Ðƍ+ԺÕ-LJŏκ*įĢkuÐ˚Ժ±ĦԺː 5ƚȩ³Í˘²Ͱ&LĮà̇lԺÓɳ!ǖčöðzԺð+ŬÊ˺Í ýɳ!LJŏԺȹśŹÙįĢ³KȠöԭɏӇ. er. io. sit. y. Nat. ȾԺ2002ԮԾ. ‧. ˘ÁƀԺκ+-ч. ɳ!LJŏ³RͪĂĂÃÍԺ±ĦԺAygleԭ1987ԮśCɳ!LJŏĻʺ. al. n. v i n Ch įĢkçԺÓô±*įĢk˚ĴȊȅ:%ÅĘRkԿKuԺ engchi U. v·ÅĘkç˷'ɳ!LJŏԺ¿+ˏÈ-ɳ!LJŏԺÕǘ²ͰÍ ˘ÁƀԺÌvàƫÈ-ɳ!LJŏś͠kRLJŏԿĆ˾kԿ}ųkԿ'Ś ǸԭςȊӛԿ̂ѿҍԺ1997ԮԾŵѿԭ1998Ԯ̴̈Ժɳ!LJŏ³įĢk ȭĜ̀ÅĻʺԺʙ³6nŠїÅÃÍԺ±ĦԺǐɳ!LJŏч%Ժч ȹśŹįĢk³6nŠöԾ vɳ!LJŏś͠İʪ²ͰĈϒuƈĖÄԭDue et al, 1999ԮԺʼn Õǘɳ!²ͰÁƀԭO’Reilly, 1988Ԯ Ժņ̛͢ĂłМԺ ÓULĮķ˰Կ . .
(75) /Fͷφ*ԺήƔ͢²Ͱ&ԺGͲĦɵȑ̋CԺGǴg6vǻԺ "KǔǫĔµEÍιʝԭCobb, 1976ԮԺӐɨɕͨȕ҆Ó¦ś͠LJŏ ƍ+GɆ˚Ծɕͨ½Ƅ&ԺKahn ³ Antonucciԭ1980ԮÀɳ!LJŏõ ¥*ʢǥ˚͆ĐԺµ&ǥ˚4A>L\ɹԺʼn/2ԭaffectԮԿ͝¥ ԭaffirmationԮԿ³ҠȹԭaidԮԼԫ/2Ԭ͆ĐƪÊƾ§ԿЮZԿͷφ³ /Լԫ͝¥Ԭ͆ĐņЭÊƾуԺſ¥ȡ·*ŪǻƹŵÄԺvԫҠȹԬ ͆Đs4>LĒƀԿĸŎԿǥ͢³0ԭӮÏԿʳ͋҈Ժ2015ԮԺÇʹ ɳ!LJŏf+DžɭîÙʏ˚ԺʙFϛʏ¢éȲɖáāԭLakey &. 立. Cohen, 2000ԮԾ. ę>̴̈ƪCԺɳ!LJŏ³2Ȳɖɨ<ÃÍԭThoits, 1995ԮԺ. ‧ 國. 學. 58. 政 治 大. ‧. -ɳ!LJŏ4AG̘6nʏ¢DzLȲɖáāԺɄŅɕ1Εǒμёș ̨{(Cobb, 1976)Լvɳ!LJŏ0ʏʮϛʆԺœ2½-AǃŷԺÓǛ. y. Nat. io. sit. Ⱥɳ!²Ͱ&Õ-ÅĘǑȹԺɄŏƓͿ¥ɳƏ̑Ժ±. er. Y*Ù+Ì. ĦԺɳ!LJŏ³ǖÙįĢkÃÍԺː5ÓéÅĘĻʺԺĦøԺɳ!²Ͱ. al. n. v i n Ch ǖč74AǑȹ1Εǒ·́ȦԺ˯Ȏμ2½ёș{̗Ժ0G engchi U Ù6n̦̊ȭʨȜÄԿͿ¥ÄԺ7'ŚǸſrԭCohen & Wills, 1985; d’Abbs, 1982; Ganster & Fusilier, 1986; Thoits, 1995ԮԾ »Կɳ!LJŏɹȺ³˚ ɳ!LJŏɹȺwńõ¥Խv˷ś͠ɳ!LJŏGɆŨ·ԽCobb ԭ1976Ԯ@ƭGɳ!LJŏC¥ɵԺɄĠÀɳ!LJŏ>LԻRͪLJŏԿ'ͷLJ ŏAȃɳ!²Ͱ\oɹȺԺΞÐRͪʼԺvɐ̜¦ƀԿȭÙÄLJŏԾ. . .
(76) ÓVԺgšśC#ûԺCohen ³ Willsԭ1985Ԯſ*ɳ!LJŏ Ċ҅ņЭԻԭԮ'ͷLJŏԭesteem supportԮԺƪXÙkç ͷÐFĖϔԺ ʰƨųńˣÉŪ«Ī&ԺÙȦFŚǸp!çÐİԼԭ»Ԯ͢ ĂLJŏԭinformational supportԮƪ+Ǧ½ŃԺɄǢû*GŃǘˀ¥]Լ ԭ\ԮɳƏ͢ԭsocial companionshipԮǪ¥µÙDZˣÉvkç2½ ʏ0Ժː5³Ć˾͢ȞΆԺ+DžɭƂԺ±ĦԺ˺ʹɳ!ʵ̒Ժ4Aɭ î6n&ʏԼԭğԮþȭÄLJŏԭinstrumental supportԮ*Ùś͖͠ LJҗԾĦøԺ58Ʊ%̴̈ɋ¦Ժɳ!LJŏ³įĢkїcÅÃÍԺ±Ħ Due. 政 治 大 ԭ1999Ԯ³ Houseԭ1981ԮÀɳ!LJŏdz>*RͪLJŏԿ͢ĂԿþȭȃȀŚԾ 立. ‧ 國. 學. v Cutrona ³ Russelԭ1990ԮɶÀę>gšśCɳ!LJŏĘ>*ŘɹԻ. ‧. ԭԮRͪÄLJŏԻƪ LJŏšʏ0+-ÍʋԿËkԺδœG +̶kçËϳ³LJŏԼԭ»Ԯ²ͰLJŏԻƪ LJŏšɜÙµ&k. y. Nat. er. io. sit. ̼ŜkԺ³LĮɁɦʣԺ(+ɁƤ³ɢ˟nlԺȊȅ=tтɜÙԼ ԭ\Ԯ 'ͷLJŏԻkçǛðFçͷÐԺG͈ʏRʉ0ԺaϼGÅ. al. n. v i n Ch yӆȃÊƾſԼԭğԮ¦ƀÄLJŏԻwþȭÄLJŏԺµGĴ·ǥ˚0 engchi U. ԭwԻ͖Ū͡LJҗԮԺLJŏš!ĤĖś͠ΦȹԼԭŘԮ͢ĂÄLJŏԻ ƪś͠¹ԿѧdžŪƪʴϼ LJŏšԺņЭЌĀ5Ƞ&ś͠4ǟûԺΦȹ GŃǘáāԾ ʈhŦgšGɳ!LJŏ¥ɵ³>ɹ¢Ժ¿żV Houseԭ1981Ԯ Կ Turnerԭ1983ԮԿHouse ³ Kahnԭ1985Ԯ0¨ɳ!LJŏuÐɹȺ̼ϔ*ԫþ ȭÄԿ͢ĂÄFRͪÄLJŏԬԾþȭÄLJŏƪU*ΦȹŪĒƀś͠ ǑȹԼv͢ĂÄLJŏԺ*¶ś͠¹ŪԜϏĞȑԺAŃǘµˣ . .
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